【Biography】
惠公元妃孟子。孟子卒，继室以声子，生隐公。
Mencius, the concubine of Emperor Hui Dynasty. Mencius died, and his successor was Shengzi, who gave birth to Gong Yin.
鲁惠公第一次所娶正夫人叫做孟子。孟子去世后，续娶个姬妾叫做声子，生了隐公。
Duke Hui of Lu married his first wife named Mencius. After Mencius died, he married a concubine named Shengzi and gave birth to Yin Gong.
宋武公生仲子，仲子生而有文在其手，曰“为鲁夫人”，故仲子归于我。生桓公而惠公薨，是以隐公立而奉之。
Duke Wu of the Song Dynasty gave birth to Zhongzi. Zhongzi was born with a text in his hand, saying that he was "Mrs. Lu", so Zhongzi belongs to me. When Duke Huan was born and Duke Hui passed away, he served him as a concealed public figure.
宋武公生女公子仲子，仲子生下来就有字在手掌上，字是“鲁夫人”（意思是她将做鲁国的正室夫人），所以仲子嫁给我国，生了桓公，而不久惠公逝世，因此隐公摄政，却奉戴桓公为鲁君。
Duke Wu of the Song Dynasty gave birth to a daughter, Zhongzi. Zhongzi was born with a character on her palm, which was "Mrs. Lu" (meaning she would be the royal wife of the Lu State). So Zhongzi married our country and gave birth to Duke Huan. Soon after Duke Hui passed away, he concealed himself as regent, but made Duke Huan the king of Lu.
【经】
【经】
元年春王正月。
The first month of the first year of Spring.
三月，公及邾仪父盟于蔑。
In March, the Duke and Zhu Yi's father formed an alliance in Mi.
夏五月，郑伯克段于鄢。
In the fifth month of summer, Zheng Beke was sent to Yan.
秋七月，天王使宰咺(xuān)来归惠公、仲子之赗。
In the seventh month of autumn, the king of heaven sent Zai Yu (xuān) to return to the throne of Duke Hui and Zhongzi.
九月，及宋人盟于宿。
In September, we stayed together with the people of Song Dynasty.
冬十有二月，祭伯来。
In the second month of the tenth month of winter, we come to offer sacrifices to Bo.
公子益师卒。
The young master benefited from his teachings.
【传】
【Biography】
元年春，王周正月。不书即位，摄也。
In the spring of the first year, the first month of King Zhou. He ascended the throne without writing, but took pictures.
元年春季，周王朝历法的正月，《春秋》没有记载隐公即位，这是由于他只是代理国政。
In the spring of the first year, the first month of the Zhou Dynasty calendar, "Spring and Autumn" does not record Yin Gong's accession to the throne. This is because he only acted as an agent in state affairs.
三月，公及邾仪父盟于蔑，邾子克也。未王命，故不书爵。曰“仪父”，贵之也。公摄位而欲求好于邾，故为蔑之盟。
In March, the Duke and Zhu Yi's father made an alliance in Mi, and Zhu Zi defeated him. Without the king's order, I can't book the title. It is said that "Yifu" is noble. The public took the throne and wanted to be better than Zhu, so he became a scornful alliance.
三月，隐公和邾仪父在蔑会见，邾仪父就是邾子克。由于邾仪父还没有受周朝正式册封，所以《春秋》没有记载他的爵位；称他为“仪父”，是尊重他。隐公代行国政而想要和邾国友好，所以在蔑地举行了盟会。
In March, Yin Gong and Zhu Yi's father met in Mi. Zhu Yi's father was Zhu Zike. Since Zhu Yi's father had not been officially canonized by the Zhou Dynasty, his title was not recorded in the "Spring and Autumn Annals"; calling him "Yi's father" was a sign of respect for him. Duke Yin was in charge of state affairs and wanted to be friendly with Zhu, so he held an alliance meeting in Midi.
夏四月，费伯帅师城郎。不书，非公命也。
In April of summer, Faber commanded Chenglang. Not writing is not a public order.
夏季四月，费伯率领军队在郎地筑城。《春秋》没有记载，因为不是奉隐公的命令。
In April of summer, Faber led the army to build a city in Langdi. There is no record in the Spring and Autumn Annals because it was not under the orders of Duke Yin.
初，郑武公娶于申，曰武姜，生庄公及共叔段。庄公寤生，惊姜氏，故名曰“寤生”，遂恶之。爱共叔段，欲立之。亟请于武公，公弗许。及庄公即位，为之请制。公曰：“制，岩邑也，虢叔死焉，佗邑唯命。”请京，使居之，谓之京城大叔。祭仲曰：“都城过百雉，国之害也。先王之制，大都不过参国之一，中五之一，小九之一。今京不度，非制也，君将不堪。”公曰：“姜氏欲之，焉辟害？”对曰：“姜氏何厌之有？不如早为之所，无使滋蔓！蔓，难图也。蔓草犹不可除，况君之宠弟乎？”公曰：“多行不义，必自毙，子姑待之。”
At the beginning, Duke Wu of Zheng married Yu Shen, named Wu Jiang, and gave birth to Duke Zhuang and Gongshu Duan. When Zhuang Gong was born in Wansheng, the Jiang family was frightened, so he was named "Wansheng", so he became evil. I love Uncle Duan and want to establish him. I urgently ask Duke Wu, and he gives me permission. When Duke Zhuang ascended the throne, he asked for control. The duke said: "Zhi, Yanyi, Uncle Guo is dead, Tuoyi is the only one who lives." He invited the capital and envoys lived there, and he was called the uncle of the capital. Ji Zhong said: "The capital has more than a hundred pheasants, which is a harm to the country. Most of the systems of the previous kings are only one of the participating countries, one of the five, and one of the nine. If the capital is not controlled now, it is not controlled, and the king will be unbearable." The duke said: "The Jiang family wants it, how can it be implemented? Harm?" He said: "Why do you hate it? It's better to prevent the vines from spreading! The vines are still difficult to get rid of. How about your beloved brother?" The Duke said: "If you do too much, you will be punished."
当初，郑武公在申国娶妻，名叫武姜，生了庄公和共叔段两个儿子，庄公降生时是脚先出头后出的，这是难产，使姜氏很惊讶，因此给他取名叫寤生，并且很讨厌他。姜氏喜爱共叔段，想立他为太子，屡次向武公请求，武公不肯答应。等到庄公继位为郑国国君，姜氏请求将制地作为共叔段的封邑，庄公说：“制地是形势险峻的地方，虢叔曾经死在那里。其他地方都可以听命。”姜氏又改请求封京城，让共叔段住在那里，就称他为京城太叔。祭仲说：“凡属国都，城墙周围的长度超过三百丈，就给国家带来祸害。先王制定的制度：大的地方的城墙，不超过国都的三分之一；中等的，不超过五分之一；小的，不超过九分之一。现在京城的城墙不合制度，这不是该有的，您会忍受不了。”庄公说：“姜氏要这样，哪里能避免祸害呢？”祭仲回答说：“姜氏怎么会得到满足？不如及早作安排，不要让她滋生事端，一旦蔓延就难得对付了。蔓延的野草尚且不能铲除掉，何况是您宠爱的弟弟呢？”庄公说：“多作不合情理的事，必然自己垮台。您暂且等着吧！”
At the beginning, Duke Wu of Zheng married a wife named Wu Jiang in the State of Shen, and gave birth to two sons, Duke Zhuang and Gong Shu Duan. When Duke Zhuang was born, his feet came first and his head came out later. This was a difficult birth, which surprised the Jiang family, so they named him Huansheng and disliked him very much. The Jiang family loved Gongshu Duan and wanted to make him the crown prince. She repeatedly requested Duke Wu, but Duke Wu refused to agree. When Duke Zhuang succeeded to the throne as the king of Zheng, the Jiang family requested that Zhidi be granted to Gongshu Duan. Duke Zhuang said: "Zhiding is a dangerous place. Uncle Guo died there. Other places can be ordered." The Jiang family asked for the capital to be enfeoffed and let Gongshu Duan live there, and called him Taishu of the capital. Ji Zhong said: "In any capital, if the length of the city wall exceeds three hundred feet, it will bring disaster to the country. The system established by the previous kings: the walls of large places should not exceed one-third of the capital; the walls of medium-sized places should not exceed one-fifth; and the small ones should not exceed one-ninth. Now the city walls in the capital are not in compliance with the system. This is not what it should be. You will not be able to bear it." Zhuang Gong said: " If Jiang is like this, how can we avoid disaster? "How can Jiang be satisfied? It's better to make arrangements as soon as possible to prevent her from causing trouble. If it spreads, it will be difficult to eradicate it, let alone your beloved brother." Zhuang Gong said, "If you do more unreasonable things, you will surely collapse."
既而大叔命西鄙、北鄙贰于己。公子吕曰：“国不堪贰，君将若之何？欲与大叔，臣请事之；若弗与，则请除之。无生民心。”公曰：“无庸，将自及。”大叔又收贰以为己邑，至于廪延。子封曰：“可矣，厚将得众。”公曰：“不义不昵，厚将崩。”大叔完聚，缮甲兵，具卒乘，将袭郑，夫人将启之。公闻其期，曰：“可矣！”命子封帅车二百乘以伐京。京叛大叔段，段入于鄢，公伐诸鄢。五月辛丑，大叔出奔共。
Then the uncle ordered Xibi and Beipi to come to him. Prince Lu said: "The country is in ruins. What kind of ruler and general should I take? If I want to be with my uncle, I will ask him to do something for me. If I can't, please get rid of him. He has no hope of winning the hearts of the people." The prince said, "There is no mediocrity. I will take care of myself." The uncle took Er as his own town, and moved to Linyan. Zi Feng said: "That's right. A good general will win many people." The duke said: "If you are unjust and don't be friendly, a good general will collapse." The uncles gathered together, repaired the armor and soldiers, and equipped the troops with soldiers and riding horses. The general will attack Zheng, and his wife will start it. When the public heard about it, he said: "That's fine!" He ordered Feng Shuai to drive two hundred chariots to the capital. Uncle Duan rebelled against him in Beijing. Duan entered Yan and attacked all the Yan states. In the Xinchou month of May, my uncle went away to join the Communist Party.
不久，太叔命令西部和北部边境既听庄公的命令，又听自己的命令。公子吕说：“国家不能忍受这种两面听命的情况，您打算怎么办？您要把君位让给太叔，下臣就去事奉他；如果不给，那就请除掉他，不要让老百姓产生其他想法。”庄公说：“用不着，他会自食其果的。” 太叔又收取原来两属的地方作为自己的封邑，并扩大到廪延地方。子封（即公子吕）说：“可以动手了。势力一大，将会争得民心。”庄公说：“没有正义就不能号召人，势力虽大，反而会崩溃。”太叔修理城郭，储备粮草，补充武器装备，充实步兵车兵，准备袭击郑国都城，姜氏则打算作为内应打开城门。庄公听到太叔起兵的日期，说：“可以了。”就命令子封率领二百辆战车进攻京城。京城的人反对太叔。太叔逃到鄢地。庄公又赶到鄢地进攻他。五月二十三日，太叔又逃到共国。
Soon, Taishu ordered the western and northern borders to obey both Zhuang Gong's orders and his own orders. Master Lu said: "The country cannot bear this situation of obeying orders on both sides. What are you going to do? You want to give the throne to Taishu, and the subordinates will serve him; if not, please get rid of him and don't let the people have other ideas." Zhuang Gong said: "No need, he will reap the consequences." Taishu took the two original areas as his own fief, and expanded it to Linyan area. Zi Feng (also known as Gongzi Lu) said: "It's time to take action. If you are powerful, you will win the hearts of the people." Zhuang Gong said: "Without justice, you can't call on people. Although your power is great, it will collapse." Taishu repaired the city, stocked up on food and grass, replenished weapons and equipment, strengthened infantry and chariots, and prepared to attack the capital of Zheng. Jiang planned to open the city gate as an internal agent. When Duke Zhuang heard about the date of Taishu's revolt, he said, "That's enough." He ordered Zi Feng to lead 200 chariots to attack the capital. People in the capital were against Taishu. Taishu fled to Yandi. Duke Zhuang rushed to Yan to attack him. On May 23, Taishu fled to the Republic of China again.
书曰：“郑伯克段于鄢。”段不弟，故不言弟；如二君，故曰克；称郑伯，讥失教也：谓之郑志。不言出奔，难之也。
The book says: "Zheng Bo is Duan Yu Yan." Duan is not a younger brother, so he is not called younger brother; he is like the second prince, so he is called Ke; calling him Uncle Zheng is a mockery of losing his education: he is called Zheng Zhi. Running away without saying a word is difficult.
《春秋》说：“郑伯克段于鄢。”太叔所作所为不像兄弟，所以不说“弟”字；兄弟相争，好像两个国君打仗一样，所以用个“克”字；把庄公称为“郑伯”是讥刺他没有尽教诲之责；《春秋》这样记载就表明了庄公的本来的意思。不说“出奔”，是因为史官下笔有困难。
"Spring and Autumn" says: "Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan." What Taishu did was not like brothers, so he did not say "brother"; brothers fighting was like two monarchs fighting, so they used the word "ke"; calling Zhuang Gong "Zheng Bo" was a mockery of him for failing to fulfill his teaching duty; "Spring and Autumn" records like this show Zhuang Gong's original meaning. I don't say "escape" because the historian has difficulty writing.
遂寘姜氏于城颖，而誓之曰：“不及黄泉，无相见也。”既而悔之。颍考叔为颍谷封人，闻之，有献于公，公赐之食，食舍肉。公问之，对曰：“小人有母，皆尝小人之食矣，未尝君之羹，请以遗之。”公曰：“尔有母遗，繄我独无！”颍考叔曰：“敢问何谓也？”公语之故，且告之悔。对曰：“君何患焉？若阙地及泉，隧而相见，其谁曰不然？”公从之。公入而赋：“大隧之中，其乐也融融！”姜出而赋：“大隧之外，其乐也泄泄！”遂为母子如初。
Then he placed the Jiang family in Chengying and swore to him: "Not as good as Huangquan, we will never meet each other." Then he regretted it. Uncle Ying Kao was a feudal lord of Yinggu. He heard about it and offered it to the Duke. The Duke gave him food and ate the meat of his family. When the Duke asked, he said: "You have a mother, and you have tasted the food of the villain. You have not tasted the soup of the king. Please leave it behind." The Duke said, "You have the mother's legacy, but I have none!" Uncle Yingkao said, "I dare to ask, what is it?" Because of the public words, he also told him that he regretted it. He said to him: "What trouble do you have? If the ground and the spring meet each other through a tunnel, who would say otherwise?" The public obeyed. When Gong came in, he said: "In the big tunnel, the joy is also harmonious!" When Jiang came out, he said: "Outside the big tunnel, the joy is also flowing out!" Then the mother and son were as before.
郑庄公就把姜氏安置在城颍地方，发誓说：“不到黄泉不再相见。”不久以后又后悔起来。当时颍考叔在颍谷做边疆护卫长官，听到这件事，就献给庄公一些东西。庄公赏赐他食物。在吃的时候，他把肉留下不吃。庄公问他为什么，他说：“我有母亲，我孝敬她的食物都已尝过了，就是没有尝过您的肉汤，请求让我带给她吃。”庄公说：“你有母亲可送，咳！我却没有！”颍考叔说：“请问这是什么意思？”庄公就对他说明了原因，并且告诉他自己很后悔。颍考叔回答说：“您有什么可忧虑的呢？如果挖地见到了泉水，开一条隧道在里面相见，谁又会说不对呢？”郑庄公听了颍考叔的意见。庄公进了隧道，赋诗说：“在大隧中相见，多么快乐啊！”姜氏走出隧道，赋诗说：“走出大隧外，多么舒畅啊。”于是作为母子像从前一样。
Duke Zhuang of Zheng placed the Jiang family in Chengying and swore: "We will never see each other until we reach the underworld." Soon he regretted it. At that time, Uncle Yingkao was working as a border guard officer in Yinggu. When he heard about this incident, he presented something to Duke Zhuang. Duke Zhuang rewarded him with food. While eating, he left the meat uneaten. Zhuang Gong asked him why, and he said, "I have a mother. I have tasted all the food I honor her, but I have not tasted your broth. Please let me bring it to her." Zhuang Gong said, "You have a mother to give her, cough! But I don't!" Uncle Yingkao said, "What does this mean?" Zhuang Gong explained the reason to him and told him that he regretted it. Ying Kao Shu replied: "What do you have to worry about? If you dig the ground and see the spring water, and build a tunnel to meet each other inside, who can say that it is wrong?" Zheng Zhuang Gong listened to Ying Kao Shu's opinion. Zhuang Gong entered the tunnel and wrote a poem: "How happy it is to meet each other in the big tunnel!" Mrs. Jiang walked out of the tunnel and wrote a poem: "How comfortable it is to walk out of the big tunnel." So mother and son were as before.
君子曰：“颍考叔，纯孝也，爱其母，施及庄公。《诗》曰‘孝子不匮，永锡尔类。’其是之谓乎！”
The gentleman said: "Uncle Yingkao is pure filial piety. He loves his mother and gives to Duke Zhuang. "Poetry" says, 'A filial son is not in need, and he will always be like you.' This is what it means!"
君子说：“颍考叔可算是真正的孝子，爱他的母亲，扩大影响到庄公。《诗》说：‘孝子的孝心没有穷尽，永远可以影响给你的同类。’说的就是这样的事情吧！”
The gentleman said: "Uncle Yingkao can be regarded as a true filial son. He loves his mother and extends his influence to Duke Zhuang. "Poetry" says: 'The filial piety of a filial son is endless and can always influence his kind.' Is this what he is talking about?"
秋，七月，天王使宰咺来归惠公、仲子之赗。缓，且子氏未薨，故名。天子七月而葬，同轨毕至；诸侯五月，同盟至；大夫三月，同位至；士踰月，外姻至。赠死不及尸，吊生不及哀，豫凶事，非礼也。
In autumn, in the seventh month, the King of Heaven sent Zaiyue to return to the throne of Hui Gong and Zhongzi. It's slow, and Zishi hasn't died yet, hence the name. The emperor is buried in the seventh month, and he will be in the same position; the princes will be in alliance in the fifth month; the official will be in the same position in the third month; and the scholar will be in the same position for more than a month. Giving away a dead body is not as good as a corpse, hanging a living person is not as good as mourning, and it is disrespectful to predict bad things.
秋季，七月，周平王派遣宰咺来赠送鲁惠公和仲子的吊丧礼品。惠公已经下葬，这是迟了，而仲子还没有死，所以《春秋》直接写了宰咺的名字。天子死了七个月后才下葬，诸侯都来参加葬礼；诸侯五个月后下葬，同盟的诸侯参加葬礼；大夫三个月后下葬，官位相同的来参加葬礼；士一个月以后下葬，亲戚参加葬礼。向死者赠送东西没有赶上下葬，向生者吊丧没有赶上举哀的时间，预先赠送有关丧事的东西，这都不合于礼。
In autumn, in the seventh month, King Ping of Zhou sent his chief minister to present mourning gifts to Duke Hui of Lu and Zhongzi. Duke Hui had already been buried, which was too late, and Zhongzi was not dead yet, so the "Spring and Autumn Annals" directly wrote Zaiyao's name. The emperor was buried seven months after his death, and all the princes came to attend the funeral; the princes were buried five months later, and allied princes attended the funeral; the officials were buried three months later, and those with the same official rank came to attend the funeral; the scholars were buried one month later, and relatives attended the funeral. It is inappropriate to present things to the deceased in time for the burial, to offer condolences to the living before the time for mourning, and to give things related to the funeral in advance.
八月，纪人伐夷。夷不告，故不书。有蜚。不为灾，亦不书。
In August, people were ordered to attack the barbarians. The barbarians will not complain, so they will not write. There is Fei. Not for disaster, nor for writing.
八月，纪国人讨伐夷国。夷国没有前来报告鲁国，所以《春秋》不加记载。发现蜚盘虫。没有造成灾害，《春秋》也不加记载。
In August, the people of Ji State attacked Yi State. The Yi State did not come to report to the Lu State, so the "Spring and Autumn Annals" did not record it. Found worms. No disaster was caused, and the Spring and Autumn Annals did not record it.
惠公之季年，败宋师于黄。公立，而求成焉。九月，及宋人盟于宿，始通也。
In the ninth year of Hui Gong's reign, he defeated the Song army in Huang. Public, but seeking success. In September, the people of the Song Dynasty allied themselves in Su, and the connection began.
鲁惠公的晚年，在黄地打败了宋国。鲁隐公即位，要求和宋人讲和。九月，和宋人在宿地结盟，两国开始友好起来。
In his later years, Duke Hui of Lu defeated Song State in Huangdi. Duke Yin of Lu came to the throne and asked for peace with the Song people. In September, he formed an alliance with the Song people in Sudi, and the two countries began to become friendly.
冬十月庚申，改葬惠公。公弗临，故不书。惠公之薨也，有宋师，太子少，葬故有阙，是以改葬。卫侯来会葬，不见公，亦不书。
In the tenth month of winter, Geng Shen was buried instead of Duke Hui. The Duke is here, so he does not write. When Hui Gong passed away, there was a Song master and a young prince, so there was no way to bury him, so he was buried in a different way. Marquis Wei came to attend the funeral, but he did not see the Duke and did not write a letter.
冬季，十月十四日，改葬鲁惠公。隐公不敢以丧主的身份到场哭泣，所以《春秋》不加记载。惠公死的时候，正好遇上和宋国打仗，太子又年幼，葬礼不完备，所以改葬。卫桓公来鲁国参加葬礼，没有见到隐公，《春秋》也不加记载。
In winter, on October 14th, Duke Hui of Lu was buried. Yin Gong did not dare to cry at the scene as the mourner, so "Spring and Autumn" did not record it. When Duke Hui died, he happened to be at war with the Song Dynasty. The prince was young and the funeral was not complete, so he was reburied. Duke Huan of Wei came to the state of Lu to attend the funeral, but he did not see Duke Yin, and there was no record of it in the Spring and Autumn Annals.
郑共叔之乱，公孙滑出奔卫。卫人为之伐郑，取廪延。郑人以王师、虢师伐卫南鄙。请师于邾。邾子使私于公子豫，豫请往，公弗许，遂行。及邾人、郑人盟于翼。不书，非公命也。
During Zheng Gongshu's rebellion, Gongsun slipped out and ran to the Wei. The Wei people attacked Zheng and captured Linyan. The Zheng people used Wang Shi and Guo Shi to attack Wei Nanbi. Please teach me in Zhu. Zhuzi sent an envoy to Prince Yu privately, and Yu invited him to go. Duke agreed, so he went ahead. The Zhu people and the Zheng people allied themselves with Yi. Not writing is not a public order.
郑国共叔段叛乱，段的儿子公孙滑逃到卫国。卫国人替他进攻郑国，占领了廪延。郑国人率领周天子的军队、虢国的军队进攻卫国南部边境，同时又请求邾国出兵。邾子派人私下和公子豫商量，公子豫请求出兵援救，隐公不允许，公子豫就自己走了，和邾国、郑国在翼地会盟。《春秋》不加记载，因为不是出于隐公的命令。
Duan, the communist uncle of Zheng State, rebelled, and Duan's son Gongsun Hua fled to Wei State. The Wei people attacked Zheng on his behalf and occupied Linyan. The people of Zheng led the army of Emperor Zhou and the army of Guo to attack the southern border of Wei State, and at the same time requested Zhu State to send troops. Zhuzi sent people to discuss with Young Master Yu privately. Young Master Yu requested to send troops for rescue, but Duke Yin did not allow it, so Young Master Yu left alone and made an alliance with Zhu and Zheng in Yidi. "Spring and Autumn" does not record it because it was not ordered by Yin Gong.
新作南门。不书，亦非公命也。
New South Gate. Not writing is not a public order.
新建南门，《春秋》不加记载，也由于不是出于隐公的命令。
The construction of the south gate was not recorded in the "Spring and Autumn Annals" because it was not ordered by Yin Gong.
十二月，祭伯来，非王命也。
In the twelfth month, it is not the king's order to offer sacrifices to the uncle.
十二月，祭伯来，并不是奉了周王的命令。
In the twelfth month, people came to offer sacrifices to their uncles, not because they were ordered by the king of Zhou.
众父卒。公不与小敛，故不书日。
All fathers died. Gong doesn't get along with Xiao Lian, so he doesn't write about the day.
众父去世，隐公没有参加以衣衾加于死者之身的小敛，所以《春秋》不记载死亡的日子。
When the fathers passed away, Yin Gong did not participate in the small ceremony of putting quilts on the deceased, so the "Spring and Autumn" does not record the day of death.
