【经】
三十有三年春王二月，秦人入滑。齐侯使国归父来聘。夏四月辛巳，晋人及姜戎败秦师于殽。癸巳，葬晋文公。狄侵齐。公伐邾，取訾娄。秋，公子遂帅师伐邾。晋人败狄于箕。冬十月，公如齐。十有二月，公至自齐。乙巳，公薨于小寝。陨霜不杀草。李梅实。晋人、陈人、郑人伐许。
In the second month of the third year of the Spring King's reign (thirty-three years), the people of Qin fell into disgrace. The Marquis of Qi sent the country back to his father to hire him. In the fourth month of Xia Xinsi, the Jin people and Jiang Rong defeated the Qin army in Confusion. Guisi, buried Duke Wen of Jin. Di invaded Qi. The public attacked Zhu and took Zilou. In autumn, the young master then commanded his army to attack Zhu. The Jin people defeated Di Yu Ji. In the tenth month of winter, the public is in full harmony. In the second month of the tenth month, the public will be in Qi. Yi Si, the Duke passed away in a small bed. Meteor frost does not kill grass. Li Meishi. People from Jin, Chen and Zheng attacked Xu.
【传】
【Biography】
三十三年春，秦师过周北门，左右免胄而下。超乘者三百乘。王孙满尚幼，观之，言于王曰：“秦师轻而无礼，必败。轻则寡谋，无礼则脱。入险而脱。又不能谋，能无败乎？”
In the spring of the thirty-third year, the Qin army passed through the northern gate of Zhou Dynasty, and went down without wearing any clothes. The one who surpasses is three hundred times. Wang Sunman, who was still young, watched and said to the king: "The Qin master is rude and rude, and he will be defeated. If he is arrogant and rude, he will escape. If he is in danger, he will escape. If he can't plan, how can he not be defeated?"
三十三年春季，秦国军队经过成周王城的北门，战车上除御者以外，车左、车右都脱去头盔下车致敬，随即跳上车去的有三百辆战车的将士。王孙满年纪还小，看到了，对周襄王说：“秦国军队不庄重又没有礼貌，一定失败。不庄重就缺少计谋，无礼貌就不严肃。进入险地而满不在乎，又不能出主意，能够不打败仗吗？”
In the spring of the thirty-third year, the Qin army passed by the north gate of Chengzhou King's City. Except for the charioteer, everyone on the left and right sides of the chariot took off their helmets and got off to pay tribute. Then they jumped on the chariot, and there were three hundred soldiers in the chariot. Wang Sunman, who was still young, saw it and said to King Zhou Xiang: "The Qin army is ungrateful and impolite, so it will definitely fail. If it is not dignified, it lacks strategy, and if it is impolite, it is not serious. If it enters a dangerous place and is indifferent, and cannot come up with ideas, how can it not lose the battle?"
及滑，郑商人弦高将市于周，遇之。以乘韦先，牛十二犒师，曰：“寡君闻吾子将步师出于敝邑，敢犒従者，不腆敝邑，为従者之淹，居则具一日之积，行则备一夕之卫。”且使遽告于郑。
When it was slipping, Zheng's merchant Xian Gao general went to the market in Zhou Dynasty and met him. Taking advantage of Wei Xian, Niu Twelve rewarded his master, saying: "I heard that my son is marching out of our city. If you dare to reward those who dare to reward you, don't be shy. If you go to the city, you will be flooded. If you stay there, you will have a day's accumulation, and if you go out, you will prepare a night's defense." He suddenly reported to Zheng.
秦军到达滑国，郑国的商人弦高准备到成周做买卖，碰到秦军，先送秦军四张熟牛皮作引礼，再送十二头牛犒劳军队，说：“寡君听说您准备行军经过敝邑，谨来犒赏您的随从。敝邑贫乏，为了您的随从在这里停留，住下就预备一天的供应，离开就准备一夜的保卫。”弦高同时又派传车紧急地向郑国报告。
When the Qin army arrived in Hua State, Xiang Gao, a merchant from Zheng State, was preparing to go to Chengzhou to do business. When he met the Qin army, he first gave the Qin army four pieces of cooked cowhide as an introduction gift, and then gave the Qin army twelve cows to reward the army. He said: "I heard that you are going to march through Hua State. I am here to reward your entourage. We are very poor. In order for your entourage to stay here, we will prepare a day's supply and a night's defense before leaving." Xian Gao also sent a messenger to report urgently to Zheng Guo.
则束载、厉兵、秣马矣。使皇武子辞焉，曰：“吾子淹久于敝邑，唯是脯资饩牵竭矣。为吾子之将行也，郑之有原圃，犹秦之有具囿也。吾子取其麋鹿以闲敝邑，若何？”杞子奔齐，逢孙、扬孙奔宋。孟明曰：“郑有备矣，不可冀也。攻之不克，围之不继，吾其还也。”灭滑而还。
Then harness the troops, strengthen the troops, and feed the horses. Emperor Wuzi said goodbye and said: "My son has been flooded for a long time in our city, but the meat and meat are all exhausted. As my son is going to go, Zheng Zhi has the original garden, just like the Qin people have the confinement. My son takes the elk to occupy the city, what will it do?" Qi Zi rushed to Qi, met his grandson, and Yangsun went to the Song Dynasty. Meng Ming said: "Zheng is well prepared. Don't count on it. If you can't attack it and encircle it, I can't fight back." He destroyed the slip and returned.
郑穆公派人去探看杞子等人的馆舍，发现他们已经装束完毕、磨利武器、喂饱马匹了。派皇武子辞谢他们，说：“大夫们久住在这里，敝邑的干肉、粮食、牲口都竭尽了。为了大夫们将要离开，郑国的有原圃，就如同秦国的有具圃，大夫们自己猎取麋鹿，使敝邑得有闲空，怎么样？”于是杞子逃到齐国，逢孙、杨孙逃到宋国。孟明说：“郑国有准备了，不能存有希望了。攻打郑国不能取胜，包围它又没有后援，我还是回去吧。”灭亡了滑国就回去。
Duke Mu of Zheng sent someone to visit the premises of Qi Zi and others, and found that they had dressed up, sharpened their weapons, and fed their horses. Emperor Wuzi was sent to express his gratitude to them, saying: "The officials have stayed here for a long time, and our city's dried meat, grain, and livestock have been exhausted. Since the officials are about to leave, Zheng's original gardens are just like Qin's gardens. How about the officials hunting elk themselves to make our city free?" So Qizi fled to Qi, and Feng Sun and Yang Sun fled to Song. Meng Ming said: "The State of Zheng is well prepared, but there is no hope. We cannot win by attacking the State of Zheng, and there is no backup to surround it. I'd better go back." After Hua was destroyed, he went back.
齐国庄子来聘，自郊劳至于赠贿，礼成而加之以敏。臧文仲言于公曰：“国子为政，齐犹有礼，君其朝焉。臣闻之，服于有礼，社稷之卫也。”
Zhuangzi of the state of Qi came to hire him, and he worked from the suburbs to giving bribes, and he was done with courtesy and sensitivity. Zang Wenzhong said to the Duke: "When the state is in charge, Qi still has etiquette, and the king is in charge of his court. When the ministers hear it, they obey the etiquette, and they are the guardians of the country."
齐国的国庄子前来聘问，从郊外迎接一直到赠礼送行，礼节周到，仪容又好。臧文仲对僖公说：“国子执政，齐国还是有礼的，君王去朝见吧！下臣听说：对有礼之邦顺服，这是国家的保障。”
Guozhuangzi of the State of Qi came to hire him. From welcoming him in the suburbs to giving him gifts and seeing him off, he was courteous and well-groomed. Zang Wenzhong said to Duke Xi: "The state of Qi is still polite when the state is in power. The king should go to court! I have heard that obeying a state of courtesy is the guarantee of the country."
晋原轸曰：“秦违蹇叔，而以贪勤民，天奉我也。奉不可失，敌不可纵。纵敌患生，违天不祥。必伐秦师。”栾枝曰：“未报秦施而伐其师，其为死君乎？”先轸曰：“秦不哀吾丧而伐吾同姓，秦则无礼，何施之为？吾闻之，一日纵敌，数世之患也。谋及子孙，可谓死君乎？”遂发命，遽兴姜戎。子墨衰绖，梁弘御戎，莱驹为右。
Jin Yuanzhen said: "Qin disobeyed Uncle Jian and was greedy and diligent for the people. Heaven has given me the favor. We must not lose our devotion and the enemy cannot indulge us. Allowing the enemy to live in harm's way is unlucky and goes against the will of Heaven. We must attack Qin's army." Luan Zhi said: "If he attacks Qin's army without repaying his favor, he will die. "What do you think of your Majesty?" Xian Zhen said, "Qin did not mourn my death but attacked my surname. Qin was rude. What should I do? If I heard about it, I would cause harm to my descendants for generations." Then he issued an order and suddenly promoted Jiang Rong. Zi Mo declined, Liang Hong led the army, and Lai Ju was on the right.
晋国的先轸说：“秦君违背蹇叔的话，由于贪婪而劳动百姓，这是上天给予我们的机会。给予的不能丢失，敌人不能放走。放走敌人，就会发生祸患；违背天意，就不吉利。一定要进攻秦国军队。”栾枝说：“没有报答秦国的恩惠而进攻它的军队，心目中还有死去的国君吗？”先轸说：“我们有丧事秦国不悲伤，反而攻打我们的同姓国家，他们就是无礼，还讲什么恩惠？我听说：‘一天放走敌人，这是几代的祸患。’为子孙后代打算，这可以有话对死去的国君说了吧！”于是就发布起兵的命令，立即动员姜戎的军队。晋襄公把丧服染成黑色，梁弘驾御战车，莱驹作为车右。
Xian Zhen of Jin said: "Qin Jun disobeyed Uncle Jian and worked the people out of greed. This is an opportunity given to us by God. What is given cannot be lost, and the enemy cannot let it go. Letting the enemy go will cause disaster; going against God's will is unlucky. You must attack the Qin army." Luan Zhi said: "The army that attacks Qin without repaying its kindness still has death in mind. Is the king going away?" Xian Zhen said: "We are not mourning the death of the Qin State, but they attack the country with the same surname. They are rude. What kind of kindness can they say? I heard: "Letting the enemy go for one day will be a disaster for generations." This is something to say to the dead king. So he issued an order to mobilize Jiang Rong's army. Duke Xiang of Jin dyed his mourning clothes black, Liang Hong drove the chariot, and Lai Ju was on the right side of the chariot.
夏四月辛巳，败秦师于殽，获百里孟明视、西乞术、白乙丙以归，遂墨以葬文公。晋于是始墨。
In the fourth month of Xia, at Xinsi, the Qin army was defeated in Confucius, and Baili Meng Mingshi, Xiqi Shu, and Bai Yibing returned home, and then Mo was buried in Wen Gong. Jin then began to write.
夏季，四月十三日，在殽山把秦国军队打得一个人不留，并且俘虏了三个指挥官百里孟明视、西乞术、白乙丙而回去。于是就穿着黑色的丧服来安葬晋文公。晋国从此开始使用黑色丧服。
In the summer, on April 13, they defeated the Qin army in Miaoshan until no one was left alive, and captured three commanders, Baili Mengmingshi, Xiqishu, and Bai Yibing, and returned. So he wore black mourning clothes to bury Duke Wen of Jin. From then on, the Jin Dynasty began to use black mourning clothes.
文嬴请三帅，曰：“彼实构吾二君，寡君若得而食之，不厌，君何辱讨焉！使归就戮于秦，以逞寡君之志，若何？”公许之，先轸朝。问秦囚。公曰：“夫人请之，吾舍之矣。”先轸怒曰：“武夫力而拘诸原，妇人暂而免诸国。堕军实而长寇仇，亡无日矣。”不顾而唾。公使阳处父追之，及诸河，则在舟中矣。释左骖，以公命赠孟明。孟明稽首曰：“君之惠，不以累臣衅鼓，使归就戮于秦，寡君之以为戮，死且不朽。若従君惠而免之，三年将拜君赐。”
Wen Ying invited the three commanders and said: "He is my two princes. If I get it and eat it, I won't be tired of it. How can I humiliate you? What if I return to Qin and kill him to fulfill my ambition?" The public agreed and went to the court first. Ask Qin prisoner. The duke said: "Madam, please ask for it, I will give it up." Xian Zhen said angrily: "The warriors are strong enough to restrain all the plains, and the women are temporarily exempted from the countries. If the army is defeated and the enemies are long-lasting, there will be no day for death." He ignored it and spat. The father of Yang Chu, the Duke, chased him, and when he reached the rivers, he was in the boat. Released Zuo Chen and presented it to Meng Ming with public orders. Meng Mingji said: "The king's favor is not to provoke the ministers, but to kill the Qin when they return. If the king wants to kill him, he will die and be immortal. If you are free from the king's favor, I will pay tribute to you in three years."
文嬴请求把三位指挥官释放回国，说：“他们挑拨我们两国国君，寡君如果抓到他们，吃他们的肉还不能满足，何必劳君王去讨伐呢？让他们回到秦国受诛杀，以使寡君快意，怎么样？”晋襄公答应了。先轸上朝，问起秦国的囚犯，晋襄公说：“母亲代他们提出请求，我就放走他们了。”先轸生气地说：“武人花力气在战场上逮住他们，女人说几句谎话就把他们在国内放了，毁弃了战果而长了敌人的志气，晋国快要灭亡了！”先轸不顾襄公在面前就在地上吐唾沫。晋襄公派阳处父追赶放走的三个人，追到黄河边上，他们已经上船了。阳处父解下车左边的骖马，用晋襄公的名义赠送给他们。孟明叩头说：“承蒙君王的恩惠，不用被囚之臣来祭鼓，让我们回到秦国去受诛戮，寡君如果杀了我们，死了以后名声不朽，如果依从君王的恩惠而赦免了我们，三年之后将要拜谢君王恩赐。”
Wen Ying asked for the three commanders to be released back to the country, saying: "They provoked the monarchs of our two countries. If I catch them, I will not be satisfied by eating their meat, so why bother the king to attack them? How about letting them return to Qin and be killed to make me happy?" Duke Xiang of Jin agreed. Xian Zhen went to court and asked about the prisoners of Qin. Duke Xiang of Jin said: "My mother made a request on their behalf, so I let them go." Xian Zhen said angrily: "The warriors spent all their efforts to catch them on the battlefield, but the women let them go at home after telling a few lies. This ruined the results of the war and strengthened the enemy's ambition. Jin State is about to perish!" Xian Zhen ignored Duke Xiang and spat on the ground in front of him. Duke Xianggong of Jin sent Yang Chufu to chase the three men who had been let go. They chased them to the edge of the Yellow River and found them on board the boat. Yang Chufu untied the stallion on the left side of the car and presented it to them in the name of Jin Xianggong. Meng Ming kowtowed and said: "Thanks to the king's favor, there is no need for the imprisoned ministers to come to worship the drum. Let us return to the Qin State to be executed. If the king kills us, our reputation will be immortal after our death. If we obey the king's favor and pardon us, we will thank the king for his gift three years later."
秦伯素服郊次，乡师而哭曰：“孤违蹇叔以辱二三子，孤之罪也。不替孟明，孤之过也。大夫何罪？且吾不以一眚掩大德。”
When Uncle Qin served in the suburbs, the local teacher cried and said: "It is Gu's fault to disobey Uncle Jian and humiliate his two or three sons. It is Gu's fault if he does not stand for Meng Ming. What's the crime of the doctor? And I will not cover up my great virtue with a single glance."
秦穆公穿着素服住在郊外，对着被释放回来的将士号哭，说：“我没有听蹇叔的话，使你们几位受到侮辱，这是我的罪过。不撤回孟明的驻军，这也是我的过错，你们三位有什么罪？而且我不能用一次的过错来掩盖大德。”
Duke Mu of Qin lived in the suburbs in plain clothes. He cried to the soldiers who had been released and said, "I did not listen to Uncle Jian and insulted you. This is my fault. It is also my fault that I did not withdraw Meng Ming's garrison. What crime do you three have? And I can't cover up my great virtue with one mistake."
狄侵齐，因晋丧也。
Di invaded Qi because of the mourning of Jin.
狄人入侵齐国，因为晋国有丧事，不能顾及派兵支援齐国。
The Di people invaded the Qi State. Because there was a funeral in the Jin State, they could not send troops to support the Qi State.
公伐邾，取訾娄，以报升陉之役。邾人不设备。秋，襄仲复伐邾。
The public attacked Zhu and captured Zilou in retaliation for the battle of Shengxing. Zhu people are not equipped. In autumn, Xiangzhong attacked Zhu again.
僖公进攻邾国，占取了訾娄，以报复升陉这一战役。邾国没有设防，秋季，襄仲再一次攻打邾国。
Duke Xi attacked the state of Zhu and captured Zilou in retaliation for the battle at Shengxing. The Zhu State was undefended. In autumn, Xiangzhong attacked the Zhu State again.
狄伐晋，及箕。八月戊子，晋侯败狄于箕。郤缺获白狄子。先轸曰：“匹夫逞志于君而无讨，敢不自讨乎？”免胄入狄师，死焉。狄人归其元，面如生。
Di defeated Jin and Ji. In the eighth month of Wuzi, the Marquis of Jin defeated Di Yuji. But he lacked Bai Dizi. Xian Zhen said: "A common man is determined to be king but does not want to retaliate. How dare he not retaliate against himself?" The Di people returned to their original state, and their faces were as if they were alive.
狄军攻打晋国，到达箕地。八月二十二日，晋襄公在箕地打败狄军。郤缺俘虏了白狄子。先轸说：“一个普通人在国君面前放肆而没有受惩罚，哪里敢不自己惩罚自己？”先轸脱下头盔冲入狄军中，死在战阵上。狄人送回他的脑袋，面色像活着一样。
The Di army attacked Jin and reached Jidi. On August 22, Duke Xianggang of Jin defeated the Di army in Jidi. Queque captured Bai Dizi. Xian Zhen said: "How can an ordinary person dare to act arrogantly in front of the king without being punished and not punish himself?" Xian Zhen took off his helmet and rushed into the Di army, and died on the battlefield. Di Ren sent his head back, his face looked like he was alive.
初，臼季使过冀，见冀缺耨（nòu），其妻盍之。敬，相待如宾。与之归，言诸文公曰：“敬，德之聚也。能敬必有德，德以治民，君请用之。臣闻之，出门如宾，承事如祭，仁之则也。”公曰：“其父有罪，可乎？”对曰：“舜之罪也殛鲧，其举也兴禹。管敬仲，桓之贼也，实相以济。《康诰》曰：‘父不慈，子不祗，兄不友，弟不共，不相及也。’《诗》曰：‘采葑（fēng）采菲，无以下体。’君取节焉可也。”文公以为下军大夫。反自箕，襄公以三命命先且居将中军，以再命命先茅之县赏胥臣曰：“举郤缺，子之功也。”以一命命郤缺为卿，复与之冀，亦未有军行。
At the beginning of the year, Jiu Ji's envoy passed by Ji and saw that Ji was missing a man (nòu), and his wife took care of him. Respect, treat each other like guests. Returning with him, he said to Zhu Wengong: "Respect is the gathering of virtues. If you can be respectful, you must have virtues. Virtue can govern the people. Please use it. When ministers hear this, they should treat themselves as guests when they go out, and accept things like sacrifices. This is benevolence." The Duke said: "His father is guilty, is it true?" He said to him: "Shun's crime also killed Gun, and his actions also promoted Yu. "Guan Jingzhong, Huan's thief, is the real one." "Kang Gao" said: "The father is not kind, the son is not loyal, the brothers are not friendly, and the brothers are not in harmony." "Poetry" said: "Cai Feng (fēng), there is no way to do it." "How can you choose to be a military officer?" On the contrary, Duke Xiang ordered three orders to be the first to rank among the generals. He then ordered the first order to reward his subordinates in the county and said: "It is the son's merit that he was promoted but was missing." He took one life but was missing as a minister and returned to Ji, but there was no military march.
当初，臼季出使，经过冀国，看到冀缺在锄田除草，他妻子给他送饭，很恭敬，彼此像待客人一样。臼季和冀缺一起回到国都，对文公说：“恭敬，是德行的集中表现。能够恭敬，就必定有德行。德行用来治理百姓，请君王任用他。臣听说：‘出门好像会见宾客，承担事情好像参加祭祀，这是仁爱的准则。’”晋文公说：“他的父亲冀芮有罪，可以吗？”臼季回答：“舜惩办罪人，流放了鲧，他举拔人材却起用鲧的儿子禹。管敬仲是桓公的敌人，任命他为相而得到成功。《康诰》说：‘父亲不慈爱，儿子不诚敬，哥哥不友爱，弟弟不恭敬，这是与别人无关的。’《诗》说：‘采蔓菁，采萝卜，不要把它下部当废料。’您挑用他的好的地方就可以了。”晋文公让冀缺担任下军大夫。从箕地回来，晋襄公用诸侯大臣中的最高级别命令先且居率领中军，用次等级别命令把先茅的县赏给胥臣，说：“推举郤缺，是你的功劳。”用三等级别命令郤缺做卿，再给他冀地，但是没有军职。
At the beginning, Ji Que was sent as an envoy and passed through the country of Ji. He saw Ji Que working in the fields and weeding. His wife brought him food. They were very respectful and treated each other like guests. Uji and Ji Que returned to the capital together and said to Duke Wen: "Respect is the concentrated expression of virtue. If you can be respectful, you must have virtue. Virtue is used to govern the people. Please appoint him. I heard: 'Come out It is the principle of benevolence to attend a meeting with guests and attend a ceremony." Jin Wengong said, "His father Ji Rui was guilty. Is that okay?" Uji replied, "Shun punished the sinner and exiled Gun." , he recruited Gun's son Yu instead. Guan Jingzhong was Huan Gong's enemy, and he succeeded by appointing him as prime minister. "Kang Gao" said: "The father is not kind, the son is not sincere, the elder brother is not friendly, and the younger brother is disrespectful." "Jing, this has nothing to do with others." "Poetry" said: "Pick manjing, pick radish, don't use its lower part as waste." Jin Wengong appointed Ji Que as a military official. Returning from Jidi, Duke Xianggang of Jin used the highest-level command among the princes and ministers to lead the central army. He used the second-level command to reward the first counties to his subordinates, saying: "It is your credit that he was promoted but was lacking."
冬，公如齐，朝，且吊有狄师也。反，薨于小寝，即安也。
In winter, the public is like Qi, and in the court, there is also Di Shi. On the contrary, it is safe to die in a small sleep.
冬季，僖公到齐国朝见，同时对狄人进攻这件事表示慰问。回国，死在休息室里，是因为贪图安逸的缘故。
In winter, Duke Xi went to Qi to pay homage to the people of Qi, and at the same time expressed condolences to the Di people for their attack. He returned home and died in the lounge because he was greedy for comfort.
晋、陈、郑伐许，讨其贰于楚也。
Jin, Chen, and Zheng attacked Xu and brought him to Chu.
晋国、陈国、郑国进攻许国，惩罚它倾向楚国。
Jin, Chen, and Zheng attacked Xu and punished it for leaning toward Chu.
楚令尹子上侵陈、蔡。陈、蔡成，遂伐郑，将纳公子瑕，门于桔柣（jú dié，郑国国门之名）之门。瑕覆于周氏之汪，外仆髡屯禽之以献。文夫人敛而葬之郐城之下。
Chu ordered Yin Zi to invade Chen and Cai. Chen and Cai Cheng then attacked Zheng, and their general Na Gongzi Xia entered the gate of Jue (jú dié, the name of the gate of Zheng State). The flaw covered the Zhou family's palace, and the servants from outside Kun gathered the birds to offer them. Mrs. Wen collected and buried her under the city of Xi.
楚国令尹子上攻打陈国、蔡国。陈国、蔡国和楚国讲和，又进攻郑国，准备把公子瑕送回去做国君。在桔秩之门攻城，公子瑕的战车翻倒在周氏的池塘中，外边的仆人髠抓住了他献给郑文公。文公夫人为他殡敛而安葬在郐城下。
Chu State ordered Yin Zi to go up to attack Chen State and Cai State. The states of Chen and Cai made peace with the state of Chu, and then attacked the state of Zheng, preparing to send Gongzi Xia back to be the king. During the siege at Juzhi Gate, Gongzi Xia's chariot overturned in Zhou's pond. The servant outside captured him and presented it to Zheng Wengong. Mrs. Wen Gong buried him under Xicheng.
晋阳处父侵蔡，楚子上救之，与晋师夹泜而军。阳子患之，使谓子上曰：“吾闻之，文不犯顺，武不违敌。子若欲战，则吾退舍，子济而陈，迟速唯命，不然纾我。老师费财，亦无益也。”乃驾以待。子上欲涉，大孙伯曰：“不可。晋人无信，半涉而薄我，悔败何及，不如纾之。”乃退舍。阳子宣言曰：“楚师遁矣。”遂归。楚师亦归。大子商臣谮子上曰：“受晋赂而辟之，楚之耻也，罪莫大焉。”王杀子上。
When Chufu of Jinyang invaded Cai, Chuzi came to rescue him and joined forces with the Jin army. Yang Zi was troubled by this, and the envoy said to Zi Shang: "I heard that writing does not violate obedience, and martial arts does not disobey the enemy. If you want to fight, I will retreat, and I will help you. I am slow and quick, but I am ordered, otherwise I will be saved. It is useless for the teacher to spend money." So he waited. The son wanted to get involved, but the eldest grandson said: "No. The Jin people are untrustworthy, and they are half-involved and treat me poorly. How can I regret defeat? It is better to relieve him." So he retreated. Yangzi declared: "Master Chu has escaped." Then he returned. Master Chu also returned. The eldest son, Shang Chen, said to his son, "It is a shame for Chu to conquer it after being bribed by Jin. It is a great crime." The king killed his son and went up.
晋国的阳处父入侵蔡国，楚国的子上前去救援，和晋军夹着泜水对峙。阳处父担心，派人对子上说：“我听说：‘文的不能触犯顺理的人，武的不能躲避仇敌之辈。’您如果想打，那么我就后退三十里，您渡河再摆开阵势，早打晚打听您的。不这样，让我缓口气，军士劳累，费钱财，也没有什么好处。”于是就驾上马车等着他。子上想要渡河，大孙伯说：“不行。晋国人不讲信用，如果乘我们渡过一半而迫击我们，那时战败而后悔，哪里还来得及？不如让他们缓口气。”于是就后退三十里。阳子宣布说：“楚国军队逃走了。”就回国去了。楚国军队也就回国。太子商臣诬告子上说：“子上接受了晋国的贿赂而躲避他们，这是楚国的耻辱。罪没有比这再大的了。”楚成王杀死了子上。
Yang Chufu of the Jin State invaded the State of Cai. The sons of the Chu State went to the rescue and confronted the Jin army across the river. Yang Chufu was worried, so he sent someone to tell his son: "I heard: 'The civilized man cannot offend the reasonable people, and the military man cannot hide from the enemy.' If you want to fight, then I will retreat thirty miles, and you can cross the river and set up the battle, and fight early in the morning and late in the evening to inquire about you. Otherwise, let me take a breath. The soldiers will be tired and waste money, and there will be no good." So he got on the carriage and waited for him. Zishang wanted to cross the river, but the eldest grandson said: "No. The people of Jin are not trustworthy. If they attack us while we are halfway across, it will be too late to regret our defeat. It is better to let them take a breath." So he retreated thirty miles. Yangzi announced: "The Chu army has escaped." Then he returned to his country. The Chu army also returned home. The prince's business ministers falsely accused Zishang and said: "Zishang accepted the bribe from Jin and avoided them. This is the shame of Chu. There is no greater crime than this." King Cheng of Chu killed Zishang.
葬僖公，缓作主，非礼也。凡君薨，卒哭而祔，祔而作主，特祀于主，烝尝禘于庙。
It is indecent to bury Duke Xi and to slow down the decision. When a king dies, his nephew will weep and he will be the master. He will be worshiped specially by the master and will be worshiped in the temple.
安葬僖公，没有及时制作神主牌位，这是不合于礼的。凡国君死去，安葬后十多天停止了不定时的号哭，就把死者的神主附祭于祖庙，附祭就要制作神主牌位，单独向新死者的神主祭祀，烝祭、尝祭、禘祭就在祖庙中连同其他祖先一起祭祀。
It was not in line with etiquette to bury Duke Xi without making a memorial tablet in time. When a monarch dies and the irregular crying stops more than ten days after the burial, the deceased's god is sacrificed to the ancestral temple. The sacrifice involves making a tablet of the god and offering sacrifices to the newly deceased god separately.
