襄公(元年~三十一年) 襄公十一年(前562年)

类别:史部 作者:左丘明 书名:春秋左传

    【经】
【经】

    十有一年春王正月,作三军。夏四月,四卜郊,不従,乃不郊。郑公孙舍之帅师侵宋。公会晋侯、宋公、卫侯、曹伯、齐世子光、莒子、邾子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子伐郑。秋七月己未,同盟于亳城北。公至自伐郑。楚子、郑伯伐宋。公会晋侯、宋公、卫侯、曹伯、齐世子光、莒子、邾子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子伐郑,会于萧鱼。公至自会。楚执郑行人良霄。冬,秦人伐晋。
In the first month of the tenth year of the Spring King, he will organize the three armies. In the fourth month of summer, there are suburbs all around. If you don’t want to go out, you won’t find suburbs. Zheng Gongsunshe's commander invaded the Song Dynasty. The Duke of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, Cao Bo, Qi Shizi Guang, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, Teng Zi, Xue Bo, Qi Bo and Xiao Zhuzi attacked Zheng. At the end of the seventh month of autumn, the alliance was in the north of Bo City. When the Duke arrives, he attacks Zheng. Chu Zi and Zheng Bo attacked the Song Dynasty. The Duke of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, Cao Bo, Qi Shizi Guang, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, Teng Zi, Xue Bo, Qi Bo and Xiao Zhuzi attacked Zheng and met at Xiao Yu. From the public to the meeting. Chu Zhengxingren Liangxiao. In winter, the Qin people attacked Jin.

    【传】
【Biography】

    十一年春,季武子将作三军,告叔孙穆子曰:“请为三军,各征其军。”穆子曰:“政将及子,子必不能。”武子固请之,穆子曰:“然则盟诸?”乃盟诸僖闳,诅诸五父之衢。
In the spring of the eleventh year, Ji Wuzi was about to form three armies, and he told his uncle and grandson Muzi: "Please form the three armies, and each of them must recruit his own troops." Muzi said: "The political generals are as good as the son, but the son will not be able to do so." Wuzi insisted on inviting him, and Muzi said: "How about an alliance with them?" He then allied with Xihong, and cursed the roads of the five fathers.

    十一年春季,季武子准备编定三个军,告诉叔孙穆子说:“请编三个军,每家管一个军。”叔孙穆子说:“政权将要轮到您执掌,您一定办不好的。”季武子坚决请求,叔孙穆子说:“那么结个盟吧。”于是就在僖公宗庙门口订立盟约,在五父之衢发誓。
In the spring of the eleventh year, Ji Wuzi was about to organize three armies and told his uncle and grandson Muzi: "Please organize three armies, and each family will take charge of one army." Uncle and grandson Muzi said: "It will be your turn to take charge of the political power. You will definitely not be able to handle it well."

    正月,作三军,三分公室而各有其一。三子各毁其乘。李氏使其乘之人,以其役邑入者,无征;不入者,倍征。孟氏使半为臣,若子若弟。叔孙氏使尽为臣,不然,不舍。
In the first month, there are three armies, three offices and one for each. Each of the three sons destroyed his vehicle. The people Li ordered to take advantage of, and those who entered the city with their servitude, were not subject to levies; those who did not enter, the levies were doubled. Meng's envoys serve as ministers, as if they were sons and younger brothers. The Shusun family will do their best to serve as ministers, otherwise they will not give up.

    正月,编定三个军,把公室的军队一分为三,而各家掌握一军。三家各自把原有私家车兵合并,季氏让他私人武装中的成员参加军队的免除征税,不参加的人加倍征税。孟氏让他的私邑士兵中的一半,或子或弟做奴隶兵。叔孙氏仍然把他私邑士兵全编为奴隶兵,不这样,就不并入所分的公室军队里。
In the first month, three armies were organized, and the army of the public office was divided into three, and each family controlled one army. Each of the three families merged their original private chariots and soldiers. Ji allowed members of his private army to participate in the army to be exempted from taxation, and those who did not participate were taxed double. Meng made half of his private soldiers, their sons or brothers, slave soldiers. Uncle Sun still classified all his private soldiers as slave soldiers. Otherwise, they would not be integrated into the public army.

    郑人患晋、楚之故,诸大夫曰:“不従晋,国几亡。楚弱于晋,晋不吾疾也。晋疾,楚将辟之。何为而使晋师致死于我,楚弗敢敌,而后可固与也。”子展曰:“与宋为恶,诸侯必至,吾従之盟。楚师至,吾又従之,则晋怒甚矣。晋能骤来,楚将不能,吾乃固与晋。”大夫说之,使疆埸之司恶于宋。宋向戌侵郑,大获。子展曰:“师而伐宋可矣。若我伐宋,诸侯之伐我必疾,吾乃听命焉,且告于楚。楚师至,吾又与之盟,而重赂晋师,乃免矣。”夏,郑子展侵宋。
Because the people of Zheng suffered from Jin and Chu, the officials said: "If you don't side with Jin, the country will be destroyed. Chu is weaker than Jin, so Jin is not sick of me. Jin is sick, and Chu will fight against it. Why do you want Jin troops to kill me? If Chu doesn't dare to attack, then we can solidly fight with him." Zizhan said: "If we are against the Song Dynasty, the princes will come, and we will make an alliance. If the Chu army comes, and I will do it again, the Jin Dynasty will be very angry. Jin can come suddenly, but the Chu generals cannot, so I will stick to the Jin Dynasty." The doctor said this, and made the governor of the border area evil to the Song Dynasty. Song Xiangxu invaded Zheng and made great gains. Zizhan said: "It is enough to attack the Song Dynasty. If I attack the Song Dynasty, I will be sick if the princes attack me. I will obey the order and tell the Chu army. When the Chu army arrives, I will make an alliance with the army and bribe the Jin army heavily, so I will avoid it." In the Xia Dynasty, Zheng Zizhan invaded the Song Dynasty.

    郑国人担心晋国和楚国,大夫们说:“不顺从晋国,国家几乎灭亡。楚国比晋国弱,而晋国并不急于争夺我国。如果晋国急于争夺我国,楚国会避开他们的。怎么才能让晋军出死力攻打我们,楚国就不敢抵挡,然后才能够坚决依附晋国。”子展说:“向宋国挑衅,诸侯必然来到,我们跟从他们结盟。楚军来到,我们又跟从楚国,这样晋国就更要生气了。晋国如果能不断地前来,楚国将会不能抵挡,我们就坚决依附晋国。”大夫们对这计划表示高兴,派边境的官吏向宋国挑衅。宋国的向戌入侵郑国,俘获甚多。子展说:“可以出兵攻打宋国了。如果我们进攻宋国,诸侯进攻我们必然努力攻击。我们就听从命令,同时报告楚国。楚军来到,我们就和他们结盟而又重重地贿赂晋军,就可以免于祸患了。”夏季,郑国的子展率军入侵宋国。
The people of Zheng were worried about Jin and Chu. The officials said: "If you don't obey Jin, the country will almost perish. Chu is weaker than Jin, and Jin is not eager to compete for our country. If Jin is eager to compete for our country, Chu will avoid them. How can we make the Jin army attack us with all its strength, so that Chu will not dare to resist, and then we can resolutely rely on Jin." Zizhan said: "If we challenge the Song State, the princes will definitely come, and we will form an alliance with them. When the Chu army comes, we will follow the Chu State, which will make the Jin State even more angry. If the Jin State can continue to come, the Chu State will be unable to resist, and we will resolutely adhere to the Jin State." The officials were happy with this plan and sent border officials to provoke the Song State. Xiang Xu of Song State invaded Zheng State and captured many people. Zizhan said: "We can send troops to attack Song. If we attack Song, the princes will attack us hard. We will obey the order and report to Chu at the same time. When the Chu army comes, we will form an alliance with them and bribe the Jin army heavily, so that we can avoid disaster." In summer, Zizhan of Zheng led his army to invade Song.

    四月,诸侯伐郑。己亥,齐大子光、宋向戌先至于郑,门于东门。其莫,晋荀罃至于西郊,东侵旧许。卫孙林父侵其北鄙。六月,诸侯会于北林,师于向,右还,次于琐,围郑。观兵于南门,西济于济隧。郑人惧,乃行成。
In April, the princes attacked Zheng. In Jihai, Qi eldest son Guang and Song Xiangxu arrived at Zheng first and opened at the east gate. Rather, Xun Feng of the Jin Dynasty reached the western suburbs and invaded Jiuxu from the east. Wei Sunlin's father invaded his northern area. In the sixth month, the princes gathered in Beilin, marched to Xiang, returned to the right, followed Suo, and surrounded Zheng. Observe the troops at the south gate and help at the tunnel to the west. Zheng people are afraid, but they do it.

    四月,诸侯联军进攻郑国。十九日,齐国太子光、宋国向戌先到达郑国,驻军在东门外。当天晚上,晋国荀罃到达西郊,往东进攻许国的旧地。卫国孙林父进攻郑国的北部边境。六月,诸侯在北林会见,军队驻扎在向地。又转向西北,驻扎在琐地。包围郑国,在南门外显示军力。又有军队从西边渡过济隧。郑国人畏惧,就向诸侯求和。
In April, the princes allied forces attacked Zheng Guo. On the 19th, Prince Guang of Qi and Xiangxu of Song arrived in Zheng first and stationed their troops outside the east gate. That night, Xun Feng of Jin State arrived in the western suburbs and headed east to attack Xu State's old territory. Sun Linfu of Wei State attacked the northern border of Zheng State. In June, the princes met in Beilin and the army was stationed in Xiangdi. Then he turned northwest and stationed himself in Suodi. Surrounded Zheng Guo and showed military strength outside the south gate. Another army crossed the Jitunnel from the west. The people of Zheng were afraid and asked the princes for peace.

    秋七月,同盟于亳。范宣子曰:“不慎,必失诸侯。诸侯道敝而无成,能无贰乎?”乃盟,载书曰:“凡我同盟,毋蕴年,毋壅利,毋保奸,毋留慝,救灾患,恤祸乱,同好恶,奖王室。或间兹命,司慎司盟,名山名川,群神群祀,先王先公,七姓十二国之祖,明神殛之,俾失其民,队命亡氏,踣(bó,跌倒,倒毙)其国家。”
In the seventh month of autumn, the alliance was established in Bo. Fan Xuanzi said: "If you are not careful, you will lose the princes. How can the princes be without success because of their poor ways?" Nai Mian wrote a book saying: "Whenever we make alliances, we must not accumulate years, do not block profits, do not protect traitors, do not retain friends, relieve disasters, sympathize with disasters, and share the same likes and dislikes. , to reward the royal family. Or it is ordered that Si Shen Si Alliance, famous mountains and famous rivers, worshiped by many gods and ancestors, the ancestors of seven surnames and twelve kingdoms, be killed by the gods, so that their people will be killed, and their clans will be killed, and their country will be killed. "

    秋季,七月,各诸侯和郑国在毫地结盟。范宣子说:“如果盟辞不谨慎,必然失去诸侯。诸侯来往疲乏而没有得到成功,能够没有二心吗?”于是就盟誓。盟书说:“凡是我们同盟国家,不要囤积粮食,不要垄断利益,不要庇护罪人,不要收留坏人。救济灾荒,安定祸患,统一好恶,辅助王室。有人触犯这些命令,司慎、司盟的神,名山、名川的神,各种天神,先王、先公,七姓十二国的祖宗,明察的神灵诛戮他,使他失去百姓,丧君灭族,灭国亡家。”
In autumn, in the seventh month, all the princes and the state of Zheng formed an alliance at Haodi. Fan Xuanzi said: "If the terms of the alliance are not careful, the princes will definitely be lost. The princes are tired of coming and going and have no success. How can they not have two minds?" So they made an oath. The alliance letter said: "In all our allied countries, do not hoard food, do not monopolize profits, do not protect sinners, and do not shelter bad people. Relieve famines, pacify disasters, unify likes and dislikes, and assist the royal family. If anyone violates these orders, Sishen, the gods of Simeng, the gods of famous mountains and rivers, various gods, ancestors of kings, ancestors, and ancestors of seven surnames and twelve countries will be killed by the wise gods, causing them to lose their people, lose their kings, destroy their clans, and destroy their countries and families."

    楚子囊乞旅于秦,秦右大夫詹帅师従楚子,将以伐郑。郑伯逆之。丙子,伐宋。
Chu Zi Nang begged to travel to Qin. Qin's right official Zhan Shuaishi came to Chu Zi and planned to attack Zheng. Zheng Bo rebelled. Bingzi, attacked the Song Dynasty.

    楚国的子囊向秦国请求出兵,秦国的右大夫詹率领军队跟随楚共王,由楚王率领进攻郑国。郑简公前去迎接表示顺服。七月二十七日,进攻宋国。
The son-in-law of Chu State asked Qin State to send troops. Qin State's right official Zhan led the army to follow the King of the Communist Party of Chu, and the King of Chu led the attack on Zheng State. Duke Jiang of Zheng went to greet him and expressed his submission. On July 27, they attacked the Song Dynasty.

    九月,诸侯悉师以复伐郑。郑人使良霄、大宰石輟如楚,告将服于晋,曰:“孤以社稷之故,不能怀君。君若能以玉帛绥晋,不然则武震以摄威之,孤之愿也。”楚人执之,书曰“行人”,言使人也。
In September, all the princes mobilized to attack Zheng again. The people of Zheng sent Liangxiao and Da Zaishi to Chu, and told the generals to submit to the Jin, saying: "I cannot conceive the king because of the country. If the king can wear jade and silk to Sui Jin, otherwise the force will shock him to capture his power, so I wish." The people of Chu took it and wrote "Xingren", which means to envoy people.

    九月,诸侯用全部兵力再次进攻郑国,郑国人派良霄、太宰石chuò[“免”字之“儿”换为“比”。一种似兔而大的青色小兽]去到楚国,告诉说准备对晋国顺服,说:“孤由于国家的缘故,不能怀念君王了。君王如果能够用玉帛安抚晋国,不这样,那就用武力对他们加以威慑,这都是我的愿望。”楚国人囚禁了他们。《春秋》记载说“行人”,这是说他们是使者“不应该有罪”的意思。
In September, the princes used all their forces to attack Zheng again. The people of Zheng sent Liangxiao and Dazai Shichuò [the word "er" in the word "free" was replaced by "bi"). A small green beast as big as a rabbit] went to the Chu State and told them that they were ready to submit to the Jin State, saying: "Because of the country, I cannot miss the king. If the king can appease the Jin State with jade and silk, if not, then use force to deter them, this is my wish." The Chu people imprisoned them. "Spring and Autumn" records say "Pedestrians", which means that they are messengers and "should not be guilty".

    诸侯之师观兵于郑东门,郑人使王子伯骈行成。甲戌,晋赵武入盟郑伯。冬十月丁亥,郑子展出盟晋侯。十二月戊寅,会于萧鱼。庚辰,赦郑囚,皆礼而归之。纳斥候,禁侵掠。晋侯使叔肸告于诸侯。公使臧孙纥对曰:“凡我同盟,小国有罪,大国致讨,苟有以藉手,鲜不赦宥。寡君闻命矣。”
The armies of the princes watched the troops at the east gate of Zheng, and the people of Zheng sent Prince Bo Pian to march. During Jiaxu, Jin and Zhao Wu joined the alliance with Zheng Bo. In the tenth month of winter, Ding Hai, Zheng Zi showed his alliance with the Marquis of Jin. In December, Wuyin, I met Xiao Yu. Gengchen pardoned Zheng's prisoners and returned with courtesy. Accept scouts and prohibit invasion and plunder. The Marquis of Jin sent his uncle to inform the princes. The envoy Zang Sunhe said to him: "Every time we join forces with a small country, the small country is guilty, and the big country is punished, and if it can be used as a borrowing hand, it will rarely be forgiven. I have heard my order."

    诸侯联军在东门外示威,郑国人派王子伯骈求和。九月二十六日,晋国的赵武进入郑国和郑简公结盟。冬季十月初九日,郑国的子展出城和晋悼公结盟。十二月初一日,在萧鱼会见。初三日,赦免郑国的俘虏,都给以礼遇放回去。收回巡逻兵,禁止掠夺。晋悼公派叔肸通告诸侯。鲁襄公派臧孙纥回答说:“凡是我们同盟国家,小国有了罪过,大国派兵讨伐,如果稍有所得,很少对小国不加赦免的,寡君听到命令了。”
The allied forces of the princes demonstrated outside the east gate, and the people of Zheng sent Prince Bo Pian to sue for peace. On September 26, Zhao Wu of Jin State entered Zheng State and formed an alliance with Zheng Jiangong. On the ninth day of the tenth month in winter, Zhan Zhan, the son of Zheng, formed an alliance with Duke Ao of Jin. On the first day of December, we met in Xiaoyu. On the third day of the lunar month, the prisoners of Zheng were pardoned and sent back with courtesy. The patrols were withdrawn and plundering was prohibited. The Duke of Jin sent his uncle to inform the princes. Lu Xianggong sent Zang Sunhe to reply: "Whenever a small country in our alliance commits a crime and a big country sends troops to attack it, if there is some gain, it is rare that the small country will not be pardoned. I have heard the order."

    郑人赂晋侯以师悝、师触、师蠲,广车、軘车淳十五乘,甲兵备,凡兵车百乘,歌钟二肆,及其鏄磐,女乐二八。晋侯以乐之半赐魏绛,曰:“子教寡人和诸戎狄,以正诸华。八年之中,九合诸侯,如乐之和,无所不谐。请与子乐之。”辞曰:“夫和戎狄,国之福也;八年之中,九合诸侯,诸侯无慝,君之灵也,二三子之劳也,臣何力之有焉?抑臣愿君安其乐而思其终也!《诗》曰:‘乐只君子,殿天子之邦。乐只君子,福禄攸同。便蕃左右,亦是帅従。’夫乐以安德,义以处之,礼以行之,信以守之,仁以厉之,而后可以殿邦国,同福禄,来远人,所谓乐也。《书》曰:‘居安思危。’思则有备,有备无患,敢以此规。”公曰:“子之教,敢不承命。抑微子,寡人无以待戎,不能济河。夫赏,国之典也,藏在盟府,不可废也,子其受之!”魏绛于是乎始有金石之乐,礼也。
The people of Zheng bribed the Marquis of Jin with their divisions Kui, Chu, and Jue, fifteen chariots and chariots, armored troops, a hundred chariots, two bells, four bells, and pans, and twenty-eight female musicians. The Marquis of Jin gave Wei Jiang half of the music, and said: "You taught the widow and the Rongdi to rectify all the splendors. In eight years, nine princes have joined together, and there is no discord. Please enjoy it with me." The words said: "The husband and the Rongdi are the blessing of the country; in eight years, nine The princes have no ambitions, and the king's spirit is also the work of the two and three sons. How can I do it? I hope that the king will be happy and think about it until the end! "Poetry" says: "The king is happy, and the emperor's kingdom is the same." This is the commander-in-chief. "If you live in peace, you must be righteous, behave with propriety, keep faith, and be benevolent. Then you can be in a good state, enjoy good fortune, and have people from far away. This is what the Book of Records says: "Be prepared for danger when you are in peace. Dare to follow this rule." The Duke said: "I dare not accept my order. I have nothing to do with the enemy, and I can't help the river. The country's code is hidden in the alliance, and it cannot be abolished." Wei Jiang began to have the joy of gold and stone.

    郑国人赠给晋悼公师悝、师触、师蠲;配对的广车、軘车各十五辆,盔甲武器齐备,和其他战车一共一百辆;歌钟两架以及和它相配的鎛和磬;女乐两佾十六人。晋悼公把乐队的一半赐给魏绛,说:“您教寡人同各部落戎狄讲和以整顿中原诸国,八年中间九次会合诸侯,好像音乐的和谐,没有地方不协调,请和您一起享用快乐。”魏绛辞谢说:“同戎狄讲和,这是国家的福气。八年中间九次会合诸侯,诸侯顺从,这是由于君王的威灵,也是由于其他人员的功劳,下臣有什么力量?然而下臣希望君王既安于这种快乐,而又想到它的终了。《诗》说:‘快乐啊君子,镇抚天子的家邦。快乐啊君子,他的福禄和别人同享。治理好附近的小国,使他们相率服从。’音乐用来巩固德行,用道义对待它,用礼仪推行它,用信用保守它,用仁爱勉励它,然后能用来安定邦国、同亨福禄、召来远方的人,这就是所说的快乐。《书》说:‘处于安定要想到危险。’想到了就有防备,有了防备就没有祸患。谨以此向君王规劝。”晋悼公说:“您的教导,岂敢不承受命令!而且要是没有您,寡人无法对待戎人,又不能渡过黄河。赏赐,是国家的典章,藏在盟府,不能废除的。您还是接受吧!”魏绛从这时开始才有了金石的音乐,这是合于礼的。
The people of the State of Zheng gave to Duke Ao of Jin Shi Kui, Shi Chu, and Shi Jue; fifteen matching Guang chariots and fifteen furrow chariots each, complete with armor and weapons, and a total of one hundred other chariots; two singing bells and matching chimes; and two sixteen female musicians. Duke Ao of Jin gave half of the orchestra to Wei Jiang and said, "You taught me to make peace with the tribes Rong and Di to rectify the Central Plains countries. In eight years, I met with the princes nine times. It is like the harmony of music. There is no discord. Please enjoy the happiness with you." Wei Jiang declined and said, "It is a blessing for the country to make peace with Rong and Di. In eight years, I met with the princes nine times. The princes are obedient, which is due to the king's power and the merits of other people. What power do I have? However, I hope that the king will be content with this happiness and think of its end. "Music is used to consolidate virtue, treat it with morality, promote it with etiquette, protect it with trust, and encourage it with kindness. Then it can be used to stabilize the country, bring prosperity and prosperity, and attract people from far away. This is what the "Book" says: "When you are in peace, you must think of danger." When you think about it, you will be prepared. If you are prepared, there will be no disaster. I would like to advise the king. "How dare you not accept your instructions! And without you, I can't deal with the Rong people, and I can't cross the Yellow River. The reward is a national decree and cannot be abolished." Wei Jiang only had the music of Jinshi from this time.

    秦庶长鲍、庶长武帅师伐晋以救郑。鲍先入晋地,士鲂御之,少秦师而弗设备。壬午,武济自辅氏,与鲍交伐晋师。己丑,秦、晋战于栎,晋师败绩,易秦故也。
Qin's concubine commanders Bao and Wu commanders attacked Jin to save Zheng. Bao first entered the Jin territory, and was guarded by Shi Li, but the Qin division lacked equipment. In Renwu, Wu Ji took his own auxiliary clan and fought with Bao to attack the Jin army. Ji Chou, Qin and Jin fought in Yue, and the Jin army was defeated, so it was easy for Qin to change.

    秦国庶长鲍、庶长武领兵进攻晋国来救援郑国。鲍先进入晋国国境,士鲂抵御他,认为秦军人少而不加防备。十二月初五日,武从辅氏渡河,和鲍夹攻晋军。十二日,秦军和晋军在栎地作战,晋军大败,这是由于轻视秦军的缘故。

Qin's concubines Bao and Wu led troops to attack Jin to rescue Zheng. When Bao Xian entered the Jin territory, Shi Li resisted him, thinking that the Qin army was few and did not take precautions. On the fifth day of December, Wu Congfu crossed the river and joined forces with Bao to attack the Jin army. On the 12th, the Qin army and the Jin army fought in Quedi, and the Jin army was defeated. This was because it underestimated the Qin army.

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