【经】
十有三年春，公至自晋。夏，取邿（shī）。秋九月庚辰，楚子审卒。冬，城防。
In the spring of the third year of the twelfth year, the Duke arrived in Jin Dynasty. Xia, take Yin (shī). In the ninth month of Autumn, Gengchen, Chuzi judged the dead. Winter, city defense.
【传】
【Biography】
十三年春，公至自晋，孟献子书劳于庙，礼也。
In the spring of the thirteenth year, when the Duke arrived from Jin Dynasty, Meng Xianzi wrote and worked in the temple, which was also a ritual.
十三年春季，鲁襄公从晋国回来，孟献子在宗庙里记载功勋，这是合于礼的。
In the spring of the thirteenth year, Duke Xiang of Lu returned from Jin. Meng Xianzi recorded his achievements in the ancestral temple, which was in line with etiquette.
夏，邿乱，分为三。师救邿，遂取之。凡书“取”，言易也。用大师焉曰“灭”。弗地曰“入”。
Xia, Yinluan, is divided into three. The teacher rescued Yan and took him. All books are "taken", and the words are easy. Master Yong said "extermination". Fu Di said "enter".
夏季，邿国发生动乱，一分为三。出兵救援邿国，就乘机占取了它。凡是《春秋》记载说“取”，就是说事情很容易。使用了大军叫做“灭’。虽得了国家，并不占有它的土地叫做“入”。
In the summer, the state of Yi was in turmoil and divided into three parts. He sent troops to rescue the state of Yi and took the opportunity to occupy it. Whenever "Spring and Autumn" records say "take", it means that things are easy. Using a large army is called "destroy". Although a country is obtained, it is called "entering" without occupying its land.
荀罃、士鲂卒。晋侯搜于上以治兵，使士匄将中军，辞曰：“伯游长。昔臣习于知伯，是以佐之，非能贤也。请従伯游。”荀偃将中军，士匄佐之。使韩起将上军，辞以赵武。又使栾黡，辞曰：“臣不如韩起。韩起愿上赵武，君其听之！”使赵武将上军，韩起佐之。栾黡将下军，魏绛佐之。新军无帅，晋侯难其人，使其什吏，率其卒乘官属，以従于下军，礼也。晋国之民，是以大和，诸侯遂睦。
Xun Feng and Shi Li died. The Marquis of Jin searched for the troops and ordered them to lead the army. He said in words: "Bo You is the leader." In the past, I was accustomed to knowing my uncle, so I used it to support him. He was not a virtuous person. Please visit Xie Bo. "Xun Yan took command of the central army, and the soldiers assisted him. He sent Han Qi to lead the army, and resigned to Zhao Wu. He also sent Luan Yan to leave, saying: "I am not as good as Han Qi. Han Qi is willing to go to Zhao Wu, please listen to him! "Let General Zhao go up to the army, and Han Qi assist him. General Luan Yan dismounts, and Wei Jiang assists him. The new army has no commander, and the Marquis of Jin finds it difficult to recruit him, so he makes him a few officials, and leads his soldiers to serve as officers and subordinates, so as to serve the lower army. This is etiquette. The people of Jin are in harmony, and the princes are in harmony.
荀罃、士鲂死了。晋悼公在绵上打猎并训练军队。派遣士匄率领中军，他辞谢说：“荀偃比我强。过去下臣熟悉知伯，因此辅佐他，而不是由于我的贤能啊。请派遣荀偃。”荀偃率领中军，士匄作为辅佐。派遣韩起率领上军，他辞让给赵武。又派遣栾黡，他辞谢说：“下臣不如韩起。韩起愿意让赵武在上位，君王还是听从他的意见。”就派遣赵武率领上军，韩起作为辅佐。栾黡率领下军，魏绛作为辅佐。新军没有统帅，晋悼公对这个人选感到困难，让新军的十个官吏率领步兵、骑兵和所属官员，附在下军里，这是合于礼的。晋国的百姓因此大大和顺，诸侯也就和睦。
Xun Feng and Shi Li died. Duke Dao of Jin hunted and trained his troops in Mianshang. He sent Shi Gai to lead the central army, but he declined and said, "Xun Yan is stronger than me. In the past, I was familiar with Zhibo, so I assisted him, not because of my talents. Please send Xun Yan. ” Han Qi was willing to let Zhao Wu take over, but the king still listened to his opinion. "So Zhao Wu was sent to lead the upper army, with Han Qi as an assistant. Luan Xiao led the lower army, with Wei Jiang as an assistant. The new army had no commander, and Duke Ai of Jin found it difficult to choose this candidate. He asked ten officials of the new army to lead the infantry, cavalry and subordinate officials to accompany the lower army. This was in line with etiquette. The people of Jin were therefore greatly docile, and the princes were in harmony.
君子曰：“让，礼之主也。范宣子让，其下皆让。栾黡为汰，弗敢违也。晋国以平，数世赖之。刑善也夫！一人刑善，百姓休和，可不务乎？《书》曰：‘一人有庆，兆民赖之，其宁惟永。’其是之谓乎？周之兴也，其《诗》曰：‘仪刑文王，万邦作孚。’言刑善也。及其衰也，其《诗》曰：‘大夫不均，我従事独贤。’言不让也。世之治也，君子尚能而让其下，小人农力以事其上，是以上下有礼，而谗慝黜远，由不争也，谓之懿德。及其乱也，君子称其功以加小人，小人伐其技以冯君子，是以上下无礼，乱虐并生，由争善也，谓之昏德。国家之敝，恒必由之。”
The gentleman said: "Yang is the master of etiquette. Fan Xuanzi gave way, and all his subordinates gave way. Luan Yan was eliminated, and no one dared to disobey it. Jin State has maintained peace for many generations. Punishment is good! If one person is punished well, the people will live in harmony. Can we not care about it?" "Book" says: "If a person is happy, the people will rely on him, and his peace will last forever." Is this what the "Book of Songs" means? "Poetry" said: "There are no equals among the officials, but I am the only one who can do things." In order to govern the world, the gentleman should let the subordinates still have the ability, and the villain should use his power to serve the superiors. This is because the superiors and subordinates are polite, but the slanderers are far away, and they do not fight. It is called virtue. When a gentleman praises his merits and exploits them, the villains use their skills to defeat the gentlemen. This is because the superiors and subordinates are rude, and chaos and cruelty coexist. This is called the failure of the country to be virtuous."
君子说：“谦让，是礼的主体。士匄谦让，他的下属都谦让。栾黡即使专横，也不敢违背。晋国因此而团结，几世都受到利益，这是由于取法于善的缘故啊！一个人取法于善，各族各姓都美好协调，难道可以不尽力于这一点吗？《书》说，‘一个人好善，亿万人有利，国家的安宁可以久长’，说的就是这个吧！周朝兴起的时候，反映它的诗说，‘效法文王，万邦信任’，说的是取法于善。等到它衰弱的时候，反映它的诗说，‘大夫不公平，我所作的独最多’，说的是不谦让。当时世太平的时候，君子崇尚贤能而对下属谦让，小人努力以事奉他的上司，因此上下有礼而奸邪废黜远离，这是由于不争夺的缘故，这叫做美德。到了天下动乱的时候，君子夸耀他的功劳以凌驾于小人之上，小人夸耀他的技能以凌驾于君子之上，因此上下无礼，动乱和残暴一起发生，这是由于争相自以为是。这叫做昏德。国家的败坏，常常是由于这样而来的。”
The gentleman said: "Modesty is the main body of etiquette. When a scholar is humble, his subordinates will be humble. Even if Luan Xiao is tyrannical, he will not dare to violate it. Because of this, the Jin country has been united and has benefited for generations. This is because he follows the law and is good! If a person follows the law and is good, and all tribes and surnames are harmonious, how can they not do it? Do you focus on this? "The Book" says, "One person's kindness will benefit hundreds of millions, and the country's peace will last forever." This is what it means! When the Zhou Dynasty was rising, the poem that reflected it said, "Imitate King Wen, and all nations will trust you." It said that when it weakened, the poem that reflected it. Saying, "The doctor is unfair, I am the only one who has done the most" refers to the lack of humility. When the world was at peace, a gentleman respected the virtuous and was humble to his subordinates. The villain worked hard to serve his superiors, so he was polite and kept away from evil. This was because he did not fight for it. This is called virtue. When there is turmoil, the gentleman boasts of his merits to be superior to the villain, and the villain boasts of his skills to be superior to the gentleman. Therefore, chaos and cruelty occur together. This is called the corruption of the country. "
楚子疾，告大夫曰：“不谷不德，少主社稷，生十年而丧先君，未及习师保之教训，而应受多福。是以不德，而亡师于鄢，以辱社稷，为大夫忧，其弘多矣。若以大夫之灵，获保首领以殁于地，唯是春秋窀穸之事，所以従先君于祢庙者，请为‘灵’若‘厉’。大夫择焉！”莫对。及五命乃许。
Chu Ziji told the doctor: "It is not moral to be ignorant of the grain. The young leader of the country lost his ancestors ten years after his birth. He did not learn the lessons of Shi Bao, so he deserved a lot of blessings. Because of his lack of virtue, his teacher died in Yan, and he insulted the country. This is a great disaster. "I'm worried, I have so many talents. If the leader is saved and dies on the ground, it's only a matter of Spring and Autumn Period. Therefore, please be a 'spirit' or a 'li' for the emperor." Don't be wrong! And five lives are promised.
楚共王生病，告诉大夫说：“寡人没有德行，年幼的时候就做了一国之主。生下来十年而先君去世，没有来得及学习师保的教训而承受了许多福禄，因此缺乏德行而在鄢陵丧失了军队，让国家蒙受耻辱，让大夫担心，这都够严重的了。如果由于大夫的福气，我得以保全首领而善终，在这些祭祀安葬的事情上，得以在祢庙中追随先君，只能请求谥做‘灵’或者‘厉’了，请大夫选择吧。”没有人回答。等到五次命令以后才答应了。
The King of the Communist Party of Chu fell ill and told his doctor: "I have no virtue and became the master of a country at a young age. Ten years after I was born, my ancestor died. He did not have time to learn the lessons of Shibao and suffered many blessings. Therefore, he lacked virtue and lost his army in Yanling, which brought shame to the country. "It's serious enough to make the doctor worry. If, thanks to the doctor's blessing, I can save my leader and die well, and be able to follow my ancestor in your temple during these sacrifices and burials, I can only ask for the posthumous title of 'Ling' or 'Li'. Please choose, doctor." No one answered. He waited until five orders before agreeing.
秋，楚共王卒。子囊谋谥。大夫曰：“君有命矣。”子囊曰：“君命以共，若之何毁之？赫赫楚国，而君临之，抚有蛮夷，奄征南海，以属诸夏，而知其过，可不谓共乎？请谥之‘共’。”大夫従之。
In autumn, the king of Chu died. The son-in-law seeks a posthumous title. The doctor said: "You have a destiny." Zi Nang said: "You have a destiny to share, how can you destroy it? The country of Chu is so illustrious, and the king comes to it, and there are barbarians, and they are about to conquer the South China Sea, and they belong to the Xia, and they know their faults, can they not be called Gong? Please give me the posthumous title of 'Gong'." The doctor hesitated.
秋季，楚共王去世。子囊和大家商量谥号。大夫说：“国君已经有过命令了。”子囊说：“国君是用‘恭’来命令的，怎么能不用这个字呢？声威赫赫的楚国，国君在上边统治，安抚着蛮夷，大征南海，让他们从属于中原诸国，而国君又知道自己的过错，可以不说是恭吗？请谥做‘共’。”大夫们都听从了他的意见。
In the autumn, King Chu Gong died. Zi Nang discusses the posthumous title with everyone. The doctor said: "The king has already given an order." Zi Nang said: "The king uses the word "gong" to give orders. How can he not use this word? In the prestigious Chu State, the king rules from above, appeases the barbarians, conquers the South China Sea, and makes them subordinate to the Central Plains countries. And the king knows his fault, can you not say it is "gong"? Please posthumously say "gong"." The officials all listened to his opinion.
吴侵楚，养由基奔命，子庚以师继之。养叔曰：“吴乘我丧，谓我不能师也，必易我而不戒。子为三覆以待我，我请诱之。”子庚従之。战于庸浦，大败吴师，获公子党。君子以吴为不吊。《诗》曰：“不吊昊天，乱靡有定。”
When Wu invaded Chu, Yang Yuji was ordered to lead the army, and Zigeng succeeded him as his teacher. Uncle Yang said: "Wu took advantage of my death and said that I couldn't teach him, so he would try to change me and not stop me. I'm going to treat you three times. I'm going to seduce him." Zi Geng hesitated. Fighting at Yongpu, he defeated the Wu division and won the title of Young Master Party. A gentleman considers Wu as his superior. "Poetry" says: "Don't worry about Haotian, there will be order in chaos."
吴国侵袭楚国，养由基迅速奔向敌人，子庚领兵跟着去。养由基说：“吴国乘我国有丧事，认为我们是不能出兵的，必然轻视我们而不存戒备之心。您设置三处伏兵来等我，我去引诱他们。”子庚听从了。在庸浦作战，大败吴军，俘虏了公子党。君子认为吴国不善，《诗》说：“上天认为你不善，国家祸乱就不能安定。”
When Wu invaded Chu, Yang Youji quickly ran towards the enemy, and Zigeng followed him with his troops. Yang Youji said: "The State of Wu took advantage of the funeral in our country and thought that we could not send troops, so it must despise us and not be on guard. You set up three ambushes to wait for me, and I will lure them." Zi Geng obeyed. Fighting in Yongpu, he defeated the Wu army and captured the young master party. A gentleman thinks that the state of Wu is not good. "Poetry" says: "God thinks that you are not good. If the country is in chaos, there will be no stability."
冬，城防，书事，时也。于是将早城，臧武仲请俟毕农事，礼也。
Winter, city defense, book affairs, time. So Zang Wuzhong asked Zang Wuzhong to go to the city early in the morning to finish his farm work, which was a courtesy.
冬季，在防地筑城。《春秋》所以记载这件事，这是由于合于时令。当时准备早些时候筑城，臧武仲请求等待农活完了以后再动工，这是合于礼的。
In winter, build a fort on the defensive line. "Spring and Autumn" recorded this incident because it was in season. At that time, he was preparing to build the city early, but Zang Wuzhong asked to wait until the farm work was completed before starting construction, which was in line with etiquette.
郑良霄、大宰石毚（chán，狡兔）犹在楚。石毚言于子囊曰：“先王卜征五年，而岁习其祥，祥习则行，不习则增修德而改卜。今楚实不竞，行人何罪？止郑一卿，以除其逼，使睦而疾楚，以固于晋，焉用之？使归而废其使，怨其君以疾其大夫，而相牵引也，不犹愈乎？”楚人归之。
Zheng Liangxiao and Da Zai Shi Zhuo (chán, cunning rabbit) are still in Chu. Shi Zhuo said to Zi Nang: "The king of the past has conducted divination for five years, and he has been accustomed to his auspiciousness. If he is not accustomed to it, he will be good at it. If he is not accustomed to it, he will improve his virtue and change his divination. Now Chu is not competing, so what is the crime? To stop Zheng Yiqing, in order to eliminate his oppression, make Chu harmonious and sick, to consolidate Jin, how can it be used? If he returns, he will abolish his envoy, blame his king for making his doctor sick, and pulling each other, isn't it better?" The people of Chu returned.
郑国的良霄、太宰石毚还在楚国。石毚对子囊说：“先王为了征伐，要连续占卜五年，每年重复吉兆，就出兵。如果有一年卜征不吉利，那就更加努力于修养道德而重新占卜。现在楚国实在不能自强，行人有什么罪过？留下郑国一个卿，这就去掉了对郑国君臣的威逼，让他们上下和睦而怨恨楚国，因而坚决顺从晋国，这对楚国有什么好处？让他回去，使他没有完成出使任务，他会埋怨国君和怀恨大夫，因而互相牵制，这不是好一些吗？”于是楚国人就把良霄放了回去。
Liang Xiao and Dazai Shi of Zheng State were still in Chu State. Shi Zhuo said to Zi Nang: "In order to conquer, the former king had to make divination for five consecutive years. Every year, if the fortune was repeated, he would send troops. If the divination for one year was unlucky, he would work harder to cultivate his morality and start divination again. Now that the Chu State cannot strengthen itself, what is the crime of a traveler? Leaving Zheng Guo with a minister will eliminate the need for Zheng Guo. The coercion of the monarch and his ministers made them harmonious and resentful of the Chu State, so they resolutely obeyed the Jin State. What good would it do to the Chu State? If he goes back, he will not complete his mission, and he will blame the monarch and the resentful officials, so they will restrain each other. Isn't it better?" So the people of Chu State released Liang Xiao.
