【经】
五年春王正月，舍中军。楚杀其大夫屈申。公如晋。夏，莒牟夷以牟娄及防、兹来奔。秋七月，公至自晋。戊辰，叔弓帅师败莒师于蚡泉。秦伯卒。冬，楚子、蔡侯、陈侯、许男、顿子、沈子、徐人、越人伐吴。
In the first month of spring in the fifth year, the king left the army. Chu killed its official Qu Shen. Duke is like Jin. In the summer, Ju Mou Yi came to run with Mou Lou and Fang. In the seventh month of autumn, the Duke arrived in Jin Dynasty. In Wuchen, Shu Gong's commander defeated Ju's army in Fuquan. Uncle Qin died. In winter, Chuzi, Caihou, Chenhou, Xu Nan, Dunzi, Shenzi, Xu people, and Yue people attacked Wu.
【传】
【Biography】
五年春，王正月，舍中军，卑公室也。毁中军于施氏，成诸臧氏。初作中军，三分公室而各有其一。季氏尽征之，叔孙氏臣其子弟，孟氏取其半焉。及其舍之也，四分公室，季氏择二，二子各一。皆尽征之，而贡于公。以书。使杜泄告于殡，曰：“子固欲毁中军，既毁之矣，故告。”杜泄曰：“夫子唯不欲毁也，故盟诸僖闳，诅诸五父之衢。”受其书而投之，帅士而哭之。叔仲子谓季孙曰：“带受命于子叔孙曰：‘葬鲜者自西门。’”季孙命杜泄。杜泄曰：“卿丧自朝，鲁礼也。吾子为国政，未改礼，而又迁之。群臣惧死，不敢自也。”既葬而行。
In the spring of the fifth year, in the first month of the first month of the year, the king left his army in the army and became a humble official. Destroy the Chinese army under the Shi family and become the Zang family. When I first worked on the Central Army, I had three offices, each with its own. Ji's family conquered them all, Shusun's family accepted his children, and Meng's family took half of them. When he gave up his family, he divided the palace into four quarters. The Ji family chose two of them and gave them one son each. They all conquered them and paid tribute to the Duke. With books. Du Xie was sent to report to the funeral, saying: "You really want to destroy the Chinese army, and since you have destroyed it, I sue you." Du Xie said: "Master, you just don't want to destroy it, so you allied with Xi Hong and cursed the thoroughfares of the five fathers." After receiving his letter and throwing it in, the commander cried. Uncle Zhongzi said to Ji Sun: "After receiving the order from Zi Shu Sun, he said: 'Those who bury the deceased will come from the west gate.'" Ji Sun ordered Du Xie. Du Xie said: "You are mourning since your dynasty, and it is Lu's etiquette. My son is in charge of the state affairs, and he has not changed the etiquette, but has moved it. The ministers are afraid of death and dare not do it themselves." After the burial, he left.
五年春季，周王朝历法的正月，废除中军，这是为了降低公室的地位。在施氏家里讨论废除，在臧氏家里达成协议。开始编定中军的时候，把公室的军队一分为三而各家掌握一军。季氏掌握的公室军队采用征兵或者征税的方式，叔孙氏让壮丁作为奴隶，老弱的作为自由民，孟氏则把一半作为奴隶，一半作为自由民。等到这次废除中军，就把公室的军队一分为四，季氏择取了四分之二，叔孙氏、孟氏各有四分之一。全都改为征兵或者征税，而向昭公交纳贡赋。季氏用策书让杜泄向叔孙的棺材报告说：“您本来要废除中军，现在已经废除了，所以向您报告。”杜泄说：“他老人家正因为不想废掉中军，所以在僖公宗庙前门口盟誓，在五父之衢诅咒。”接了策书扔在地上，率领他手下人哭泣起来。叔仲子对季孙说：“带从子叔孙那里接受命令，说，安葬不是寿终的人从西门出去。”季孙命令杜泄执行。杜泄说：“卿的丧礼从朝门出去，这是鲁国的礼仪。您主持国政，没有正式修改礼仪而现在又自己加以改变。下臣们害怕被杀戮，不敢服从。”安葬完毕就出走了。
In the spring of the fifth year, the first month of the Zhou Dynasty's calendar, the Zhongjun was abolished in order to lower the status of the official office. The abolition was discussed at Shi's house and an agreement was reached at Zang's house. When the central army was first organized, the army of the public office was divided into three and each family controlled one army. The official army controlled by the Ji family adopted the method of conscription or taxation. The Shusun family made the strong men as slaves and the old and weak as free people. The Meng family made half as slaves and half as free people. When the Central Army was abolished this time, the army of the imperial family was divided into four. Ji's family chose two-fourths, and Shusun's and Meng's families each had one-quarter. All were replaced by conscription or taxation, and tribute was paid to Zhao Gong. Ji asked Du Xie to report to his uncle and grandson's coffin with a policy letter: "You originally wanted to abolish the Chinese Army, but now it has been abolished, so I report to you." Du Xie said: "Because he did not want to abolish the Chinese Army, he swore an oath at the gate of Xigong's ancestral temple and cursed at the intersection of the Five Fathers." He took the policy letter and threw it on the ground, leading his men to cry. Shu Zhongzi said to Ji Sun: "I took the order from Zi Shusun, saying that people who are not dead should go out from the west gate." Ji Sun ordered Du Xie to execute it. Du Xie said: "Your funeral should be carried out through the imperial court. This is the etiquette of the state of Lu. You presided over the state affairs and did not formally modify the etiquette and now you have changed it yourself. The ministers were afraid of being killed and did not dare to obey." After the burial, he left.
仲至自齐，季孙欲立之。南遗曰：“叔孙氏厚则季氏薄。彼实家乱，子勿与知，不亦可乎？”南遗使国人助竖牛以攻诸大库之庭。司宫射之，中目而死。竖牛取东鄙三十邑，以与南遗。
Zhongzhi Ziqi, Ji Sun wanted to establish it. Nan Yi said: "The uncle Sun's family is strong, but the Ji family is weak. His family is really in trouble, and his son should not know about it. Isn't it okay?" Nan Yi asked the people of the country to help set up oxen to attack the courtyards of the big treasuries. Si Gong shot it, hit the eye and died. Li Niu took thirty cities from Dongbi to share with Nanyi.
仲壬从齐国来到，季孙想要立他为叔孙的继承人。南遗说：“叔孙氏势力强大，季氏势力削弱。他发生家乱，您不要参予，不也是可以的吗？”南遗让国内人们帮助竖牛在府库的庭院里攻打仲壬。司宫用箭射仲壬，射中眼睛死了。竖牛取得了东部边境的三十个城邑，把它送给了南遗。
Zhong Ren came from Qi State, and Ji Sun wanted to make him his uncle's successor. Nan Yi said: "The power of the Shusun family is strong, and the power of the Ji family is weakening. When he has a family turmoil, you don't want to get involved. Isn't it okay?" Nan Yi asked the people in the country to help Shu Niu attack Zhong Ren in the courtyard of the treasury. Sigong shot Zhong Ren with an arrow, hitting his eye and killing him. Shuniu acquired thirty cities on the eastern border and gave them to Nanyi.
昭子即位，朝其家众，曰：“竖牛祸叔孙氏，使乱大従，杀适立庶，又披其邑，将以赦罪，罪莫大焉。必速杀之。”竖牛惧，奔齐。孟、仲之子杀诸塞关之外，投其首于宁风之棘上。
When Zhaozi came to the throne, he said to his family: "Shu Niu has brought trouble to the uncle and Sun family, causing chaos and chaos. He will kill the common people who are suitable to be established, and he will also drive them to the city. They will pardon their sins. The crime is not serious. They must be killed quickly." Shu Niu was afraid and ran to Qi. The sons of Meng and Zhong killed all the people outside the pass and threw their heads on the thorns of Ningfeng.
昭子即位，召集他家族上下人等来朝见，说：“竖牛给叔孙氏造成祸乱，搅乱了重大的正常秩序，杀死嫡子立庶子，又分裂封邑，将要以此逃避罪责，罪过没有比这再大的了。一定要赶紧杀死他！”竖牛害怕，出奔齐国。孟丙、仲壬的儿子把他杀死在塞关之外，把脑袋扔在宁风的荆棘上。
Zhaozi ascended the throne, summoned his family members to come to court, and said: "Shu Niu caused trouble to the Shusun family, disrupted the normal order of great importance, killed his legitimate son and established a concubine, and divided the fiefdom. I will use this to escape responsibility. There is no greater crime than this. We must kill him quickly!" Shu Niu was afraid and ran away from Qi State. Meng Bing and Zhong Ren's sons killed him outside the Pass and threw his head on Ning Feng's thorns.
仲尼曰：“叔孙昭子之不劳，不可能也。周任有言曰：‘为政者不赏私劳，不罚私怨。’《诗》云：‘有觉德行，四国顺之。’”
Zhongni said: "It is impossible for my uncle and grandson Zhaozi not to work hard. Zhou Ren said: 'Politics do not reward private labor and do not punish private grudges.' "Poetry" says: 'If you are virtuous, the four countries will obey.'"
孔子说：“叔孙昭子不酬劳竖牛，这是一般人做不到的。周任有话说：‘掌握政权的人不赏赐对于私人的功劳，不惩罚个人的怨恨。’《诗》说：‘具有正直的德行，四方的国家都来归顺。’”
Confucius said: "Uncle Zhaozi does not reward people for standing up oxen, which is something ordinary people cannot do. Zhou Ren said: 'Those who hold political power do not reward private contributions and do not punish personal resentments.' "Poetry" said: "With upright virtue, countries from all over the world will come to submit.'"
初，穆子之生也，庄叔以《周易》筮之，遇《明夷》之《谦》，以示卜楚丘。曰：“是将行，而归为子祀。以谗人入，其名曰牛，卒以馁死。《明夷》，日也。日之数十，故有十时，亦当十位。自王已下，其二为公，其三为卿。日上其中，食日为二，旦日为三。《明夷》之《谦》，明而未融，其当旦乎，故曰：‘为子祀’。日之《谦》，当鸟，故曰‘明夷于飞’。明之未融，故曰‘垂其翼’。象日之动，故曰‘君子于行’。当三在旦，故曰‘三日不食’。《离》，火也。《艮》，山也。《离》为火，火焚山，山败。于人为言，败言为谗，故曰‘有攸往，主人有言’，言必谗也。纯《离》为牛，世乱谗胜，胜将适《离》，故曰‘其名曰牛’。谦不足，飞不翔，垂不峻，翼不广，故曰‘其为子后乎’。吾子，亚卿也，抑少不终。”
At the beginning, when Mu Zi was born, Uncle Zhuang used "Zhouyi" to read it, and met "Mingyi" to "Qian" to predict Chuqiu. Said: "This general will go and return to his son to worship. He came in with a slander, and his name was Niu, and he died of exhaustion. "Ming Yi", day. The number of days is tens, so there are ten o'clock, and they are also ten. Since the king has come down, the second is the public, and the third is the minister. When the sun is up, eat. The day is two, and the day is three. The "Qian" of "Ming Yi" is bright but not melted, so it is called "Wei Zi Si". Therefore, it is said that "a gentleman is on the move". When three days are on the dinning day, it is said that "no food is given for three days". "Li" means fire. "Li" means fire, and the mountain is destroyed by fire. , the words will be slanderous. The pure "Li" is the winner of the chaos, and the winner will be "Li", so it is called "Niu". He is not humble enough to fly, his wings are not high, and his wings are not wide, so he is called "the son of a prince".
当初，穆子出生的时候，庄叔用《周易》来卜筮，得到《明夷》变成《谦》，把卦像给卜楚丘看。楚丘说：“这个孩子将会出奔，而又能回来为您祭祀。领着坏人回来，他名叫牛，这个孩子最终以饥饿而死。《明夷》，是日。日的数目是十，所以有十时，也和十日的位次相配。从王以下，第二位是公，第三位是卿。日从地下上升，这个时候最为尊贵，露一点头是第二，刚刚升起是第三。《明夷》变为《谦》，已经明亮然而不高，大概是正相当于刚刚升起的时候吧，所以说可以继承卿位为您祭祀。日变为《谦》，和鸟相配，所以说《明夷》飞翔。已经明亮然而不高，所以说垂下它的翅膀。像征日的运动，所以说君子在路上。位在刚刚升起的时候相当于第三，所以说三天不吃饭。《离》，是火。《艮》，是山。《离》是火，火烧山，山就毁坏。《艮》对人来说就是语言。毁坏语言就是诬罔，所以说有人离开。主人有话，这话一定是诬罔，配合《离》的是牛，世道动乱而诬罔得到胜利，胜利将会归向于《离》，所以说他名叫牛。《谦》就是不满足，所以虽然能飞而不能回旋，下垂就是不高，所以虽有翅膀而不能飞行高远。所以说大约是您的继承人吧。您，是副卿，但是继承人虽老却有点不得善终。”
When Mu Zi was born, Uncle Zhuang used "Book of Changes" to divine fortune, and obtained "Ming Yi" which became "Qian", and showed the hexagram image to Bu Chuqiu. Chu Qiu said: "This child will run away and come back to sacrifice for you. He led the bad guy back, his name was Niu, and the child finally died of hunger. "Ming Yi", it is the day. The number of days is ten, so there are ten hours, which also matches the position of the ten days. From the king down, the second is the duke, and the third is the minister. The sun rises from the ground, and it is the most noble at this time. , showing a little head is the second, and just rising is the third. "Ming Yi" is already bright but not high, which is probably equivalent to the time when it has just risen, so it is said that it can inherit the throne and offer sacrifices to you. The day changes to "Qian", which matches the bird, so it is said that "Ming Yi" is already bright but not high, so it is said to hang its wings. "Li" means fire. "Gen" means fire. The mountain will be destroyed. "Gen" means words to people. Therefore, if the master has something to say, it must be "liang". The world is in turmoil and false accusations are won. Victory will go to "Li", so he is called "Qian" because he is not satisfied, so although he can fly, he cannot fly high, so although he has wings, he cannot fly high. So I think you are the deputy minister, but the heir is old but has a bad death. "
楚子以屈申为贰于吴，乃杀之。以屈生为莫敖，使与令尹子荡如晋逆女。过郑，郑伯劳子荡于汜，劳屈生于菟氏。晋侯送女于邢丘。子产相郑伯，会晋侯于邢丘。
Chuzi thought Qu Shen was his second son in Wu, so he killed him. Taking Qu Sheng as Mo Ao, he and Ling Yinzi were like the rebellious girls of Jin Dynasty. After passing Zheng, Zheng Boluo's son wandered in Si, and Laoqu was born in Tu family. The Marquis of Jin sent his daughter to Xingqiu. Zheng Bo, the Prime Minister of Zichan, met the Marquis of Jin in Xingqiu.
楚灵王认为屈申倾向吴国，就杀了他。让屈生做莫敖，派他和令尹子荡到晋国迎接晋女。经过郑国，郑简公在汜地慰劳子荡，在菟氏慰劳屈生。晋平公送女儿到邢丘，子产辅佐郑简公在邢丘会见晋平公。
King Ling of Chu thought that Qu Shen was leaning toward Wu, so he killed him. Let Qu Sheng be Mo Ao, and send him and Ling Yin Zidang to the Kingdom of Jin to welcome Jin girls. After passing through the state of Zheng, Zheng Jiangong comforted Zidang in Si and comforted Qu Sheng in Tushi. Duke Ping of Jin sent his daughter to Xingqiu, and Zichan assisted Duke Jiang of Zheng to meet Duke Ping of Jin in Xingqiu.
公如晋，自郊劳至于赠贿，无失礼。晋侯谓女叔齐曰：“鲁侯不亦善于礼乎？”对曰：“鲁侯焉知礼？”公曰：“何为？自郊劳至于赠贿，礼无违者，何故不知？”对曰：“是仪也，不可谓礼。礼所以守其国，行其政令，无失其民者也。今政令在家，不能取也。有子家羁，弗能用也。奸大国之盟，陵虐小国。利人之难，不知其私。公室四分，民食于他。思莫在公，不图其终。为国君，难将及身，不恤其所。礼这本末，将于此乎在，而屑屑焉习仪以亟。言善于礼，不亦远乎？君子谓：“叔侯于是乎知礼。”
For a public official like Jin, it is not disrespectful to work in the suburbs and give bribes. The Marquis of Jin asked his female uncle Qi, "Isn't the Marquis of Lu also good at etiquette?" He asked, "How can the Marquis of Lu know etiquette?" The Duke asked, "Why? From working in the suburbs to giving bribes, if the etiquette is not violated, why don't you know it?" He said to him, "It is etiquette, not etiquette. The etiquette is to protect the country, carry out its political orders, and not lose its people. Now the government orders are at home, so they cannot be taken. There are children in the family. It is useless to betray the alliance of a big country and harm others. The public is divided into two parts. If you don't care about the public, you will not care about your own affairs. This is the end of etiquette. How can you be good at etiquette? The gentleman said: "The uncle knows etiquette." "
鲁昭公去到晋国，从郊外慰劳一直到赠送财货，从没有失礼。晋平公对女叔齐说：“鲁侯不也是很懂礼吗？”女叔齐回答说：“鲁侯哪里懂得礼！”晋平公说：“为什么？从郊外慰劳一直到赠送财货，没有违背礼节，为什么不懂得？”女叔齐回答说：“这是仪式，不能说是礼。礼，是用来保有国家、推行政令，不失去百姓的。现在政令在于私家，不能拿回来。有子家羁，不能任用。触犯大国的盟约，欺侮虐待小国。利用别人的危难，却不知道自己也有危难。公室的军队一分为四，百姓靠三家大夫生活。民心不在国君，国君不考虑后果。做为一个国君，危难将要到他身上，却不去忧虑他的地位。礼的根本和枝节在于此，他却琐琐屑屑地急于学习仪式。说他懂得礼，不也是距离太远了吗？”君子认为：“女叔齐在这里是懂得礼的。”
When Duke Zhao of Lu went to Jin, he never failed to express his condolences in the countryside and presented gifts to others. Duke Ping of Jin said to his female uncle Qi: "Isn't the Marquis of Lu also very knowledgeable about etiquette?" Female uncle Qi replied: "How can the Marquis of Lu know etiquette?" Duke Ping of Jin said: "Why? From condolences in the suburbs to gifts of goods, there is no violation of etiquette. Why don't you understand the etiquette?" "Nv Shuqi replied: "This is a ritual, not a ritual. Ritual is used to preserve the country and implement administrative orders without losing the people. Now the administrative orders are private and cannot be taken back and violated the covenant of the great power. , bullying and abusing the small country, taking advantage of other people's dangers, but not knowing that he is also in danger. The people are relying on the three officials to live. The king does not consider the consequences. He doesn't worry about his status. The fundamentals and details of etiquette are here, but he is eager to learn etiquette. Isn't it too far away? "The gentleman thinks: "Nv Shuqi understands etiquette here."
晋韩宣子如楚送女，叔向为介。郑子皮、子大叔劳诸索氏。大叔谓叔向曰：“楚王汰侈已甚，子其戒之。”叔向曰：“汰侈已甚，身之灾也，焉能及人？若奉吾币帛，慎吾威仪，守之以信，行之以礼，敬始而思终，终无不复，従而不失仪，敬而不失威，道之以训辞，奉之以旧法，考之以先王，度之以二国，虽汰侈，若我何？”
Xuanzi of the Jin and Han Dynasties was like Chu sending his daughter off, and his uncle Xiang was the intermediary. Zheng Zipi and Zi Dashu Lao Zhusuo. The uncle said to Shu Xiang, "The king of Chu has eliminated extravagance too much, and I have to stop it." Shu Xiang said, "The king of Chu has eliminated extravagance too much, and it will bring disaster to the body. How can it affect others? If you give me money and silk, be careful about my dignity, keep it with faith, and practice it. With etiquette, respect the beginning and think about the end, and never forget it, show respect without losing the etiquette, respect without losing the authority, teach with precepts, follow the old laws, test the past kings, and save the two countries. Even if I eliminate extravagance, what if I do it?"
晋国的韩宣子去到楚国护送晋女，叔向做副手。郑国的子皮、子太叔在索氏慰劳他们。太叔对叔向说：“楚王骄纵太过分，您还是警惕一点。”叔向说：“骄纵太过分是自身的灾殃，哪能波及到别人？只要奉献我们的财礼，谨慎地保持我们的威仪，守信用，行礼仪，开始恭敬而考虑结果，以后就可以照样办。顺从而不过度，恭敬而有节制，以古圣先贤的言语作为引导，对传统的法度加以奉行，考核先王的事情，把两国的利害得失加以衡量，楚王虽然骄纵，能把我怎么样？”
Han Xuanzi of Jin State went to Chu State to escort Jin women, with Shu Xiang as his deputy. Zipi and Zi Taishu of Zheng State comforted them in Soshi. Taishu said to Shuxiang: "The king of Chu is too arrogant and indulgent. You should be more careful." Shuxiang said: "Too much arrogance and indulgence is a disaster for oneself. How can it affect others? As long as we donate our wealth and gifts, carefully maintain our dignity, keep our word, practice etiquette, and start to be respectful and considerate. As a result, we can do the same in the future. Be obedient but not excessive, be respectful and restrained, follow the words of the ancient sages and sages, abide by the traditional laws, evaluate the affairs of the previous kings, and weigh the pros and cons of the two countries. Although the king of Chu is arrogant, what can he do to me? "
及楚，楚子朝其大夫，曰：“晋，吾仇敌也。苟得志焉，无恤其他。今其来者，上卿、上大夫也。若吾以韩起为阍，以羊舌肸为司宫，足以辱晋，吾亦得志矣。可乎？”大夫莫对。薳启强曰：“可。苟有其备，何故不可？耻匹夫不可以无备，况耻国乎？是以圣王务行礼，不求耻人，朝聘有珪，享覜（tiào，诸侯每三年行聘问相见之礼）有璋。小有述职，大有巡功。设机而不倚，爵盈而不饮；宴有好货，飧有陪鼎，入有郊劳，出有赠贿，礼之至也。国家之败，失之道也，则祸乱兴。城濮之役，晋无楚备，以败于邲。邲之役，楚无晋备，以败于鄢。自鄢以来，晋不失备，而加之以礼，重之以睦，是以楚弗能报而求亲焉。既获姻亲，又欲耻之，以召寇仇，备之若何？谁其重此？若有其人，耻之可也。若其未有，君亦图之。晋之事君，臣曰可矣：求诸侯而麇至；求昏而荐女，君亲送之，上卿及上大夫致之。犹欲耻之，君其亦有备矣。不然，奈何？韩起之下，赵成、中行吴、魏舒、范鞅、知盈；羊舌肸之下，祁午、张趯、籍谈、女齐、梁丙、张骼、辅跞、苗贲皇，皆诸侯之选也。韩襄为公族大夫，韩须受命而使矣。箕襄、邢带、叔禽、叔椒、子羽，皆大家也。韩赋七邑，皆成县也。羊舌四族，皆强家也。晋人若丧韩起、杨肸，五卿八大夫辅韩须、杨石，因其十家九县，长毂九百，其余四十县，遗守四千，奋其武怒，以报其大耻，伯华谋之，中行伯、魏舒帅之，其蔑不济矣。君将以亲易怨，实无礼以速寇，而未有其备，使群臣往遗之禽，以逞君心，何不可之有？”王曰：“不谷之过也，大夫无辱。”厚为韩子礼。王欲敖叔向以其所不知，而不能，亦厚其礼。
When it comes to Chu, Chuzi said to his officials: "Jin is my enemy. I have no ambitions, and I have no sympathy for others. The one who comes now is a minister and a senior official. If I use Han Qi as a palace and sheep's tongue as a palace, it will be enough to humiliate Jin, and I will also have ambitions. Is this true?" The doctor is not right. Xue Qiqiang said: "Yes. Why can't you be prepared? You can't be unprepared to shame a man, how much more to be a shame to the country? Therefore, it is a sage king's duty to perform courtesy, not to shame people, to have a court appointment, and to enjoy the view (tiào), and the princes visit each other every three years. The rituals are Zhang. The small ones are reporting on the work, but the big ones are patrolling. There are good things for banquets, there are accompaniments for meals, and there are no bribes when going out. If the country fails, the city will be in trouble. In the battle of Pu, Jin did not have Chu's preparations, so he was defeated by Yan. In the battle of Bi, Chu did not have Jin's preparations, so he was defeated by Yan. Since Yan, Jin has not lost preparations, but has added courtesy and emphasized harmony, so Chu Fu can not only get a marriage, but also wants to be humiliated. , How to prepare for the enemy? If there is such a person, it is shameful. If there is no such thing, the king will do it. The minister said: If you ask the princes to recommend a girl, the king will send her to you personally. If you want to be shamed, you should be prepared. Otherwise, what can you do? Under Han Qi, there are Zhao Cheng, Zhongxing Wu, Wei Shu, Fan Yang, Zhiying; Zhuang and Miao Benhuang were all selected by the princes. Han Xiang was appointed as the official of the clan. Jixiang, Xingdai, Shuqin, Shujiao and Ziyu were all members of the clan. Han Fu had seven towns, and they all became counties. If the people of Jin lost Han Qi and Yang Ji, the five ministers and eight senior officials would assist Han Xu and Yang Shi. Because there were ten families and nine counties, with nine hundred bosses, and the remaining forty counties, four thousand were left behind. They would fight against their anger to avenge their great humiliation. Bo Hua planned it, and Zhong Xing Bo and Wei Shu commanded it. , His scorn is not enough. You are not polite enough to attack the enemy, but you are not prepared for it, so you can use it to fulfill your ambition." The king said, "It is not a fault of the grain, but the official is not humiliated." The king wanted to ask Ao Shu to show him what he didn't know, but he couldn't do it, so he treated him with courtesy.
到了楚国，楚灵王让大夫们上朝，说：“晋国，是我们的仇敌。如果我们能够满足愿望，就不用顾虑其他。现在他们来的人，是上卿、上大夫。假使我们让韩起做守门人，让叔向做内宫司宫，这足以羞辱晋国，我们也满足了愿望。行吗？”大夫没有一个人回答。薳启彊说：“行。如果有防备，为什么不行？羞辱一个普通人还不能不作防备，何况羞辱一个国家呢？因此圣王致力于推行礼仪，不想羞辱别人。朝觐聘问有圭，宴享进见有璋，小国有述职的规定，大国有巡狩的制度。设置了几而不依靠，爵中酒满而不饮用，宴会时有友好的礼品，吃饭时有很多的菜肴。入境有郊外的慰劳，离开有赠送的财货，这都是礼仪的最高形式。国家的败亡，由于失去了这种常道，祸乱就会发生。城濮那次战役，晋国得胜而没有防备楚国，因此在邲地打了败仗。邲地那次战役，楚国得胜而没有防备晋国，因此在鄢地打了败仗。自从鄢地战役以来，晋国没有丧失防备，而且对楚国礼仪有加，以和睦为重，因此楚国不能报复，而只能请求亲善了。既然得到了婚姻的亲戚关系，又想要羞辱他们，以自寻敌人，又怎么防备它？谁来承担责任？如果有能承担责任的人，羞辱他们是可以的。如果没有，君王还是考虑一下。晋国的事奉君王，下臣认为很可以了。要求得到诸侯就大家都来了，求婚就进奉女子。国君亲自送她，上卿和上大夫送到我国。如果还要羞辱他们，君王恐怕也要有所防备。不这样，怎么办？韩起的下面，有赵成、中行吴、魏舒、范鞅、知盈；叔向的下面，有祁午、张趯、籍谈、女齐、梁丙、张骼、辅跞、苗贲皇，都是诸侯所选拔的能人。韩襄做公族大夫，韩须接受命令而出使了。箕襄、邢带、叔禽、叔椒、子羽，都是大家族。韩氏征收赋税的七个城邑，都是大县。羊舌氏四族，都是强盛的家族。晋国人如果丧失韩起、叔向，五卿、八大夫辅助韩须、杨石，靠了他们的十家九县，战车九百辆，其余四十具，留守的战车有四千辆，发扬他们的勇武，发泄他们的愤怒，以报复他们的奇耻大辱。伯华为他们出谋划策，中行伯、魏舒率领他们，就没有不成功的了。君王将要把亲善换成怨恨，确实违背礼仪以招致敌人，而又没有应有的防备，让下臣们去当俘虏以满足君王的心意，有什么不可以呢？”楚灵王说：“这是我的过错，大夫不用再说了。”对韩起厚加礼遇，楚灵王想要用叔向不知道的事物来为难他，没有做到，于是也对他厚加优礼。
When they arrived at Chu State, King Ling of Chu asked the officials to go to court and said: "The State of Jin is our enemy. If we can fulfill our wish, we don't have to worry about anything else. The people they are coming now are the ministers and senior officials. If we let Han Qi be the gatekeeper and Shu Xiang the inner palace minister, this will be enough to humiliate the state of Jin and we will fulfill our wish. Okay?" None of the officials answered. Xue Qiqiang said: "Okay. If you are prepared, why not? You have to be prepared to humiliate an ordinary person, let alone humiliate a country? Therefore, the holy king is committed to promoting etiquette and does not want to humiliate others. There are guides for appointments during pilgrimage, Zhang for banquets, small countries have regulations for debriefing, and big countries have patrols. The system is set up but not relied on, the wine is served without drinking, the banquet is given with friendly gifts, the meal is given with a lot of comforts, and the gifts are given when leaving. These are the highest forms of etiquette. Because of the loss of this normal way, disasters will occur. In the battle of Chengpu, Jin won without guarding against Chu, so it was defeated at Bi. In the battle at Bi, Chu won without guarding against Jin, so it was defeated at Yan. Therefore, the state of Chu cannot retaliate, but can only ask for friendship. Since you have obtained the kinship of marriage, and want to humiliate them, how can you prevent it? Who will bear the responsibility? If there is no one, it is okay for the king to think about it. In the Jin State, serving the king was considered by the ministers to be a very good thing. If you ask for princes, everyone will come; if you propose marriage, women will be offered to you. The monarch personally sent her to her, and the ministers and officials sent her to our country. If they still want to humiliate them, the king may have to be on guard. Otherwise, what should we do? Under Han Qi were Zhao Cheng, Zhongxing Wu, Wei Shu, Fan Yang, and Zhiying; under Shu Xiang were Qi Wu, Zhang Qiao, Ji Tan, Nu Qi, Liang Bing, Zhang Jie, Fu Chu, and Miao Benhuang, all of whom were capable men selected by the princes. Han Xiang became the official of the clan, and Han Xu accepted the order and went out as an envoy. Jixiang, Xingdai, Shuqin, Shujiao and Ziyu are all big families. The seven cities where Han collected taxes were all large counties. The four Yangyu clans are all powerful families. If the people of Jin lose Han Qi and Shuxiang, the five ministers and eight officials will assist Han Xu and Yang Shi, and they will rely on their ten families and nine counties, nine hundred chariots, and the remaining forty, leaving four thousand chariots behind to display their bravery and vent their anger to avenge their shame and humiliation. Bo Hua gave them advice, Zhong Xing Bo and Wei Shu led them, and there was no chance of failure. The king will exchange goodwill for resentment, indeed violate etiquette to attract enemies, but without proper precautions, let his ministers be taken as prisoners to satisfy the king's wishes. What's wrong? King Chu Ling said: "This is my fault. Doctor, there is no need to say anything more." "In treating Han Qi with courtesy, King Chu Ling wanted to embarrass him with things that Shu Xiang didn't know about, but failed, so he also treated him with courtesy.
韩起反，郑伯劳诸圉。辞不敢见，礼也。
Han rebelled, and Zheng Bailao led the troops to attack. I don't dare to see you when I say goodbye, it's a courtesy.
韩起回国，郑简公在圉地慰劳他。他辞谢不敢进见，这是合于礼的。
When Han Qi returned home, Duke Jiang of Zheng comforted him in Yu. He declined and did not dare to come in. This was in line with etiquette.
郑罕虎如齐，娶于子尾氏。晏子骤见之，陈桓子问其故，对曰：“能用善人，民之主也。”
Zheng Hanhu was like Qi, and he married the Ziwei family. When Yanzi saw it suddenly, Chen Huanzi asked him why, and he replied: "The person who can use good people is the leader of the people."
郑国的罕虎到齐国去，在子尾氏那里娶亲。晏子屡次进见。陈桓子问什么缘故，晏子回答说：“他能够任用好人，是百姓的主人。”
Hanhu from the state of Zheng went to the state of Qi to marry Ziwei. Yan Zi came to see him many times. Chen Huanzi asked why, and Yanzi replied: "He can appoint good people and is the master of the people."
夏，莒牟夷以牟娄及防兹来奔。牟夷非卿而书，尊地也。莒人愬于晋。晋侯欲止公，范献子曰：“不可。人朝而执之，诱也。讨不以师，而诱以成之，惰也。为盟主而犯此二者，无乃不可乎？请归之，间而以师讨焉。”乃归公。秋七月，公至自晋。
In the summer, Ju Mou Yi came running with Mou Lou and Fang Zi. Mou Yi is not a minister, but he writes books because he respects the land. Ju people are fond of Jin. When the Marquis of Jin wanted to stop the Duke, Fan Xianzi said: "No. If you hold on to him in the court, it's a temptation. If you don't use the teacher to ask for it, but to lure him to succeed, it's lazy. If you violate these two things as the leader of the alliance, is it wrong? Please return him, and then use the teacher to challenge him." Return to the Duke. In the seventh month of autumn, the Duke arrived in Jin Dynasty.
夏季，莒国的牟夷带了牟娄和防地、兹地逃亡前来。牟夷不是卿，但《春秋》加以记载，这是由于重视这些地方。莒人向晋国起诉，晋平公想要扣留昭公。范献子说：“不行。别人来朝见而囚禁人家，这就如同引诱。讨伐他不想用武力，而用引诱来取得成功，这是怠惰。做盟主而犯了这两条，恐怕不行吧！请让他回去，等有机会时再用武力去讨伐他们。”于是就让昭公回国了。秋季，七月，昭公从晋国回到鲁国。
In the summer, Mou Yi from Ju State fled with Mou Lou, Fang Di and Zidi. Mou Yi was not a minister, but it was recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals. This was because he attached great importance to these places. The people of Ju sued the state of Jin, and Duke Ping of Jin wanted to detain Duke Zhao. Fan Xianzi said: "No. Imprisoning others when they come to court is like seduction. It is laziness to defeat them without using force, but to use seduction to succeed. As the leader of the alliance, I am guilty of these two violations. Please let him go back and use force to conquer them when there is an opportunity." So he let Zhao Gong return home. In autumn, in the seventh month, Duke Zhao returned to Lu from Jin.
莒人来讨，不设备。戊辰，叔弓败诸蚡泉，莒未陈也。
The Ju people come to ask for it, but they don't have any equipment. In the Wuchen period, Shu Gong defeated Zhufenquan, but Ju was not yet ready.
莒国人前来攻打鲁国，但他们自己却不设防。十四日，叔弓在蚡泉击败了他们，这是由于莒国人没有摆开阵势的缘故。
The people of Ju came to attack Lu, but they themselves were undefended. On the 14th, Shu Gong defeated them at Fuquan. This was because the Ju people did not open their battle array.
冬十月，楚子以诸侯及东夷伐吴，以报棘、栎、麻之役。薳射以繁扬之师，会于夏汭。越大夫常寿过帅师会楚子于琐。闻吴师出，薳启强帅师従之，遽不设备，吴人败诸鹊岸。
In the tenth month of winter, Chu Zi led the princes and the Eastern Yi to attack Wu in retaliation for the battles of thorns, oaks, and hemp. Xie She joined Fan Yang's division and met Xia Rui. The older man Chang lived longer than the handsome master and met Chu Zi in Suo. When they heard that the Wu army had come out, Commander-in-Chief Chuan Qiqiang stepped in and suddenly failed to prepare anything. The Wu people were defeated in Que'an.
冬季，十月，楚灵王带领诸侯和东夷的军队进攻吴国，以报复棘地、栎地、麻地的那次战役。薳射带领繁扬的军队在夏汭会师，越国的大夫常寿过领兵和楚王在琐地会合。听说吴军出动，薳启彊领兵迎战，匆忙中没有设防，吴国人在鹊岸击败了他。楚灵王乘坐驿车到达罗汭。
In winter, in October, King Ling of Chu led the armies of the princes and Dongyi to attack Wu in retaliation for the battles in Jidi, Quedi, and Madi. Xue She led Fan Yang's army to rendezvous at Xiarui, while Chang Shouguo, a senior official of Yue State, led his troops to rendezvous with the King of Chu at Suodi. Hearing that the Wu army was dispatched, Xue Qiqiang led his troops to fight. In a hurry, he did not set up any defenses, and the Wu people defeated him at Que'an. King Ling of Chu took a post car to Luo Rui.
楚子以驲至于罗汭。吴子使其弟蹶由犒师，楚人执之，将以衅鼓。王使问焉，曰：“女卜来吉乎？”对曰：“吉。寡君闻君将治兵于敝邑，卜之以守龟，曰：‘余亟使人犒师，请行以观王怒之疾徐，而为之备，尚克知之。’龟兆告吉，曰：‘克可知也。’君若欢焉，好逆使臣，滋邑休殆，而忘其死，亡无日矣。今君奋焉，震电冯怒，虐执使臣，将以衅鼓，则吴知所备矣。敝邑虽羸，若早修完，其可以息师。难易有备，可谓吉矣。且吴社稷是卜，岂为一人？使臣获衅军鼓，而敝邑知备，以御不虞，其为吉孰大焉？国之守龟，其何事不卜？一臧一否，其谁能常之？城濮之兆，其报在邲。今此行也，其庸有报志？”乃弗杀。
Chu Zi went to Luo Ru on a day trip. Wu Zi made his disciples retreat to reward their masters, but the people of Chu held them and used them to provoke drums. The king's envoy asked Yan, "Is it auspicious for the girl to predict?" He replied: "It's auspicious." The prince heard that the king was going to organize troops in our city, and he divined to guard the tortoise. He said: "I urgently send someone to reward the army. Please go to see if the king's anger slows down, and do it." Be prepared, Shang Ke knows it. ’ Gui Zhao announced the good news and said: ‘Ke Ke knows it. ’ If the king is happy, he likes to rebel against his envoys, and he will forget about his death. If the army is defeated by the enemy, it will be a good thing if the army is ready. Wu Sheji is a divination person. Be prepared to guard against danger. What is the best thing about the country's guarding turtle? Who can take care of it? The omen of the city is in Bi. "Is there any chance of killing?
吴王派他的兄弟蹶由到楚营犒劳军队，楚国人把他抓起来，准备杀了他用血祭鼓。楚灵王派人询问，说：“你占卜过，来这里吉利吗？”蹶由回答说：“吉利。寡君听说君王将要向敝邑出兵，就用守龟占卜，致告龟甲说：‘我赶快派人去犒劳军队，请前去以观察楚王生气的大小而加以戒备，也许神能使我预先知道吉凶。’占卜的卦像告诉我们说吉利，说：‘得胜是可以预知的。’君王如果高高兴兴地迎接使臣，增加敝邑的懈怠而忘记危险，我们被灭亡就没有几天了。现在君王勃然大怒，虐待和逮捕使臣，将要用使臣的血来祭鼓，那么吴国就知道该怎么戒备了。敝邑虽然疲弱，如果早日修城郭备器用，也许可以阻止贵军的进攻。无论对患难还是平安都有准备，这可以说是吉利了。而且吴国为国家而占卜，难道是为了使臣一个人？使臣得以用血祭祀军鼓，而敝邑就知道防备，以抵御意外，难道说还有比这更大的吉利吗？国家的守护神龟，有什么事情不能占卜？一吉一凶，谁能够肯定落在哪件事情上？城濮的卦像，在邲城应验。现在这一趟出使，占卜的卦像也许会有应验的。”楚灵王于是就没有杀蹶由。
The King of Wu sent his brother to the Chu camp to reward the army. The Chu people captured him and planned to kill him and sacrifice his blood to the drum. King Ling of Chu sent someone to inquire and said, "Have you divined whether it is auspicious to come here?" Cuiyou replied: "It is auspicious." When I heard that the king was going to send troops to our city, he used a tortoise to divine and told the tortoise: "I will send people to reward the army quickly. Please go and observe how angry the king of Chu is. Maybe God can let me know in advance." Good or bad. ' The divination figures tell us good luck, saying: 'Victory can be predicted. ' If the king welcomes the envoy happily and increases the slack of the city and forgets the danger, we will be destroyed in a few days. Now the king is furious, tortures and arrests the envoy, and will use the envoy's blood to sacrifice the drum. How should we be on guard? Although our city is weak, if we build the city and prepare weapons as soon as possible, we may be able to prevent your army from attacking. This can be said to be auspicious. Moreover, the state of Wu performs divination for the sake of the envoy. , to resist the unexpected, is there anything more auspicious than this? The guardian turtle of the country, what things can't be predicted? Who can be sure which one will fall on it? Cheng Pu's hexagram will come true in Bicheng. "King Chu Ling then had no reason to kill.
楚师济于罗汭，沈尹赤会楚子，次于莱山。薳射帅繁扬之师，先入南怀，楚师従之。及汝清，吴不可入。楚子遂观兵于坻箕之山。是行也，吴早设备，楚无功而还，以蹶由归。楚子惧吴，使沈尹射待命于巢。薳启疆待命于雩娄。礼也。
The master of Chu helped Luo Ru, and Shen Yinchi met the master of Chu, who was second to Laishan. Xie She commanded Fanyang's army and entered Nanhuai first, but Chu's army fell in with him. As for Ruqing, Wu is not allowed to enter. Chu Zi then observed the troops at Diji Mountain. That's right. Wu had already prepared the equipment, but Chu returned without success and returned in defeat. Chuzi was afraid of Wu, so he sent Shen Yinshe to stay in the nest. Xie Qijiang is on standby at Hulou. Etiquette.
楚国的军队在罗汭渡河，沈尹赤和楚灵王会合，驻扎在莱山，薳射率领繁扬的军队先进入南怀，楚军跟上去。到达汝清，不能进入吴国。楚灵王就在坻箕之山检阅军队。这一次行动，吴国早已设防，楚国没有建功就回去了，带着蹶由回国。楚灵王惧怕吴国，派沈尹射在巢地待命，薳启彊在雩娄待命，这是合于礼的。
When the Chu army crossed the river at Luorui, Shen Yinchi and King Ling of Chu joined forces and stationed themselves at Laishan. Xue She led Fan Yang's army into Nanhuai first, and the Chu army followed. After arriving at Ruqing, you cannot enter the Kingdom of Wu. King Ling of Chu reviewed the army at Diji Mountain. In this operation, the State of Wu had already set up defenses, and the State of Chu returned without making any achievements, and returned home with a setback. King Ling of Chu was afraid of Wu, so he sent Shen Yinshe to stay in the nest and Xue Qiqiang to stay in Yulou. This was in line with etiquette.
秦后子复归于秦，景公卒故也。
The queen of Qin returned to Qin, and Duke Jing died.
秦国的后子再次回到秦国，这是由于秦景公去世的缘故。
The second son of Qin returned to Qin again because of the death of Qin Jinggong.
