【经】
二十有九年春，公至自乾侯，居于郓，齐侯使高张来唁公。公如晋，次于乾侯。夏四月庚子，叔诣卒。秋七月。冬十月，郓溃。
In the spring of the ninth year of the twentieth year, the Duke arrived at Zhi Qianhou and lived in Yun. The Marquis of Qi sent Gao Zhang to express his condolences to the Duke. The Duke is like the Jin Dynasty, and is second to the Qianhou. In the fourth month of summer, Gengzi died. Autumn July. In October of winter, it collapsed.
【传】
【Biography】
二十九年春，公至自乾侯，处于郓。齐侯使高张来唁公，称主君。子家子曰：“齐卑君矣，君只辱焉。”公如乾侯。
In the spring of the 29th year, the Duke arrived at Ziqianhou and was in Yun. The Marquis of Qi sent Gao Zhang to express his condolences to the Duke and call him the Lord. Zijiazi said: "Qi is humble to the king, and the king only insults you." The public is like the prince of Qian.
二十九年春季，鲁昭公从乾侯来到，住在郓地。齐景公派高张来慰问昭公，称他为主君。子家子说：“齐国轻视君王了，君王只得自取耻辱。”昭公就到乾侯去了。
In the spring of the 29th year, Duke Zhao of Lu came from Qianhou and lived in Yundi. Duke Jinggong of Qi sent Gao Zhang to express condolences to Duke Zhao and call him his lord. Zijiazi said: "Qi has despised its king, and the king has no choice but to bring shame upon himself." Duke Zhao went to Qianhou.
三月己卯，京师杀召伯盈、尹氏固及原伯鲁之子。尹固之复也，有妇人遇之周郊，尤之，曰：“处则劝人为祸，行则数日而反，是夫也，其过三岁乎？”
On Ji Mao in the third month, the capital killed Zhao Boying, Yin Shigu and Yuan Bolu's son. When Yin Gu returned home, he met a woman on the outskirts of the city. She said to him, "He always tries to persuade others to cause trouble, but when he goes out, he does it for a few days. Is this my husband? Is he over three years old?"
二月十三日，京城里杀了召伯盈、尹氏固和原伯鲁的儿子。尹氏固回去复位的时候，有个女人在成周郊外碰上他，责备他，说：“在国内就怂恿别人惹祸，逃亡出去了又几天就回来，这个人啊，难道能活过三年吗？”
On February 13, Zhao Boying, Yin Shigu and Yuan Bolu's sons were killed in the capital. When Yin Shigu went back to resettle, a woman met him on the outskirts of Chengzhou and scolded him, saying: "He encouraged others to cause trouble in the country, and fled only to come back a few days later. How can this person live more than three years?"
夏五月庚寅，王子赵车入于鄻（liǎn）以叛，阴不佞败之。
In the fifth month of summer, Geng Yin, Prince Zhao Che entered Phan (liǎn) to rebel, but Yin Buxie defeated him.
夏季，五月二十五日，王子赵车跑到鄻地而叛变，阴不佞打败了他。
In the summer, on May 25th, Prince Zhao Che ran to Phandi and rebelled, but Yin Bu Ni defeated him.
平子每岁贾马，具従者之衣屦，而归之于乾侯。公执归马者，卖之，乃不归马。
Every year when Pingzi is born, his horse will wear the clothes of a concubine, and he will be returned to Qianhou. If the public servant returns to the horse, he will not return to the horse if he sells it.
季平子每年买马，准备好随从人员的衣服鞋子，送到乾侯去，昭公逮捕了送马的人，卖掉了马。于是平子就不再送马去了。
Ji Pingzi bought horses every year, prepared the clothes and shoes of his entourage, and sent them to Qianhou. Duke Zhao arrested the person who sent the horses and sold the horses. So Pingzi stopped sending horses.
卫侯来献其乘马曰启服，堑而死，公将为之椟。子家子曰：“従者病矣，请以食之。”乃以帏裹之。
The Marquis of Wei came to present his horse and said that he was ready to serve. He died in a ditch, and the Duke was responsible for his coffin. Zijiazi said: "The person who is wandering is sick. Please feed him." So he wrapped it in a silk curtain.
卫灵公前来奉献他自己驾车的马，名叫启服，掉进坑里死了。昭公准备把马装进棺材埋起来，子家子说：“随从的人在生病了，请让他们把马吃了吧。”于是就用破帷幕包着马埋了。
Duke Linggong of Wei came to dedicate his own horse, named Qifu, which fell into a pit and died. Duke Zhao was about to put the horse into a coffin and bury it. Zijiazi said, "The people who are accompanying you are sick. Please let them eat the horse." So he wrapped the horse in a torn curtain and buried it.
公赐公衍羔裘，使献龙辅于齐侯，遂入羔裘。齐侯喜，与之阳谷。公衍、公为之生也，其母偕出。公衍先生，公为之母曰：“相与偕出，请相与偕告。”三日，公为生，其母先以告，公为为兄。公私喜于阳谷而思于鲁，曰：“务人为此祸也。且后生而为兄，其诬也久矣。”乃黜之，而以公衍为大子。
The Duke gave Gongyan Lamboqiu, and sent the dragon to assist the Marquis of Qi, so he entered Lamboqiu. The Marquis of Qi was happy and asked him to go to Yanggu. Gongyan and Gongwei gave birth to him, and his mother came out together. Mr. Gongyan, Gongwei's mother said: "I'm going out with you, please tell me." On the third day, Gongwei was born, and his mother told him first, and Gongwei was his brother. Gongsei was happy in Yanggu, but thought about Lu, saying: "This is a disaster for the people who serve. And the younger brother is his brother, and he has been falsely accused for a long time." So he deposed him and made Gongyan the eldest son.
昭公把羔羊皮赐给公衍，派他把龙纹的美玉献给齐景公，他就把羔羊皮也一起奉献，齐景公很高兴，给了他阳谷。公衍、公为出生的时候，他们的母亲一起出去住在产房里，公衍先出生。公为的母亲说：“我们一起出来，就一起去报喜。”过了三天，公为出生。公为的母亲先去报告，公为就做了哥哥。昭公心里对得到阳谷很高兴，而又想起鲁国的这段往事，说：“公为惹起了这场祸事。而且出生在后而做哥哥，这欺骗也很久了。”就废了公为，而把公衍作为太子。
Duke Zhao gave the lamb skin to Gong Yan and asked him to present the dragon-patterned jade to Duke Jin of Qi. He also offered the lamb skin. Duke Jin of Qi was very happy and gave him Yanggu. When Gongyan and Gongwei were born, their mothers went out to live in the delivery room together, and Gongyan was born first. Gongwei's mother said, "Let's go out together to announce the good news." Three days later, Gongwei was born. Gongwei's mother went to report first, and Gongwei became his elder brother. Duke Zhao was very happy to get Yanggu, but he remembered the past events of Lu State and said, "Gongwei caused this disaster. And he was born later and became the elder brother. This deception has been going on for a long time." He abolished Gongwei and made Gongyan the crown prince.
秋，龙见于绛郊。魏献子问于蔡墨曰：“吾闻之，虫莫知于龙，以其不生得也。谓之知，信乎？”对曰：“人实不知，非龙实知。古者畜龙，故国有豢龙氏，有御龙氏。”献子曰：“是二氏者，吾亦闻之，而知其故，是何谓也？”对曰：“昔有飂（liù，古国名，在今河南唐河县南。）叔安，有裔子曰董父，实甚好龙，能求其耆欲以饮食之，龙多归之。乃扰畜龙，以服事帝舜。帝赐之姓曰董，氏曰豢龙。封诸鬷川，鬷夷氏其后也。故帝舜氏世有畜龙。及有夏孔甲，扰于有帝，帝赐之乘龙，河、汉各二，各有雌雄，孔甲不能食，而未获豢龙氏。有陶唐氏既衰，其后有刘累，学扰龙于豢龙氏，以事孔甲，能饮食之。夏后嘉之，赐氏曰御龙，以更豕韦之后。龙一雌死，潜醢以食夏后。夏后飨之，既而使求之。惧而迁于鲁县，范氏其后也。”献子曰：“今何故无之？”对曰：“夫物，物有其官，官修其方，朝夕思之。一日失职，则死及之。失官不食。官宿其业，其物乃至。若泯弃之，物乃坻伏，郁湮不育。故有五行之官，是谓五官。实列受氏姓，封为上公，祀为贵神。社稷五祀，是尊是奉。木正曰句芒，火正曰祝融，金正曰蓐收，水正曰玄冥，土正曰后土。龙，水物也。水官弃矣，故龙不生得。不然，《周易》有之，在《乾》之《姤》，曰：‘潜龙勿用。’其《同人》曰：‘见龙在田。’其《大有》曰：‘飞龙在天。’其《夬》曰：‘亢龙有悔。’其《坤》曰：‘见群龙无首，吉。’《坤》之《剥》曰：‘龙战于野。’若不朝夕见，谁能物之？”献子曰：“社稷五祀，谁氏之五官也？”对曰：“少皞氏有四叔，曰重、曰该、曰修、曰熙，实能金、木及水。使重为句芒，该为蓐收，修及熙为玄冥，世不失职，遂济穷桑，此其三祀也。颛顼氏有子曰犁，为祝融；共工氏有子曰句龙，为后土，此其二祀也。后土为社；稷，田正也。有烈山氏之子曰柱为稷，自夏以上祀之。周弃亦为稷，自商以来祀之。”
In autumn, dragons are seen in Jiangjiao. Wei Xianzi asked Cai Mo: "I heard that insects don't know about dragons because they don't live. Do you believe that they know?" He said to him: "People really don't know, but dragons really know. In ancient times, people kept dragons, and in my country there are dragons. Xianzi said: "I have also heard of the two clans, and I know why. What is it?" He said: "In the past, there was a name for the country in the south of Tanghe County, Henan Province." Shu'an has a descendant named Dong's father, who is really fond of dragons. He can ask his elders to feed him, and many dragons come back to serve Emperor Shun. Later, Emperor Shun's family had a dragon, and there was an emperor named Kongjia. The emperor gave him two riding dragons, one from He and another from Han. Kongjia couldn't eat it, so he didn't get the dragon family from Tao. Later, Liu Lei learned to disturb the dragon in order to serve Kong Jia, and he was able to eat and drink it. After Xia Hou, he was given the title of Yulong, and after the death of the female dragon, he hid in the grave to feed Xia Hou. After that, he was afraid and moved to Lu County. Xianzi said, "Why don't you have it now?" If you lose your official position, you will not be able to eat it. If it is lost and abandoned, the thing will be sluggish and sterile. Therefore, it is said that the official name is given by the five sense organs, and it is named Shanggong. Noble God. The Five Sacrificial Sacrifice of Sheji are: Wood is called Jumang, Fire is called Zhurong, Water is called Xuanming, and Earth is called Houtu. The water official is abandoned, so the dragon is not born. Otherwise, there is it in "Zhouyi", in "Qian" in "Qian", it says: "Don't use Qianlong." ’ His “Tongren” said: “I saw a dragon in the field. ’ His “Dayou” says: “The flying dragon is in the sky. ’ His “夬” says: “A proud dragon has regrets.” ’ His "Kun" says: "It is auspicious to see a group of dragons without a leader." 'Peel' in 'Kun' says: 'The dragon fights in the wild. ’ If we don’t see each other day and night, who can take care of him? Xianzi said: "Whose family has the five sense organs of the country?" "The Shaohao family has four uncles, namely Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi, who are actually capable of metal, wood and water." The most important thing is Jumang, the most important thing is production and harvesting, the most important thing is Xuanming, the most important thing is Xuanming, the most important thing is Xuanming, the most important thing is to help poor people, these are the three sacrifices. The Zhuanxu family had a son named Li, who was named Zhurong; the Gonggong family had a son called Julong, who was Houtu, and these were the two sacrifices. Houtu is the society; Ji, Tianzhengye. A son of the Lieshan clan called Zhu Weiji and worshiped it since Xia Dynasty. Zhou Qi also became Ji, and he has been worshiped since the Shang Dynasty. "
秋季，龙出现在绛地郊外，魏献子问蔡墨说：“我听说，虫类没有比龙再聪明的了，因为它不能被人活捉。认为它聪明，是这样吗？”蔡墨说：“实在是人不聪明，不是龙聪明，古代养龙，所以国内有豢龙氏、御龙氏。”献子说：“这两家，我也听说过，但不知道他们的来历，这是说的什么呢？”蔡墨回答说：“过去有飂国的国君叔安，有一个后代叫董父，实在很喜欢龙，能够了解龙的嗜好要求来喂养它们，龙去他那里的很多，于是就驯服饲养龙，用来伺候帝舜。帝舜赐他姓叫董，氏叫豢龙，封他在鬷川，鬷夷氏就是他的后代。所以帝舜氏世世代代有养龙的。到了夏代国君孔甲，顺服天帝，天帝赐给他驾车的龙，黄河、汉水的各两条，各有一雌一雄。孔甲不能饲养，而又没有找到豢龙氏。有陶唐氏已经衰落，后来又有刘累，向豢龙氏学习驯龙，以此事奉孔甲，能够饲养这几条龙。孔甲嘉奖他，赐氏叫御龙，用他代替豕韦的后代。龙中一条雌的死了，刘累偷偷地剁成肉酱给孔甲吃，孔甲吃了，后来又让刘累再找来吃。刘累害怕而迁移到鲁县，范氏就是他的后代。”献子说：“现在为什么没有了？”蔡墨回答说：“事物都有管理它的官吏，官吏修治他的管理方法，早晚都考虑这些事。一旦失职，就要丢掉性命。丢了官就不能吃公家的俸禄。官员世代从事这方面的工作，生物才会来到。如果消灭丢弃它们，生物就自己潜伏，抑郁不能成长。因此有职掌五行的官员，这叫做五官，一代一代继承姓氏，封爵是上公，祭祀是贵神。在土地神、五谷神和五行之神的祭祀中，对他们尊敬崇奉。木官之长叫做句芒，火官之长叫祝融，金官之长叫蓐收，水官之长叫玄冥，土官之长叫后土。龙，是属于水生的生物，水官废弃了，所以龙不能被人活捉。如果不这样，《周易》就有《乾》卦初九《爻辞》说：‘潜伏的龙不被使用’；九二《爻辞》说，‘活着的龙在土田里’；九五《爻辞》说，‘飞舞的龙在天上’；上九《爻辞》说，‘伸直身子的龙有所悔恨’；用九《爻辞》说：‘见到群龙没有首领，吉利’；《坤》卦变成《剥》卦说，‘龙在野外交战’，如果不是早晚都见到，谁能够说出它们的状态？”献子说：“土地神、五谷神庙里的五种祭祀，是哪一代帝王的五官？”蔡墨回答说：“少皞氏有四个叔父，叫重、叫该、叫修、叫熙，能够管理金、木和水。派重做句芒，该做蓐收，修和熙做玄冥。世世代代不失职守，就帮助穷桑氏成功，这是其中的三种祭祀。颛顼氏有个儿子叫犁，做了祝融，共工氏有个儿子叫句龙，做了后土，这是其中的两种祭祀。后土做了土地神。五谷神，是管理土田的官员之长，有烈山氏的儿子叫柱，做了谷神，从夏朝以上祭祀他，周朝的弃也做了五谷神，从商朝以来祭祀他。”
In autumn, the dragon appeared on the outskirts of Jiangdi. Wei Xianzi asked Cai Mo: "I heard that there is no insect smarter than the dragon, because it cannot be caught alive. Do you think it is smart?" Cai Mo said: "It is really people who are not smart, not the dragons who are smart. Dragons were raised in ancient times, so there are the Huanlong clan and the Yulong clan in the country." Xianzi said: "I have heard of these two families, but I don't know their origins. What are you talking about?" Cai Mo replied: "In the past, there was a descendant of Shu'an, the king of the Shang Kingdom, who was really fond of dragons and could understand their hobbies and requirements and feed them. There were many dragons there, so he tamed and raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun. Emperor Shun gave him the name Dong and his family name Huanlong, and granted him a title in Fuchuan. The Fuyi family was his descendant. When the king of Xia Dynasty, Kong Jia, obeyed the Emperor of Heaven, the Emperor gave him two dragons, one female and one male each from the Yellow River and the Han River. Kong Jia could not raise them, but he could not find the Huanlong family. Later, Liu Lei learned how to train dragons from the Huanlong family, and he was able to raise these dragons. Kong Jia rewarded him and named him Yulong. One of the females died, and Liu Lei secretly chopped it into meat sauce for Kong Jia to eat. Later, Liu Lei was frightened and moved to Lu County. The Fan family was his descendant. If you lose your official position, you cannot take advantage of the public salary. Officials have been engaged in this work for generations, and living things will come. If they are eliminated and discarded, the living things will lurk on their own, and depression will not be able to grow. Therefore, there are officials in charge of the five elements, which are called the five sense organs. The surnames are inherited from generation to generation. They are respected and worshiped in the sacrifices to the God of Earth, God of Grain and God of Five Elements. The chief of the wood officer is called Jumang, the chief of the fire officer is called Zhurong, the chief of the gold officer is called Piaoshou, the chief of the water officer is called Xuanming, and the chief of the earth officer is called Houtu. Dragons are aquatic creatures. The water official has been abandoned, so dragons cannot be caught alive. If this is not the case, the "Yao Ci" on the ninth day of the "Qian" hexagram in the "Book of Changes" says: "The lurking dragon is not used." It says, "The stretched-out dragon has regrets"; the Nine Yao Ci says: "It is auspicious to see a group of dragons without a leader"; the "Kun" hexagram becomes the "Pi" hexagram and says, 'dragons are fighting in the wild'. If we don't see them sooner or later, who can tell their state? Xianzi said: "The five kinds of sacrifices in the temple of the earth god and the five grains are the facial features of which emperor?" Cai Mo replied: "Shaohao has four uncles named Chong, Gai, Xiu and Xi, who can manage gold, wood and water." Send him to do Ju Mang, he should do production and harvest, Xiu Hexi should do Xuan Ming. For generations, they have not neglected their duties and helped the Qiong Sang family succeed. These are three of the sacrifices. The Zhuanxu family had a son named Li who became Zhurong, and the Gonggong family had a son named Goulong who became Houtu. These were two of the sacrifices. Hou Tu became the god of the earth. The Grain God is the head of the officials who manage the land. There is a son of the Lieshan family named Zhu who has been worshiped as the Grain God since the Xia Dynasty and above. In the Zhou Dynasty, Qi also became the Grain God and has been worshiped since the Shang Dynasty. "
冬，晋赵鞅、荀寅帅师城汝滨，遂赋晋国一鼓铁，以铸刑鼎，著范宣子所为刑书焉。
In the winter, Zhao Yang and Xun Yin of the Jin Dynasty marched to Rubin, and they gave the Jin State a drum of iron to cast a punishment tripod, and wrote the punishment book written by Fan Xuanzi.
冬季，晋国的赵鞅、荀寅带兵在汝水岸边筑城，于是向晋国的百姓征收了四百八十斤铁，用来铸造刑鼎，在鼎上铸着范宣子所制定的刑书。
In the winter, Zhao Yang and Xun Yin of the Jin State led their troops to build a city on the bank of the Ru River. They levied 480 kilograms of iron from the people of the Jin State and used it to cast a punishment tripod. On the tripod, the punishment book drawn up by Fan Xuanzi was cast.
仲尼曰：“晋其亡乎！失其度矣。夫晋国将守唐叔之所受法度，以经纬其民，卿大夫以序守之。民是以能尊其贵，贵是以能守其业。贵贱不愆，所谓度也。文公是以作执秩之官，为被庐之法，以为盟主。今弃是度也，而为刑鼎，民在鼎矣，何以尊贵？贵何业之守？贵贱无序，何以为国？且夫宣子之刑，夷之蒐也，晋国之乱制也，若之何以为法？蔡史墨曰：“范氏、中行氏其亡乎！中行寅为下卿，而干上令，擅作刑器，以为国法，是法奸也。又加范氏焉，易之，亡也。其及赵氏，赵孟与焉。然不得已，若德，可以免。”
Zhongni said: "Jin is dead! It has lost its authority. The Jin State will abide by the laws received by Uncle Tang. The people will be governed by the longitude and latitude, and the ministers and officials will observe it in order. The people are able to respect their nobles, and the nobles are able to keep their careers. There is no distinction between high and low. This is called "du". Wen Gong is the official who enforces the order, and it is the law of being in the house. Think of it as the leader of the alliance. Now that the people are in the tripod, why should they be respected? If the nobles and the lowly are disordered, why should the country be punished? Cai Shimo said: "How can the Fan family and the Zhongxing family be destroyed?" Zhongxing Yin is a subordinate, but he carries out the orders of the superior, is good at making torture instruments, and thinks of the national law, which is a traitor to the law. He also added Fan's family, changed it, and died. As for the Zhao family, Zhao Meng and Yan. However, if you have no choice but to be virtuous, you can avoid it. "
孔子说：“晋国恐怕要灭亡了吧！失掉了法度了。晋国应该遵守唐叔传下来的法度，作为百姓的准则，卿大夫按照他们的位次来维护它，百姓才能尊敬贵人，贵人因此能保守他们的家业。贵贱的差别没有错乱，这就是所谓法度。文公因此设立执掌官职位次的官员，在被庐制定法律，以作为盟主。现在废弃这个法令，而铸造了刑鼎，百姓都能看到鼎上的条文，还用什么来尊敬贵人？贵人还有什么家业可保守？贵贱没有次序，还怎么治理国家？而且范宣子的刑书，是在夷地检阅时制定的，是违犯晋国旧礼的乱法，怎么能把它当成法律呢？”蔡史墨说：“范氏、中行氏恐怕要灭亡了吧！中行寅是下卿，但违反上面的命令，擅自铸造刑鼎，以此作为国家的法律，这是违犯法令的罪人，又加上范氏改变被庐制定的法律，这就要灭亡了。恐怕还要牵涉到赵氏，因为赵孟参与了。但赵孟出于不得已，如果修养德行，是可以避免祸患的。”
Confucius said: "The Kingdom of Jin is probably going to perish! It has lost its laws. The Kingdom of Jin should abide by the laws passed down by Uncle Tang. As a rule for the people, the officials should maintain it according to their rank. Only then can the people respect the nobles, and the nobles can protect their family property. There is no confusion between the noble and the humble. , This is the so-called law. Therefore, Duke Wen set up the officials in charge of the official position to make laws in the palace. Now that this law is abandoned and the punishment tripod is cast, the people can see the provisions on the tripod. What else can the nobles have to protect their family property? How can we govern the country if there is order? Moreover, Fan Xuanzi's criminal law was formulated during the review of the Yi Dynasty. It violated the old etiquette of the Jin Dynasty. How can it be regarded as law?" Cai Shimo said: "I am afraid that the Fan family and the Zhongxing family will be destroyed! Zhongxing Yin is a minister, but he violates the orders above. He made the punishment tripod as the law of the country, which is a violation of the law. In addition, the Fan family changed the law enacted by Bei Lu. I am afraid that the Zhao family will be involved, but Zhao Meng had no choice but to cultivate his virtue. "
