【经】
三十年春王正月，公在乾侯。夏六月庚辰，晋侯去疾卒。秋八月，葬晋顷公。冬十有二月，吴灭徐，徐子章羽奔楚。
In the first month of Spring in the thirtieth year, the Duke was in Qianhou. In Gengchen, the sixth month of summer, the Marquis of Jin died. In autumn and August, Duke Qing of Jin was buried. In the second month of the tenth month of winter, Wu destroyed Xu, and Xu Zizhang and Yu fled to Chu.
【传】
【Biography】
三十年春，王正月，公在乾侯。不先书郓与乾侯，非公，且征过也。
In the spring of the thirtieth year, during the first month of the lunar month, the Duke was in Qianhou. If you don't write to Yun and Qianhou first, it's not public, and you've already conquered it.
三十年春季，周王朝历法的正月，鲁昭公在乾侯。《春秋》以前不记载“公在郓”或“在乾侯”，这是认为昭公不对，而且说明过错所在。
In the spring of the thirtieth year, on the first month of the Zhou Dynasty's calendar, Lu Zhaogong was in Qianhou. The Spring and Autumn Annals did not record "the Duke was in Yun" or "the Duke was in Qianhou" before. This was because he believed that Duke Zhao was wrong and explained the fault.
夏六月，晋顷公卒。秋八月，葬。郑游吉吊，且送葬，魏献子使士景伯诘之，曰：“悼公之丧，子西吊，子蟜送葬。今吾子无贰，何故？”对曰：“诸侯所以归晋君，礼也。礼也者，小事大，大字小之谓。事大在共其时命，字小在恤其所无。以敝邑居大国之间，共其职贡，与其备御不虞之患，岂忘共命？先王之制：诸侯之丧，士吊，大夫送葬；唯嘉好、聘享、三军之事，于是乎使卿。晋之丧事，敝邑之间，先君有所助执绋矣。若其不间，虽士大夫有所不获数矣。大国之惠，亦庆其加，而不讨其乏，明厎其情，取备而已，以为礼也。灵王之丧，我先君简公在楚，我先大夫印段实往，敝邑之少卿也。王吏不讨，恤所无也。今大夫曰：‘女盍従旧？’旧有丰有省，不知所従。従其丰，则寡君幼弱，是以不共。従其省，则吉在此矣。唯大夫图之。”晋人不能诘。
In the sixth month of summer, Duke Qing of Jin died. Autumn and August, buried. Zheng Youji paid tribute to Ji and went to the funeral. Wei Xianzi sent Jing Bo to interrogate him and said: "In mourning for the duke, my son went to the west to mourn, and my son went to the funeral. Now I have no two sons, why?" He said to him: "The reason why the princes return to the king of Jin is etiquette. The etiquette also means that small things are big, big words are small, big words are small, big things are big, they are shared. The order of the time is small, and it means that we have nothing to do. We live among the big countries, share their duties and tributes, and prepare for the dangers. How can we forget the system of the previous kings: when the princes mourn, the officials mourn, and the three armies are only honored, so the ministers are sent to the Jin Dynasty for the funeral. In our city, the former monarch has been able to help us. If he had not been there, even though the scholar-bureaucrats would have benefited greatly from the great country, they would still be grateful for the benefits, and would not be grateful for the benefits. It was only a matter of courtesy for the mourning of King Ling. It turns out that I have a young official who doesn't want to ask for help. Now the doctor said: "You have a lot of wealth, but you don't know what to do with it. If you want to be rich, you will be weak, so you will be lucky." The Jin people can't ask.
夏季，六月，晋顷公死了。秋季，八月，下葬。郑国的游吉前去吊唁并送葬。魏献子让士景伯质问游吉，说：“悼公的丧事，子西吊唁，子?送葬。现在您只有一个人，是什么缘故？”游吉回答说：“诸侯所以归服晋国国君，这是认为晋国有礼。礼这件事，就是说小国事奉大国，大国爱抚小国。事奉大国在于恭敬地按时执行命令，爱抚小国在于体恤小国的缺乏。由于敝邑处在大国之间，供应它所需的贡品，还要参与战备以防意外，难道能忘了恭敬地执行吊丧送葬的礼节？先王的制度：诸侯的丧事，士吊唁，大夫送葬，只有朝会、聘问、宴享、军事行动才派遣卿。晋国的丧事，当敝邑闲暇无事，先君曾经亲自来送葬。如果不得闲暇，即使是士、大夫有时也难于派遣。大国的恩惠，也会是嘉许敝邑对大国的常礼有所增加，而不责备它的缺乏，明白敝邑的忠诚，只是要求礼仪具备，就可以认为合于礼了。周灵王的丧事，我们先君简公在楚国，我们先大夫印段前去送葬，他还是敝邑的下卿。天子的官吏并没有责备我们，这是由于体恤敝邑的缺乏。现在大夫说：‘你们为什么不按照过去的礼节办？’过去的礼节有隆重有减省，不知道应该按照什么。根据隆重，那么寡君年纪小，因此不能前来。根据减省，那么吉在这里了。请大夫考虑一下！”晋国人不能再质问了。
In summer, in June, Duke Qing of Jin died. Autumn, August, buried. You Ji from the State of Zheng went to express his condolences and pay homage to him. Wei Xianzi asked Shi Jingbo to question You Ji, saying: "In the funeral of the Duke, Zi Xi expressed condolences and Zi Xi went to the funeral. Why are you alone now?" You Ji replied: "The reason why the princes submit to the king of Jin is because they think Jin is polite. The matter of etiquette means that small countries serve big countries, and big countries care for small countries. Serving a big country means executing orders respectfully and on time, and caring for small countries means showing compassion. The lack of a small country. Since we are in the middle of big countries, we need to provide tributes and prepare for war. How can we forget to carry out the funeral etiquette respectfully? For the funerals of princes, officials pay their condolences, and ministers are only sent for court meetings, invitations, banquets, and military operations. For Jin's funeral, the emperor once came to the funeral in person. If you don't have time, even the officials will find it difficult to send. The favor of a big country will be appreciated, but it will not be blamed for its lack. Knowing that the loyalty of the city only requires the fulfillment of etiquette, it can be regarded as appropriate. At the funeral of King Ling of Zhou, our ancestor Yin Duan went to the funeral, and he was still the minister of the city. The officials did not blame us because of the lack of sympathy for the city. Now the doctor said, "Why don't you follow the etiquette of the past?"
吴子使徐人执掩余，使钟吾人执烛庸二公子奔楚，楚子大封，而定其徙。使监马尹大心逆吴公子，使居养莠尹然、左司马沈尹戌城之，取于城父与胡田以与之。将以害吴也。子西谏曰：“吴光新得国，而亲其民，视民如子，辛苦同之，将用之也。若好吴边疆，使柔服焉，犹惧其至。吾又疆其仇以重怒之，无乃不可乎！吴，周之胄裔也，而弃在海滨，不与姬通。今而始大，比于诸华。光又甚文，将自同于先王。不知天将以为虐乎，使翦丧吴国而封大异姓乎？其抑亦将卒以祚吴乎？其终不远矣。我盍姑亿吾鬼神，而宁吾族姓，以待其归。将焉用自播扬焉？”王弗听。
Wu Zi sent people from Xu to cover the rest, and sent Zhong Wu to take Zhu Yong and his two sons to go to Chu. Chu Zi was granted a great title and decided to move there. He sent the eunuch Ma Yin Daxin to rebel against Mr. Wu, and sent him to live in the city to support Chu Yinran and Zuo Sima Shen Yinxu. They took the city father and Hu Tian to give them to him. It will harm Wu Ye. Zixi admonished: "Wu Guangxin won the country, and he loved its people. He regarded the people as his sons, and worked hard with them, and he would use them. If he treats Wu's border and makes him soft and subdued, he is still afraid of its arrival. I also want to enmity with Wu and make him angry. It's all right! Wu is a descendant of Zhou Zhou, but he abandoned it on the seashore and did not communicate with Ji. Now the great war has begun. , Compared with Zhuhua. The general is the same as the previous king. I wonder if the general will deprive Wu of his country and give him a different surname?
吴王让徐国人逮捕掩馀，让钟吾人逮捕烛庸，两个公子逃亡到楚国。楚昭王大封土地给他们，并确定他们迁居的地方，派监马尹大心迎接吴国公子，让他们住在养地，派莠尹然、左司马沈尹戌在那里筑城，把城父和胡地的土田给他们，准备用他们危害吴国。子西劝谏楚昭王说：“吴光新近得到国家，亲爱他的百姓，把百姓看成像儿子一样，和百姓同甘共苦，这是准备使用他们了。如果和吴国边境上的人结好，让他们温柔亲服，还恐怕吴军的到来。现在我们又让他们的仇人强大，以加重他们的愤怒，恐怕不可以吧！吴国是周朝的后代，而被抛弃在海边，不能和姬姓各国相往来，现在才开始壮大，可以和中原各国相比，吴光又很有知识，准备使自己和先王一样。不知道上天将要使他暴虐，让他灭亡吴国而使异姓之国扩大土地呢？还是将最终要保佑吴国呢？恐怕它的结果不久可以知道。我们何不姑且安定我们的鬼神，宁静我们的百姓，以等待他的结果，哪里用得着自己辛劳呢？”楚昭王不听子西的谏言。
The King of Wu asked the Xu people to arrest Bian Yu and Zhong Wu to arrest Zhu Yong. The two young masters fled to Chu. King Zhao of Chu granted them a large land grant and determined the place where they would move. He sent the eunuch Ma Yin Daxin to welcome the princes of Wu and let them live in the Yangtze. He sent Chu Yinran and Zuo Sima Shen Yinxu to build the city there, and gave them the land of Cheng Fu and Hu Di, preparing to use them to harm Wu. Zixi advised King Zhao of Chu: "Wu Guang has recently acquired the country. He loves his people and regards them as his sons. He shares the joys and sorrows with them. This means he is ready to use them. If he makes good friends with the people on the border of Wu State, let them warm him. Rou Qin is afraid of the arrival of Wu Jun. Now we make their enemies stronger to increase their anger. I'm afraid it's not possible! The Wu Kingdom is a descendant of the Zhou Dynasty and was abandoned by the sea. It cannot interact with other countries named Ji. Wu Guang has just begun to grow, and can be compared with other countries in the Central Plains. Wu Guang is very knowledgeable and is ready to be like the previous king. I wonder if God will make him tyrannical and let him destroy the country of Wu and expand the territory of the country with different surnames? How about protecting the state of Wu? I'm afraid the outcome will be known soon. Why don't we just calm down our ghosts and our people and wait for his outcome? "What's the use of our own hard work?" King Zhao of Chu didn't listen to Zi Xi's advice.
吴子怒。冬十二月，吴子执钟吴子，遂伐徐，防山以水之。己卯，灭徐。徐子章禹断其发，携其夫人，以逆吴子。吴子唁而送之，使其迩臣従之，遂奔楚。楚沈尹戌帅师救徐，弗及，遂城夷，使徐子处之。
Wu Zi was angry. In the twelfth month of winter, Wu Zi held the bell and Wu Zi then attacked Xu and defended the mountains with water. Ji Mao, destroy Xu. Xu Zi and Zhang Yu cut off his hair and took his wife to rebel against Wu Zi. Wu Zi expressed his condolences and sent him off, causing his closest ministers to leave him alone and then fled to Chu. The commander Shen Yinxu of Chu rescued Xu, but he was unable to reach him, so he led the barbarians into the city and sent Xu Zi to deal with them.
吴王阖庐发怒。冬季，十二月，吴王逮捕了钟吾子。于是就进攻徐国，堵住山上的水再灌入徐国。二十三日，灭亡徐国。徐国国君章禹剪断头发，带着他夫人迎接吴王。吴王加以慰问后送走了他，让他的近臣跟着，于是就逃亡到楚国。楚国的沈尹戌领兵救徐国，没有赶上。于是就在夷地筑城，让徐国国君住在那里。
King Wu's house was angry. In winter, in December, King Wu arrested Zhong Wuzi. So he attacked Xu State, blocked the water in the mountains and poured it into Xu State. On the 23rd, Xu State was destroyed. Zhang Yu, the king of Xu, cut off his hair and took his wife to welcome the king of Wu. The king of Wu sent him away after expressing his condolences, and asked his ministers to follow him, so he fled to the state of Chu. Shen Yinxu of Chu State led troops to rescue Xu State, but failed to catch up. So he built a city in Yidi and let the king of Xu live there.
吴子问于伍员曰：“初而言伐楚，余知其可也，而恐其使余往也，又恶人之有余之功也。今余将自有之矣，伐楚何如？”对曰：“楚执政众而乖，莫适任患。若为三师以肄焉，一师至，彼必皆出。彼出则归，彼归则出，楚必道敝。亟肄以罢之，多方以误之。既罢而后以三军继之，必大克之。”阖庐従之，楚于是乎始病。
Wu Zi asked Yu Yu: "At the beginning, I wanted to attack Chu. I knew it was possible, but I was afraid that it would force others to go, and the evil people would have more than enough achievements. Now I will have my own way, how about attacking Chu?" He said to him: "The people in power in Chu are obedient, and they are not suitable for any trouble. If When one of the three armies arrives, they will all go out. If they go out, they will go out, and if they go back, they will go out. Chu must attack them urgently, and use multiple forces to defeat them. After they are defeated, they will be defeated by the three armies.
吴王问伍员说：“当初你说进攻楚国，我知道能够成功，但恐怕他们派我前去，又不愿意别人占了我的功劳。现在我将要自己占有这份功劳了。进攻楚国怎么样？”伍员回答说：“楚国执政的人多而不和，没有人敢承担责任。如果组织三支部队对楚国来个突然袭击而又迅速撤退，一支部队到那里，他们必然会全军应战。他们出来，我们就退回来；他们回去，我们就出动，楚军必定在路上疲于奔命。屡次突袭快撤使他们疲劳，用各种方法使他们失误。他们疲乏以后再派三军继续进攻，必定大胜他们。”阖庐听从了他的意见，楚国从此就开始困顿疲乏了。
The King of Wu asked Wu Yuan: "When you said to attack Chu State, I knew it would be successful, but I'm afraid they sent me there, and they didn't want others to take my credit. Now I will take the credit myself. How about attacking Chu State?" Wu Yuan Yuan replied: "The people in Chu State are in power and are discordant, and no one dares to take responsibility. If three troops are organized to make a surprise attack on Chu State and quickly retreat. When an army arrives, they will definitely fight. When they come out, we will retreat; when they go back, we will move out, and the Chu army will be exhausted on the road. Repeated raids will make them make mistakes. If they continue to attack after they are tired, they will definitely defeat them." Helu listened to his advice, and the Chu army began to feel tired.
