【Original text】
初①，郑武公娶于申② ，日武姜③。生庄公及共叔段④。庄公寤生⑤，惊姜氏，故名曰“寤生”，遂恶之⑥。爱共叔段，欲立之，亟 请于武公⑦，公弗许。及庄公即位，为之请制⑧。公曰：“制，岩邑 也⑨， 虢叔死焉⑩，伦邑唯命⑾。”请京⑿，使居之，谓之“京城大 叔”。
In the early ①, Duke Wu of Zheng married Yu Shen ② and Riwu Jiang ③. Shengzhuang Gong and Gongshu Duan ④. Zhuang Gong was born in Wansheng ⑤, which frightened the Jiang family, so he was named "Wansheng", and he was evil ⑥. I love Gongshu Duan and want to establish it, so I urgently ask Duke Wu to do it, but he doesn't agree. When Duke Zhuang ascended the throne, he asked for the throne. The duke said: "Zhi, Yan Yi Ye 9, Uncle Guo died 10, Lun Yi is the only one ordered." Please invite the capital 10, envoys live there, he is called "Uncle in the capital".
祭仲曰⒀：“都，城过百雉⒁，国之害也。先王之制：大都，不 过参国之一⒂；中，五之一；小，九之一。今京不度，非制也，君 将不堪⒃。”公曰：“姜氏欲之，焉辟害⒄？”对曰：“姜氏何厌之有⒅？ 不如早为之所⒆，无使滋蔓。蔓，难图也⒇”。蔓草犹不可除，况君之宠弟乎？”公曰：“多行不义，必自毙(21)，子姑待之。”
Ji Zhong said ⒀: "Dudu, a city with hundreds of pheasants⒁⒁, is also a harm to the country. The system of the previous kings: Dadu is only one of the participating countries⒂; medium, one of five; small, one of nine. If the capital is not controlled now, it is not controlled, and the king will be unbearable." The duke said: "The Jiang family wants it, how can it prevent harm?" He said to him: "Why does the Jiang family hate it?" It's better to do it early, and it will be difficult to prevent the vines from growing." The vines still cannot be removed. Is this your favorite brother? "The duke said: "If you do too much injustice, you will die yourself (21), and your aunt will treat him. "
既而大叔命西鄙、北鄙贰于己(22)。公于吕曰（23）：“国不堪贰，君 将若之何（24）。？欲与大叔，臣请事之；若弗与，则请除之，无生民心。” 公曰：“无庸（25），将自及。”大叔又收贰以为己邑，至于廪延（26）。子 封曰：“可矣。厚将得众。”公曰：“不义不昵（27）”，厚将崩。”
Then the uncle ordered Xibi and Beipi to treat him (22). Duke Yu said to Lu (23): "The country is in a state of ruin, so what should you do with your ruler and generals (24)? ? If you want to meet the uncle, I will ask you to do it; if you don't want to do it, please get rid of him. It will not affect the hearts of the people. "The public said: "There is no need (25), I will reach it myself. "The uncle took them as his own town, and moved them to Linyan (26). Zi Feng said, "That's all right. A thick general will win many people. "The public said: "If you are unjust and unfaithful (27)", you will collapse."
大叔完聚（28），缮甲兵，具卒乘（29），将袭郑。夫人将启之（30）。公闻其期，曰：“可矣！”命子封帅车二百乘以伐京（31）。京叛大叔段。段 人于鄢“。公伐诸鄢。五月辛丑（32），大叔出奔共。
The uncle gathered together (28), repaired the armor and soldiers, prepared soldiers and rides (29), and was about to attack Zheng. The lady will start it (30). When the public heard about the date, he said: "That's all right!" He ordered his son to send his commander-in-chief with two hundred chariots to attack the capital (31). Uncle Duan rebels in Beijing. Duan was born in Yan. The public attacked Zhu Yan. In the fifth month of Xinchou (32), the uncle went out to join the Communist Party.
遂置姜氏于城颍（34），而誓之日：“不及黄泉，无相见也（35）。”既而悔之。
Then he placed the Jiang family in Ying City (34) and swore an oath: "Not as good as Huangquan, and we will never meet each other (35). "I regret it now.
颍考叔为颍谷封人（36），闻之，有献于公。公赐之食。食舍肉（37）。
Uncle Yingkao was a feudal lord of Yinggu (36). After hearing about it, he offered it to the public. Food given by the public. Eat the meat of the house (37).
【注释】
【Note】
（1）大学之道：大学的宗旨。“大学”一词在古代有两种含义：一是“博 学”的意思；二是相对于小学而言的“大人之学”。古人八岁人小学，学习 “洒扫应对进退、礼乐射御书数”等文化基础知识和礼节；十五岁人大学，学 习伦理、政治、哲学等“穷理正心，修己治人”的学问。所以，后一种含义 其实也和前一种含义有相通的地方，同样有“博学”的意思。”道“的本义是 道路，引申为规律、原则等，在中国古代哲学、政治学里，也指宇宙万物的 本原、个体，一定的政治观或思想体系等，在不同的上下文环境里有不同的 意思。 （2）明明德：前一个“明”作动词，有使动的意味，即“使彰明”， 也就是发扬、弘扬的意思。后一个“明”作形容词，明德也就是光明正大的 品德。 （3）亲民：根据后面的“传”文，“亲”应为“新”，即革新、弃旧 图新。亲民，也就是新民，使人弃旧图新、去恶从善。（4）知止：知道目标所在。 （5）得：收获。 （6）齐其家：管理好自己的家庭或家族，使家 庭或家族和和美美，蒸蒸日上，兴旺发达。 （7）修其身：修养自身的品性。 （8）致其知：使自己获得知识。 （9） 格物：认识、研究万事万物。 。（10）庶人：指平民百姓。 （11）壹是：都是。本：根本。 （12）末：相对于本 而言，指枝末、枝节。 （13）厚者薄：该重视的不重视。薄者厚：不该重视 的却加以重视。 （14）未之有也：即未有之也。没有这样的道理（事情、做 法等）。 【译文】
(1) The way of the university: the purpose of the university. The word "university" has two meanings in ancient times: one is "erudite"; the other is "adult learning" compared to primary school. The ancients went to elementary school at the age of eight to learn basic cultural knowledge and etiquette such as "sweeping and sweeping, responding to advances and retreats, etiquette, music, and archery"; at the age of 15, they went to college to learn ethics, politics, philosophy and other knowledge of "pursuing principles to rectify the mind, cultivating oneself and governing others". Therefore, the latter meaning is actually similar to the former meaning, and it also means "erudite". The original meaning of "Tao" is road, which can be extended to laws, principles, etc. In ancient Chinese philosophy and politics, it also refers to the origin and individuality of all things in the universe, a certain political outlook or ideological system, etc. It has different meanings in different contexts. (2) Ming Ming De: The first "Ming" is used as a verb, which means to make it clear, that is, "to make it clear", which means to carry forward and carry forward. The latter "ming" is used as an adjective, and Mingde is an upright character. (3) Closeness to the people: According to the following "biography" article, "closeness" should mean "new", which means innovation, abandoning the old and seeking the new. Being close to the people, that is, the new people, enables people to abandon the old and pursue the new, to abandon evil and do good. (4) Zhizhi: Know where the goal is. (5) Get: Harvest. (6) Qi Qijia: Manage your own family or family well, so that the family or family is harmonious, prosperous and prosperous. (7) Cultivation of one’s body: Cultivation of one’s own character. (8) To gain knowledge: to enable oneself to acquire knowledge. (9) Observation of things: Understanding and studying all things. . (10) Common people: refers to common people. (11) One is: all. Ben: Basically. (12) End: relative to the original meaning, it refers to the end of branches and branches. (13) What is thick is thin: what should be taken seriously should not be taken seriously. What is thin is thick: what should not be valued should be valued. (14) There is something that is not yet there: that is, something that is not yet there. There is no such reason (things, practices, etc.). 【Translation】
当初，郑武公在申国娶妻，名叫武姜，生了庄公和共叔段两个儿子，庄公降生时是脚先出头后出的，这是难产，使姜氏很惊讶，因此给他取名叫寤生，并且很讨厌他。姜氏喜爱共叔段，想立他为太子，屡次向武公请求，武公不肯答应。等到庄公继位为郑国国君，姜氏请求将制地作为共叔段的封邑，庄公说：“制地是形势险峻的地方，虢叔曾经死在那里。其他地方都可以听命。”姜氏又改请求封京城，让共叔段住在那里，就称他为京城太叔。祭仲说：“凡属国都，城墙周围的长度超过三百丈，就给国家带来祸害。先王制定的制度：大的地方的城墙，不超过国都的三分之一；中等的，不超过五分之一；小的，不超过九分之一。现在京城的城墙不合制度，这不是该有的，您会忍受不了。”庄公说：“姜氏要这样，哪里能避免祸害呢？”祭仲回答说：“姜氏怎么会得到满足？不如及早作安排，不要让她滋生事端，一旦蔓延就难得对付了。蔓延的野草尚且不能铲除掉，何况是您宠爱的弟弟呢？”庄公说：“多作不合情理的事，必然自己垮台。您暂且等着吧！”
At the beginning, Duke Wu of Zheng married a wife named Wu Jiang in the State of Shen, and gave birth to two sons, Duke Zhuang and Gong Shu Duan. When Duke Zhuang was born, his feet came first and his head came out later. This was a difficult birth, which surprised the Jiang family, so they named him Huansheng and disliked him very much. The Jiang family loved Gongshu Duan and wanted to make him the crown prince. She repeatedly requested Duke Wu, but Duke Wu refused to agree. When Duke Zhuang succeeded to the throne as the king of Zheng, the Jiang family requested that Zhidi be granted to Gongshu Duan. Duke Zhuang said: "Zhiding is a dangerous place. Uncle Guo died there. Other places can be ordered." The Jiang family asked for the capital to be enfeoffed and let Gongshu Duan live there, and called him Taishu of the capital. Ji Zhong said: "In any capital, if the length of the city wall exceeds three hundred feet, it will bring disaster to the country. The system established by the previous kings: the walls of large places should not exceed one-third of the capital; the walls of medium-sized places should not exceed one-fifth; and the small ones should not exceed one-ninth. Now the city walls in the capital are not in compliance with the system. This is not what it should be. You will not be able to bear it." Zhuang Gong said: " If Jiang is like this, how can we avoid disaster? "How can Jiang be satisfied? It's better to make arrangements as soon as possible to prevent her from causing trouble. If it spreads, it will be difficult to eradicate it, let alone your beloved brother." Zhuang Gong said, "If you do more unreasonable things, you will surely collapse."
不久，太叔命令西部和北部边境既听庄公的命令，又听自己的命令。公子吕说：“国家不能忍受这种两面听命的情况，您打算怎么办？您要把君位让给太叔，下臣就去事奉他；如果不给，那就请除掉他，不要让老百姓产生其他想法。”庄公说：“用不着，他会自食其果的。” 太叔又收取原来两属的地方作为自己的封邑，并扩大到廪延地方。子封（即公子吕）说：“可以动手了。势力一大，将会争得民心。”庄公说：“没有正义就不能号召人，势力虽大，反而会崩溃。”太叔修理城郭，储备粮草，补充武器装备，充实步兵车兵，准备袭击郑国都城，姜氏则打算作为内应打开城门。庄公听到太叔起兵的日期，说：“可以了。”就命令子封率领二百辆战车进攻京城。京城的人反对太叔。太叔逃到鄢地。庄公又赶到鄢地进攻他。五月二十三日，太叔又逃到共国。
Soon, Taishu ordered the western and northern borders to obey both Zhuang Gong's orders and his own orders. Master Lu said: "The country cannot bear this situation of obeying orders on both sides. What are you going to do? You want to give the throne to Taishu, and the subordinates will serve him; if not, please get rid of him and don't let the people have other ideas." Zhuang Gong said: "No need, he will reap the consequences." Taishu took the two original areas as his own fief, and expanded it to Linyan area. Zi Feng (also known as Gongzi Lu) said: "It's time to take action. If you are powerful, you will win the hearts of the people." Zhuang Gong said: "Without justice, you can't call on people. Although your power is great, it will collapse." Taishu repaired the city, stocked up on food and grass, replenished weapons and equipment, strengthened infantry and chariots, and prepared to attack the capital of Zheng. Jiang planned to open the city gate as an internal agent. When Duke Zhuang heard about the date of Taishu's revolt, he said, "That's enough." He ordered Zi Feng to lead 200 chariots to attack the capital. People in the capital were against Taishu. Taishu fled to Yandi. Duke Zhuang rushed to Yan to attack him. On May 23, Taishu fled to the Republic of China again.
郑庄公就把姜氏安置在城颍地方，发誓说：“不到黄泉不再相见。”不久以后又后悔起来。当时颍考叔在颍谷做边疆护卫长官，听到这件事，就献给庄公一些东西。庄公赏赐他食物。
Duke Zhuang of Zheng placed the Jiang family in Chengying and swore: "We will never see each other until we reach the underworld." Soon he regretted it. At that time, Uncle Yingkao was working as a border guard officer in Yinggu. When he heard about this incident, he presented something to Duke Zhuang. Duke Zhuang rewarded him with food.
