【经】
三年春王二月，己巳，日有食之。三月庚戌，天王崩。夏四月辛卯，君氏卒。秋，武氏子来求赙。八月庚辰，宋公和卒。冬十有二月，齐侯，郑伯盟于石门。癸未，葬宋穆公。
In the second month of spring in the third year of the reign of Emperor Jisi, there was food on the sun. In the third month of Gengxu, the King of Heaven died. In the fourth month of summer, Xin Mao, the Jun family died. In autumn, Wu's son came to ask for help. In the eighth month of Gengchen, Song Gonghe died. In the second month of the tenth day of winter, the Marquis of Qi and Zheng Bo made an alliance at Shimen. In Guiwei, Duke Mu of Song Dynasty was buried.
【传】
【Biography】
三年春，王三月壬戌，平王崩，赴以庚戌，故书之。
In the spring of the third year, in the third month of the third month of the reign of King Renxu, King Ping died, and he went to Gengxu, so he wrote it.
三年春季，周王朝历法的三月二十四日，周平王逝世。讣告上写的是庚戌日，所以《春秋》也记载死日为庚戌，即十二日。
In the spring of the third year, on March 24 in the Zhou Dynasty calendar, King Zhou Ping passed away. The obituary said Gengxu day, so the Spring and Autumn Annals also recorded the death date as Gengxu day, which was the twelfth day.
夏，君氏卒。声子也。不赴于诸侯，不反哭于寝，不祔(fù)于姑，故不曰薨。不称夫人，故不言葬，不书姓。为公故，曰“君氏”。
In the summer, Jun's family died. Phonons also. He doesn't go to the princes, he doesn't cry when he goes to bed, he doesn't show up to his aunt, so he's not called dead. I don’t call her my wife, so I don’t say anything about the burial, and I don’t write my surname. For public reasons, he was called "Jun's family".
夏季，君氏死。君氏就是声子，没有发讣告给诸侯，安葬后没有回到祖庙哭祭，没有把神主放在婆婆神主的旁边，所以《春秋》不称“薨”。又由于没有称她为“夫人”，所以不记载下葬的情况，也没有记载她的姓氏。只是因为她是隐公的生母的缘故，所以才称她为“君氏”。
In summer, Jun died. The Jun family was Shengzi. He did not issue an obituary notice to the princes, did not return to the ancestral temple to cry and offer sacrifices after the burial, and did not place the god next to the mother-in-law god. Therefore, "Spring and Autumn" does not call it "died". And because she was not called "Madam," the circumstances of her burial are not recorded, nor is her surname recorded. Just because she was Yin Gong's biological mother, she was called "Jun's".
郑武公、庄公为平王卿士。王贰于虢，郑伯怨王，王曰“无之”。故周、郑交质。王子狐为质于郑，郑公子忽为质于周。王崩，周人将畀虢公政。四月，郑祭足帅师取温之麦。秋，又取成周之禾。周、郑交恶。
Duke Wu of Zheng and Duke Zhuang were ministers of King Ping. When the king came to Guo, Zheng Bo complained to the king, and the king said, "Nothing." Therefore, Zhou and Zheng confronted each other. Prince Hu was a hostage to Zheng, and Master Zheng was suddenly a hostage to Zhou. When the king dies, the people of Zhou will surrender to the government of Guo. In the fourth month, Zheng Jizu sent his commander to get warm wheat. In autumn, the crops of Zhou were harvested again. Zhou and Zheng were at odds with each other.
郑武公、郑庄公先后担任周平王的卿士，平王暗中又将朝政分托给虢公，郑庄公埋怨周平王，平王说：“没有这回事。”所以周、郑交换人质。王子狐在郑国作为人质，郑国的公子忽在周朝作为人质。平王死后，周王室的人想把政权交给虢公。四月，郑国的祭足带兵割取了温地的麦子。秋天，又割取了成周的谷子。周朝和郑国彼此怀恨。
Duke Wu of Zheng and Duke Zhuang of Zheng served as ministers to King Ping of Zhou successively. King Ping secretly entrusted the government to Duke Guo. Duke Zhuang of Zheng complained to King Ping of Zhou, but King Ping said: "There is no such thing." So Zhou and Zheng exchanged hostages. Prince Hu was a hostage in the state of Zheng, and the son of Zheng was a hostage in the Zhou Dynasty. After King Ping died, the Zhou royal family wanted to hand over power to Duke Guo. In April, Zheng Guo's Jizu led his troops to harvest the wheat in Wendi. In autumn, weeks of millet were harvested. Zhou Dynasty and Zheng Guo hated each other.
君子曰：“信不由中，质无益也。明恕而行，要之以礼，虽无有质，谁能间之？苟有明信，涧溪沼沚之毛，蘋蘩蕰藻之菜，筐筥(jǔ)锜(qí)釜之器，潢污行潦之水，可荐于鬼神，可羞于王公，而况君子结二国之信。行之以礼，又焉用质？《风》有《采繁》、《采蘋》，《雅》有《行苇》、《泂(jiǒng)酌》，昭忠信也。”
The gentleman said: "Belief cannot be trusted, and quality is of no use. Act with clear forgiveness, and ask for courtesy. Even if there is no quality, who can get rid of it? If you have clear faith, the hair of the streams and marshes, the vegetables of apples and algae, the baskets, jǔ, and kettle utensils are stained and stained. Water can be recommended to ghosts and gods, but it can be shamed by princes. How can a gentleman use the word "Cai Fan" and "Cai Ping" to express his loyalty?
君子说：“诚意不发自内心，即使交换人质也没有益处。设身处地将心比心来办事，又用礼仪加以约束，虽然没有人质，又有谁能离间他们？假如确有诚意，即使是山沟、池塘里生长的野草，蘋、蘩、蕴、藻这一类的野菜，一般的竹器和金属器皿，大小道上的积水，都可以献给鬼神，进给王公，何况君子建立了两国的信约，按照礼仪办事，又哪里还用得着人质？《国风》有《采繁》、《采蘋》，《大雅》有《行苇》、《泂酌》这些诗篇，就是为了表明忠信的。”
The gentleman said: "If sincerity does not come from the heart, even exchanging hostages will be of no benefit. If you put yourself in the place of others, do things with empathy, and use etiquette to restrain them, even if there are no hostages, who can alienate them? If there is sincerity, even if it is weeds growing in ravines and ponds, wild vegetables such as apples, fennel, yun, and algae, ordinary bamboo utensils Metal utensils and accumulated water on the streets can be offered to the gods and princes. How can a gentleman establish a covenant of trust between the two countries and act according to etiquette, so there is no need for hostages? "Guofeng" has "Cai Fan" and "Cai Ping", and "Daya" has poems such as "Xing Wei" and "Ling Zuo", which are all to show loyalty."
武氏子来求赙，王未葬也。
Wu's son came to ask for help, but the king was not buried yet.
武氏的儿子来鲁国求取办丧事的财物，这是由于周平王还没有举行葬礼。
Wu's son came to Lu to ask for funeral property, because King Ping of Zhou had not yet held a funeral.
宋穆公疾，召大司马孔父而属殇公焉，曰：“先君舍与夷而立寡人，寡人弗敢忘。若以大夫之灵，得保首领以没，先君若问与夷，其将何辞以对？请子奉之，以主社稷，寡人虽死，亦无悔焉。”对曰：“群臣愿奉冯也。”公曰：“不可。先君以寡人为贤，使主社稷，若弃德不让，是废先君之举也。岂曰能贤？光昭先君之令德，可不务乎？吾子其无废先君之功。”使公子冯出居于郑。八月庚辰，宋穆公卒。殇公即位。
When Duke Mu of the Song Dynasty was ill, he summoned the chief minister Kongfu to join the Duke Yan, and said: "The former king abandoned the barbarians and established a widow. I dare not forget it. If the leader can be saved with the spirit of a great man, what will the former king say in response to the barbarians? Ask your son to serve him and take charge of the country. Even if the widow dies, there will be no regrets." "The ministers are willing to serve Feng Ye." The Duke said: "No. If the former monarch refuses to give up his virtue, it will be an act of neglect. Is it true that the emperor's command and virtue are not fulfilled?" In August Gengchen, Duke Mu of the Song Dynasty died. Duke Shang ascended the throne.
宋穆公病重了，召见大司马孔父而把殇公嘱托给他，说：“先君抛弃了他的儿子与夷而立我为国君，我不敢忘记。如果托大夫的福，我能得以保全脑袋，先君如果问起与夷，将用什么话回答呢？请您事奉与夷来主持国家事务，我虽然死去，也不后悔什么了。”孔父回答说：“群臣愿意事奉您的儿子冯啊！”穆公说：“不行，先君认为我有德行，才让我主持国家事务。如果丢掉道德而不让位，这就是废弃了先君的提拔，哪里还能说有什么德行？发扬光大先君的美德，难道能不急于办理吗？您不要废弃先君的功业！”于是命令公子冯到郑国去住。八月初五，宋穆公死，殇公即位。
Duke Mu of the Song Dynasty was seriously ill. He summoned the Grand Commander Kongfu and entrusted Duke Shang to him, saying: "The late king abandoned his son Yu Yi and made me the king of the country. I dare not forget it. With the blessing of the doctor, I can save my head. If the late king asks about Yu Yi, what will he say? Please serve Yu Yi to preside over the affairs of the country. Even if I die, I will have nothing to regret." Kongfu replied: "The ministers are willing to serve your son Feng!" Duke Mu said, "No, the former emperor thought I was virtuous, so he allowed me to preside over state affairs. If you abandon your morality and do not give up the throne, you will have abandoned the promotion of the late emperor. How can you say that there is any virtue? Can we not rush to carry forward the virtues of the late emperor? Don't abandon the achievements of the late emperor!" So he ordered Feng to live in the state of Zheng. On the fifth day of the eighth month, Duke Mu of Song Dynasty died and Duke Shang ascended the throne.
君子曰：“宋宣公可谓知人矣。立穆公，其子飨之，命以义夫。《商颂》曰：‘殷受命咸宜，百禄是荷。’其是之谓乎！”
The gentleman said: "Song Xuangong can be said to know people. He established Mu Gong, his son will feed him, and he will be appointed as a righteous husband. "Ode to Shang" says: 'It is appropriate for Yin to receive orders, and Bailu is a lotus.' Is this what it means!"
君子说：“宋宣公可以说是能了解人了。立了兄弟穆公，他的儿子却仍然享受了君位，这是他的遗命出于道义。《诗经•商颂》说：‘殷王传授天命都合于道义，所以承受了各种福禄’，就是这种情况。”
The gentleman said: "Song Xuangong can be said to be able to understand people. He established his brother Mu Gong, but his son still enjoyed the throne. This is because his legacy was moral. The "Book of Songs·Shang Song" said: 'The King of Yin taught the destiny of heaven in line with morality, so he received all kinds of blessings.' This is the case."
冬，齐、郑盟于石门，寻卢之盟也。庚戌，郑伯之车偾于济。
In winter, Qi and Zheng allied themselves at Shimen, looking for an alliance with Lu. Gengxu, Zheng Bo's chariot came to Ji.
冬季，齐国和郑国在石门会盟，这是为了重温在庐地结盟的友好关系。冬季某一天，郑伯在济水翻了车。
In winter, Qi and Zheng met at Shimen to review the friendly relations established in Ludi. One day in winter, Uncle Zheng's car overturned in Jishui.
卫庄公娶于齐东宫得臣之妹，曰庄姜，美而无子，卫人所为赋《硕人》也。又娶于陈，曰厉妫(guī)，生孝伯，早死。其娣戴妫生桓公，庄姜以为己子。公子州吁(xū)，嬖(bì)人之子也，有宠而好兵，公弗禁，庄姜恶之。石碏(què或xī)谏曰：“臣闻爱子，教之以义方，弗纳于邪。骄、奢、淫、泆，所自邪也。四者之来，宠禄过也。将立州吁，乃定之矣，若犹未也，阶之为祸。夫宠而不骄，骄而能降，降而不憾，憾而能珍者鲜矣。且夫贱妨贵，少陵长，远间亲，新间旧，小加大，淫破义，所谓六逆也。君义，臣行，父慈，子孝，兄爱，弟敬，所谓六顺也。去顺效逆，所以速祸也。君人者将祸是务去，而速之，无乃不可乎？”弗听，其子厚与州吁游，禁之，不可。桓公立，乃老。
Duke Zhuang of Wei married the sister of a minister in the East Palace of Qi, named Zhuang Jiang. She was beautiful but childless, and the people of Wei wrote the poem "Shuo Ren". He also married Chen, named Li Guī, and had a filial uncle who died young. His concubine Dai Gui gave birth to Duke Huan, and Zhuang Jiang considered him his son. Young Master Zhouxu (xū) was the son of a lover (bì). He was favored and good at fighting. He was not banned by the public, but Zhuang Jiang hated him. Shi Que (què or xī) admonished: "I heard that I love my son, teach him righteousness, and accept the evil. Arrogance, extravagance, lewdness, and arrogance are all evil. When the four come, they will be favored and paid too much. When the state is established, it is determined. If it is not done yet, it will be a disaster. A husband is favored but not arrogant. He who is arrogant can surrender, and surrenders without regret, but regrets that he can cherish it. It is rare for a husband to be humble. And the husband is humble. It's the king's righteousness, the minister's behavior, the father's kindness, the son's filial piety, the brother's love, the brother's respect, the so-called six obedience. It's the king's duty to get rid of the disaster, and it's not allowed to do it quickly? Huan Gong is old.
卫庄公娶了齐国太子得臣的妹妹，称为庄姜。庄姜漂亮却没有生孩子，卫国人因此为她创作了《硕人》这篇诗。卫庄公又在陈国娶了一个妻子，名叫厉妫，生了孝伯，很早就死了。跟厉妫陪嫁来的妹妹戴妫，生了卫桓公，庄姜就把他作为自己的儿子。公子州吁，是卫庄公宠妾的儿子，得到庄公的宠爱，州吁喜欢军器，庄公不加禁止。庄姜很讨厌他。石碏规劝庄公说：“我听说喜欢自己的儿子，应当以道义去教育他，不要使他走上邪路。骄傲、奢侈、放荡、逸乐，这是走上邪路的开始。这四种恶习之所以发生，是由于宠爱和赐予太过份。如果准备立州吁做太子，那就应该定下来；如果还不定下来，会逐渐酿成祸乱。那种受宠而不骄傲，骄傲而能安于地位下降，地位下降而不怨恨，怨恨而能克制的人，是很少见的。而且低贱的妨害尊贵的，年少的驾凌年长的，疏远的离间亲近的，新的离间旧的，弱小的欺侮强大的，淫欲的破坏道义的，这就是六种反常现象。国君行事得宜，臣子服从命令，父亲慈爱，儿子孝顺，兄爱弟、弟敬兄，这就是六种正常现象。去掉正常而效法反常，这就会很快地招致祸害。作为君主，应该尽力于去掉祸害，现在却加速它的到来，恐怕不可以吧！”庄公不听。石碏的儿子石厚和州吁交游，石碏禁止他，石厚不听。卫桓公即位，石碏就告老回家了。
Duke Zhuang of Wei married the sister of Dechen, the crown prince of Qi, who was called Zhuang Jiang. Zhuang Jiang was beautiful but childless, so the Wei people wrote the poem "Shuo Ren" for her. Duke Zhuang of Wei married another wife in the state of Chen, named Li Gui, who gave birth to a filial uncle, who died very young. Dai Gui, Li Gui's sister, gave birth to Duke Huan of Wei, and Zhuang Jiang regarded him as his son. Prince Zhouxu was the son of the concubine of Duke Zhuang of Wei. He was favored by Duke Zhuang. Zhouxu liked weapons, but Duke Zhuang did not prohibit them. Zhuang Jiang hated him. Shi Que advised Zhuang Gong: "I heard that if you like your son, you should educate him in morality and not let him go down the wrong path. Pride, luxury, dissipation, and pleasure are the beginning of going down the wrong path. The reason why these four bad habits occur is because of too much pampering and giving. If you are going to make Zhouxu the crown prince, it should be settled; if it is not settled, it will gradually lead to chaos. It is rare to find people who are favored but not proud, who are proud and can be content with their status being reduced, who are resentful but can be restrained. The lowly interferes with the noble, the young dominates the elderly, the distant alienates the close, the new alienates the old, the weak bullies the powerful, and the lustful destroys morality. These are the six abnormal phenomena: the king behaves appropriately, the ministers obey orders, and the father is loving. Sons are filial, brothers love their brothers, and brothers respect their brothers. These are the six normal phenomena. If you get rid of the normal and follow the abnormal, it will quickly lead to disaster. As a monarch, you should try your best to eliminate the disaster, but now it is hastening its arrival. I'm afraid it's not possible!" Duke Zhuang didn't listen. Shi Jue's son Shi Hou was dating Zhouxu, but Shi Jue forbade him, but Shi Hou refused to listen. When Duke Huan of Wei came to the throne, Shi Que resigned and returned home.
