【经】
十有一年春，滕侯、薛侯来朝。夏，公会郑伯于时来。秋七月壬午，公及齐侯、郑伯入许。冬十有一月壬辰，公薨。
In the spring of the eleventh year, Tenghou and Xuehou came to court. In the summer, Uncle Zheng of the Guild came at that time. At Renwu in the seventh month of autumn, the Duke, the Marquis of Qi, and Bo Zheng entered Xu. On the tenth day of winter, in the first month of the year, Renchen passed away.
【传】
【Biography】
十一年春，滕侯、薛侯来朝，争长。薛侯曰：“我先封。”滕侯曰：“我，周之卜正也。薛，庶姓也，我不可以后之。”
In the spring of the eleventh year, Tenghou and Xuehou came to court to compete for supremacy. Marquis Xue said: "I will grant you the title first." Marquis Teng said: "I am the divination official of Zhou Dynasty. Xue has the surname of a commoner, so I cannot follow him."
公使羽父请于薛侯曰：“君与滕君辱在寡人。周谚有之曰：‘山有木，工则度之；宾有礼，主则择之。’周之宗盟，异姓为后。寡人若朝于薛，不敢与诸任齿。君若辱贶寡人，则愿以滕君为请。”薛侯许之，乃长滕侯。
Duke Yu's father invited Xuehou and said: "You and Tengjun are humiliating me. There is a Zhou proverb: 'If there are trees in the mountains, workers will be able to measure them; if the guests are polite, the host will choose them.' The clan alliance of Zhou has different surnames. If I go to Xue, I dare not argue with you. If you humiliate me, I am willing to ask you to treat me as Tengjun." Xuehou agreed, and he became Tenghou.
十一年春季，滕侯和薛侯前来朝见鲁君，两人争执行礼的先后。薛侯说：“我先受封。”腾侯说：“我是成周的卜正官，薛国是外姓，我不能落后于他。”
In the spring of the eleventh year, Marquis Teng and Marquis Xue came to see Lu Jun, and they competed for the order of performing the rituals. Marquis Xue said: "I will be granted the title first." Marquis Teng said: "I am the divination official of Cheng Zhou. Xue Guo has a foreign surname. I cannot lag behind him."
鲁隐公派羽父向薛侯商量说：“承君王和滕侯问候寡君，成周的俗话说：‘山上有树木，工匠就加以量测；宾客有礼貌，主人就加以选择。’成周的会盟，异姓在后面。寡人如果到薛国朝见，就不敢和任姓诸国并列，如果承君王加惠于我，那就希望君王同意滕侯的请求。”薛侯同意，就让滕侯先行朝礼。
Duke Yin of Lu sent his father Yu to discuss with Marquis Xue, saying: "King Cheng and Marquis Teng greet you. There is a saying in Cheng Zhou: 'If there are trees on the mountains, the craftsmen will measure them; if the guests are polite, the hosts will choose them.'" The alliance of Cheng Zhou , the different surnames are at the back. If I go to the court of Xue State, I will not dare to join the other countries with the surname Ren. If the king of Cheng will favor me, I hope the king will agree to the request of Marquis Teng." Marquis Xue agreed and asked Marquis Teng to pay homage first.
夏，公会郑伯于郲，谋伐许也。郑伯将伐许，五月甲辰，授兵于大宫。公孙阏与颍考叔争车，颍考叔挟辀(zhōu，车辕)以走，子都拔棘以逐之，及大逵，弗及，子都怒。
In the summer, Zheng Bo from the Guild came to Yu Yu and planned to attack Xu Ye. General Zheng Bo attacked Xu, and on the first day of the fifth month, he sent troops to the palace. Gongsun Lan and Ying Kaoshu were fighting for a chariot. Ying Kaoshu took the chariot and drove away. The disciples pulled out the thorns to chase it away. When they reached the big Kui, they couldn't reach it, and the disciples were angry.
夏季，隐公和郑庄公在郲地会见，策划进攻许国。郑庄公准备进攻许国时，五月十四日，在太祖庙内颁发武器。公孙阏 （子都）和颍考叔争夺兵车，颍考叔挟起车辕奔跑，子都拔出戟追上去。追到大路上，没有追上，子都很愤怒。
In the summer, Duke Yin and Duke Zhuang of Zheng met in the Land of Li and planned to attack Xu State. When Duke Zhuang of Zheng was preparing to attack Xu State, he issued weapons in Taizu Temple on May 14th. Gongsun Yan (Zi Du) and Ying Kao Shu were fighting over the chariot. Ying Kao Shu grabbed the chariot shaft and ran, but Zidu drew his halberd and chased after him. After chasing him on the road, he was very angry when he failed to catch up.
秋七月，公会齐侯、郑伯伐许。庚辰，傅于许，颍考叔取郑伯之旗蝥弧(móu hú)以先登。子都自下射之，颠。瑕叔盈又以蝥弧登，周麾而呼曰：“君登矣！”郑师毕登。壬午，遂入许。许庄公奔卫。
In the seventh month of autumn, Guild Qihou and Zheng Bo attacked Xu. In Gengchen, Fu Yuxu and Ying Kaoshu took Zheng Bo's flag, Móu hú, to ascend first. The disciples all shot it from below, turning it upside down. Xia Shuying climbed up again with a candid arc, and Zhou Hui shouted: "You have climbed up!" Zheng Shibi climbed up. At Renwu, he entered Xu. Xu Zhuanggong rushed to the guard.
秋季，七月，隐公会合齐僖公、郑庄公进攻许国。初一日，军队汇合攻打许城。颍考叔拿着郑庄公的旗帜“蝥弧”争先登上城墙，子都从下面用箭射他，颍考叔摔下来死了。瑕叔盈又举着“蝥弧”冲上城，向四周挥动旗帜，大喊说：“国君登城了！”于是郑国的军队全部登上了城墙。初三日，便占领了许国。许庄公逃亡到卫国。
In autumn, in the seventh month, the Yin Guild joined forces with Qi Duke Xi and Zheng Zhuang Gong to attack Xu State. On the first day of the lunar month, the armies gathered to attack Xu Cheng. Uncle Yingkao took the banner of Zheng Zhuanggong and rushed to the city wall first. Zidu shot him with an arrow from below. Uncle Yingkao fell down and died. Xia Shuying rushed to the city again holding the "Arc", waved flags around, and shouted: "The king has ascended the city!" So all Zheng's troops boarded the city wall. On the third day of the lunar month, they occupied Xu State. Duke Xu Zhuang fled to Weiguo.
齐侯以许让公。公曰：“君谓许不共，故従君讨之。许既伏其罪矣，虽君有命，寡人弗敢与闻。”乃与郑人。
The Marquis of Qi gave the Duke permission. The Duke said: "You said that Xu was not in common, so I asked you to punish him. Since Xu has committed his crime, although you have your life, I don't dare to hear about it." Nai and the people of Zheng.
齐僖公把许国让给隐公。隐公说：“君王说许国不交纳贡品，所以寡人才跟随君王讨伐它。许国既然已经认罪了，虽然君王有这样的好意，我也不敢参与这件事。”于是就把许国领土送给了郑庄公。
Duke Xi of Qi gave up the state of Xu to Duke Yin. Yin Gong said: "The king said that Xu State would not pay tribute, so I followed the king to attack it. Now that Xu State has confessed, even though the king has such good intentions, I dare not participate in this matter." So he gave Xu State's territory to Zheng Zhuanggong.
郑伯使许大夫百里奉许叔以居许东偏，曰：“天祸许国，鬼神实不逞于许君，而假手于我寡人。寡人唯是一二父兄不能共亿，其敢以许自为功乎？寡人有弟，不能和协，而使，糊其口于四方，其况能久有许乎？吾子其奉许叔以抚柔此民也，吾将使获也佐吾子。若寡人得没于地，天其以礼悔祸于许？无宁兹许公复奉其社稷。唯我郑国之有请谒焉，如旧昏媾，其能降以相従也。无滋他族，实逼处此，以与我郑国争此土也。吾子孙其覆亡之不暇，而况能禋祀许乎？寡人之使吾子处此，不唯许国之为，亦聊以固吾圉也。”
Uncle Zheng sent Dr. Xu Baili to serve Uncle Xu to live in Xu Dongbiao, saying: "It is a disaster for the country of Xu. The ghosts and gods will not succeed in Xu Jun, but will take advantage of me. I only have one or two fathers and brothers who cannot share hundreds of millions. How dare you take Xu as your own merit? I have younger brothers and cannot harmonize with each other. How can this situation last for a long time? My son is entrusting Uncle Xu to caress the people. I will make Huo also support my son." If the widow is lost in the land, will God regret the misfortune? No Ningzi Xu Gong will return to his country, but I, Zheng Guozhi, have asked me to pay homage to him. If he can do it in vain, he will not harm other clans. I am forced to live here because I want to compete with the Zheng Kingdom for this land. How can I be willing to sacrifice my descendants if they are destroyed? I have sent my son here not only to support the country, but also to consolidate my territory."
郑庄公让许国大夫百里事奉许叔住在许都的东部边邑，说：“上天降祸于许国，鬼神确实对许君不满意，而借我的手惩罚他。我这儿连一两个父老兄弟都不能和睦共处，难道敢把讨伐许国作为自己的功劳？我有个兄弟，不能和和气气共同过日子，而使他四方求食，我难道还能长久占有许国？您应当事奉许叔来安抚这里的百姓，我准备让公孙获来帮助您。假如我得以善终，上天可能又依礼而撤回加于许国的祸害，让许公再来治理他的同家。那时候只要我郑国对许国有所请求，可能还是会像对待老亲戚一样，降格而同意的。不要让别国逼近我们住的这里，来同我郑国争夺这块土地。我的子孙挽救危亡还来不及，难道还能替许国敬祭祖先吗？我让您留在这里，不仅为了许国，也是姑且巩固我的边疆。”
Duke Zhuang of Zheng asked Baili, the official of Xu State, to serve Uncle Xu and live in the eastern border town of Xu Du. He said: "God has brought disaster to Xu State. The ghosts and gods are indeed dissatisfied with Lord Xu and have used my hands to punish him. I can't even live in harmony with one or two elders and brothers here. How dare I Taking credit for conquering Xu State? I have a brother who cannot live with He Qiqi and makes him beg for food. How can I still occupy Xu State for a long time? You should serve Uncle Xu to appease the people here. I am going to ask Gongsun Huo to help you. . If I die a good death, God may withdraw the harm to Xu Guo and let Xu Gong return to govern his family. At that time, if I, Zheng Guo, make a request to Xu Guo, I may still treat him like an old relative and agree to it. If other countries come close to where we live, they will compete with us, Zheng, for this land. It’s too late for my descendants to save the country, so how can they still honor their ancestors for Xu? I let you stay here not only for the sake of Xu, but also to temporarily consolidate my border.”
乃使公孙获处许西偏，曰：“凡而器用财贿，无置于许。我死，乃亟去之。吾先君新邑于此，王室而既卑矣，周之子孙日失其序。夫许，大岳之胤也，天而既厌周德矣，吾其能与许争乎？”
He ordered Gongsun to be sent to the west side of Xu, and said: "Everything is bribed with money, and there is no place for Xu. When I die, I will leave immediately. My ancestor's new city is here, the royal family is humble, and the descendants of Zhou are losing their order. Fu Xu, the Yin of Dayue is also, and the sky is disgusted with Zhou's virtue. How can I compete with Xu?"
于是就让公孙获住在许城的西部边境，对他说：“凡是你的器用财货，不要放在许国。我死后就赶紧离开这里。我祖先在这里新建城邑，眼看到周王室已经逐渐衰微，我们这些周朝的子孙一天天丢掉自己的事业。而许国，是四岳的后代，上天既然已经厌弃了成周，我哪里还能和许国竞争呢？”
So he asked Gongsun Huo to live on the western border of Xu City and said to him: "Don't put any of your utensils and goods in Xu State. Leave here as soon as possible after I die. My ancestors built a new city here. Seeing that the Zhou royal family has gradually declined, we, the descendants of the Zhou Dynasty, are losing our careers day by day. And Xu State is the descendant of the Four Mountains. Since God has rejected Cheng Zhou, how can I compete with Xu State?"
君子谓：“郑庄公于是乎有礼。礼，经国家，定社稷，序民人，利后嗣者也。许无刑而伐之，服而舍之，度德而处之，量力而行之，相时而动，无累后人，可谓知礼矣。”
The gentleman said: "Zheng Zhuanggong is so polite. Ritual governs the country, regulates the country, orders the people, and benefits the heirs. He can attack them without punishment, obey them and give them up, treat them according to their virtues, do them according to their ability, act according to the time, and not burden future generations. This can be said to know etiquette."
君子说：“郑庄公在这件事情上合乎礼。礼，是治理国家、安定社稷、使百姓有秩序、使后代有利的大法。许国违背法度而庄公讨伐他们，服罪了就宽恕他们，揣度自己德行而决定事情，衡量自己的力量而办理事务，看准了时机而行动，不要让忧虑连累后人，可以说是懂得礼了。”
The gentleman said: "Zheng Zhuanggong followed the etiquette in this matter. Etiquette is a great law for governing the country, stabilizing the country, keeping the people in order, and benefiting future generations. Xu Guo violated the law and Zhuanggong punished them. He forgives them after admitting his guilt. He decides things based on his own moral character. He handles affairs based on his own strength. He acts according to the right opportunity and does not let worries hurt future generations. It can be said that he understands etiquette."
郑伯使卒出豭(jiā)，行出犬鸡，以诅射颍考叔者。君子谓：“郑庄公失政刑矣。政以治民，刑以正邪，既无德政，又无威刑，是以及邪。邪而诅之，将何益矣！”
Zheng Bo sent his soldiers out with jiā, dogs and roosters, and cursed those who shot Ying and Kao Shu. The gentleman said: "Zheng Zhuanggong is out of power and punished. The government governs the people, and the punishment is based on good and evil. There is neither virtuous government nor power and punishment. It is only harming evil. Cursing evil will do no good!"
郑庄公让一百名士兵拿出一头公猪，二十五人拿出一条狗和一只鸡，来诅咒射死颍考叔的凶手。君子说：“郑庄公失掉了政和刑。政用来治理百姓，刑用来纠正邪恶。既缺乏清明的政治，又没有威严的刑法，所以才发生邪恶。已经发生邪恶而加以诅咒，有什么好处！”
Duke Zhuang of Zheng asked one hundred soldiers to bring out a boar, and twenty-five soldiers to bring out a dog and a chicken to curse the murderer who shot Uncle Yingkao to death. The gentleman said: "Zheng Zhuanggong lost politics and punishment. Government is used to govern the people, and punishment is used to correct evil. There is a lack of clear politics and a majestic criminal law, so evil occurs. What's the use of cursing evil after it has already occurred!"
王取邬、刘、蒍(wéi或wěi)、邗(hán)之田于郑，而与郑人苏忿生之田温、原、絺、樊、隰郕、欑(cuán)茅、向、盟、州、陉、隤(tuí，周代邑名，在今河南省获嘉县（一说修武县）境内)、怀。君子是以知桓王之失郑也。恕而行之，德之则也，礼之经也。己弗能有而以与人，人之不至，不亦宜乎？
The king took the fields of Wu, Liu, Wei (wéi or wěi), and Han (hán) to Zheng, and combined the fields of Wen, Yuan, Yan, Fan, Xiyi, Cuánmao, Xiang, Meng, Zhou, Xing, Kun (tuí, the name of the city in the Zhou Dynasty, in today's Huojia County (some say Xiuwu County), Henan Province) and Huai from the Zheng people. This is how a gentleman knows that King Huan has lost Zheng Ye. Forgiveness and practice are the principles of virtue and the scriptures of etiquette. Isn't it appropriate to give it to others if you can't have it yourself? If others don't come, isn't it appropriate?
周天子在郑国取得邬、刘、蒍、邘的土田，却给了郑国人原来属于苏忿生的土田：温、原、絺、樊、隰郕、攒茅、向、盟、州、陉、隤、怀。君子因此而知道桓王会失去郑国了，认为“按照恕道办事，是德的准则，礼的常规。自己不能保有，就拿来送给别人。别人不再来朝见，不也应该吗？”
The Emperor of Zhou obtained the land of Wu, Liu, Chi, and Xie from the Zheng State, but gave the Zheng people the land that originally belonged to Su Angsheng: Wen, Yuan, Yue, Fan, Xiyi, Cuanmao, Xiang, Meng, Zhou, Xing, Jin, and Huai. The gentleman therefore knew that King Huan would lose Zheng Guo, and thought, "According to the principle of forgiveness is the rule of virtue and the rule of etiquette. If you can't keep it yourself, just give it to others. Shouldn't it be appropriate for others to stop coming to court?"
郑、息有违言，息侯伐郑。郑伯与战于竟，息师大败而还。君子是以知息之将亡也。不度德，不量力，不亲亲，不征辞，不察有罪，犯五不韪而以伐人，其丧师也，不亦宜乎！
Zheng and Xi broke their promises, and Xihou attacked Zheng. Zheng Bo fought with him to the end, and Xi's army was defeated and returned. A gentleman knows that he is about to perish. If you don't measure your virtues, don't measure your abilities, don't kiss relatives, don't pay tribute, don't check the guilty, and attack someone for committing the five offenses, you will lose your master, which is not appropriate!
郑国和息国之间言论上有了冲突，息侯就进攻郑国。郑庄公和息侯在国境内作战，息国的军队大败而回。君子因此而知道息国将要灭亡了，认为“不衡量德行，不考虑力量，不亲近亲邻，不分辨是非，不查察有罪，息国犯了这五种错误，而还去讨伐别人，他的丧失军队，不也是活该吗！”
There was a conflict of opinions between Zheng Guo and Xi Guo, so Xihou attacked Zheng Guo. Zheng Zhuanggong and Xihou fought in the country, and Xi's army was defeated and returned. The gentleman therefore knew that the country of Xi was about to perish, and thought, "If the country of Xi commits these five mistakes by not measuring its virtues, not considering its strength, not being close to its relatives and neighbors, not distinguishing between right and wrong, and not investigating its crimes, and yet goes to attack others, doesn't it deserve the loss of its army?"
冬十月，郑伯以虢师伐宋。壬戌，大败宋师，以报其入郑也。宋不告命，故不书。凡诸侯有命，告则书，不然则否。师出臧否，亦如之。虽及灭国，灭不告败，胜不告克，不书于策。
In the tenth month of winter, Zheng Bo led the Guo army to attack the Song Dynasty. In Renxu, he defeated the Song division in return for entering Zheng. The Song Dynasty did not tell people about their orders, so they did not write books. Whenever the princes have orders, they should inform them in writing, otherwise they should not do so. The same is true when the teacher comes out of Zang. Even if the country is about to be destroyed, it will be destroyed but not defeated, and victory will not be defeated, and there will be no strategy written down.
冬季十月，郑庄公带着虢国的军队攻打宋国。十四日，把宋国的军队打得大败，以报复宋国攻入郑国的那次战役。宋国没有前来报告这件事，所以《春秋》没有记载。凡是诸侯发生大事，前来报告就记载，不然就不记载。出兵顺利或者不顺利，也是一样。即使国家被灭亡，被灭的不报告战败，胜利的不报告战胜，也不记载在简册上。
In the winter of October, Duke Zhuang of Zheng led the army of Guo to attack Song. On the 14th, he defeated Song's army in retaliation for Song's invasion of Zheng. The Song Dynasty did not come to report this incident, so "Spring and Autumn" did not record it. Whenever major events occurred among the princes, they would be recorded when they came to report, otherwise they would not be recorded. It is the same whether the dispatch of troops goes well or not. Even if a country is destroyed, those who are destroyed will not report their defeat, and those who are victorious will not report their victory, nor will they be recorded in the book.
羽父请杀桓公，将以求大宰。公曰：“为其少故也，吾将授之矣。使营菟裘(tú，古地名，在今山东省泗水县；古代借指退隐者的居处)，吾将老焉。”羽父惧，反谮公于桓公而请弑之。
Yu's father asked to kill Duke Huan, and he would ask for a great slaughter. The duke said: "Because he is a young man, I will teach him. I am going to camp Tuqiu (tú, an ancient place name, in today's Sishui County, Shandong Province; it also refers to the residence of retired people in ancient times)." Yu's father was afraid, so he rebelled against Duke Huan and asked him to kill him.
鲁国大夫羽父请求杀掉桓公，想借此求得宰相的官职。隐公说：“从前由于他年轻的缘故，所以我代为摄政，现在我打算把国君的位子交还给他。已经派人在菟裘建筑房屋，我已经打算退休养老了。”羽父害怕了，反而在鲁桓公那里诬陷鲁隐公而请求桓公杀死隐公。
Yu's father, a senior official in the state of Lu, requested that Duke Huan be killed in order to gain the position of prime minister. Duke Yin said: "In the past, because he was young, I acted as regent. Now I plan to return the throne to him. I have sent people to build a house in Tuqiu, and I have planned to retire." Father Yu was afraid, so he framed Duke Yin of Lu and asked Duke Huan to kill Duke Yin.
公之为公子也，与郑人战于狐壤，止焉。郑人囚诸尹氏，赂尹氏而祷于其主钟巫，遂与尹氏归而立其主。十一月，公祭钟巫，齐于社圃，馆于寪(wěi)氏。壬辰，羽父使贼弑公于寪氏，立桓公而讨寪氏，有死者。不书葬，不成丧也。
As a young master, he fought with the Zheng people in the fox soil and stopped. The people of Zheng imprisoned the Yin family, bribed the Yin family, and prayed to their master Zhong Wu, and then returned with the Yin family and established their master. In November, the public memorial ceremony for Zhongwu was held in Shepu and the pavilion was held by the Wěi clan. In Renchen, Yu's father sent thieves to kill the Duke of the Kuai clan, established Duke Huan and attacked the Kuai clan, but some of them died. There is no funeral without a book.
隐公还是公子的时候，曾率兵同郑国人在狐壤打仗，被俘获。郑国人把他囚禁在尹氏那里。隐公贿赂尹氏，并在尹氏所祭神主钟巫之前祷告，于是就和尹氏一起回国而在鲁国立了钟巫的神主。十一月，隐公将要祭祀钟巫，在社圃斋戒，住在寪氏那里。十五日，羽父让坏人在寪家刺杀隐公，立桓公为国君，并且讨伐寪氏，寪氏有人被杀害。《春秋》不记载安葬隐公，是由于没有按国君的规格正式为隐公举行丧礼。
When Yin Gong was still a prince, he led his troops to fight with the Zheng people in Huliang and was captured. The people of Zheng imprisoned him in the Yin family. Duke Yin bribed Yin and prayed before Zhong Wu, the god whom Yin worshiped, so he returned to the country with Yin and established Zhong Wu as the god in Lu. In the eleventh month, Duke Yin will sacrifice to Zhongwu, fast in Shepu, and live with the Ming clan. On the 15th, Yu's father asked bad guys to assassinate Yin Gong in Lai's house, established Duke Huan as the king, and attacked the Lai family. Some of the Lao family members were killed. "Spring and Autumn" does not record the burial of Yin Gong because there was no formal funeral ceremony for Yin Gong according to the monarch's specifications.
