【经】
二年春，王正月戊申，宋督弑其君与夷及其大夫孔父。滕子来朝。三月，公会齐侯、陈侯、郑伯于稷，以成宋乱。夏四月，取郜大鼎于宋。戊申，纳于大庙。秋七月，杞侯来朝。蔡侯、郑伯会于邓。九月，入杞。公及戎盟于唐。冬，公至自唐。
In the spring of the second year, in the first month of the first month of the reign of King Wushen, the governor of the Song Dynasty killed his king and the barbarians and their doctor Kong Fu. Tengzi comes to court. In March, the Marquis of Qi, Marquis of Chen, and Bo Zheng were united in Ji, leading to chaos in the Song Dynasty. In the fourth month of summer, Gao Ding was taken from the Song Dynasty. Wu Shen was accepted into the temple. In the seventh month of autumn, Marquis Qi came to court. Cai Hou and Zheng Bo met with Deng. In September, go into Qi. The Duke and the Rong formed an alliance in the Tang Dynasty. In winter, the Duke arrived in the Tang Dynasty.
【传】
【Biography】
二年春，宋督攻孔氏，杀孔父而取其妻。公怒，督惧，遂弑殇公。君子以督为有无君之心而后动于恶，故先书弑其君。会于稷，以成宋乱，为赂故，立华氏也。
In the spring of the second year, the governor of the Song Dynasty attacked the Kong family, killed Kong's father and took his wife. The Duke was angry and the governor was afraid, so he killed Duke Shang. A gentleman thinks that the governor has a monarch's heart and then acts evil, so he writes to kill his monarch first. He met in Ji to create chaos in the Song Dynasty and established the Hua family for bribery.
二年春季，宋卿华父督攻打孔氏，杀死了孔父而占有他的妻子。宋殇公发怒，华父督恐惧，就把殇公也杀死了。君子认为华父督心里早已没有国君，然后才产生这种罪恶行动，所以《春秋》先记载“弑其君”。鲁桓公和齐僖公、陈桓公、郑庄公在稷地会见，商讨平定宋国的内乱。由于接受了贿赂的缘故，便建立华氏政权。
In the spring of the second year, Song Qing's father Hua supervised the attack on Kong's family, killed Kong's father and took possession of his wife. Duke Shang of Song Dynasty was angry, and Hua's father-in-law was frightened, so he also killed Duke Shang. The gentleman believes that Hua Fudu already had no monarch in his heart, and then he committed such a criminal act, so "Spring and Autumn" first records "killing his monarch". Duke Huan of Lu met with Duke Xi of Qi, Duke Huan of Chen, and Duke Zhuang of Zheng in Jidi to discuss how to quell the civil strife in Song. As a result of accepting bribes, the Fahrenheit regime was established.
宋殇公立，十年十一战，民不堪命。孔父嘉为司马，督为大宰，故因民之不堪命，先宣言曰：“司马则然。”已杀孔父而弑殇公，召庄公于郑而立之，以亲郑。以郜大鼎赂公，齐、陈、郑皆有赂，故遂相宋公。
In Song Dynasty, there were eleven wars in ten years, and the people were desperate. Confucius' father was the Sima, and his superintendent was the chief minister. Therefore, because the people were miserable, he first declared: "Sima is like this." After killing Kong's father and killing Duke Shang, he summoned Duke Zhuang and established him in Zheng to marry him. Gao Dading bribed the Duke, and Qi, Chen, and Zheng all bribed him, so he became the prime minister of the Song Dynasty.
宋殇公即位以后，十年之中发生了十一次战争，百姓不能忍受。孔父嘉做司马，华父督做太宰。华父督由于百姓不能忍受，先就宣传说：“这都是司马所造成的。”不久就杀了孔父和殇公，把庄公从郑国召回而立他为国君，以此亲近郑国。同时又把郜国的大鼎送给桓公，对齐、陈、郑诸国也都馈送财礼，所以华父督就当了宋公的宰相。
After Song Shanggong came to the throne, eleven wars broke out in ten years, and the people could not bear it. Kong Fujia was the Sima, and Hua Fu was the Dazai. Because the people couldn't bear it, Governor Hua Fu first announced: "This is all caused by Sima." Soon he killed Kong's father and Duke Shang, recalled Duke Zhuang from Zheng State, and made him the king, so as to get close to Zheng State. At the same time, he gave the great cauldron of the State of Gao to Duke Huan, and the states of Qi, Chen, and Zheng also presented financial gifts, so Governor Huafu became the prime minister of Duke Song.
夏四月，取郜大鼎于宋。戊申，纳于大庙。非礼也。臧哀伯谏曰：“君人者将昭德塞违，以临照百官，犹惧或失之。故昭令德以示子孙：是以清庙茅屋，大路越席，大羹不致，粢(zī)食不凿，昭其俭也。衮、冕、黻(fú)、珽(tǐng)，带、裳、幅、舄(xì)，衡、紞(dǎn)、纮(hóng)、綖(yán)，昭其度也。藻、率、鞞(bì)、鞛(běng)，鞶(pán)、厉、游、缨，昭其数也。火、龙、黼、黻，昭其文也。五色比象，昭其物也。锡、鸾、和、铃，昭其声也。三辰旂(qí)旗，昭其明也。夫德，俭而有度，登降有数。文、物以纪之，声、明以发之，以临照百官，百官于是乎戒惧，而不敢易纪律。今灭德立违，而置其赂器于大庙，以明示百官，百官象之，其又何诛焉？国家之败，由官邪也。官之失德，宠赂章也。郜鼎在庙，章孰甚焉？武王克商，迁九鼎于雒邑，义士犹或非之，而况将昭违乱之赂器于大庙，其若之何？”公不听。周内史闻之曰：“臧孙达其有后于鲁乎！君违不忘谏之以德。”
In the fourth month of summer, Gao Ding was taken from the Song Dynasty. Wu Shen was accepted into the temple. Indecent. Zang Aibo admonished and said: "The emperor will show his virtue and block it, so as to illuminate all the officials, but he is afraid that he may lose it. Therefore, the virtue of Zhaoling is shown to the descendants: the huts in the temple are crossed, the road is crossed, the soup is not big, and the rice (zī) is not eaten, which shows his frugality. Gun, Mian, Fu (fú), Jue (tǐng), belt, Shang, and banner. , 舄 (xì), Heng, 紞 (dǎn), 纮 (hóng), 綖 (yán), Zhao Qidu also, Zhao (pán), Li, You, Ying, Zhao Qidu also. The sound of the tin, the luan, the bell, and the three-chen flag (qí) indicate the husband's virtue, and he is thrifty and measured. He uses the text and the sound to illuminate the officials, and the officials are afraid of changing the rules and regulations, and put their weapons in place. How can the great temple be punished? The defeat of the country is due to the misconduct of the officials and the bribery of the officials. What is the difference between the emperor and the emperor? King Wu conquered the merchants and moved the Jiuding to Luoyi, but the righteous people were not allowed to do so. What if the emperor did not listen to it? The historian of the Zhou Dynasty heard about it and said: "Zang Sunda is the successor to Lu! If you disobey, you will not forget to remonstrate with virtue."
夏季，四月，桓公从宋国取来了郜国的大鼎。初九日，把大鼎安放在太庙里。这件事不符合礼制。臧哀伯劝阻说：“作为百姓的君主，要发扬道德而阻塞邪恶，以为百官的表率，即使这样，仍然担心有所失误，所以显扬美德以示范于子孙。因此太庙用茅草盖屋顶，祭天之车用蒲草席铺垫，肉汁不加调料，主食不吃舂过两次的米，这是为了表示节俭。礼服、礼帽、蔽膝、大圭、腰带、裙子、绑腿、鞋子、横簪、瑱绳、冠系、冠布，都各有规定，用来表示衣冠制度。玉垫、佩巾、刀鞘、鞘饰、革带、带饰、飘带、马鞅，各级多少不同，用来表示各个等级规定的数量。画火、画龙、绣黼、绣黻，这都是为了表示文饰。五种颜色绘出各种形象，这都是为了表示色彩。锡铃、鸾铃、衡铃、旗铃，这都是为了表示声音。画有日、月、星的旌旗，这是为了表示明亮。行为的准则应当节俭而有制度，增减也有一定的数量，用文饰、色彩来记录它，用声音、明亮来发扬它，以此向文武百官作明显的表示。百官才有警戒和畏惧，不敢违反纪律。现在废除道德而树立邪恶，把人家贿赂来的器物放在太庙里，公然展示给百官看，百官也模仿这种行为，还能惩罚谁呢？国家的衰败，由于官吏的邪恶。官吏的失德，由于受宠又公开贿赂。郜鼎放在太庙里，彰明较著地受纳贿赂，还有更甚的吗？周武王打败商朝，把九鼎运到洛邑，当时的义士还有人认为他不对，更何况把显然违法叛乱的贿赂器物放在太庙里，这又该如何办？”桓公不听。周朝的内使听说了这件事，说：“臧孙达的后代在鲁国可能长享禄位吧！国君违背礼制，他没有忘记以道德来劝阻。”
In the summer of April, Duke Huan brought the great tripod from the State of Song from the State of Song. On the ninth day of the lunar month, the big tripod was placed in the Ancestral Temple. This thing is not in line with etiquette. Zang Aibo dissuaded him and said: "As a monarch of the people, he should promote morality and block evil, and set an example for the officials. Even so, he is still worried about making mistakes, so he shows off his virtues to set an example for his descendants. Therefore, the roof of the Ancestral Temple is covered with thatch, the car offering sacrifices to heaven is paved with cattail mats, the gravy is not seasoned, and the staple food does not eat rice that has been pounded twice. This is to show frugality. Dress, hat, knee-covering, Dagui, belt, skirt, leggings, shoes, Horizontal hairpins, 籱 rope, crown ties, and crown cloth all have their own regulations, and are used to express the system of clothing and crowns. Jade mats, scarves, scabbards, sheaths, leather belts, ribbons, and horse martingale are all different at each level and are used to express the rules of each level. A certain number. Painting fire, painting dragons, embroidering embroidery, and embroidering embroidery are all to express decoration. The five colors are used to draw various images, which are all to express colors. Sound. The banners with the sun, moon and stars are painted to express brightness. The code of conduct should be frugal and systematic, with a certain amount of increase and decrease, and use decorations and colors to promote it, so as to express it to the civil and military officials. When hundreds of officials imitate this kind of behavior, who else can be punished? The country's decline is due to the evil of the officials, because the officials are favored and openly bribed, and there are many more. What's more? King Wu of Zhou defeated the Shang Dynasty and transported the Jiuding to Luoyi. Some of the righteous men at that time thought he was wrong. What's more, what should he do if he placed the bribery artifacts that were obviously illegal and rebellion in the Ancestral Temple? "Gong Huan didn't listen. The internal envoy of the Zhou Dynasty heard about this and said: "Zang Sunda's descendants may enjoy long-term honors in the State of Lu! The monarch violated the etiquette and did not forget to use morality to dissuade him."
秋七月，杞侯来朝，不敬，杞侯归，乃谋伐之。
In the seventh month of autumn, Marquis Qi came to court and was disrespectful. When Qi Marquis returned, he planned to attack him.
秋季，七月，杞侯来鲁国朝见，态度不够恭敬。杞侯回国，桓公就策划讨伐他。
In autumn, in July, Marquis Qi came to the state of Lu to pay homage, but his attitude was not respectful enough. When Qihou returned home, Duke Huan planned to attack him.
蔡侯、郑伯会于邓，始惧楚也。
When Cai Hou and Zheng Bo met with Deng, they began to fear Chu.
蔡桓侯、郑庄公在邓地会见，从这时起两国开始惧怕楚国。
Marquis Huan of Cai and Duke Zhuang of Zheng met in Deng. From then on, the two countries began to fear Chu.
九月，入杞，讨不敬也。
In September, entering Qi is a sign of disrespect.
九月，攻入杞国，这是由于讨伐杞侯的不恭敬。
In the ninth month, he invaded the state of Qi. This was due to the disrespect of the marquis of Qi.
公及戎盟于唐，修旧好也。
The Duke and the Rong formed an alliance in the Tang Dynasty to repair the old.
桓公和戎在唐地结盟，这是为了重修过去的友好邦交。
Duke Huan and Rong formed an alliance in Tang Dynasty in order to restore the friendly relations in the past.
冬，公至自唐，告于庙也。凡公行，告于宗庙；反行，饮至、舍爵，策勋焉，礼也。特相会，往来称地，让事也。自参以上，则往称地，来称会，成事也。
In winter, when the Duke arrived in Tang Dynasty, he reported it to the temple. If you go public, report it to the ancestral temple; if you go wrong, drink it, give up your title, and do honors, which is etiquette. They meet each other specially, call each other when going back and forth, and let things go. If you are above the level of participation, then you will go to call the place, come to call the meeting, and accomplish things.
冬季，桓公从唐地回来，《春秋》所以记载，是由于回来后祭告了宗庙。凡是国君出国之前，要祭告宗庙。回来，也要祭告宗庙，还要宴请臣下，互相劝酒、把功劳记载在档案里，这是合于礼的。两国国君单独相会见，来回都只记载会见的地点，这是互相谦让谁为会首的会见。会见的国君在三个以上，那就在去他国时记载会见的地点，他国国君前来就不记载会见地点而仅仅记载会见，这是盟主已在会前决定，只是完成会见手续罢了。
In the winter, Duke Huan came back from Tang. The Spring and Autumn Annals recorded it because he offered sacrifices to the ancestral temple after returning. Before any monarch leaves the country, he must pay tribute to the ancestral temple. When you come back, you should also offer sacrifices to the ancestral temple, entertain your ministers at banquets, drink with each other, and record your achievements in files. This is in line with etiquette. When the monarchs of the two countries met alone, only the location of the meeting was recorded in the back and forth. This was a meeting in which each other was humbly accommodating who would be the leader. If you are meeting with more than three kings, then record the meeting place when you go to another country. When the king of another country comes, you do not record the meeting place but only record the meeting. This is because the leader of the alliance has decided before the meeting and just completes the meeting procedures.
初，晋穆侯之夫人姜氏以条之役生太子，命之曰仇。其弟以千亩之战生，命之曰成师。师服曰：“异哉，君之名子也！夫名以制义，义以出礼，礼以体政，政以正民。是以政成而民听，易则生乱。嘉耦曰妃。怨耦曰仇，古之命也。今君命大子曰仇，弟曰成师，始兆乱矣，兄其替乎？”
In the early days, Mrs. Jiang, the wife of Marquis Mu of Jin, gave birth to a prince by Tiao Zhijie, who was named Qiu. His younger brother lived on a thousand acres of land and was destined to become a master. The master said: "What's strange, the emperor's name is son! The husband's name is to control righteousness, righteousness is to show etiquette, etiquette is to organize the government, and the government is to rectify the people. The government is successful and the people listen, and the changes lead to chaos. The good couple is called concubine. The resentful couple is called Qiu, which is the ancient destiny. Today, the king orders the eldest son to say Qiu, and the younger brother to become a master. The first sign is chaos, should I replace him?"
当初，晋穆侯的夫人姜氏在条地战役的时候生了太子，取名叫仇。仇的兄弟是在千亩战役时生的，因此取名叫成师。师服说：“奇怪呀，国君替儿子取这样的名字！取名表示一定的意义，意义产生礼仪，礼仪是政事的骨干，政事端正百姓，所以政事没有失误百姓就服从；相反就发生动乱。相爱的夫妻叫妃，相怨的夫妻叫仇，这是古代人所命名的方法。现在国君给太子取名叫仇，他的兄弟叫成师，这就开始预示祸乱了。做哥哥的恐怕要被废黜了吧！”
At first, during the battle in Tiaodi, the wife of Marquis Mu of Jin, Jiang, gave birth to a prince, named Qiu. Qiu's brother was born during the Battle of Qianmu, so he was named Chengshi. Shi Fu said: "It's strange that the king chose such a name for his son! The name represents a certain meaning, and the meaning produces etiquette. Etiquette is the backbone of political affairs. Government affairs are correct for the people, so if there are no mistakes in government affairs, the people will obey; on the contrary, things will happen. Chaos. Couples who love each other are called concubines, and couples who hate each other are called Qiu. Now the king names the prince Qiu, and his brother is called Chengshi. This is beginning to indicate that the elder brother will be deposed. "
惠之二十四年，晋始乱，故封桓叔于曲沃，靖侯之孙栾宾傅之。师服曰：“吾闻国家之立也，本大而末小，是以能固。故天子建国，诸侯立家，卿置侧室，大夫有贰宗，士有隶子弟，庶人、工、商，各有分亲，皆有等衰。是以民服事其上而下无觊觎。今晋，甸侯也，而建国。本既弱矣，其能久乎？”
In the 24th year of Huizhi, the Jin Dynasty began to be in chaos, so Uncle Huan was granted the title of Quwo, and Luan Bin, the grandson of Jinghou, served as his Fu. Shifu said: "I heard that when a country is established, it is big at the beginning and small at the end, so it can be consolidated. Therefore, when the emperor established the country, the princes established their families, the ministers set up side rooms, the officials had two clans, the scholars had subordinate children, the common people, workers, and merchants all had their own relatives, and they all declined. This is because the people serve it and there is no covetous one. Today, the Jin Dynasty has a Dianhou, and the country is established. The foundation is weak, how long can it last?"
鲁惠公二十四年，晋国开始发生动乱，所以把桓叔封在曲沃，靖侯的孙子栾叔做他的宰柏。师服说：“我听说国家的建立，根本大而枝节小，这样才能稳固。所以天子封建诸侯国，诸侯建立卿大夫的采邑，卿设置同宗兄弟为侧室官，大夫又有宗室子弟为贰宗官，士有仆隶子弟，庶人、工、商各有亲疏，都有大小不同的等级。所以百姓才肯事奉长上，身居下位的人也没有什么非分的念头。现在晋国是王畿之内的甸服侯国，而又另外建立侯国，它的根本既已衰弱，还能够长久吗？”
In the twenty-fourth year of Duke Hui of Lu, turmoil began in the Jin State, so Uncle Huan was granted a title in Quwo, and Uncle Luan, the grandson of Marquis Jing, became his chief minister. Shifu said: "I heard that the foundation of a country must be large and the branches small, so that it can be stable. Therefore, the emperor established feudal vassal states, and the princes established the fiefs of the ministers and ministers. The merchants and merchants all have different levels of relations, so the people are willing to serve the superiors, and those in lower positions have no unreasonable thoughts. Now that the Jin Kingdom is a Dianfu feudal state within the king's territory, and a separate feudal state has been established, can it last long since its foundation is weakened? "
惠之三十年，晋潘父弑昭侯而立桓叔，不克。晋人立孝侯。
In the 30th year of Huizhi's reign, Jin Pan's father killed Zhaohou and established Uncle Huan, but he failed. Jin people established Xiaohou.
惠之四十五年，曲沃庄伯伐翼，弑孝侯。翼人立其弟鄂侯。鄂侯生哀侯。哀侯侵陉庭之田。陉庭南鄙启曲沃伐翼。
In the forty-fifth year of Huizhi, Quwo Zhuangbo attacked Yi and killed Xiaohou. Yiren made his younger brother Ehou. The Marquis of E gave birth to the Marquis of Ai. The Marquis of Ai invaded the fields of Xingting. In the south of Xingting Courtyard, Qiqi Quwo Cuts Wings.
鲁惠公三十年，晋国的潘父杀了昭侯而接纳桓叔，没有成功。晋国人立了孝侯。鲁惠公四十五年，曲沃庄伯攻打翼城，杀了孝侯，翼城人立他的兄弟鄂侯。鄂侯生了哀侯。哀侯侵占陉庭地方的田土。陉庭南部边境的人引导曲沃攻打翼城。
In the 30th year of Duke Hui of Lu, Pan's father of Jin killed Zhaohou and accepted Uncle Huan, but failed. The people of Jin established Xiaohou. In the forty-fifth year of Duke Hui of Lu, Duke Zhuang of Quwo attacked Yicheng and killed Xiaohou. The people of Yicheng made his brother Ehou. The Marquis of E gave birth to the Marquis of Ai. Aihou occupied the fields in Xingting. People from the southern border of Xingting led Quwo to attack Yicheng.
