【经】
六年春正月，实来。夏四月，公会纪侯于成。秋八月壬午，大阅。蔡人杀陈佗。九月丁卯，子同生。冬，纪侯来朝。
In the first month of spring of the sixth year, it actually came. In the fourth month of summer, Guild Jihou Yu Cheng. Autumn and August, Renwu, great reading. Cai people killed Chen Tuo. On Ding Mao in the ninth month, the son was born at the same time. In winter, Marquis Ji came to court.
【传】
【Biography】
六年春，自曹来朝。书曰“实来”，不复其国也。
In the spring of the sixth year, Cao Cao came to the court. The book says, "Really come", he will not return to his country.
六年春季，（淳于公）从曹国前来朝见。《春秋》记载作“实来”，是由于他真正不再回国了。
In the spring of the sixth year, (Chun Yu Gong) came from Cao State to pay homage. "Spring and Autumn" recorded it as "actually coming" because he really never returned to China.
楚武王侵随，使薳(wěi)章求成焉。军于瑕以待之。随人使少师董成。斗伯比言于楚子曰：“吾不得志于汉东也，我则使然。我张吾三军而被吾甲兵，以武临之，彼则惧而协以谋我，故难间也。汉东之国随为大，随张必弃小国，小国离，楚之利也。少师侈，请羸师以张之。”熊率且比曰：“季梁在，何益？”斗伯比曰：“以为后图，少师得其君。”王毁军而纳少师。
King Wu of Chu invaded and followed him, sending Zhuo (wěi) Zhang Qiu to succeed. The army is waiting for its flaws. He sent his young master Dong Cheng to follow him. Dou Bobi said to Chuzi: "I don't want to be in the east of Han Dynasty, so I decided to do it. I spread my three armies, but my armored soldiers came to attack them with force. They were afraid and cooperated with me to plot, so it was difficult. The country of east Han Dynasty will grow bigger, and it will be bigger with Zhang. Abandoning a small country will benefit Chu. If you have a small army, please use it to support him. "Xiong Lianqiebi said, "What's the use of Ji Liang's presence?" Dou Bobi said, "I think it's a good idea to have a small army to get the king." The king destroyed the army and accepted the young army.
楚武王入侵随国，先派薳章去求和，把军队驻在瑕地以等待结果。随国人派少师主持和谈。鬬伯比对楚武王说：“我国在汉水东边不能达到目的，是我们自己造成的。我们扩大军队，整顿装备，用武力逼迫别国，他们害怕因而共同来对付我们，所以就难于离间了。在汉水东边的国家中，随国最大。随国要是自高自大，就必然抛弃小国。小国离心，对楚国有利。少师这个人很骄傲，请君王隐藏我军的精锐，而让他看到疲弱的士卒，助长他的骄傲。”熊率且比说：“有季梁在，这样做有什么好处？”鬬伯比说：“这是为以后打算，因为少师可以得到他们国君的信任。”楚武王故意把军容弄得疲疲塌塌来接待少师。
When King Wu of Chu invaded Sui, he first sent Chuan Zhang to sue for peace and stationed his troops in Xia Di to wait for the result. The people of Sui sent a young master to preside over the peace talks. Wu Bobi said to King Wu of Chu: "Our country cannot achieve its goals east of the Han River, and it is our own fault. We have expanded our army, reorganized our equipment, and used force to force other countries. They are afraid and will jointly deal with us, so it is difficult to separate. Among the countries east of the Han River, Sui is the largest. If Sui is arrogant, he will inevitably abandon small countries. Small countries are alienated from Chu. It is beneficial to the country. The young master is very proud and asks the king to hide the elite of our army and let him see the weak soldiers to fuel his pride." Xiong Shuqiebi said, "With Ji Liang here, what is the benefit of doing this?" Bobi said, "This is for the future, because the young master can gain the trust of their king." King Chu Wu deliberately made the army look tired and shabby to receive the young master.
少师归，请追楚师，随侯将许之。季梁止之曰：“天方授楚，楚之蠃，其诱我也，君何急焉？臣闻小之能敌大也，小道大淫。所谓道，忠于民而信于神也。上思利民，忠也；祝史正辞，信也。今民馁而君逞欲，祝史矫举以祭，臣不知其可也。”公曰：“吾牲牷肥腯，粢盛丰备，何则不信？”对曰：“夫民，神之主也。是以圣王先成民而后致力于神。故奉牲以告曰‘博硕肥腯’，谓民力之普存也，谓其畜之硕大蕃滋也，谓其不疾瘯(cù)蠡也，谓其备腯咸有也。奉盛以告曰‘洁粢丰盛’，谓其三时不害而民和年丰也。奉酒醴以告曰‘嘉栗旨酒’，谓其上下皆有嘉德而无违心也。所谓馨香，无谗慝(tè)也。故务其三时，修其五教，亲其九族，以致其禋祀。于是乎民和而神降之福，故动则有成。今民各有心，而鬼神乏主，君虽独丰，其何福之有！君姑修政而亲兄弟之国，庶免于难。”随侯惧而修政，楚不敢伐。
When the young master returns, please pursue the Chu master and follow the marquis to promise him. Ji Liang Zhizhi said: "Heaven has given Chu, and Chu is a coward. He has tempted me. Why are you in such a hurry? I have heard that the small can defeat the big, and the small way is big. The so-called Tao means being loyal to the people and trusting in God. Loyalty is the thought of benefiting the people. Faith is also the way to wish the historian a correct speech. Nowadays, the people are discouraged and the king is greedy. I wish the history to make sacrifices, but I don't. I know it is possible." The duke said, "My animal is fat and rich, so why don't you believe it?" He said to me, "The people are the masters of gods. Therefore, the holy king first became the people and then dedicated himself to the gods." This means that the people's strength is abundant, and that the beast is rich and fertile. It is said that it has good taste and is fragrant. It means that it will not harm the people during the three seasons. It means that it will be good for the people. It means that it has good virtues and is not contrary to the heart. The so-called fragrant fragrance is not slanderous (tè). At that time, he cultivated his five religions and loved his nine tribes, so that he could worship them. As a result, the people were harmonious and the gods brought blessings. Now the people have their own intentions, but the ghosts and gods have no masters. Although the king is rich, what blessings are there! In a country where the king and his aunt are responsible for the government, the common people will not be afraid of the government.
少师回去，请求追逐楚军。随侯将要答应，季梁劝阻说：“上天正在帮助楚国，楚国军队显得疲塌的样子，是引诱我们。君王何必急于从事？下臣听说小国之所以能够抵抗大国，是小国有道，而大国君主沉溺于私欲。所谓道，就是忠于百姓而取信于神明。上边的人想到对百姓有利，这是忠；祝史真实不欺地祝祷，这是信。现在百姓饥饿而国君放纵个人享乐，祝史浮夸功德来祭祀，下臣不知怎样行得通？”随侯说：“我祭祀用的牲口都既无杂色，又很肥大，黍稷也都丰盛完备，为什么不能取信于神明？”季梁回答说：“百姓，是神明的主人。因此圣王先团结百姓，而后才致力于神明，所以在奉献牺牲的时候祝告说：‘牲口又大又肥。’这是说百姓的财力普遍富足，牲畜肥大而繁殖生长，并没有得病而瘦弱，又有各种优良品种。在奉献黍稷的时候祷告说：‘洁净的粮食盛得满满的。’这是说春、夏、秋三季没有天灾，百姓和睦而收成很好。在奉献甜酒的时候祝告说：‘又好又清的美酒。’这是说上上下下都有美德而没有坏心眼。所谓的祭品芳香，就是人心没有邪念。因为春、夏、秋三季都努力于农耕，修明五教，敦睦九族，用这些行为来致祭神明，百姓便和睦，神灵也降福，所以做任何事情都能成功。现在百姓各有各的想法，鬼神没有依靠，君王一个人祭祀丰富，又能求得什么福气呢？君王姑且修明政治，亲近兄弟国家，看能否免于祸难。”随侯害怕了，从而修明政治，楚国就没有敢来攻打。
The young master went back and asked to pursue the Chu army. When Sui Hou was about to agree, Ji Liang dissuaded him and said: "Heaven is helping the Chu State. The Chu State's army looks exhausted, which is tempting us. Why should the king be in a hurry? I heard that the reason why a small country can resist a big country is because of the small country." Tao, but the monarch of a great country is obsessed with selfish desires. The so-called Tao is to be loyal to the people and gain trust from the gods. The people above think of benefiting the people, which is loyalty; praying to the truth without deception, this is faith. I don’t know how to make sacrifices for my personal enjoyment, but I don’t know how to do it.” Suihou said, “The animals I use for sacrifices are all clean and fat, and the millet and grain are abundant and complete. Why can’t I win the trust of the gods?” Ji Liang replied: "The people are the masters of the gods. Therefore, the holy king first unites the people and then devotes himself to the gods. Therefore, when offering sacrifices, he prayed: 'The animals are big and fat.' This means that the people's financial resources are generally rich." , the livestock are fat and multiplying, and they are not sick and thin, and there are all kinds of fine varieties. When offering the millet, they pray: "There will be plenty of clean food." This means that there will be no natural disasters in spring, summer, and autumn. The surname is harmonious and the harvest is good. When offering sweet wine, I wish to say: "Good and clear wine." This means that there is virtue in both the upper and lower parts, and there is no evil intention in the people's hearts. In the three seasons of autumn and autumn, we work hard on farming, cultivating the five religions, and harmonizing the nine tribes. If we use these actions to sacrifice to the gods, the people will be harmonious, and the gods will bless them, so everything they do can be successful. Now the people have their own ideas, and the ghosts and gods do not. Depend on it, what kind of blessing can the king get if he makes many sacrifices? The king will cultivate his political power and get close to his brothers to see if he can avoid disaster. "The prince was afraid, so he cultivated his political power and the Chu State did not dare to attack.
夏，会于成，纪来咨谋齐难也。
In the summer, the meeting will be completed, and Ji will come to consult and make plans.
夏季，鲁桓公和纪侯在成地相会。这是由于纪侯前来商谈如何对付齐国灭纪的企图。
In the summer, Duke Huan of Lu and Marquis Ji met in Chengdi. This is because the Marquis of Ji came to discuss how to deal with Qi's attempt to destroy Ji.
北戎伐齐，齐侯使乞师于郑。郑大子忽帅师救齐。六月，大败戎师，获其二帅大良、少良，甲首三百，以献于齐。于是，诸侯之大夫戍齐，齐人馈之饩，使鲁为其班，后郑。郑忽以其有功也，怒，故有郎之师。
When the Northern Army attacked Qi, the Marquis of Qi sent a begging teacher to Zheng. Zheng Dazi suddenly commanded his troops to rescue Qi. In the sixth month, they defeated the army and captured their two commanders, Daliang and Shaoliang, with three hundred heads, which they presented to Qi. Therefore, the officials of the princes garrisoned Qi, and the people of Qi fed them with food and sent Lu to be their subordinates, followed by Zheng. Zheng Hu was angry because of his merits, so he had Lang as his teacher.
北戎进攻齐国，齐国派人到郑国求援。郑国的太子忽率领军队救援齐国。六月，大败戎军，俘虏了它的两个主帅大良、少良，砍了带甲戎军三百人的脑袋，献给齐国。当时，诸侯的大夫在齐国防守边境，齐国人馈送他们食物，让鲁国来确定致送各国军队的先后次序。鲁国因依照周王朝所定的次序，把郑国排在后面。郑太子忽认为自己有功劳，很恼怒，所以四年之后就有郎地的战役。
Beirong attacked Qi State, and Qi State sent people to Zheng State to ask for help. The prince of Zheng suddenly led an army to rescue Qi. In June, they defeated the Rong army and captured its two commanders, Daliang and Shaoliang. They chopped off the heads of 300 armored soldiers and presented them to Qi. At that time, the officials of the princes were guarding the border in Qi State. The people of Qi State gave them food, and asked the State of Lu to determine the order of sending the troops of various countries. Lu Guoyin followed the order set by the Zhou Dynasty and ranked Zheng Guo behind. Prince Zheng suddenly thought that he had merit and was very angry, so four years later there was the battle of Langdi.
公之未昏于齐也，齐侯欲以文姜妻郑大子忽。大子忽辞，人问其故，大子曰：“人各有耦，齐大，非吾耦也。《诗》云：‘自求多福。’在我而已，大国何为？”君子曰：“善自为谋。”及其败戎师也，齐侯又请妻之，固辞。人问其故，大子曰：“无事于齐，吾犹不敢。今以君命奔齐之急，而受室以归，是以师昏也。民其谓我何？”遂辞诸郑伯。
Before the duke fell asleep at Qi, the Marquis of Qi wanted to marry Jiang's wife Zheng Dazi. The eldest son suddenly resigned, and people asked him why. The eldest son said: "Everyone has a couple, and they are all together, and they are not my couple." "Poem" says: "I seek blessings for myself." It's just me, what can a big country do?" The gentleman said: "A good man can make plans for himself." After defeating the army commander, the Marquis of Qi asked for his wife again, and he resigned. When people asked why, the eldest son said: "I dare not go to Qi if I have nothing to do. Now I am in a hurry to run to Qi because of the king's orders, but I have accepted a wife and returned home. This is because the teacher is in a coma. What do the people call me?" Then he said goodbye to Uncle Zheng.
桓公在没有向齐国求婚以前，齐僖公想把文姜嫁给太子忽。太子忽辞谢，别人问为什么，太子忽说：“人人都有合适的配偶，齐国强大，不是我的配偶。《诗》说：‘求于自己，多受福德。’靠我自己就是了，要大国干什么？”君子说：“太子忽善于为自己打算。”等到他打败了戎军，齐僖公又请求把别的女子嫁给他。太子忽坚决辞谢，别人问为什么，太子忽说：“我为齐国没有做什么事情，尚且不敢娶他们的女子。现在由于国君的命令急忙地到齐国解救危急，反而娶了妻子回国，这是利用战争而成婚，百姓将会对我有什么议论呢？”于是就用郑庄公的名义辞谢了。
Before Duke Huan proposed to Qi, Duke Xi of Qi wanted to marry Wen Jiang to Prince Hu. The prince suddenly declined, and when others asked why, the prince suddenly said: "Everyone has a suitable spouse. Qi is a strong country, not my spouse." "Poetry" said: 'Ask for yourself, and you will receive more blessings.' I just rely on myself, what do I need from a big country?" The gentleman said: "The prince suddenly is good at planning for himself." When he defeated the Rong army, Qi Xi Gong asked for another woman to marry him. The prince suddenly refused firmly. When others asked why, the prince suddenly said: "I have done nothing for the state of Qi, and I dare not marry their daughter. Now because of the king's order, I rushed to the state of Qi to rescue the crisis. Instead, I married my wife and returned to the country. This is taking advantage of the war to get married. What will the people say about me?" So he resigned in the name of Duke Zhuang of Zheng.
秋，大阅，简车马也。
Autumn, great reading, simple carriages and horses.
秋季，举行盛大的阅兵仪式，这是检阅战车和马匹。
In autumn, a grand military parade is held to review chariots and horses.
九月丁卯，子同生，以大子生之礼举之，接以大牢，卜士负之，士妻食之。公与文姜、宗妇命之。
In the ninth month, Dingmao, the son was born at the same time. He was raised with the ceremony of giving birth to a eldest son, and he was placed in a prison. The fortune teller carried it and his wife ate it. The Duke, Wen Jiang and Zong's wife ordered him to do so.
九月二十四日，儿子同出生，举行太子出生的礼仪：父亲接见儿子时用牛、羊、豕各一的太宰，用占卜选择士人背他，用占卜选择士人的妻子给他喂奶，桓公和文姜、同宗妇人为他取名字。
On September 24th, the son was born together, and the ceremony for the birth of a prince was held: when the father received his son, he used a ox, a sheep, and a pig each. He used divination to select a scholar to carry him, and used divination to select the scholar's wife to breastfeed him. Duke Huan, Wen Jiang, and a woman from the same clan named him.
公问名于申繻。对曰：“名有五，有信，有义，有象，有假，有类。以名生为信，以德命为义，以类命为象，取于物为假，取于父为类。不以国，不以官，不以山川，不以隐疾，不以畜牲，不以器币。周人以讳事神，名，终将讳之。故以国则废名，以官则废职，以山川则废主，以畜牲则废祀，以器币则废礼。晋以僖侯废司徒，宋以武公废司空，先君献，武废二山，是以大物不可以命。”公曰：“是其生也，与吾同物，命之曰同。”
The public asked about the name of Shen Sui. He said: "There are five kinds of names: faith, meaning, image, falsehood, and kind. The name is born as faith, virtue and destiny are righteousness, the name is the image, the thing is false, and the father is the kind. Not based on country, not based on officials, not based on mountains and rivers, not based on hidden diseases, not based on animals, not based on utensils and coins. People in Zhou Dynasty use taboo to serve gods, and names will eventually be used. Therefore, the name is abolished by the country, the master is abolished by the mountains and rivers, the sacrifices are abolished by the animals, and the rituals are abolished by the weapons and coins.
桓公向申繻询问取名字的事。申繻回答说：“取名有五种方式，有信，有义，有像，有假，有类。用出生的某一种情况来命名是信，用祥瑞的字眼来命名是义，用相类似的字眼来命名是像，假借某种事物的名称来命名是假，借用和父亲有关的字眼来命名是类。命名不用国名，不用官名，不用山川名，不用疾病名，不用牲畜名，不用器物礼品名。周朝人用避讳来奉事神明，名，在死了以后就要避讳。所以用国名命名，就会废除人名，用官名命名就会改变官称，用山川命名就会改变山川的神名，用牲畜命名就会废除祭祀，用器物礼品命名就会废除礼仪。晋国因为僖公而废除司徒之官，宋国因为武公而废除司空之官名，我国因为先君献公、武公而废除具山、敖山二山之名，所以大的事物不可以用来命名。”桓公说：“这孩子的出生，和我在同一个干支，把他命名叫做同。”
Duke Huan asked Shen Sui about the name. Shen Sui replied: "There are five ways to name, including faith, righteousness, image, falsehood, and kind. Naming with a certain situation of birth is xin, naming with auspicious words is righteousness, naming with similar words is like, and naming with the name of something. It’s false. It’s a kind of naming that uses words related to the father. It doesn’t use the name of the country, the name of the official, the name of the mountain, the name of the disease, the name of the animal, or the name of the objects and gifts. People in the Zhou Dynasty used taboos to serve the gods. Naming after the country will abolish the person's name, naming after the official will change the official title, naming after the mountains and rivers will change the names of gods, naming after animals will abolish the sacrifices, naming utensils and gifts will abolish the etiquette. The official name of Sikong was abolished in our country because of Duke Wu, and the names of Jushan and Aoshan were abolished in our country because of our ancestors Xian Gong and Wu Gong. Therefore, big things cannot be named." Duke Huan said: "This child was born in the same zodiac as me, so I named him the same."
冬，纪侯来朝，请王命以求成于齐，公告不能。
In the winter, Marquis Ji came to court and asked the king for orders to bring Qi together, but the announcement could not be made.
冬季，纪侯前来朝见，请求鲁国代纪国取得周天子的命令去向齐国求和。桓公告诉他说自己做不到。
In the winter, Marquis Ji came to court and asked the State of Lu to obtain the order from the Emperor of Zhou to sue for peace from the State of Qi on behalf of the State of Ji. Duke Huan told him that he couldn't do it.
