【经】
二十有八年春,晋侯侵曹,晋侯伐卫。公子买戍卫,不卒戍,刺之。楚人救卫。三月丙午,晋侯入曹,执曹伯。畀宋人。夏四月己巳,晋侯、齐师、宋师、秦师及楚人战于城濮,楚师败绩。楚杀其大夫得臣。卫侯出奔楚。五月癸丑,公会晋侯、齐侯、宋公、蔡侯、郑伯、卫子、莒子,盟于践土。陈侯如会。公朝于王所。六月,卫侯郑自楚复归于卫。卫元咺出奔晋。陈侯款卒。秋,杞伯姬来。公子遂如齐。冬,公会晋侯、齐侯、宋公、蔡侯、郑伯、陈子、莒子、邾人、秦人于温。天王狩于河阳。壬申,公朝于王所。晋人执卫侯,归之于京师。卫元咺自晋复归于卫。诸侯遂围许。曹伯襄复归于曹,遂会诸侯围许。
In the spring of the eighth year of the twentieth year, the Marquis of Jin invaded Cao Cao, and the Marquis of Jin attacked the Wei. The young master bought a garrison, but instead of garrisoning soldiers, he stabbed them. Chu people came to the rescue. On Bingwu in the third month, the Marquis of Jin entered Cao and took charge of Cao Bo. To the people of Song Dynasty. At the end of the fourth month of summer, the Marquis of Jin, the troops of Qi, the troops of Song, the troops of Qin, and the people of Chu fought in Chengpu, and the troops of Chu were defeated. Chu killed its officials and gained ministers. The Marquis of Wei left for Chu. In the fifth month of Guichou, the Duke of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Cai, Zheng Bo, Wei Zi, and Ju Zi allied themselves with Jiantu. Chen Houruhui. The public dynasty is in the royal residence. In the sixth month, Wei Hou Zheng returned to Wei from Chu. Wei Yuanyu left for Jin. Chen Hou paid for his death. In autumn, Qi Boji comes. The young master then came together. In winter, the Duke of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Cai, Zheng Bo, Chen Zi, Ju Zi, Zhu people, and Qin people came to Wen. The king of heaven hunted in Heyang. Renshen, the official dynasty was in the royal residence. The people of Jin were appointed as guards and returned to the capital. Wei Yuanyu returned to Wei from Jin. The princes then surrounded Xu. Cao Boxiang returned to Cao Cao and gathered the princes to surround him.
【传】
【Biography】
二十八年春,晋侯将伐曹,假道于卫,卫人弗许。还,自南河济。侵曹伐卫。正月戊申,取五鹿。二月,晋郤縠卒。原轸将中军,胥臣佐下军,上德也。晋侯、齐侯盟于敛盂。卫侯请盟,晋人弗许。卫侯欲与楚,国人不欲,故出其君以说于晋。卫侯出居于襄牛。
In the spring of the twenty-eighth year, the Marquis of Jin attacked Cao Cao and falsely followed the path of the Wei, but the people of the Wei refused. Also, from Nanheji. Invading Cao and attacking Wei. On Wushen day of the first month, take five deer. In February, Jin Queyu died. The original general Zhen was in the middle of the army, and the minister Xu assisted the lower army, which is also a virtue. The Marquis of Jin and the Marquis of Qi formed an alliance in Lianmen. The Marquis of Wei asked for an alliance, and the people of Jin agreed. The Marquis of Wei wanted to be with Chu, but the people of the country did not want to, so he sent out his king to talk to Jin. Marquis Wei was born in Xiangniu.
二十八年春季,晋文公准备攻打曹国,向卫国借路。卫国不答应。回来,从南河渡过黄河,入侵曹国,攻打卫国。正月初九日,占取了五鹿。二月,郤縠死。原轸率领中军,胥臣辅助下军,把原轸提升,是为了重视才德。晋文公和齐昭公在敛盂结盟。卫成公请求参加盟约,晋国人不答应。卫成公想亲附楚国,国内的人们不愿意,所以赶走了他们的国君,来讨好晋国。卫成公离开国都住在襄牛。
In the spring of the twenty-eighth year, Duke Wen of Jin prepared to attack Cao State and borrowed a road from Wei State. Weiguo refused. After returning, he crossed the Yellow River from Nanhe, invaded the state of Cao, and attacked the state of Wei. On the ninth day of the first lunar month, Wulu was captured. In February, Queyu died. Yuan Zhen led the central army, and Xu Chen assisted the lower army. Yuan Zhen was promoted in order to emphasize talent and virtue. Duke Wen of Jin and Duke Zhao of Qi formed an alliance in Lianyu. Duke Cheng of Wei requested to join the alliance, but the Jin people refused. Duke Cheng of Wei wanted to ally himself with the state of Chu, but the people in the country were unwilling, so he drove away their king to please the state of Jin. Duke Cheng of Wei lived in Xiangniu when he left the country.
公子买戍卫,楚人救卫,不克。公惧于晋,杀子丛以说焉。谓楚人曰:“不卒戍也。”
The prince bought a garrison, and the Chu people came to rescue him, but he could not defeat it. The Duke was afraid of the Jin Dynasty, so he killed Zi Cong to express his opinion. He said to the people of Chu: "It is not necessary to defend the enemy."
公子买驻守在卫国,楚国人救援卫国,没有得胜。鲁僖公害怕晋国,杀了公子买来讨好晋国。骗楚国人说:“他驻守没到期就想回来,所以杀了他。”
Prince Mai was stationed in Weiguo, and the people of Chu came to the rescue of Weiguo, but they failed to win. Duke Xi of Lu was afraid of the state of Jin, so he killed the young master and bought him to please the state of Jin. He lied to the people of Chu and said, "He wanted to come back before his garrison was over, so I killed him."
晋侯围曹,门焉,多死,曹人尸诸城上,晋侯患之,听舆人之谋曰称:“舍于墓。”师迁焉,曹人凶惧,为其所得者棺而出之,因其凶也而攻之。三月丙午,入曹。数之,以其不用僖负羁而乘轩者三百人也。且曰:“献状。”令无入僖负羁之宫而免其族,报施也。魏准、颠颉怒曰:“劳之不图,报于何有!”蓺僖负羁氏。魏准伤于胸,公欲杀之而爱其材,使问,且视之。病,将杀之。魏准束胸见使者曰:“以君之灵,不有宁也。”距跃三百,曲踊三百。乃舍之。杀颠颉以徇于师,立舟之侨以为戎右。
The Marquis of Jin besieged Cao, and many people died. The corpses of Cao's people were on the city walls. The Marquis of Jin was troubled by this. He listened to the advice of his advisers and said, "Leave it in the tomb." On Bingwu in March, he entered Cao Cao. In total, there are three hundred people who can ride in the pavilion without having to bear any restraints. He also said: "Presentation." He ordered Wu to enter the palace of Xifuji and avoid his clan, which is a reward for charity. Wei Zhun and Dianjie said angrily: "If you work hard for nothing, what will you get in return?" Wei Zhun was wounded in the chest. The prince wanted to kill him but he loved his talent, so he asked about it and looked at it. If you are sick, you will kill them. Wei Zhun tied up his chest and saw the envoy and said: "With the spirit of the king, there is no peace." The distance is three hundred, and the song is three hundred. But give it up. Kill Dianjie to show favor to the army, and set up a boat for the overseas Chinese to serve as Rongyou.
晋文公发兵包围曹国,攻城,战死的人很多。曹军把晋军的尸体陈列在城上,晋文公很担心。听了士兵们的主意,声称“在曹国人的墓地宿营”。军队转移。曹国人恐惧,把他们得到的晋军的尸体装进棺材运出来,晋军由于曹军恐惧而攻城。三月初八日,进入曹国,责备曹国不任用僖负羁,做官坐车的反倒有三百人,并且说当年观看自己洗澡,现在罪有应得。下令不许进入僖负羁的家里,同时赦免他的族人,这是为了报答恩惠。魏犫、颠颉发怒说:“不替有功劳或者苦劳的人着想,还报答个什么恩惠?”放火烧了僖负羁的家。魏犫胸部受伤,晋文公想杀死他,但又爱惜他的才能,派人去慰问,同时观察病情。如果伤势很重,就准备杀了他。魏犫捆紧胸膛出见使者,说:“由于国君的威灵,难道我敢图安逸吗!”说着就向上跳了很多次,又向前跳了很多次。晋文公于是就饶恕了他,而杀死颠颉通报全军,立舟之侨作为车右。
Duke Wen of Jin sent troops to surround Cao State and attack the city. Many people died in the battle. Cao Jun displayed the Jin army's corpses on the city wall, and Jin Wengong was very worried. After listening to the soldiers' ideas, they claimed to "camp in the cemetery of Cao people". Troops moved. The people of Cao State were frightened, so they put the corpses of the Jin soldiers they obtained into coffins and transported them out. The Jin army attacked the city because of Cao's army's fear. On the eighth day of March, he entered Cao State and blamed Cao State for not appointing Xi Fuqi. Instead, there were 300 officials riding in the carriage. He also said that he had watched him take a bath, and now he deserved it. He ordered not to enter Xi Fuji's home and pardoned his clan members in order to repay the favor. Wei Yao and Dianjie got angry and said, "If you don't consider those who have meritorious service or hard work, what kind of favor can you repay?" They set fire to Xi Fuji's home. Wei Jian was injured in the chest. Duke Wen of Jin wanted to kill him, but he cherished his talents and sent people to express condolences and observe his condition. If the injury is serious, be prepared to kill him. Wei Yao tied his chest tightly and went out to see the envoy, saying, "Because of the king's power, how dare I seek comfort?" As he spoke, he jumped up and forward many times. Jin Wengong then forgave him, killed Dianjie and reported it to the whole army, and appointed Zhou Zhiqiao as the right charioteer.
宋人使门尹般如晋师告急。公曰:“宋人告急,舍之则绝,告楚不许。我欲战矣,齐、秦未可,若之何?”先轸曰:“使宋舍我而赂齐、秦,藉之告楚。我执曹君而分曹、卫之田以赐宋人。楚爱曹、卫,必不许也。喜赂怒顽,能无战乎?”公说,执曹伯,分曹、卫之田以畀宋人。
The people of the Song Dynasty sent Banru, the master of the Jin Dynasty, to ask for help. The duke said: "The people of Song Dynasty are in a hurry, and if they give it up, they will die, and they will not sue Chu. I want to fight, but Qi and Qin can't do it, what if?" Xian Zhen said: "Let Song give me up and bribe Qi and Qin, and use it to sue Chu. I will take over Cao Jun and divide the land of Cao and Wei to give to the people of Song Dynasty. Chu loves Cao and Wei and will not allow it. He likes to bribe and is stubborn, how can he not fight?
宋国派门尹般到晋军中报告危急情况。晋文公说:“宋国来报告危急情况,不去救他就断绝了交往,请求楚国解围,他们又不答应。我们想作战,齐国和秦国又不同意。怎么办?”先轸说:“让宋国丢开我国而去给齐国、秦国赠送财礼。假借他们两国去请求楚国。我们逮住曹国国君,把曹国、卫国的田地分给宋国。楚国喜欢曹国、卫国,一定不答应齐国和秦国的请求。齐国和秦国对宋国的财礼喜欢,而对楚国的固执很生气,能够不打仗吗?”晋文公很高兴,拘捕了曹共公,把曹国和卫国的田地分给了宋国人。
The Song State sent its disciple Yin Ban to the Jin army to report the critical situation. Duke Wen of Jin said: "The State of Song came to report the critical situation, but instead of rescuing him, it cut off relations and asked Chu for relief, but they did not agree. We want to fight, but Qi and Qin do not agree. What should we do?" Xian Zhen said: "Let Song abandon us and give gifts to Qi and Qin. We will use them to ask Chu for help. Let's catch Cao Cao. The king of the state gave the lands of Cao and Wei to Song. Chu liked Cao and Wei, so they would not agree to the requests of Qi and Qin. Qi and Qin liked Song's gifts, but were angry with Chu's stubbornness. How could they not go to war?" Duke Wen of Jin was very happy, and arrested Cao Gong and gave the lands of Cao and Wei to the people of Song.
楚子入居于申,使申叔去谷,使子玉去宋,曰:“无従晋师。晋侯在外十九年矣,而果得晋国。险阻艰难,备尝之矣;民之情伪,尽知之矣。天假之年,而除其害。天之所置,其可废乎?《军志》曰:‘允当则归。’又曰:‘知难而退。’又曰:‘有德不可敌。’此三志者,晋之谓矣。”子玉使伯棼请战,曰:“非敢必有功也,愿以间执谗慝之口。”王怒,少与之师,唯西广、东宫与若敖之六卒实従之。
Chuzi settled in Shen, sent Uncle Shen to Gu, and Ziyu to Song Dynasty, saying: "There are no Jin divisions. The Marquis of Jin has been away for nineteen years, and he has won the Kingdom of Jin. The dangers and difficulties are prepared to taste; the people's sentiments are fake, and they are all known. In the year of heaven's holiday, the harm can be eliminated. Can it be abolished according to the arrangement of heaven? "Military Chronicles" said: ' He said: "Retreat when you know it's difficult." He also said: "Those who are virtuous are invincible." Ziyu sent Bo Fen to ask for a fight, saying: "If you don't dare, you will have merit."
楚成王进入申城并住下来,让申叔离开穀地,让子玉离开宋国,说:“不要去追逐晋国军队!晋文公在外边,十九年了,而果然得到了晋国。险阻艰难,都尝过了;民情真假,也都知道了。上天给予他年寿,同时除去了他的祸害,上天所设置的,难道可以废除吗?《军志》说:‘适可而止。’又说:‘知难而退。’又说:‘有德的人不能抵挡。’这三条记载,适用于晋国。”子玉派遣伯棼向成王请战,说:“不敢说一定有功劳,愿意借此堵塞奸邪小人的口。”楚成王发怒,少给他军队,只有西广、东宫和若敖的一百八十辆战车跟去。
King Chu Cheng entered Shen City and settled there. He asked Uncle Shen to leave the valley and Ziyu to leave the Song Kingdom. He said: "Don't chase the Jin army! Jin Wengong has been outside for nineteen years, and he has won the Jin Kingdom. He has experienced all the dangers and hardships, and knows the true and false sentiments of the people. God gave him a long life and at the same time eliminated his harm. Can what God has set up be abolished? "Military" "Zhi" said: "Stop when you know it is difficult." He also said: "A virtuous person cannot resist." These three records apply to the state of Jin. "Ziyu sent Bo Fen to ask for a battle, saying, "I don't dare to say that he will have merit, but he is willing to use it to stop the evil villain." King Chu Cheng was angry and gave him less troops. Only 180 chariots from Xiguang, Donggong and Ruoao followed.
子玉使宛春告于晋师曰:“请复卫侯而封曹,臣亦释宋之围。”子犯曰:“子玉无礼哉!君取一,臣取二,不可失矣。”先轸曰:“子与之。定人之谓礼,楚一言而定三国,我一言而亡之。我则无礼,何以战乎?不许楚言,是弃宋也。救而弃之,谓诸侯何?楚有三施,我有三怨,怨仇已多,将何以战?不如私许复曹、卫以携之,执宛春以怒楚,既战而后图之。”公说,乃拘宛春于卫,且私许复曹、卫。曹、卫告绝于楚。
Ziyu envoy Wanchun told the Jin master: "Please restore the Marquis of Wei and grant Cao Cao, and I will also release the siege of Song Dynasty." Ziyu said: "Ziyu is rude! The king takes one, and the minister takes two. Don't lose it." To fight? If you don't allow Chu to speak, you are abandoning Song. What do you mean by the princes? Chu has three grievances, and I have many grievances. Why should I fight with them? It's better to take Wanchun to anger Chu and then fight. Cao and Wei surrendered to Chu.
子玉派宛春到晋军中报告说:“请恢复卫侯的君位,同时把土地退还曹国,我也解除对宋国的包围。”子犯说:“子玉无礼啊!给君王的,只是解除对宋国的包围一项,而要求君王给出的,却是复卫封曹两项。这次打仗的机会不可失掉了。”先轸说:“君王应该答应他的请求。安定别人叫做礼,楚国人一句话安定三国,我们一句话而使它们灭亡。我们就无礼,拿什么来作战呢?不答应楚国的请求,这是抛弃宋国;救援了又抛弃他,将对诸侯说什么?楚国有三项恩惠,我们有三项怨仇,怨仇已经太多了,准备拿什么作战?不如私下里答应恢复曹国和卫国来离间他们,逮了宛春来激怒楚国,等打起仗再说。”晋文公很高兴。于是把宛春囚禁在卫国,同时私下里允诺恢复曹、卫。曹、卫就与楚国断绝邦交。
Ziyu sent Wanchun to the Jin army to report: "Please restore Weihou to the throne, and at the same time return the land to Cao State, and I will also lift the siege of Song State." Ziyu said, "Ziyu is rude! What I gave to the king is only to lift the siege of Song State. He asked the king to give him two things: to defend him and to grant him a title. This opportunity for war must not be missed. "Xian Zhen said, "The king should agree to his request, which is called "pacification" by the people of Chu. The Three Kingdoms, we will destroy them with one word. We are rude. If we don't agree to Chu's request, we are abandoning Song. What will we do to the princes after we rescue him? We have three grievances and we have too many grievances. What are we going to do to fight? Why don't we secretly agree to restore Cao and Wei to alienate them, and arrest Wanchun to anger Chu." Duke Wen of Jin was very happy. So Wanchun was imprisoned in Weiguo, and at the same time he privately promised to restore Cao and Wei. Cao and Wei severed diplomatic relations with Chu.
子玉怒,従晋师。晋师退。军吏曰:“以君辟臣,辱也。且楚师老矣,何故退?”子犯曰:“师直为壮,曲为老。岂在久乎?微楚之惠不及此,退三舍辟之,所以报也。背惠食言,以亢其仇,我曲楚直。其众素饱,不可谓老。我退而楚还,我将何求?若其不还,君退臣犯,曲在彼矣。”退三舍。楚众欲止,子玉不可。
Ziyu was angry and went to Jinshi. The Jin army retreated. The military officer said: "It is humiliating to use a king to replace a minister. Besides, the Chu master is old, why should he retreat?" Zifu said: "The master is strong when he is straight, and he is old when he is crooked. How can it be long? The benefits of Wei Chu are not as good as this. He retreated three times to replace him, so Repay. If you betray your promise and take revenge, I will go back to Chu. If you don't return, I will retreat to Sanshe. The people of Chu wanted to stop, but Ziyu couldn't.
子玉发怒,追逐晋军。晋军撤退。军吏说:“以国君而躲避臣下,这是耻辱;而且楚军已经疲劳不堪,为什么退走?”子犯说:“出兵作战,有理就气壮,无理就气衰,哪里在于在外边时间的长短呢?如果没有楚国的恩惠,我们到不了这里。退三舍躲避他们,就是作为报答。背弃恩惠而说话不算数,要用这个来蔽护他们的敌人,我们缺理而楚国有理,加上他们的士气一向饱满,不能认为是衰疲。我们退走而楚军回去,我们还要求什么?如果他们不回去,国君退走,而臣下进犯,他们就缺理了。”晋军退走三舍。楚国骑士要停下来,子玉不同意。
Ziyu became angry and chased the Jin army. The Jin army retreated. The military officer said: "It is a shame to be a king and avoid his subordinates; and the Chu army is exhausted, why retreat?" Zifu said: "When sending troops to fight, you will be strong when you are justified, and you will be weak when you are unreasonable. How does it depend on the length of time you are outside? Without the kindness of Chu, we would not be here. Retreating to avoid them is a reward. It is unreasonable for us to use this to protect their enemies. In addition, their morale has always been full, so it cannot be considered as weak. If we retreat and the Chu army goes back, what else do we ask for? If the king retreats and his subordinates attack, they are unreasonable. The Chu knight wanted to stop, but Ziyu disagreed.
夏四月戊辰,晋侯、宋公、齐国归父、崔夭、秦小子慭(yìn)次于城濮。楚师背酅而舍,晋侯患之,听舆人之诵,曰:“原田每每,舍其旧而新是谋。”公疑焉。子犯曰:“战也。战而捷,必得诸侯。若其不捷,表里山河,必无害也。”公曰:“若楚惠何?”栾贞子曰:“汉阳诸姬,楚实尽之,思小惠而忘大耻,不如战也。”晋侯梦与楚子搏,楚子伏己而监其脑,是以惧。子犯曰:“吉。我得天,楚伏其罪,吾且柔之矣。”
On Wuchen in the fourth month of summer, the Marquis of Jin, Duke of Song, Gui Fu of Qi, Cui Yao, and Xiaozi of Qin came to Chengpu. The master of Chu threw away the old stuff on his back, and the Marquis of Jin was worried about it. He listened to the recitation of the public and said: "Every time in the original field, it is a plan to discard the old and replace it with the new." The public doubted it. Zifu said: "War means war. If you win in battle, you will win over the princes. If you are not quick, the mountains and rivers inside and outside will be harmless." The duke said: "What will be the benefit of Chu?" Luan Zhenzi said: "The concubines of Hanyang, Chu is really exhausted, thinking of small benefits and forgetting the big shame, it is better to fight." The prince of Jin dreamed of fighting with Chu Zi, Chu Zi laid himself down and imprisoned his brain, so he was afraid. Zifan said: "Good luck. I have obtained heaven, and I am so gentle that I can subdue its sins. I am gentle."
夏季,四月初一日,晋文公、宋成公、齐国的国归父、崔夭、秦国的小子慭驻在城催。楚军背靠着险要的地方扎营,晋文公担心这件事。听到士兵念诵说:“休耕田里的绿草繁茂,丢开旧草而对新的加以犁锄。”晋文公很疑惑。子犯说:“出战吧!战而得胜,一定得到诸侯;如果不胜,我国外有大河,内有高山,一定没有什么害处。”晋文公说:“对楚国的恩惠怎么办?”栾枝说:“汉水以北的姬姓诸国,楚国都把它们吞并完了。想着小恩惠,而忘记大耻大辱,不如出战。”晋文公梦中和楚王搏斗,楚王伏在自己身上咀嚼自己的脑浆,因而害怕。子犯说:“吉利。我得到上天,楚国伏罪,而且我们已经安抚他们了。”
In summer, on the first day of April, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Cheng of Song, Guo Guifu of Qi, Cui Yao, and Xiaozi of Qin were stationed in the city. The Chu army camped with its back in a dangerous place, and Duke Wen of Jin was worried about this. Hearing the soldiers reciting: "The green grass in the fallow fields is lush, throw away the old grass and plow the new ones." Jin Wengong was very puzzled. Zifu said: "Go to war! If you win the battle, you will definitely get the princes; if you don't win, there are big rivers outside our country and high mountains inside, so there will be no harm." Jin Wengong said: "What should I do with the favor of Chu?" Luan Zhi said: "Han The Chu State has completely annexed all the countries with the surname Ji north of the water. Thinking of small favors and forgetting the great shame, it is better to go to war. "In his dream, Duke Wen of Jin fought with the King of Chu, and the King of Chu leaned on him and chewed his own brains, so he was afraid. Zifu said: "It's auspicious. I've got heaven, Chu's country is at fault, and we've appeased them."
子玉使斗勃请战,曰:“请与君之士戏,君冯轼而观之,得臣与寓目焉。”晋侯使栾枝对曰:“寡君闻命矣。楚君之惠未之敢忘,是以在此。为大夫退,其敢当君乎?既不获命矣,敢烦大夫谓二三子,戒尔车乘,敬尔君事,诘朝将见。”
Ziyu sent Dou Bo to ask for the battle, saying: "Please play with your nobles, Lord Feng Shi, watch them, and I will see you." The Marquis of Jin sent Luan Zhi to say: "I have heard of your order. I have not dared to forget your favors to the Lord of Chu, so I am here. Do you dare to become the king for the sake of the great man's retreat? If you are not ordered to do so, do you dare to trouble the great man? Call your two or three sons, please tell me how to ride in your car, respect your business, and I will see you in court."
子玉派遣鬬勃向晋国挑战,说:“请和君王的斗士作一次角力游戏,君王靠在车横板上观看,得臣可以陪同君王一起观看了。”晋文公派遣栾枝回答说:“我们国君知道您的意思了。楚君的恩惠,没有敢忘记,所以待在这里。我们以为大夫已经退兵了,臣下难道敢抵挡国君吗?既然大夫不肯退兵,那就烦大夫对贵部将士们说:‘准备好你们的战车,忠于你们的国事,明天早晨将再见面。’”
Ziyu sent Jubo to challenge Jin, saying: "Please have a wrestling game with the king's warriors. The king leans on the crossboard to watch, and the ministers can watch with the king." Duke Wen of Jin sent Luan Zhi to reply: "Our king knows what you mean. The favor of the king of Chu, We don't dare to forget, so we stay here. We thought that the doctor has withdrawn his troops. How dare I resist the king? Since the doctor refuses to withdraw, let the doctor say to your soldiers: 'Prepare your chariots and be loyal to your state affairs. We will meet again tomorrow morning.'"
晋车七百乘,韅(xiǎn,套在牲口腹部(一说背部)的皮带)、靷(yǐn,引车前进的皮带,一端套在车上,一端套在牲口胸前)、鞅(yāng,马拉车时套在马颈上的皮套子)、靽(bàn,驾车时套在牲口后部的皮带)。晋侯登有莘之虚以观师,曰:“少长有礼,其可用也。”遂伐其木以益其兵。鲁巳,晋师陈于莘北,胥臣以下军之佐当陈、蔡。子玉以若敖六卒将中军,曰:“今日必无晋矣。”子西将左,子上将右。胥臣蒙马以虎皮,先犯陈、蔡。陈、蔡奔,楚右师溃。狐毛设二旆而退之。栾枝使舆曳柴而伪遁,楚师驰之。原轸、郤溱以中军公族横击之。狐毛、狐偃以上军夹攻子西,楚左师溃。楚师败绩。子玉收其卒而止,故不败。
There are seven hundred Jin chariots, including 酅 (xiǎn, a leather strap around the belly (some say back) of the animal), 靷 (yǐn, a leather belt that leads the cart forward, one end is put on the car, and the other end is put on the animal's chest), 鞅 (yāng, a leather sheath put on the horse's neck when pulling the cart), and 靽 (bàn, a leather strap put on the rear of the animal when driving). The Marquis of Jin climbed up to Youxinzhixu to observe the master and said, "Young master is polite, so he can be used." Then he cut down his trees to benefit his troops. At the time of Lu Si, the Jin general Chen Yu was in Xinbei, and Xu Chen served as an assistant to Chen and Cai in the following army. Ziyu led the central army with six soldiers from Ruo Ao, and said: "There will be no Jin today." Zixi will be on the left, and Zishang will be on the right. Xu Chen used the tiger skin on his horse and attacked Chen and Cai first. Chen and Cai fled, and Chu's right division was defeated. The fox hair sets up two traps and retreats. Luan Zhi sent his chariot to drag firewood and pretended to escape, while the Chu army rushed towards him. Yuan Zhen and Que Qin attacked him with the help of the central army and the princes. The armies above Hu Mao and Hu Yan attacked Zixi from two sides, and Chu Zuo's division collapsed. The Chu army was defeated. Ziyu collected his soldiers and stopped, so he was undefeated.
晋国战车七百辆,装备齐全。晋文公登上有莘的废城观看军容,说:“年少的和年长的,排列有序,合于礼,可以使用了。”就命令砍伐山上的树木,以增加武器。初二日,晋军在莘北摆开阵势,胥臣让下军分别抵挡陈、蔡军队。子玉用若敖的一百八十乘率领中军,说:“今天一定灭掉晋国了。”子西率领左军,子上率领右军。胥臣把马蒙上老虎皮,先攻陈、蔡两军。陈、蔡两军奔逃,楚军的右翼部队溃散。狐毛派出前军两队击退楚军的溃兵。栾枝让车子拖着木柴假装逃走,楚军追击,原轸、郤溱率领中军的公族拦腰袭击。狐毛、狐偃率领上军夹攻子西,楚国的左翼部队溃散。楚军大败。子玉及时下令收兵,得以不败。
The Jin State has 700 chariots and is fully equipped. Duke Wen of Jin climbed up to the abandoned city of Youxin to look at the army and said: "The young and old are arranged in order and in accordance with etiquette, and they are ready for use." He ordered the trees on the mountain to be cut down to increase the number of weapons. On the second day of the lunar month, the Jin army set up a formation in Xinbei, and Xu Chen asked his troops to resist the Chen and Cai armies respectively. Ziyu led the middle army with Ruo'ao's 180 chariots, saying: "Today we will definitely destroy the Jin Kingdom." Zixi led the left army, and Zishang led the right army. Xu Chen covered his horse with tiger skin and attacked the Chen and Cai armies first. The Chen and Cai armies fled, and the Chu army's right wing collapsed. Hu Mao sent two front troops to repel the Chu army's retreat. Luan Zhi pretended to escape by dragging firewood in his chariot. The Chu army pursued him, but the Dukes of the Chinese army led by Yuan Zhen and Que Qin stopped him and attacked. Hu Mao and Hu Yan led the upper army to attack Zixi, and Chu's left wing troops collapsed. The Chu army was defeated. Ziyu ordered the withdrawal of troops in time and was able to remain undefeated.
晋师三日馆谷,及癸酉而还。甲午,至于衡雍,作王宫于践土。
Jinshi went to Guangu for three days and returned to Guiyou. In the Jiawu period, as for Hengyong, the palace was built on Jiantu.
晋军休整三天,吃楚军留下的粮食,到初六日起程回国。二十七日,到达衡雍,为天子在践土建造了一座王宫。
The Jin army rested for three days, ate the food left by the Chu army, and set off back home on the sixth day of the lunar month. On the 27th, he arrived at Hengyong and built a palace for the emperor in Jiantu.
乡役之三月,郑伯如楚致其师,为楚师既败而惧,使子人九行成于晋。晋栾枝入盟郑伯。五月丙午,晋侯及郑伯盟于衡雍。
In the third month of the rural service, Zheng Boru sent his army to Chu. He was afraid that Chu's army was defeated, so he sent his son Jiuxing to Jin. Jin Luanzhi joined the alliance with Zheng Bo. On Bingwu in the fifth month, the Marquis of Jin and Zheng Bo formed an alliance at Hengyong.
这一战役之前的三个月,郑文公派军队到楚国助战,因为楚军已经失败而害怕了,派遣子人九和晋国讲和。晋国的栾枝进入郑国和郑文公订立盟约。五月初九日,晋文公和郑文公在衡雍结盟。
Three months before this battle, Duke Wen of Zheng sent troops to Chu to assist in the war. He was afraid because the Chu army had been defeated, so he sent his son Jiu to make peace with Jin. Luan Zhi of the Jin State entered the Zheng State and made an alliance with Zheng Wengong. On the ninth day of the fifth lunar month, Duke Wen of Jin and Duke Wen of Zheng formed an alliance in Hengyong.
丁未,献楚俘于王,驷介百乘,徒兵千。郑伯傅王,用平礼也。己酉,王享醴,命晋侯宥。王命尹氏及王子虎、内史叔兴父策命晋侯为侯伯,赐之大辂(lù,大车)之服,戎辂之服,彤弓一,彤矢百,玈(lú,黑色)弓矢千,秬鬯一卣,虎贲三百人。曰:“王谓叔父,敬服王命,以绥四国。纠逖王慝。”晋侯三辞,従命。曰:“重耳敢再拜稽首,奉扬天子之丕显休命。”受策以出,出入三觐。
At the end of Ding Dynasty, he offered the Chu prisoners to the king, with a hundred chariots and thousands of soldiers. Zheng Bo Fu Wang uses Pingli. Jiyou, the king enjoyed the wine, and ordered the Marquis of Jin to forgive him. The king ordered the Yin family, Wang Zihu, and the internal history uncle Xingfu to appoint the Marquis of Jin as Hou Bo, and gave him the uniform of a big chariot (lù, a cart), the uniform of a military chariot, a red bow, a hundred red arrows, a lú (black) bow with a thousand arrows, a 鬬鬯 and a 卣, and three hundred men. He said: "The king calls him uncle, respects the king's orders, and wishes to support the four kingdoms. He will correct Wang Ti." The Marquis of Jin gave his orders in three words. He said: "Chong'er dares to pay homage to Jishou again, in order to honor the Emperor's Pi Xian and give up his life." After receiving the advice, he went out and went in and out of the three imperial palaces.
初十日,把楚国的战俘献给周襄王:驷马披甲的战车一百辆,步兵一千人。郑文公作为相礼,用的是周平王时的礼仪。十二日,周襄王设享礼用甜酒招待晋文公,又允许他向自己回敬酒。周襄王命令尹氏和王子虎、内史叔兴父用策书任命晋文公为诸侯的领袖,赐给他大辂车、戎辂车以及相应的服装仪仗,红色的弓一把、红色的箭一百枝,黑色的弓十把和箭一千枝,黑黍加香草酿造的酒一卣,勇士三百人,说:“天子对叔父说:‘恭敬地服从天子的命令,以安抚四方诸侯,惩治王朝的邪恶。’”晋文公辞谢三次,然后接受命令,说:“重耳谨再拜叩头,接受和宣扬天子的重大赏赐和命令。”接受了策书就离开成周。从进入成周到离开,三次朝见周王。
On the tenth day of the lunar month, the prisoners of war from Chu were presented to King Xiang of Zhou: a hundred armored chariots and a thousand infantry. Zheng Wengong used the etiquette of King Ping of Zhou as a prime minister. On the twelfth day, King Zhou Xiang entertained Duke Wen of Jin with sweet wine and allowed him to toast him in return. King Zhou Xiang ordered the Yin family, Wang Zihu, and Neishi Shuxingfu to appoint Duke Wen of Jin as the leader of the princes with a policy letter, and gave him a large chariot, a military chariot, and corresponding clothing and honors, a red bow, a hundred red arrows, ten black bows and a thousand arrows, a bottle of wine brewed from black millet and vanilla, and three hundred warriors. The man said: "The emperor said to his uncle: 'Respectfully obey the emperor's orders to appease the princes from all directions and punish the evil in the dynasty.'" Jin Wengong thanked him three times, and then accepted the order, saying: "Chong'er would like to kowtow again and accept and publicize the emperor's major rewards and orders." After accepting the policy letter, he left Chengzhou. From entering Zhou Dynasty to leaving Zhou Dynasty, he met the king of Zhou three times.
卫侯闻楚师败,惧,出奔楚,遂适陈,使元咺(xuān)奉叔武以受盟。癸亥,王子虎盟诸侯于王庭,要言曰:“皆奖王室,无相害也。有渝此盟,明神殛之,俾队其师,无克祚国,及而玄孙,无有老幼。”君子谓是盟也信,谓晋于是役也能以德攻。
When the Marquis of Wei heard that the Chu army had been defeated, he was frightened and ran to Chu. Then he sent Chen Yuan (xuān) to join Shuwu in order to accept the alliance. In Guihai, Prince Hu made an alliance with the princes in the royal court, and said: "We all reward the royal family, and there is no harm to each other. If there is an alliance between Chongqing and the Ming Dynasty, the gods will kill them, and they will form their own troops. They will not be able to defeat Zuo's country, and there will be no great-great-grandsons, old or young." The gentleman believes in this alliance and believes that Jin can attack with virtue when he joins the army.
卫成公听说楚军失败,害怕,逃亡到楚国,又到了陈国,派遣元咺奉事叔武去接受盟约。二十六日,王子虎和诸侯在天子的庭院里盟誓,约定说:“全部辅助王室,不要互相伤害!谁要违背盟约,就要受到神的诛杀,使他军队颠覆,不能享有国家,直到你的玄孙,不论老小。”君子认为这次结盟是守信用的,认为晋国在这次战役中能够用道德来进攻。
When Duke Cheng of Wei heard that the Chu army had failed, he was frightened and fled to the state of Chu. Then he went to the state of Chen and sent Yuan Yao to serve Shu Wu to accept the alliance. On the 26th, Prince Hu and the princes made an oath in the emperor's courtyard, and agreed: "All of us will support the royal family and do not harm each other! Whoever violates the covenant will be punished by the gods, and his army will be overthrown, and he will not be able to enjoy the country until your great-great-grandson, old or young." The gentleman believed that this alliance was true to his word, and believed that Jin could attack with morality in this battle.
初,楚子玉自为琼弁玉缨,未之服也。先战,梦河神谓己曰:“畀余,余赐女孟诸之麋。”弗致也。大心与子西使荣黄谏,弗听。荣季曰:“死而利国。犹或为之,况琼玉乎?是粪土也,而可以济师,将何爱焉?”弗听。出,告二子曰:“非神败令尹,令尹其不勤民,实自败也。”既败,王使谓之曰:“大夫若入,其若申、息之老何?”子西、孙伯曰:“得臣将死,二臣止之曰:‘君其将以为戮。’”及连谷而死。
At the beginning, Chu Ziyu was a Qiong Bian Yuying, but he was not convinced. Before the battle, Menghe God said to me: "Give it to me, and I will give you my daughter Meng Zhu's moose." It's not true. Daxin and Zixi sent Ronghuang to give advice, but they didn't listen. Rong Ji said: "Death will benefit the country. If you can do it, how about Qiongyu? It is dung and soil, but it can help the teacher. How can you love it?" He didn't listen. When he came out, he told his second son: "It was not God who defeated your commander, but he did not work hard for the people, so he actually defeated himself." After defeat, the king's envoy said to him: "If the official comes in, how can he be like a minister?" Zixi and Sun Bo said: "The minister is about to die, and the second minister stopped him and said: 'Your Majesty, you will kill me.'" and Lian Gu died.
当初,楚国的子玉自己制作了镶玉的马冠马鞅,还没有使用。作战之前,梦见黄河河神对他说:“送给我,我赐给你孟诸的水草地。”子玉没有送去。他儿子大心和子西派荣黄劝谏,子玉不听。荣黄说:“死而有利于国家,尚且还要去做,何况是美玉呢?和国家比起来这不过是粪土罢了。如果可以使军队成功,有什么可惜的?”子玉仍然不肯。荣黄出来告诉两个人说:“不是神明让令尹失败,令尹不以百姓的事情为重,实在是自取失败啊。”子玉失败之后,楚成王派使臣对子玉说:“申、息的子弟大多伤亡了,大夫如果回来,怎么向申、息两地的父老交代呢?”子西、大心对使臣说:“子玉本来要自杀的,我们两个阻拦他说:‘不要自杀,国君还准备杀你呢。’”到达连穀,子玉就自杀了。
At the beginning, Ziyu of Chu State made the horse crown horse martingale inlaid with jade, but it was not used yet. Before the battle, he dreamed that the God of the Yellow River said to him: "Give it to me, and I will give you Mengzhu's water and grassland." Ziyu did not send it. His sons Daxin and Zixi sent Ronghuang to advise him, but Ziyu refused to listen. Ronghuang said: "If death is beneficial to the country, we still have to do it, let alone beautiful jade? Compared with the country, it is just dung. If the army can succeed, what's the regret?" Ziyu still refused. Ronghuang came out and told the two men: "It was not the gods who caused Ling Yin to fail. Ling Yin did not take the people's affairs first, and he really failed himself." After Ziyu's failure, King Chu Cheng sent an envoy to Ziyu and said: "Most of Shen and Xi's disciples were killed or injured, and the doctor is like When Guo comes back, how will he explain it to the elders in Shen and Xi?" Zixi and Daxin said to the envoys, "Ziyu was about to commit suicide, but we two stopped him and said, 'Don't commit suicide, the king is still planning to kill you. '" When they arrived in Liangu, Ziyu committed suicide.
晋侯闻之而后喜可知也,曰:“莫余毒也已!蒍吕臣实为令尹,奉己而已,不在民矣。”
When the Marquis of Jin heard about it, he was obviously overjoyed and said, "No more poison is left! Lu Chen is actually a commanding officer. He only serves himself and is no longer with the people."
晋文公听说子玉自杀的消息以后,喜形于色,说:“没有人再来为害于我了。蒍吕臣做令尹,不过是维护自己罢了,并不是为了百姓。”
After Duke Wen of Jin heard the news of Ziyu's suicide, he was overjoyed and said: "No one will come to harm me again. The reason why Lu Chen is appointed as the commander is just to protect himself, not for the people."
或诉元咺于卫侯曰:“立叔武矣。”其子角従公,公使杀之。咺不废命,奉夷叔以入守。
Or he complained to the Marquis of Wei about Yuan Yu, saying: "I have established my uncle Wu." His son fell in love with Duke Xi, and the Duke's envoy killed him. If you don't give up your life, you will be sent to guard by Uncle Yi.
有人在卫成公面前毁谤元咺说:“他已立了叔武做国君了。”元咺的儿子角跟随卫成公,卫成公派人杀了他。元咺并没有因此而废弃卫成公的命令,还是奉事叔武回国摄政。
Someone slandered Yuan Yao in front of Duke Cheng of Wei, saying: "He has appointed Shu Wu as king." Yuan Yao's son Jiao followed Duke Cheng of Wei, and Duke Cheng of Wei sent someone to kill him. Yuan Yao did not abandon Wei Chenggong's order because of this, but still served Shu Wu and returned to his country as regent.
六月,晋人复卫侯。宁武子与卫人盟于宛濮,曰:“天祸卫国,君君臣不协,以及此忧也。今天诱其衷,使皆降心以相従也。不有居者,谁守社稷?不有行者,谁扞牧圉?不协之故,用昭乞盟于尔大神以诱天衷。自今日以往,既盟之后,行者无保其力,居者无惧其罪。有渝此盟,以相及也。明神先君,是纠是殛。”国人闻此盟也,而后不贰。
In June, the Jin people returned to Weihou. Ning Wuzi made an alliance with the defenders in Wanpu, saying: "It is a disaster to defend the country, and the rulers and ministers are not in harmony, and this is the worry. Today, I have tempted them, so that they all surrender their hearts and join each other. If there are no residents, who will guard the country? If there are no travelers, who will defend the herds? Because of the lack of coordination, Use the alliance to seduce the will of heaven. From now on, after the alliance is established, no one will be afraid of his own sins. If you have this alliance, you will be corrected and killed."
六月,晋国人听任卫侯回国。甯武子和卫国官吏、大族等在宛濮结盟,说:“上天降祸卫国,君臣不和谐,所以才遭到这样的忧患。现在天意保佑我国,让大家放弃成见而互相听从。没有留下的人,谁来守卫国家?没有跟随君王的人,谁去保卫那些牧牛养马的人?由于不和协,因此乞求在大神面前明白宣誓,以求天意保佑。从今天订立盟约之后,在外的人不要仗恃自己的功劳,留下的人不要害怕有罪。谁要违背盟约,祸害就降临到他头上。神明和先君在上,加以惩罚诛杀。”国内的人们知道了这盟约,才没有二心。
In June, the people of Jin allowed Marquis Wei to return to the country. Ning Wuzi formed an alliance with the officials and noble families of the Wei State in Wanpu, saying: "God has brought disaster to the Wei State, and the monarch and his ministers are not in harmony, so we are suffering from such troubles. Now God will bless our country, and let everyone give up their prejudices and obey each other. Who will defend the country if there are no people left? Who will protect the people who herd cattle and horses if there are no people who follow the king? Because of the lack of harmony and harmony , so I beg to make a clear oath in front of the great god for God's blessing. From now on, those who are outside should not rely on their own merits, and those who remain behind should not be afraid of being guilty. The gods and the ancestors will punish them and kill them." When the people in the country know about this covenant, they will not have any second thoughts.
卫侯先期入,宁子先,长佯守门以为使也,与之乘而入。公子歂(chuán)犬、华仲前驱。叔孙将沐,闻君至,喜,捉发走出,前驱射而杀之。公知其无罪也,枕之股而哭之。颛犬走出,公使杀之。元咺出奔晋。
Marquis Wei entered first, and Ning Zi preceded him. He pretended to be guarding the gate as an envoy, and took advantage of him. Gongzi chuán (chuán) dog, the pioneer of Huazhong. General Mu, his uncle and grandson, was overjoyed when he heard that the king was coming. He grabbed his hair and went out. He shot and killed him. It was known to everyone that he was not guilty, and he cried while resting his head on his buttocks. Zhuan dog came out and the envoy killed him. Yuan Yao fled to Jin Dynasty.
卫成公比约定的日期先进入卫国,甯武子在卫成公之前,长牂把守城门,以为他是国君的使者,和他同乘一辆车进入。公子歂犬、华仲作为前驱,叔武正要洗发,听说国君来到,很高兴,用手抓着头发跑出来,前驱却把他射死了。卫成公知道他没有罪,把头枕在尸体的大腿上而哭他。歂犬逃跑,卫成公派人把他杀死了。元咺逃亡到晋国。
Duke Cheng of Wei entered the Kingdom of Wei before the appointed date. Before Duke Cheng of Wei, Ning Wuzi guarded the city gate with Chang Zang, thinking that he was the envoy of the monarch, so he entered in the same carriage as him. Young Master Xian Quan and Hua Zhong were the vanguard. Shuwu was about to wash his hair when he heard that the monarch had arrived. He was very happy and grabbed his hair with his hands and ran out, but the vanguard shot him to death. Knowing that he was not guilty, Duke Cheng of Wei put his head on the corpse's thigh and cried for him. The dog escaped and Wei Chenggong sent someone to kill him. Yuan Yao fled to Jin.
城濮之战,晋中军风于泽,亡大旆(pèi)之左旃(zhān)。祁瞒奸命,司马杀之,以徇于诸侯,使茅伐代之。师还。壬午,济河。舟之侨先归,士会摄右。秋七月丙申,振旅,恺以入于晋。献俘授馘(guó),饮至大赏,征会讨贰。杀舟之侨以徇于国,民于是大服。
In the battle of Chengpu, the army of central Jin Dynasty was in Zeze, and Zuo Zhan of Da Zhan was killed. Qi concealed his treacherous orders, and Sima killed him, favoring the princes, and sent Mao to attack him instead. The teacher returns. Renwu, Jihe. The overseas Chinese in the boat will return first, and the scholars will take pictures on the right. In the seventh month of Autumn, Bingshen, Zhenlu, and Kai entered the Jin Dynasty. Offer prisoners and give them food (guó), drink them to a great reward, and conscript them into battle. Killing the overseas Chinese in the boat showed favor to the country, and the people were greatly subdued.
在城濮的战役中,晋军的中军在沼泽地遇到大风,丢掉了前军左边的大旗。祁瞒犯了军令,司马把他杀了,并通报诸侯,派茅茷代替他。军队回来,六月十六日,渡过黄河,舟之侨擅自先行回国,士会代理车右。秋季,七月某一天,胜利归来,高唱凯歌进入晋国,在太庙报告俘获和杀死敌人的数字,饮酒犒赏,召集诸侯会盟和攻打有二心的国家。杀舟之侨并通报全国,百姓因此而大为顺服。
During the battle of Chengpu, the Jin army's central army encountered strong winds in the swamp and lost the banner on the left side of the front army. Qi Gao violated the military order, so Sima killed him and notified the princes to send Mao Qi to replace him. The army came back and crossed the Yellow River on June 16. The overseas Chinese in the boat went back to the country first without permission, and the scholars would act as agents on the right side of the car. In autumn, one day in July, after returning from victory, he entered the Jin Kingdom singing a triumphal song. He reported the number of captured and killed enemies in the Imperial Ancestral Temple, drank wine and rewarded him, summoned the princes to make alliances and attacked the countries with two minds. The people killed the foreigners in the boat and reported it to the whole country, and the people became very obedient.
君子谓:“文公其能刑矣,三罪而民服。《诗》云:‘惠此中国,以绥四方。’不失赏刑之谓也。”
The gentleman said: "Gong Wen is able to punish, and the people will serve the three crimes. "Poetry" says: 'Benefit this China, and use it to appease the four directions.' It does not lose the meaning of reward and punishment."
君子认为:“晋文公能够严明刑罚,杀了颠颉、祁瞒、舟之侨三个罪人而百姓顺服。《诗》说:‘施惠于中原国家,安定四方的诸侯’,说的就是没有失去公正的赏赐和刑罚。”
The gentleman believes: "Jin Wen Gong was able to impose strict punishments and killed three criminals, Dianjie, Qi Hao, and Zhou Zhiqiao, and the people obeyed. The "Poetry" said: 'Benefit the country of the Central Plains and stabilize the princes in the four directions,' which means that rewards and punishments have not lost justice."
冬,会于温,讨不服也。
In winter, it will be warmer, but it will be dissatisfied.
冬季,僖公和晋文公、齐昭公、宋成公、蔡庄公、郑文公、陈子、莒子、邾子、秦同人在温地会见,商量出兵攻打不顺服的国家。
In winter, Duke Xi of Jin, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Zhao of Qi, Duke Cheng of Song, Duke Cai Zhuang, Duke Wen of Zheng, Chen Zi, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, and Qin Tong met in Wendi to discuss sending troops to attack the disobedient countries.
卫侯与元咺讼,宁武子为辅,鍼庄子为坐,士荣为大士。卫侯不胜。杀士荣,刖鍼庄子,谓宁俞忠而免之。执卫侯,归之于京师,置诸深室。宁子职纳橐(tuó)饘(zhān)焉。元咺归于卫,立公子瑕。
When the Marquis of Wei was suing Yuan Yu, Ning Wuzi was the assistant, Zhenzhuangzi was the seat, and Shirong was the chief minister. The Marquis of Wei was defeated. Killing Shi Rong and cutting off the needles of Zhuangzi, it is said that Yu Zhong would rather be spared. The guard lords were returned to the capital and placed in deep chambers. Ningzi's job is to accept tuó and zhān. Yuan Yao returned to the Wei Dynasty and was established as Gongzi Xia.
卫成公和元咺争讼,甯武子作为卫成公的诉讼人,鍼庄子作为卫成公的代理人,士荣作为卫成公的答辩人。卫成公没有胜诉。作为诸侯领袖的晋国杀了士荣,砍了鍼庄子的脚,认为甯武子忠诚而赦免了他。逮捕卫成公,把他送到京师,关在牢房里。甯武子负责给卫成公送衣食。元咺回到卫国,立公子瑕为国君。
There was a dispute between Duke Chenggong of Wei and Yuan Yao. Ning Wuzi was the litigant of Duke Cheng of Wei, Zhen Zhuangzi was the agent of Duke Cheng of Wei, and Shirong was the respondent of Duke Cheng of Wei. Wei Chenggong did not win the case. As the leader of the princes, the state of Jin killed Shi Rong and chopped off Zhen Zhuangzi's feet. He thought Ning Wuzi was loyal and pardoned him. He arrested Wei Chenggong, sent him to the capital, and locked him in a cell. Ning Wuzi was responsible for delivering food and clothing to Wei Chenggong. Yuan Yao returned to Weiguo and made Gongzi Xia the king of the country.
是会也,晋侯召王,以诸侯见,且使王狩。仲尼曰:“以臣召君,不可以训。”故书曰:“天王狩于河阳。”言非其地也,且明德也。
At the meeting, the marquis of Jin summoned the king, met with the princes, and ordered the king to hunt. Zhongni said: "It is not possible to train the king when he is summoned by his ministers." The old book says: "The king of heaven hunts in Heyang." The words are not his own, and they are also virtuous.
这次温地的会盟,晋文公召请周襄王前来,并且带领诸侯朝见他,又让周襄王打猎。孔子说:“以臣下而召请君主,是不能作为榜样的。”所以《春秋》记载说“天王狩于河阳”,天下本都是周王朝的地方,而这里却不是周襄王的地方了,而且是为了表明晋国的功德而避讳的说法。
During this alliance meeting in Wendi, Duke Wen of Jin summoned King Zhou Xiang to come, and led the princes to meet him, and also asked King Zhou Xiang to hunt. Confucius said: "Summoning a monarch with his subordinates cannot be used as an example." Therefore, "Spring and Autumn" records that "the king of heaven hunted in Heyang." The whole world is the place of the Zhou Dynasty, but this is not the place of King Zhou Xiang, and it is a taboo statement to show the merits of the Jin state.
壬申,公朝于王所。
Renshen, the official dynasty was in the royal residence.
十月初七日,僖公到周襄王的住处朝觐。
On the seventh day of the tenth month, Duke Xi went to the residence of King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty for a pilgrimage.
丁丑,诸侯围许。
Ding Chou, the princes surrounded Xu.
十一月十二日,诸侯包围许国。
On November 12, the princes surrounded Xu State.
晋侯有疾,曹伯之竖侯孺货筮史,使曰:“以曹为解。齐桓公为会而封异姓,今君为会而灭同姓。曹叔振铎,文之昭也。先君唐叔,武之穆也。且合诸侯而灭兄弟,非礼也。与卫偕命,而不与偕复,非信也。同罪异罚,非刑也。礼以行义,信以守礼,刑以正邪,舍此三者,君将若之何?”公说,复曹伯,遂会诸侯于许。
The Marquis of Jin was ill, and Cao Bo ordered the Marquis Ruhuo's History and said: "Let Cao be the solution. Duke Huan of Qi gave different surnames for the meeting, and now the king has destroyed the same surname for the meeting. Uncle Cao Zhenduo, Wen Zhizhao Ye. The previous emperor Tang Shu, Wu Zhimu Ye. Let's unite the princes and destroy the brother. Brother, it is not a courtesy. It is not a matter of faith to live with the guards and not to return to the family. The same crime has different punishments, and it is not a punishment. Rites are used to observe etiquette, and punishments are used to uphold justice. What will you do if you abandon these three?
晋文公有重病,曹共公的侍从侯獳贿赂晋文公的筮史,让他把得病的原因说成是由于灭了曹国。他就对晋文公说:“齐桓公主持会盟而封异姓的国家,现在君王主持会盟而灭同姓的国家。曹国的叔振铎,是文王的儿子;先君唐叔,是武王的儿子。而且会合诸侯而灭掉兄弟之国,这是不符合礼仪的;曹国和卫国一样得到君王的诺言,但是不能一同复国,这是不讲信用的;罪过相同而惩罚不同,这是不符合刑律的。礼仪用来推动道义,信用用来保护礼仪,刑律用来纠正邪恶。丢开了这三项,君王准备怎么办?”晋文公很高兴,恢复了曹共公的君位,曹共公就在许国和诸侯会盟。
Duke Wen of Jin was seriously ill. Hou You, an attendant of Duke Cao, bribed Duke Wen of Jin's Zhi Shi to tell him that the cause of his illness was the destruction of Cao's country. He said to Duke Wen of Jin: "Gong Huan of Qi presided over an alliance and granted countries with different surnames. Now the king presides over an alliance and destroys countries with the same surname. Cao State's Shu Zhenduo is the son of King Wen; the previous king Tang Shu is the son of King Wu. Moreover, it is not in line with etiquette to join the princes and destroy the kingdoms of brothers; Cao State and Wei State have the same promise from the king, but It is not trustworthy to restore the country together; it is not consistent with the criminal law for the same crime. The etiquette is used to promote morality, the credit is used to protect the etiquette, and the criminal law is used to correct evil. What will the king do? " Jin Wengong was very happy and restored Cao Gonggong to the throne. Cao Gonggong made an alliance with the princes.
晋侯作三行以御狄,荀林父将中行,屠击将右行,先蔑将左行。
The Marquis of Jin made three lines to guard Di. General Xun Lin's father went in the middle, General Tushou went to the right, and General Xian Miao went to the left.
晋文公建立三个步兵师来抵抗狄人,荀林父将领中行,屠击将领右行,先蔑将领左行。
Duke Wen of Jin established three infantry divisions to resist the Di people. General Xun Lin's father marched in the middle, he slaughtered the generals on the right and defied the generals on the left.
