【经】
十有五年春，季孙行父如晋。三月，宋司马华孙来盟。夏，曹伯来朝。齐人归公孙敖之丧。六月辛丑朔，日有食之。鼓、用牲于社。单伯至自齐。晋郤缺帅师伐蔡。戊申，入蔡。齐人侵我西鄙。季孙行父如晋。冬十有一月，诸侯盟于扈。十有二月，齐人来归子叔姬。齐侯侵我西鄙，遂伐曹入期郛。
In the spring of the fifth year of the tenth year, Ji Sunxing's father was like Jin. In March, Sima Huasun of the Song Dynasty came to make an alliance. In the summer, Cao Bo came to court. The people of Qi returned to the funeral of Gongsun Ao. In the Xin Chou month of June, there will be an eclipse on the sun. Drums and animals are used in the community. From Shan Bo to Zi Qi. Jin was short of commanders to attack Cai. Wushen entered Cai. The people of Qi invaded my country. Ji Sunxing's father is like Jin. On the tenth day of winter and the first month of the year, the princes allied themselves with Hu. In the second month of the tenth month, the Qi people came to return home to Zishuji. The Marquis of Qi invaded Xibi, and then attacked Cao and entered Qiyun.
【传】
【Biography】
十五年春，季文子如晋，为单伯与子叔姬故也。
In the spring of the fifteenth year, Ji Wenzi came to the Jin Dynasty and was the deceased of Shan Bo and Zishu Ji.
十五年春季，季文子去晋国，为了单伯和子叔姬的缘故。
In the spring of the fifteenth year, Ji Wenzi went to Jin State for the sake of Uncle Shan and Zishu Ji.
三月，宋华耦来盟，其官皆従之。书曰“宋司马华孙”，贵之也。公与之宴，辞曰：“君之先臣督，得罪于宋殇公，名在诸侯之策。臣承其祀，其敢辱君，请承命于亚旅。”鲁人以为敏。
In March, the Hua couple from Song Dynasty came to form an alliance, and all their officials joined them. The book says "Sima Huasun of Song Dynasty", which is noble. The duke held a banquet with him, and said in a speech: "The king's former minister and governor offended Duke Shang of Song Dynasty, and his name is in the policy of the princes. I accept his sacrifice, and if he dares to humiliate the king, please accept the order from Yalu." The people of Lu thought it was sensitive.
三月，宋国的华耦前来会盟，他的部属都跟随前来。《春秋》称他为“宋司马华孙”，这是表示尊重他。鲁文公要和他同席宴会。华耦婉辞谢绝说：“君王的先臣督得罪了宋殇公，名字记载在诸侯的简册上。下臣承继他的祭祀，怎么敢使君王蒙受耻辱？请在亚旅那里接受命令。”鲁国人认为华耦措辞得体。
In March, the Hua couple from the Song Dynasty came to join the alliance, and all his subordinates followed. "Spring and Autumn" calls him "Sima Huasun of Song Dynasty", which shows respect for him. Duke Wen of Lu wanted to have a banquet with him. Hua Couple politely declined and said: "The king's former minister offended Duke Shang of Song Dynasty, and his name is recorded in the scrolls of the princes. How dare I bring shame to the king by inheriting his sacrifice? Please accept the order from Yalu." The people of Lu thought that Hua Couple's words were appropriate.
夏，曹伯来朝，礼也。诸侯五年再相朝，以修王命，古之制也。
In the Xia Dynasty, Cao Bo came to court, which was also a ceremony. The princes will come to court again after five years to repair the king's order, which is the ancient system.
夏季，曹文公前来朝见，这合于礼。诸侯每五年再一次互相朝见，以重温天子的命令，这是古代的制度。
In the summer, Duke Wen of Cao came to see him, which was in line with etiquette. The princes met with each other every five years to review the emperor's orders. This was an ancient system.
齐人或为孟氏谋，曰：“鲁，尔亲也。饰棺置诸堂阜，鲁必取之。”従之。卞人以告。惠叔犹毁以为请。立于朝以待命。许之，取而殡之。齐人送之。书曰：“齐人归公孙敖之丧。”为孟氏，且国故也。葬视共仲。声己不视，帷堂而哭。襄仲欲勿哭，惠伯曰：“丧，亲之终也。虽不能始，善终可也。史佚有言曰：‘兄弟致美。’救乏、贺善、吊灾、祭敬、丧哀，情虽不同，毋绝其爱，亲之道也。子无失道，何怨于人？”襄仲说，帅兄弟以哭之。
The people of Qi might be plotting for the Meng family, saying: "Lu, you are a relative. Decorate the coffin and place it in various halls. Lu will definitely take it." Bian people reported it. Uncle Hui still thought he was asking for help. Stand in court and stand ready for orders. Promise it, take it and bury it. Qi people sent it as a gift. The book says: "The people of Qi returned to the funeral of Gongsun Ao." He was the Meng family, and he was the ancestor of the country. Funeral and funeral. He ignored his voice and cried behind the curtain in the hall. Xiang Zhong wanted not to cry, but Hui Bo said: "Mourning is the end of a relationship. Although it cannot begin, it can end well. There is a saying in the history of Yi: 'Brothers bring beauty.' Although the emotions are different, such as rescuing the poor, congratulating others, expressing condolences, offering sacrifices, and mourning, the love should not be cut off. It is the way of closeness. The son has not lost his way, so why should he blame others?" Xiang Zhong said, Handsome brothers cry.
齐国有人为孟氏策划，说：“鲁国，是你的亲戚，把公孙敖的饰棺放在堂阜，鲁国必定会取去的。”孟氏听从了。卞邑大夫把这件事作了报告。惠叔仍然很悲哀，容颜消瘦，请求取回饰棺，立在朝廷上以等待命令。鲁国答应了这项请求，于是取回了饰棺停放。齐国人也来送丧，《春秋》记载说：“齐人归公孙敖之丧”，这是为了孟氏，同时又为了国家的缘故。依照安葬共仲的葬礼安葬了公孙敖。声己不肯去看棺材，在帷堂里哭泣。襄仲不想去哭丧，惠伯说：“办丧事，是对待亲人的最后大事。虽不能有一个好的开始，有一个好的终结是可以的。史佚有这样的话，说：‘兄弟之间各自尽力做到完美。救济困乏，祝贺喜庆，吊唁灾祸，祭祀恭敬，丧事悲哀，感情虽然不一样，不要断绝他们之间的友爱，这就是对待亲人的道义。’您自己只要不丧失道义，怨恨别人干什么呢？”襄仲听了很高兴，带领了兄弟们前去哭丧。
Someone from the state of Qi planned for Meng and said, "The state of Lu is your relative and has placed Gongsun Ao's decorated coffin in Tangfu. The state of Lu will definitely take it away." Meng obeyed. Dr. Bian Yi reported the matter. Uncle Hui was still very sad and with a thin face. He asked for the coffin to be taken back and set it up in the court to await orders. The state of Lu agreed to this request and took back the decorated coffin for storage. People from Qi also came to mourn. "Spring and Autumn" records: "Qi people returned to mourn Gongsun Ao." This was for the sake of the Meng family and the country. Gongsun Ao was buried according to the funeral ceremony of Gongzhong. Shengji refused to see the coffin and cried in the curtain hall. Xiangzhong didn't want to go to the funeral. Hui Bo said: "A funeral is the last important thing to treat a loved one. Although it cannot have a good beginning, it is okay to have a good ending." Shi Yi has this to say, "Brothers try their best to be perfect. Relieve the poor, congratulate the happy, and express condolences." To mourn disasters, to offer sacrifices respectfully, and to mourn funerals, although the feelings are different, don't cut off the friendship between them, this is the morality of treating relatives. 'As long as you don't lose your morality, why do you resent others?" Xiang Zhong was very happy after hearing this, and led his brothers to mourn.
他年，其二子来，孟献子爱之，闻于国。或谮之曰：“将杀子。”献子以告季文子。二子曰：“夫子以爱我闻，我以将杀子闻，不亦远于礼乎？远礼不如死。”一人门于句鼆（gōu měng鲁邑名），一人门于戾丘，皆死。
In the same year, his second son came. Meng Xianzi loved him and heard about him in the country. Or he said: "You are about to kill your son." He offered his son to tell Ji Wenzi. The second son said: "Master, I heard that you loved me, and I heard that you were going to kill your son. Isn't that far from etiquette? It is better to die than to be far away from etiquette." One of them was born in Gou Men (gōu měng Lu Yi name), and the other was born in Liqiu. They both died.
后来，穆伯的两个儿子回来，孟献子喜爱他们，闻名于全国。有人诬陷他们，对孟献子说：“这两个人准备杀死你。”孟献子把这话告诉季文子。这两个人说：“他老人家因为爱我们，全国都知道，我们以准备杀死他而臭名在外，这不是远离于礼了吗？远离于礼还不如死。”后来，两兄弟一人在句鼆守门，一人在戾丘守门，都战死了。
Later, when Mu Bo's two sons came back, Meng Xianzi loved them and became famous throughout the country. Someone framed them and said to Meng Xianzi: "These two people are going to kill you." Meng Xianzi told Ji Wenzi this. The two men said: "Because he loves us, the whole country knows that we are notorious for preparing to kill him. Isn't this far away from Yuli? It is better to die than to stay away from Yuli." Later, one of the two brothers guarded the gate in Jumo, and the other guarded the gate in Liqiu, and they both died in the battle.
六月辛丑朔，日有食之，鼓、用牲于社，非礼也。日有食之，天子不举，伐鼓于社，诸侯用币于社，伐鼓于朝，以昭事神、训民、事君，示有等威。古之道也。
In the Xin Chou lunar month of June, if there is food on the day, it is not polite to use drums or use animals in the community. When there is an eclipse in the day, the emperor does not raise it, but beats the drums in the community. The princes use coins in the community, and beat the drums in the court to show their power to serve the gods, train the people, and serve the emperor. The ancient way.
六月初一日，发生日食。击鼓，用牺牲在土地神庙里祭祀，这是合于礼的。发生日食，天子减膳撤乐，在土地神庙里击鼓。诸侯用玉帛在土地神庙里祭祀，在朝廷上击鼓，以表明事奉神灵、教训百姓、事奉国君。表示威仪有等级，这是古代的制度。
On the first day of June, a solar eclipse occurred. It is proper to beat drums and offer sacrifices in the temple of the earth. When a solar eclipse occurred, the emperor cut back on food and music, and played drums in the temple of the earth. The princes used jade and silk to offer sacrifices in the land temple and beat drums in the court to show that they served the gods, taught the people, and served the king. It means that there are levels of dignity, which is an ancient system.
齐人许单伯请而赦之，使来致命。书曰：“单伯至自齐。”贵之也。
Xu Shanbo from Qi asked to pardon him, but he was fatally wounded. The book says: "Uncle Shan comes to Ziqi." This is noble.
齐国人允许了单伯要子叔姬回国的请求而赦免了他，派遣他来鲁国传达命令。《春秋》记载说“单伯至自齐”，这是表示尊重他。
The people of Qi granted Shan Bo's request to return Zishu Ji and pardoned him, and sent him to Lu to convey orders. "Spring and Autumn" records that "Shan Bo came to Zi Qi", which shows respect for him.
新城之盟，蔡人不与。晋郤缺以上军、下军伐蔡，曰：“君弱，不可以怠。”戊申，入蔡，以城下之盟而还。凡胜国，曰灭之；获大城焉，曰入之。
The Cai people did not agree with the Xincheng alliance. Jin, however, lacked the upper and lower armies to attack Cai, and said: "The king is weak and cannot be lazy." Wu Shen entered Cai and returned with the alliance under the city. If a country is victorious, it is said to be destroyed; if a big city is captured, it is said to be invaded.
在新城的盟会，蔡国人不参加。晋国的郤缺率领上军、下军攻打蔡国，说：“国君年少，不能因此懈怠。”六月初八日，进入蔡国，订立了城下之盟，然后回国。凡是战胜别的国家，叫做“灭之”；得到大城，叫做“入之”。
Cai Guoren did not attend the alliance meeting in Xincheng. Queque of the Jin State led the upper and lower armies to attack the State of Cai, saying: "The king is young and cannot slack off." On the eighth day of June, he entered the State of Cai, made an alliance under the city, and then returned home. Any victory over another country is called "destroying it"; winning a big city is called "conquering it".
秋，齐人侵我西鄙，故季文子告于晋。
In the autumn, the Qi people invaded our Xibi, so Ji Wenzi sued the Jin.
秋季，齐军侵犯我国西部边境，所以季文子向晋国报告。
In autumn, the Qi army invaded our country's western border, so Ji Wenzi reported to Jin.
冬十一月，晋侯、宋公、卫侯、蔡侯、郑伯、许男、曹伯盟于扈，寻新城之盟，且谋伐齐也。齐人赂晋侯，故不克而还。于是有齐难，是以公不会。书曰：“诸侯盟于扈。”无能为故也。凡诸侯会，公不与，不书，讳君恶也。与而不书，后也。
In the eleventh month of winter, the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Marquis of Cai, Zheng Bo, Xu Nan, and Cao Bo allied themselves with the Hu, looking for allies in the new city and planning to attack Qi. The people of Qi bribed the marquis of Jin, so they failed to conquer and returned. So there is a problem, so the public will not do it. The book says: "The princes allied themselves with the Hu." It was because of inability to do anything. Whenever the feudal lords meet, the prince refuses to respond and does not write a letter, which is to say that the prince is evil. With it but without writing, it is the last word.
冬季，十一月，晋灵公、宋昭公、卫成公、蔡庄侯、陈灵公、郑穆公、许昭公、曹文公在扈地结盟，重温新城盟会的友好，同时策划攻打齐国。齐国人给晋灵公馈送财礼，所以没有战胜就回来了。在这时候发生了齐国进攻我国的灾难，所以文公没有参加盟会。《春秋》记载说“诸侯盟于扈”，这是由于没有救援我国的缘故。凡是诸侯会见，鲁公不参加，《春秋》就不加记载，这是由于隐讳国君的过失。参加了而不记载，这是由于迟到。
In winter, in November, Jin Linggong, Song Zhaogong, Wei Chenggong, Cai Zhuanghou, Chen Linggong, Zheng Mugong, Xu Zhaogong, and Cao Wengong formed an alliance in Hudi to review the friendship between the Xincheng Alliance and at the same time plan to attack Qi. The people of Qi gave financial gifts to Duke Linggong of Jin, so he came back without victory. At this time, the disaster of Qi State's attack on our country occurred, so Wen Gong did not attend the alliance meeting. "Spring and Autumn" records that "the princes allied themselves with the Hu", which was because they did not rescue our country. Whenever the princes met and Duke Lu did not attend, the "Spring and Autumn Annals" would not record it. This was because the fault of the monarch was concealed. Participation without recording is due to lateness.
齐人来归子叔姬，王故也。
The people of Qi come back to their uncle and concubine, so the king is here.
齐国人前来送回子叔姬，这是由于天子有命令的缘故。
The people of Qi came to send Zishuji back because the emperor had an order.
齐侯侵我西鄙，谓诸侯不能也。遂伐曹，入其郛，讨其来朝也。季文子曰：“齐侯其不免乎。己则无礼，而讨于有礼者，曰：‘女何故行礼！’礼以顺天，天之道也，己则反天，而又以讨人，难以免矣。诗曰：‘胡不相畏，不畏于天？’君子之不虐幼贱，畏于天也。在周颂曰：‘畏天之威，于时保之。’不畏于天，将何能保？以乱取国，奉礼以守，犹惧不终，多行无礼，弗能在矣！”
The princes of Qi invaded my country in the west, saying that the princes could not do it. Then he attacked Cao Cao, entered his territory, and asked him to come to court. Ji Wenzi said: "The Marquis of Qi is unavoidable. I am rude, but I ask the polite person, saying: 'Why do you want to be polite!' The etiquette is in line with the sky, which is the way of heaven. I go against the sky, and also try to please others, which is inevitable. The poem says: 'Hu is not afraid of each other, and he is not afraid of others. Afraid of Heaven? 'A gentleman should not abuse the humble, but be afraid of Heaven.' Zhou Song said: 'Afraid of Heaven's power, how can you protect it?
齐懿公发兵进攻我国西部边境，他认为诸侯不能救援。并因此而攻打曹国，进入外城，讨伐曹国曾经前来朝见过鲁国。季文子说：“齐侯恐怕不能免于患难吧？自己就不合于礼，反而讨伐合于礼的国家，说：‘你为什么实行礼？’礼用来顺服上天，这是上天的常道。自己就违反上天，反而又因此付伐别人，这就难免有祸难了。《诗》说：‘为什么不互相敬畏？因为不敬畏上天。’君子不虐待幼小和卑贱，这是由于畏惧上天。在《周颂》里说：‘畏敬上天的威灵，因此就能保有福禄。’不畏敬上天，如何能保得住？用动乱取得国家，奉行礼仪来保持国君的地位，还害怕不得善终，多做不合于礼的事情，这就不得善终了。”
Qi Yigong sent troops to attack the western border of our country. He thought that the princes could not rescue him. Therefore, he attacked the State of Cao, entered the outer city, and attacked the State of Cao. He once came to pay homage to the State of Lu. Ji Wenzi said: "Isn't the Marquis of Qi immune to trouble? He himself is not in compliance with the rituals, but instead attacks the country that is in compliance with the rituals, saying: 'Why do you practice rituals?' Rituals are used to obey God, which is the way of heaven. If you violate heaven, you will attack others for it, which will inevitably lead to disaster. "Poetry" says: 'Why don't we respect each other? Because we don't respect each other. "God." The reason why a gentleman does not abuse the young and humble is because he is afraid of God. It is said in "Zhou Song": "Fear God's power, so you can keep your fortune." How can you keep it if you don't fear God? If you use turmoil to maintain your status as a king, you will not end well and do things that are not in line with etiquette."
