【经】
四年春王正月，公及齐侯平莒及郯。莒人不肯。公伐莒，取向。秦伯稻卒。夏六月乙酉，郑公子归生弑其君夷。赤狄侵齐。秋，公如齐。公至自齐。冬，楚子伐郑。
In the spring of the fourth year, in the first month of the king's reign, the Duke and the Marquis of Qi leveled with Ju and Tan. The Ju people refused. Public cutting of Ju, orientation. Qin Bo died. In the sixth month of summer, Yiyou, Mr. Zheng returned to his life and killed his lord Yi. Red Di invaded Qi. In autumn, the public is like Qi. From the public to the self. In winter, Chuzi attacked Zheng.
【传】
【Biography】
四年春，公及齐侯平莒及郯，莒人不肯。公伐莒，取向，非礼也。平国以礼不以乱，伐而不治，乱也。以乱平乱，何治之有？无治，何以行礼？
In the spring of the fourth year, the Duke and the Marquis of Qi fought against Ju and Tan, but the Ju people refused. The public's attack on Ju is inappropriate and indecent. If a country is at peace with courtesy but not chaos, if it is attacking but not governing, then it is chaos. How can we control chaos by quelling it? If there is no rule, why should we salute?
四年春季，鲁宣公和齐惠公使莒国和郯国讲和，莒人不肯。宣公攻打莒国，占领了向地，这是不合于礼的。和别国讲和应该用礼，不应该用动乱。讨伐就不能安定，就是动乱。用动乱去平定动乱，还有什么安定？没有安定，用什么来实行礼？
In the spring of the fourth year, Duke Xuan of Lu and Duke Hui of Qi made peace between Ju and Tan, but the Ju people refused. Duke Xuan attacked Ju and occupied Xiangdi, which was not in line with etiquette. Making peace with other countries should be done with courtesy and not with turmoil. Crusade will not bring stability, it will lead to turmoil. If we use turmoil to quell turmoil, what kind of stability will there be? Without stability, how can we practice rituals?
楚人献鼋于郑灵公。公子宋与子家将见。子公之食指动，以示子家，曰：“他日我如此，必尝异味。”及入，宰夫将解鼋，相视而笑。公问之，子家以告，及食大夫鼋，召子公而弗与也。子公怒，梁指于鼎，尝之而出。公怒，欲杀子公。子公与子家谋先。子家曰：“畜老，犹惮杀之，而况君乎？”反谮子家，子家惧而従之。夏，弑灵公。书曰：“郑公子归生弑其君夷。”权不足也。君子曰：“仁而不武，无能达也。”凡弑君，称君，君无道也；称臣，臣之罪也。
The people of Chu offered turtles to Duke Linggong of Zheng. Young Master Song and his family are about to meet. Zigong moved his index finger to show his family, and said: "If I do this the next day, I will taste the strange smell." When he came in, the butler untied the turtle and looked at each other with a smile. When the duke asked about it, the son's family reported it, and when the official was eating, he summoned the duke, but he couldn't accept it. When Zigong was angry, Liang pointed it at the tripod and tasted it. The public was angry and wanted to kill his son. Zigong and his family seek to take the lead. Zijia said: "I'm afraid of killing the old beast, but what about you?" He rebelled against Zijia, and Zijia was afraid of him. Xia, Killing Duke Ling. The book says: "Mr. Zheng returned to life and killed his barbarian king." The power was insufficient. The gentleman said: "Benevolence without force is incompetent." Anyone who kills the king and calls him a king is an unrighteous king; calling a minister a crime is a crime for the minister.
楚国人献给郑灵公一只大甲鱼。公子宋和子家将要进见，走在路上，公子宋的食指忽然自己动了起来，就把它给子家看，说：“以往我遇到这种情况，一定可以尝到美味。”等到进去以后，厨师正准备切甲鱼，两人互相看着而笑起来。郑灵公问他们为什么笑，子家就把刚才的情况告诉郑灵公。等到郑灵公把甲鱼赐给大夫们吃的时候，也把公子宋召来但偏不给他吃。公子宋发怒，用手指头在鼎里蘸了蘸，尝到味道后才退出去。郑灵公发怒，要杀死公子宋。公子宋和子家策划先下手。子家说：“牲口老了，尚且怕杀，何况国君？”公子宋就反过来诬陷子家。子家害怕，只好跟着他干，夏季，杀死了郑灵公。《春秋》记载说：“郑公子归生弑其君夷。”这是由于子家的权力不足的缘故。君子说：“仁爱而没有勇武，总是达不到目的。”凡是杀死国君，如果只记载国君的名字，这是由于国君无道；记载臣下的名字，这就是臣下有罪过。
The people of Chu presented a large turtle to Zheng Linggong. Young Master Song and Zi Jia were about to come in. As they were walking on the road, Young Master Song's index finger suddenly moved on its own. He showed it to Zi Jia and said, "In the past, when I encountered this kind of situation, I would definitely be able to taste the delicious food." When they entered, the chef was preparing to cut the turtle, and the two looked at each other and laughed. Zheng Linggong asked them why they were laughing, and the Zi family told Zheng Linggong what had just happened. When Duke Linggong of Zheng gave the turtles to the officials to eat, he also summoned the young master Song, but refused to give them to him. Young Master Song became angry and dipped his fingers in the cauldron. He tasted the taste and then withdrew. Duke Linggong of Zheng was angry and wanted to kill Prince Song. Young Master Song and the Zi family planned to strike first. The Zi family said: "The animals are old and they are afraid of killing them, let alone the king?" The son of the Song Dynasty turned around and framed the Zi family. The Zi family was afraid and had to follow him. In summer, they killed Zheng Linggong. "Spring and Autumn" records: "Zheng Gongzi returned to life and killed his king Yi." This was due to the lack of power of the Zi family. The gentleman said: "Benevolence without bravery will always fail to achieve the goal." Whenever a king is killed, if only the name of the king is recorded, it is because the king is immoral; if the names of the ministers are recorded, it means that the ministers are guilty.
郑人立子良，辞曰：“以贤则去疾不足，以顺则公子坚长。”乃立襄公。襄公将去穆氏，而舍子良。子良不可，曰：“穆氏宜存，则固愿也。若将亡之，则亦皆亡，去疾何为？”乃舍之，皆为大夫。
The people of Zheng established Ziliang and said: "With virtuousness, diseases will be eliminated; with obedience, the son will be strong and strong." So he established Xiang Gong. Duke Xiang will go to the Mu family and leave Ziliang behind. Ziliang was unable to do so, and said: "It is appropriate for the Mu family to survive, and it is a solid wish. If they are about to perish, then they will all perish. What's the point of removing the disease?" So he gave them up, and they all became great officials.
郑国人要立子良为国君，子良辞谢说：“以贤明而论，去疾是不够的，以顺序而论，公子坚年长。”就立了郑襄公。襄公准备驱逐他的兄弟们，而赦免了子良。子良不同意，说：“穆公的儿子如果适合留下来，去疾本来就有这样的愿望。如果要离开郑国，那就都离开，为什么单独留下去疾？”于是赦免了他们，让他们都做大夫。
The people of Zheng wanted to make Ziliang their king. Ziliang declined and said: "In terms of being wise, it is not enough to remove the disease. In terms of order, the young master is strong and old." So he made Duke Xiang of Zheng. Duke Xiang prepared to expel his brothers, but spared Ziliang. Ziliang disagreed and said: "If Duke Mu's son is suitable to stay, Quji would have had such a wish. If he wants to leave Zheng, then all of them should leave. Why leave Quji alone?" So he pardoned them and made them all doctors.
初，楚司马子良生子越椒，子文曰：“必杀之。是子也，熊虎之状，而豺狼之声，弗杀，必灭若敖氏矣。谚曰：‘狼子野心。’是乃狼也，其可畜乎？”子良不可。子文以为大慼（qī，同“戚”），及将死，聚其族，曰：“椒也知政，乃速行矣，无及于难。”且泣曰：“鬼犹求食，若敖氏之鬼，不其馁而？”及令尹子文卒，斗般为令尹，子越为司马。蒍贾为工正，谮子扬而杀之，子越为令尹，己为司马。子越又恶之，乃以若敖氏之族圄伯嬴于轑（lǎo）阳而杀之，遂处烝野，将攻王。王以三王之子为质焉，弗受，师于漳澨（shì）。秋七月戊戌，楚子与若敖氏战于皋浒。伯棼射王，汰辀，及鼓跗，著于丁宁。又射汰辀，以贯笠毂。师惧，退。王使巡师曰：“吾先君文王克息，获三矢焉。伯棼窃其二，尽于是矣。”鼓而进之，遂灭若敖氏。
In the early days, Chu Sima Ziliang gave birth to a son called Yuejiao. Ziwen said: "You must kill him. This son is like a bear and a tiger, and the sound of a jackal and wolf cannot kill him. He will surely destroy the Ao family. The proverb goes: 'The wolf son is ambitious.' This is a wolf. Can it be an animal?" Ziliang couldn't. Ziwen thought that the great Qi (qī, the same as "Qi") was about to die, so he gathered his clan and said: "Jiao also knows the government, so he can move quickly, and there is no difficulty." He wept and said: "The ghost is still asking for food, if it is the ghost of the Ao family, why not be discouraged?" When Ziwen died, Douban became Ling Yin, and Ziyue became Sima. Jia Jia was an official in charge of work, so he killed Ziyang because of his dissatisfaction with him. Ziyue became the commander-in-chief, and he himself became the commander-in-chief. Ziyue was more disgusted with him, so he killed Yu Bo, a member of the Ruo Ao clan, because he won in Shiyang, and then sent him to the wilderness to attack the king. The king took the sons of the three kings as pledges, and if he could not accept them, he studied under Zhangnan (shì). In the autumn and seventh month of the Wuxu period, Chuzi and the Ruoao clan fought in Gaohu. Bo Fen shot at the king, removed the chariot and drummed the tarsus, and set it on Ding Ning. He also shot the chariot and penetrated the hub of the chariot. The teacher is afraid and retreats. The king's envoy patrol said: "My predecessor, King Wen, suppressed the attack and captured three arrows. Bo Fen stole two of them and ended up with them." He advanced with the drum and destroyed Ruo Ao's family.
当初，楚国的司马子良生了子越椒。子文说：“一定要杀死他！这个孩子，有熊虎的形状、豺狼的声音，不杀，必然会灭亡若敖氏了。俗话说：‘狼子野心。’这孩子是一条狼，难道能够养着吗？”子良不同意，子文把这件事当成一件很大的忧心事，到他临死的时候，聚集了他的族人，说：“如果越椒一旦执政，就快点走吧，不要遭到祸难。”同时哭着说：“鬼尚且要求吃东西，若敖氏的鬼不是要挨饿了吗！”等到令尹子文死去，鬬般担任令尹，子越担任司马。蒍贾出任工正，诬陷子扬并且杀了他，子越就做了令尹，他自己做了司马。子越又讨厌他，就带领了若敖氏的族人把伯嬴囚禁在轑阳并且杀死了他，于是就住在烝野地方，准备进攻楚庄王。楚庄王用三代国王的子孙作为人质，子越不接受。楚庄王在漳澨用兵。秋季，七月初九日，楚庄王和若敖氏在皋浒作战。子越椒用箭射楚庄王，力量强而箭镞锋利，箭飞过车辕，穿过鼓架，射在铜钲上。又射一箭，飞过车辕，透过车盖。士兵害怕，开始退却。楚庄王派人在军队里到处喊着说：“我们的先君文王攻克息国，得到三枝箭，子越椒偷去两枝，已经全用完了。”于是楚王下令击鼓进军，就消灭了若敖氏。
At that time, Sima Ziliang of Chu State gave birth to Zi Yuejiao. Ziwen said: "You must kill him! This child has the shape of a bear and tiger and the voice of a jackal. If you don't kill him, Ruo'ao will surely perish. As the saying goes: 'A wolf's ambition.' This child is a wolf, how can it be raised?" Ziliang disagreed, and Ziwen regarded this matter as a big worry. When he was about to die, he gathered his people and said, "If Yue Jiao comes to power, hurry up and don't suffer disaster." At the same time, he cried and said, "The ghosts still ask for food. Aren't the ghosts of Ruo Ao going to starve?" When Ziwen, the Ling Yin, died, Ban Ban became Ling Yin and Zi Yue became Sima. Jiang Jia was appointed Gongzheng, framed Ziyang and killed him. Ziyue became Lingyin, and he himself became Sima. Ziyue hated him again, so he led the Ruo'ao clan to imprison Boying in Shiyang and killed him. Then he lived in Haoye and prepared to attack King Zhuang of Chu. King Zhuang of Chu used the descendants of three generations of kings as hostages, but Ziyue did not accept it. King Zhuang of Chu sent troops to Zhangnan. In autumn, on the ninth day of the seventh month, King Zhuang of Chu and the Ruo'ao clan fought in Gaohu. Zi Yuejiao shot King Zhuang of Chu with an arrow. It was powerful and the arrowhead was sharp. The arrow flew over the chariot shaft, passed through the drum stand, and hit the copper ceremonial. He shot another arrow and flew over the shaft of the chariot and through the hood. The soldiers were frightened and began to retreat. King Chuzhuang sent people everywhere in the army to shout: "Our ancestor King Wen conquered the country of Xi and got three arrows. Zi Yuejiao stole two arrows and they are all used up." So King Chu ordered the drums to be beaten and the army marched, and the Ruo'ao family was wiped out.
初，若敖娶于鄖，生斗伯比。若敖卒，従其母畜于鄖，淫于鄖子之女，生子文焉鄖夫人使弃诸梦中，虎乳之。鄖子田，见之，惧而归，以告，遂使收之。楚人谓乳谷，谓虎於菟，故命之曰斗谷於菟。以其女妻伯比，实为令尹子文。其孙箴尹克黄使于齐，还，及宋，闻乱。其人曰，“不可以入矣。”箴尹曰：“弃君之命，独谁受之？尹，天也，天可逃乎？”遂归，复命而自拘于司败。王思子文之治楚国也，曰：“子文无后，何以劝善？”使复其所，改命曰生。
In the early days, Ruo Ao married Yun and gave birth to Doubi. If Ao dies, he strays from his mother and livestock to Yun, and has sex with Yunzi's daughter, and gives birth to a son, Wen Yan. Mrs. Yun sends him to abandon him in his dreams, with the breast of a tiger. When Yun Zitian saw it, he returned in fear and reported it, so he ordered him to collect it. The people of Chu called it Rugu, and tigers and dodders, so they called it fighting grains and dodders. His female wife, Bo Bi, is actually his daughter, Ziwen. His grandson Zhen Yin Ke Huang sent envoys to the Qi Dynasty and returned to the Song Dynasty, where he heard about the chaos. The man said, "You can't enter." Zhen Yin said: "Who can accept the order of abandoning the emperor? Yin, heaven, how can you escape?" Then he returned, resumed his life, and stayed in Sibei. The king thought that Ziwen was governing the Chu State, and said: "Ziwen has no descendants, how can he encourage good deeds?" He returned to his place and changed his life to Sheng.
当初，若敖在鄖国娶妻，生了鬬伯比。若敖死后，跟着他的母亲养在鄖国，和鄖子的女儿私通，生了子文。鄖夫人让人把子文丢在云梦泽里，有老虎给他喂奶，鄖子打猎，看到这场面，害怕而回来。夫人把女儿私生子的情况告诉鄖子，鄖子就让人收养了子文。楚国人把奶叫做“穀”，把老虎叫做“於菟”，所以就把这个孩子叫做鬬穀於菟。鄖子把他的女儿嫁给鬬伯比做妻子。鬬穀於菟就是令尹子文。子文的孙子箴尹克黄出使齐国，回来时到达宋国，听到叛乱消息。有人说：“不能回去了。”箴尹说“丢掉国君的命令，还有谁来接受我？国君，就是上天，难道可以逃避上天吗？”就回到楚国复命，并且自动到法官那里请求囚禁。楚庄王想起子文治理楚国的功绩，说：“子文如果没有后代，如何劝人为善？”就让克黄恢复原来的官职，把他的名字改为“生”。
At first, Ruo Ao married a wife in the country of Yun and gave birth to Jubobi. After Ruo Ao died, he was raised by his mother in the state of Yun. He had an affair with Yunzi's daughter and gave birth to Ziwen. Mrs. Yun asked Ziwen to be thrown into Yunmengze, and a tiger was feeding him. Yunzi was hunting. Seeing this scene, he was frightened and came back. The lady told Yunzi that her daughter had given birth to an illegitimate child, and Yunzi had Ziwen adopted. The people of Chu called milk "gu" and tigers "yutu", so they called this child "嬬谷yutu". Yunzi married his daughter to Bobi. Hui Gu Yu Tu is Ling Yin Ziwen. Ziwen's grandson Zhenyin Kehuang went to Qi as an envoy. When he returned, he arrived in Song and heard news of the rebellion. Someone said: "I can't go back." Zhen Yin said, "If I throw away the king's order, who else will accept me? The king is heaven, how can I escape from heaven?" He returned to Chu State to resume his life, and voluntarily went to the judge to ask for imprisonment. King Zhuang of Chu remembered Ziwen's achievements in governing Chu and said, "If Ziwen has no descendants, how can he encourage people to do good?" He asked Kehuang to resume his original official position and change his name to "Sheng".
冬，楚子伐郑，郑未服也。
In winter, Chuzi attacked Zheng, but Zheng did not surrender.
冬季，楚庄王进攻郑国，这是由于郑国没有顺服的缘故。
In winter, King Zhuang of Chu attacked the state of Zheng. This was because the state of Zheng did not obey.
