宣公(元年~十八年) 宣公十二年(前597年)

类别:史部 作者:左丘明 书名:春秋左传

    【经】
【经】

    十有二年春,葬陈灵公。楚子围郑。夏六月乙卯,晋荀林父帅师及楚子战于邲,晋师败绩。秋七月。冬十有二月戊寅,楚子灭萧。晋人、宋人、卫人、曹人同盟于清丘。宋师伐陈。卫人救陈。
In the spring of the twelfth year, Chen Linggong was buried. Chuzi surrounded Zheng. In the sixth month of the summer on Yimao, Jin Xunlin's commander-in-chief and Chu Zi fought in Bi, and the Jin army was defeated. Autumn July. On the tenth day of winter, in the second month of Wuyin, Chuzi destroyed Xiao. The people of Jin, Song, Wei, and Cao allied themselves in Qingqiu. The Song division attacked Chen. The Wei people rescued Chen.

    【传】
【Biography】

    十二年春,楚子围郑。旬有七日,郑人卜行成,不吉。卜临于大宫,且巷出车,吉。国人大临,守陴(pí,城上的矮墙。亦称“女墙”)者皆哭。楚子退师,郑人修城,进复围之,三月克之。入自皇门,至于逵路。郑伯肉袒牵羊以逆,曰:“孤不天,不能事君,使君怀怒以及敝邑,孤之罪也。敢不唯命是听。其俘诸江南以实海滨,亦唯命。其翦以赐诸侯,使臣妾之,亦唯命。若惠顾前好,徼福于厉、宣、桓、武,不泯其社稷,使改事君,夷于九县,君之惠也,孤之愿之,非所敢望也。敢布腹心,君实图之。”左右曰:“不可许也,得国无赦。”王曰:“其君能下人,必能信用其民矣,庸可几乎?”退三十里而许之平。潘尫(wāng,同“尪”,跛。)入盟,子良出质。
In the spring of the twelfth year, Chuzi besieged Zheng. On the seventh day of the tenth day, the people of Zheng performed the divination, but it was unlucky. The divination comes to the palace and a car comes out of the alley, which is auspicious. When the people of the country come to visit, all those who guard the Pi (pí, a low wall on the city. Also known as the "female wall") cry. Chu Zi retreated, and the Zheng people built the city, advanced and surrounded it, and defeated it in three months. Enter from the imperial gate and go to Kui Road. Uncle Zheng led the sheep to Ni with bare flesh, and said: "I can't do anything to the king without heaven, so that the king is angry and ruins the city. It is the crime of being lonely. Dare not to obey orders. He captured people from the south of the Yangtze River and moved to the seaside, and he also obeyed orders. He gave the silk to the princes and envoys and concubines, and he also obeyed orders. If you favor the former, you will be blessed by Li, Xuan, Huan, and Wu, not Losing the country and changing the country to serve the king, the king's favor is not what I dare to hope for. I dare to tell my heart, but the king really wants it." The left and right people said: "You can't do it, and you will not be forgiven by the country." The king said: "The king can trust his people. How can he be able to retreat thirty miles and promise peace? Pan Guo (wāng, the same as "尪", lame.) joined the alliance, and Ziliang pledged his pledge.

    十二年春季,楚庄王包围郑国十七天。郑国人占卜以求和,不吉利;为在太庙号哭和出车于街巷去占卜,吉利。城里的人们在太庙大哭,守城的将士在城上大哭。楚庄王退兵。郑国人修筑城墙,楚国又进军,再次包围郑国,经三个月,攻克了郑国。楚军从皇门进入,到达京城的大路上。郑襄公脱去衣服,牵着羊迎接楚庄王,说:“我不能承奉天意,不能事奉君王,使君王带着怒气来到敝邑,这是我的罪过,岂敢不唯命是听?要把我俘虏到江南,放到海边,也听君王吩咐;要灭亡郑国,把郑地赐给诸侯,让郑国人作为奴隶,也听君王吩咐。如果承君王顾念从前的友好,向周厉王、宣王、郑桓公、武公求福,而不灭绝我国,让我国重新事奉君王,等同于楚国的诸县,这是君王的恩惠,我的心愿,但又不是我所敢于指望的了。谨坦露心里的话,请君王考虑。”左右随从说:“不能允许他,得到了国家没有赦免的。”楚庄王说:“他的国君能够屈居他人之下,必然能够取信和使用他的百姓,恐怕还是很有希望的吧!”楚军退兵三十里而允许郑国讲和。潘尪入郑国结盟,子良到楚国作为人质。
In the spring of the twelfth year, King Zhuang of Chu besieged Zheng for seventeen days. The people of Zheng used divination to seek peace, which was unlucky; it was auspicious to cry in the Ancestral Temple and drive around the streets for divination. The people in the city cried loudly in the Ancestral Temple, and the soldiers guarding the city cried loudly on the city. King Zhuang of Chu retreated. The people of Zheng built the city wall, and Chu marched again and surrounded Zheng again. After three months, they conquered Zheng. The Chu army entered from the imperial gate and reached the main road of the capital. Zheng Xianggong took off his clothes, led the sheep to greet the king of Chuzhuang, and said: "I can't obey God's will and serve the king, so the king comes to our city with anger. This is my sin. How dare I not obey orders? They want to take me prisoner to the south of the Yangtze River and put me there. By the sea, I also obey the king's instructions. If I want to destroy Zheng, I will give the land of Zheng to the princes and make the people of Zheng as slaves. I will also obey the king's instructions. If Chengjun takes care of the former friendship and seeks blessings from King Zhou Li, King Xuan, Duke Huan of Zheng, and Duke Wu, he will not be destroyed. My country, let my country serve the king again, equal to the counties of Chu State. This is the king's favor, but it is not what I dare to hope for. I would like to express my heart and ask the king to consider it. "The attendants said: "This cannot be allowed. He was not pardoned by the state." King Zhuang of Chu said, "If his king can be subordinate to others, he will definitely be able to win the trust and use of his people. I'm afraid there is still hope!" The Chu army retreated thirty miles and allowed Zheng to make peace. Pan Kuan entered the state of Zheng to form an alliance, and Ziliang went to the state of Chu as a hostage.

    夏六月,晋师救郑。荀林父将中军,先縠佐之。士会将上军,郤克佐之。赵朔将下军,栾书佐之。赵括、赵婴齐为中军大夫。巩朔、韩穿为上军大夫。荀首、赵同为下军大夫。韩厥为司马。及河,闻郑既及楚平,桓子欲还,曰:“无及于郑而剿民,焉用之?楚归而动,不后。”随武子曰:“善。会闻用师,观衅而动。德刑政事典礼不易,不可敌也,不为是征。楚军讨郑,怒其贰而哀其卑,叛而伐之,服而舍之,德刑成矣。伐叛,刑也;柔服,德也。二者立矣。昔岁入陈,今兹入郑,民不罢劳,君无怨讟,政有经矣。荆尸而举,商农工贾不败其业,而卒乘辑睦,事不奸矣。蒍敖为宰,择楚国之令典,军行,右辕,左追蓐(rù),前茅虑无,中权,后劲,百官象物而动,军政不戒而备,能用典矣。其君之举也,内娃选于亲,外姓选于旧;举不失德,赏不失劳;老有加惠,旅有施舍;君子小人,物有服章,贵有常尊,贱有等威;礼不逆矣。德立,刑行,政成,事时,典従,礼顺,若之何敌之?见可而进,知难而退,军之善政也。兼弱攻昧,武之善经也。子姑整军而经武乎,犹有弱而昧者,何必楚?仲虺有言曰:‘取乱侮亡。’兼弱也。《汋》曰:‘於铄王师,遵养时晦。’耆昧也。《武》曰:‘无竞惟烈。’抚弱耆昧以务烈所,可也。”彘子曰:“不可。晋所以霸,师武臣力也。今失诸侯,不可谓力。有敌而不従,不可谓武。由我失霸,不如死。且成师以出,闻敌强而退,非夫也。命为军师,而卒以非夫,唯群子能,我弗为也。”以中军佐济。
In June of Xia, the Jin army rescued Zheng. Xun Lin's father, General Zhongjun, first assisted him. The general will join the army, but he will help him. General Zhao Shuo disembarked, and Luan Shu assisted him. Zhao Kuo and Zhao Yingqi were officers of the Chinese army. Gong Shuo and Han Chuan were the officers of the army. Xun Shou and Zhao were both officials in the army. Han Jue was Sima. When he came to the river, he heard that Zheng had reached Chuping. Huanzi wanted to return, and said: "If you can't defeat Zheng and suppress the people, how can you use it? Chu returns and moves, but does not follow." Following Wuzi, he said: "Good. Know how to use teachers, observe provocations and move. Virtue, punishment, political affairs, rituals are not Yi, invincible, and not conquered. The Chu army was angry at the two and attacked them, and surrendered them. The punishment was achieved by attacking the rebels; the two were established in Chen. Zheng, the people do not stop working, the king has no complaints, and the government is well established. The merchants, peasants, and workers are not defeated, and the soldiers are harmonious, and the affairs are not treacherous. rù), there is no care in the front, power in the middle, and strength in the back. The officials act like things, and the military and government are prepared without warning. They can use the code. The emperor's actions are based on his relatives, and his foreign names are based on the old. He does not lose virtue in promotion, and does not lose hard work in rewards. When he is old, he will be rewarded. Hui, there is alms when traveling; gentlemen and villains have uniforms, nobles have constant respect, and humble have equal authority; etiquette is not contrary to morality, punishment is carried out, and politics is successful. Retreat, the army is good at governing, and the military is good at fighting. If there are still those who are weak and ignorant, why should Chu be defeated? "Master, support Shi Hui." "Wu" said: "There is no competition but strength." It is okay to support the weak Qi Mei. . It is not called martial arts to resist the enemy. It is better to die if we form an army and retreat when we hear that the enemy is strong. It is not a husband to be a soldier, but it is not a soldier who can help me."

    夏季,六月,晋国的军队去救郑国。荀林父率领中军,先縠为辅佐;士会率领上军,郤作辅佐;赵朔率领下军,栾书作为辅佐。赵括、赵婴齐担任中军大夫,巩朔、韩穿担任上军大夫,荀首、赵同担任下军大夫。韩厥担任司马。到达黄河,听到郑国已经和楚国讲和,荀林父想要回去,说:“没有赶到郑国,又劳动百姓,出兵有什么用?等楚军回去以后我军再出兵进攻郑国,还不算晚。”士会说:“好。会听说用兵之道,观察敌人的间隙而后行动,德行、刑罚、政令、事务、典则、礼仪合乎常道,就是不可抵挡的,不能进攻这样的国家。楚国的军队讨伐郑国,讨厌郑国有二心,又可怜郑国的卑下,郑国背叛就讨伐他,郑国顺服就赦免他,德行、刑罚都完成了。讨伐背叛,这是刑罚;安抚顺服,这是德行,这二者树立起来了。往年进入陈国,如今进入郑国,百姓并不感到疲劳,国君没有受到怨恨,政令就合于常道了,楚军摆成荆尸之阵而后发兵,井井有条,商贩、农民、工匠、店主都不废时失业,步兵车兵关系和睦,事务就互不相犯了。蒍敖做令尹,选择实行楚国好的法典,军队出动,右军跟随主将的车辕,左军打草作为歇息的准备,前军以旄旌开路以防意外,中军斟酌谋划,后军以精兵押阵。各级军官根据象征自己的旌旗的指示而采取行动,军事政务不必等待命令而完备,这就是能够运用典则了。他们国君选拔人材,同姓中选择亲近的支系,异姓中选择世代旧臣,提拔不遗漏有德行的人,赏赐不遣漏有功劳的人。对老人有优待,对旅客有赐予。君子和小人,各有规定的服饰。对尊贵的有一定的礼节示以尊重,对低贱的有一定的等级示以威严。这就是礼节没有不顺的了。德行树立,刑罚施行,政事成就,事务合时,典则执行,礼节顺当,怎么能抵挡楚国?看到可能就前进,遇到困难就后退,这是治军的好办法。兼并衰弱进攻昏暗,这是用兵的好规则。您姑且整顿军队、筹划武备吧!还有弱小而昏暗的国家,为什么一定要进攻楚军?仲虺说:‘占取动乱之国,欺侮可以灭亡之国。’说的就是兼并衰弱。《诗经•周倾•酌》篇说:‘天子的军队多么神气,率领他们把昏昧的国家占取。’说的就是进攻昏昧。《武》篇说:‘武王的功业无比伟大强盛。’安抚衰弱进攻昏暗,以致力于功业所在,这就可以了。”先縠说:“不行。晋国所以能称霸诸侯,是由于军队勇敢、臣下得力。现在失去了诸侯,不能说是得力;有了敌人不去追逐,不能说是勇敢。由于我们而丢掉霸主的地位,不如去死。而且晋国整顿军队不出动,听到敌人强大就退却,这不是大丈夫。任命为军队的统帅,而做出了不是大丈夫所做的事,这只有你们能办到,我是不会干的。”说完,就带领中军副帅所属军队渡过黄河。
In summer, in June, Jin's army went to rescue Zheng. Xun Lin's father led the middle army, with Xian Yu as his assistant; Shi Hui led the upper army, with Que as his assistant; Zhao Shuo led the lower army, with Luan Shu as his assistant. Zhao Kuo and Zhao Yingqi served as the officers of the central army, Gong Shuo and Han Chuan served as the officers of the upper army, and Xun Shou and Zhao Tong served as the officers of the lower army. Han Jue served as Sima. When they arrived at the Yellow River, they heard that Zheng had made peace with Chu. Xun Lin's father wanted to go back and said, "What's the use of sending troops without reaching Zheng and working for the people? It's not too late for our army to attack Zheng after the Chu army returns." Shihui said, "Okay. I've heard about the way to use troops, observe the enemy's gaps and then act. , the virtues, punishments, government orders, affairs, codes, and etiquette are in line with the common law, so they are irresistible and cannot attack such a country. The army of Chu hates Zheng and has two intentions, and pities Zheng's humbleness. If Zheng rebels, he will attack him. If Zheng obeys, he will be pardoned. The virtues and punishments have been completed. Fighting rebellion is a punishment; appeasing and obeying is virtue. These two are established. In the past, when we entered the state of Chen, now we entered the state of Zheng. The people did not feel tired, the king was not resented, and the government orders were in line with the rules. When the commander was not in power, there was no job, and the relationship between the infantry, chariots, and soldiers was harmonious, and affairs did not interfere with each other. Chiang Ao acted as commander, and chose to implement the good laws of Chu. The army was dispatched, with the right army following the general's chariot shafts, the left army raking grass as preparation for rest, the front army using jiajing to clear the way to prevent accidents, the middle army considering the plan, and the rear army marching in the formation. Officers at all levels take actions according to the instructions of their own flags, and military and government affairs do not need to wait for orders to be completed. This is the ability to apply the code. Their monarchs select talents, choosing close branches among those with the same surname, and old ministers among those with different surnames. They promote those who are virtuous and do not omit those who have meritorious service. There is preferential treatment for the elderly and gifts for travelers. Gentlemen and villains each have their own prescribed clothing. There are certain etiquettes to show respect for the noble ones, and there are certain levels of hierarchy for the lowly ones to show majesty. This is etiquette and there is nothing wrong with it. If virtue is established, punishments are enforced, political affairs are accomplished, affairs are timely, rules are enforced, and etiquette is obeyed, how can one resist the state of Chu? Advancing when you see a possibility and retreating when encountering difficulties is a good way to run an army. Annexing weakness and attacking darkness is a good rule for using troops. For the time being, you can reorganize your army and plan your armaments! There are still weak and dim countries, why must they attack the Chu army? Zhong Hui said: "Occupying a country in turmoil and bullying a country can lead to destruction." ’ It’s talking about merger and weakening. "The Book of Songs·Zhou Qing·Ziu" says: "The emperor's army is so impressive, leading them to capture the ignorant country." ’ is talking about attacking ignorance. The "Wu" chapter says: 'King Wu's achievements are extremely great and powerful. ’ It’s enough to appease the weak and attack the darkness in order to devote yourself to the merits. Xianyu said, "No." The reason why Jin was able to dominate the princes was because its army was brave and its ministers were capable. Now that we have lost the princes, we cannot say that we are powerful; if we have enemies and we do not pursue them, we cannot say that we are brave. It would be better to die if you lose your position as the hegemon because of us. Moreover, the Jin State rectified its army and did not move out, but retreated when it heard that the enemy was strong. This was not a man. Appointed as the commander-in-chief of the army and did something unworthy of a man, only you can do this, I will not do it. "After that, he led the troops of the deputy commander-in-chief of the Chinese army across the Yellow River.

    知庄子曰:“此师殆哉。《周易》有之,在《师》三之《临》三,曰:‘师出以律,否臧凶。’执事顺成为臧,逆为否,众散为弱,川壅为泽,有律以如己也,故曰律。否臧,且律竭也。盈而以竭,夭且不整,所以凶也。不行谓之《临》,有帅而不従,临孰甚焉!此之谓矣。果遇,必败,彘子尸之。虽免而归,必有大咎。”韩献子谓桓子曰:“彘子以偏师陷,子罪大矣。子为元师,师不用命,谁之罪也?失属亡师,为罪已重,不如进也。事之不捷,恶有所分,与其专罪,六人同之,不犹愈乎?”师遂济。
I know that Zhuangzi said: "This teacher is in danger." The Book of Changes contains it, in the third chapter of "Shi", "Lin" 3, it says: "If the teacher comes out with the law, it will be bad." Weak, the river is blocked, and it has a law, so it is called a law. The law is full and exhausted, and it is not neat, so it cannot be called "Lin". It is handsome but not awkward. What's more, this is what it means. If you encounter someone, you will definitely be defeated. Even if you escape, you will definitely suffer a great loss. "Han Xianzi said to Huanzi: "The traitor is a great sinner. "If the master doesn't die, who's to blame? It's a serious crime to lose the master. It's better to go forward. If things don't go well, the evil will be done. If the six people commit the same crime, wouldn't it be better?"

    荀首说:“先縠这些军队危险了。《周易》上有这样的卦象,从《师》卦变成《临》卦,爻辞说:‘出兵用法令治理,法令不严明,结果必凶。’执行顺当而成功就是‘臧’,反其道就是‘否’。大众离散是柔弱,流水壅塞就成为沼泽。有法制指挥三军如同指挥自己一样,所以叫做律。执行不顺当,法制治理就穷尽而无用。从充满到穷尽,阻塞而且不整齐,就是凶险的征兆了。不能流动叫做‘临’,有统帅而不服从,还有比这更严重的‘临’吗?说的就是先縠的这个行为了。果真和敌人相遇,一定失败,彘子将会是主要罪魁,即使免于战死而回国,一定有大的灾祸。”韩厥对荀林父说:“彘子率领一部分军队失陷,您的罪过大了。您作为最高统帅,军队不听命令,这是谁的罪过?失去属国,丢掉军队,构成的罪过已经太重,不如干脆进军。作战如果不能得胜,失败的罪过可以共分担,与其一个人承担罪责,六个人共同承担,不还好一点吗?”于是晋国的军队就渡过了黄河。
Xun Shou said: "Xianyu's troops are in danger. There is such a hexagram in the Book of Changes, from the "Shi" hexagram to the "Lin" hexagram. The line says: 'Send troops to govern by laws. If the laws are not strict, the consequences will be disaster.' Successful execution is 'Zang', and the opposite is 'No'. The separation of the masses is weak, and the flow of water is blocked. A blockage becomes a swamp. If there is a legal system to command the three armies, it is like commanding oneself, so it is called law. If it is not implemented smoothly, the legal system will be exhausted and useless. From being full to being exhausted, it is blocked and irregular, which is a sign of danger. There is a commander who does not obey, and there is something more serious than this. ’ Is this what you are talking about? If you encounter the enemy, you will definitely fail, and Pig will be the main culprit. Even if you return home without death, there will be a big disaster. "Han Jue said to Xun Lin's father, "You, as the supreme commander, have committed a great crime. Listen to the order, whose fault is it? The sin of losing the vassal and the army is too heavy. It is better to march forward. If the battle cannot be won, the fault of failure can be shared. Rather than one person bearing the responsibility, wouldn't it be better to share the responsibility?" So the Jin army crossed the Yellow River.

    楚子北师次于郔,沈尹将中军,子重将左,子反将右,将饮马于河而归。闻晋师既济,王欲还,嬖人伍参欲战。令尹孙叔敖弗欲,曰:“昔岁入陈,今兹入郑,不无事矣。战而不捷,参之肉其足食乎?”参曰:“若事之捷,孙叔为无谋矣。不捷,参之肉将在晋军,可得食乎?”令尹南辕反旆,伍参言于王曰:“晋之従政者新,未能行令。其佐先縠刚愎不仁,未肯用命。其三帅者专行不获,听而无上,众谁适従?此行也,晋师必败。且君而逃臣,若社稷何?”王病之,告令尹,改乘辕而北之,次于管以待之。
Chu Zi's northern division was behind Zhen. Shen Yin commanded the center, Zi Zhong commanded the left, and Zi Fan commanded the right. They drank their horses in the river and returned. After hearing that Jin's troops were saved, the king wanted to return, and his lover Wu Shen wanted to fight. Ling Yin Sunshu Ao Fuyu said: "I entered Chen in the past years, and now I am entering Zheng. There is nothing wrong. If the battle is not successful, will the meat of ginseng be enough to eat?" Shen said: "If things are successful, uncle Sun will have no plan. If it is not quick, the meat of ginseng will be in the Jin army, can it be eaten?" He ordered Yin Nanyuan to turn around, and Wu Shen said to the king: " The new rulers of the Jin Dynasty failed to carry out orders. His assistant, Xianhu, was stubborn and unwilling to obey his orders. The three commanders were unwilling to obey, so who would be willing to do this? If the emperor fled, what would happen to the country?

    楚庄王率军北上,军队驻扎在郔地。沈尹率领中军,子重率领左军,子反率领右军,准备在黄河饮马以后就回国。听到晋国军队已经渡过黄河,楚庄王想要回去,宠臣伍参想打仗,令尹孙叔敖不想干,说:“往年进入陈国,今年进入郑国,不是没有战争。打起来以后不能得胜,吃了伍参的肉难道就够了吗?”伍参说:“如果作战得胜,孙叔就是没有谋略。不能得胜,参的肉将会在晋军那里,哪里还能吃得上呢?”令尹回车向南,倒转旌旗。伍参对楚庄王说:“晋国参政的是新人,不能行使命令。他的副手先縠刚愎不仁,不肯听从命令。他们的三个统帅,想要专权行事而不能办到。想要听从命令而没有上级,大军听从谁的命令?这一次,晋军一定失败。而且国君逃避臣下,国君怎能蒙受这耻辱?”楚庄王听了不高兴,告诉令尹把战车改而向北,楚军驻扎在管地等待晋军。
King Zhuang of Chu led his army northward, and the army was stationed in Xidi. Shen Yin led the middle army, Zizhong led the left army, and Zifan led the right army. They planned to return home after drinking horses in the Yellow River. Hearing that the Jin army had crossed the Yellow River, King Zhuang of Chu wanted to go back, and his favored minister Wu Shen wanted to fight. Yin Sunshu'ao didn't want to do it, and said: "In previous years, we entered Chen State, and this year we entered Zheng State. It's not without war. After fighting, we can't win. Is it enough to eat Wu Shen's meat? "Wu Shen said: "If the battle is won, Uncle Sun has no strategy. If he cannot win, the meat of Shen will be with the Jin army. Where can he eat it?" He ordered Yin to return to the south and turn the flag. Wu Shen said to King Zhuang of Chu: "The people in Jin's political affairs are newcomers and cannot exercise orders. His deputy Xian Ji is stubborn and unwilling to obey orders. Their three commanders want to act with authority but cannot. They want to obey orders but have no superiors. , Whose order does the army follow? This time, the Jin army will definitely fail. And the king is running away from his subordinates. How can the king suffer this humiliation?" King Zhuang of Chu was not happy and told Ling Yin to divert the chariot to the north, and the Chu army was stationed at the gate to wait for the Jin army.

    晋师在敖、鄗之间。郑皇戌使如晋师,曰:“郑之従楚,社稷之故也,未有贰心。楚师骤胜而骄,其师老矣,而不设备,子击之,郑师为承,楚师必败。”彘子曰:“败楚服郑,于此在矣,必许之。”栾武子曰:“楚自克庸以来,其君无日不讨国人而训之于民生之不易,祸至之无日,戒惧之不可以怠。在军,无日不讨军实而申儆之于胜之不可保,纣之百克,而卒无后。训以若敖、蚡冒,筚路蓝缕,以启山林。箴之曰:‘民生在勤,勤则不匮。’不可谓骄。先大夫子犯有言曰:‘师直为壮,曲为老。’我则不德,而徼怨于楚,我曲楚直,不可谓老。其君之戎,分为二广,广有一卒,卒偏之两。右广初驾,数及日中;左则受之,以至于昏。内官序当其夜,以待不虞,不可谓无备。子良,郑之良也。师叔,楚之崇也。师叔入盟,子良在楚,楚、郑亲矣。来劝我战,我克则来,不克遂往,以我卜也,郑不可従。”赵括、赵同曰:“率师以来,唯敌是求。克敌得属,又何矣?必従彘子。”知季曰:“原、屏,咎之徒也。”赵庄子曰:“栾伯善哉,实其言,必长晋国。”
The Jin division was between Ao and Hao. Zheng Huangxu sent an envoy to the Jin division, saying: "Zheng's favor with Chu is due to the state of the country, and he has no second intention. The Chu division suddenly won and became arrogant. His division was old and did not have the equipment. He attacked it, and Zheng division inherited it." , the Chu army will be defeated." Huzi said: "If Chu is defeated and surrenders to Zheng, he must do it." Luan Wuzi said: "Since the defeat of Yong, the king of Chu has not failed to punish the people of the country and teach him. The people's livelihood is not easy, and disasters will never come, so we must not be lazy. In the army, we must warn the army every day and it is impossible to win. If Ao and Fu are exposed, the road will be covered with blue threads to open up the mountains and forests. The proverb says: "People's livelihood depends on diligence, and diligence will not lead to poverty." I am not virtuous, but I am loyal to Chu, and I cannot be called old. The army of the king is divided into two broads, with one pawn in the broad area and two pawns in the middle. The good is in Chu, and Chu and Zheng are close to each other. If they come to persuade me to fight, they will come if they can't, and if they can't, then they will go. I can't predict it, so Zheng can't do it." Zhao Kuo and Zhao Tong said: "Since they have led their troops, they have been the only enemy. Seeking. What's the point of defeating the enemy? "Zhi Ji said: "Yuan Ping is a traitor." Zhao Zhuangzi said: "Luan Bo is good, and he will live in Jin Dynasty."

    晋国军队驻在敖、鄗两山之间。郑国的皇戌出使到晋军中,说:“郑国跟从楚国,是为了保存国家的缘故,对晋国并没有二心。楚军屡次得胜而骄傲,他们在外面已经很久了,又不设防御。您攻击他们,郑国的军队作为后继,楚军一定失败。”先縠说:“打败楚军,降服郑国,就在此一举了,一定要答应皇戌的请求。”栾书说:“楚国自从战胜庸国以来,楚国的国君没有一天不用不列的方式治理国内的人们:教训百姓生计的不容易、祸患不知哪天就会到来、戒备警惕不能放松。在军队里,没有一天不用这样的方式管理军官士兵,告诫军队:胜利的不能永远保有、纣得到一百次胜利而终究没有好结果。用若敖、蚡冒乘柴车、穿破衣开辟山林的事迹来教训他们。告诫说:‘百姓的生计在于勤劳,勤劳就不会匮乏。’这就不能说他们骄傲。先大夫子犯说过:‘出兵作战,理直就气壮,理亏就气衰。’我们所做的事情不合于道德,又和楚国结怨,我们理曲,楚国理直,这就不能说他们气衰。他们国君的战车分为左右二广,每广有战车一卒三十辆,每卒又分左右两偏。右广先套车,计算时间等到中午,左广就接替它,一直到晚上。左右近臣按次序值夜,以防备发生意外,这就不能说没有防备。子良,是郑国的杰出人物;师叔,是楚国地位崇高的人物。师叔进入郑国结盟,子良作为人质住在楚国,楚国和郑国是亲近的。他们来劝我们作战,我们战胜就来归服,不胜就去依靠楚国,这是用我们作为占卜!郑国的话不能听从。”赵括、赵同说:“领兵而来,就是为了寻找敌人。战胜敌人,得到属国,又等待什么?一定要听从彘子的话。”荀首说:“赵同、赵括的主意,是一条自取祸乱之道。”赵庄子说:“栾伯好啊!实践他的话,一定能使晋国长久。”
The Jin army was stationed between the Ao and Ha mountains. Huang Xu of the State of Zheng sent an envoy to the Jin army and said: "The State of Zheng follows the State of Chu for the sake of preserving the country, and has no second thoughts about the State of Jin. The Chu army is proud of its repeated victories. They have been outside for a long time and have no defense. You attack them, and Zheng's army will be your successor. , the Chu army will definitely fail." Xianyu said: "Defeat the Chu army and surrender to Zheng in one fell swoop. We must agree to Huang Xu's request." Luan Shu said: "Since Chu defeated Yong, the kings of Chu have not used the same method to govern the people in the country. Teach the people that life is not easy, disaster will come one day, and vigilance cannot be relaxed. In the army, there is no day when officers and soldiers are not managed in this way, and the army is warned: Victory cannot be retained forever, and Zhou won a hundred victories but in the end there was no good result. . Use the deeds of Ruoao and Fenmao to open up mountains and forests in rags. He warned them: "People's livelihood depends on hard work, and hard work will not lead to shortage." This cannot be said that they are arrogant when they send troops to fight. What we did was unethical, and we had a grudge against the Chu State. We were right and the Chu State was straight. This cannot be said to be bad. Their chariots were divided into two camps, each with thirty chariots. Each soldier was divided into the left and right chariots. After waiting until noon, Zuo Guang took over his duties until night. The ministers on the left and right stayed on duty in order to prevent any accidents. This cannot be said to be unprepared. Master Shishu was a high-ranking figure in the State of Chu and entered the Zheng State to form an alliance. Ziliang lives as a hostage in the State of Chu. The State of Chu and the State of Zheng are close. They come to persuade us to fight. If we win, we will surrender. If we fail, we will rely on the State of Chu. This is using us as a divination!" Zhao Kuo and Zhao Tong said: "The reason why they came here is to lead the army. In order to find the enemy, what are you waiting for when you defeat the enemy? "Xun Shou said: "Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo's idea is a way to bring disaster."

    楚少宰如晋师,曰:“寡君少遭闵凶,不能文。闻二先君之出入此行也,将郑是训定,岂敢求罪于晋。二三子无淹久。”随季对曰:“昔平王命我先君文侯曰:‘与郑夹辅周室,毋废王命。’今郑不率,寡君使群臣问诸郑,岂敢辱候人?敢拜君命之辱。”彘子以为谄,使赵括従而更之,曰:“行人失辞。寡君使群臣迁大国之迹于郑,曰:‘无辟敌。’群臣无所逃命。”
The young prime minister of Chu, like the master of Jin, said: "I have suffered from the evil of Min, and I can't write. I heard that the two ancestors came and went on this trip, and Zheng Shi was punished. How dare I blame Jin. The two and three sons have not been flooded for a long time." Sui Ji said to him: "In the past, King Ping ordered my ancestor Wenhou to say: 'Join Zheng to assist the Zhou Dynasty, and do not depose the king. "Now that Zheng is not following his lead, the ministers ask him, "How dare you humiliate me?" Zhao Kuo thought it was a disgrace, and said: "The ministers have no intention of running away from the enemy."

    楚国的少宰到晋军中去,说:“寡君年轻时就遭到忧患,不善于辞令。听到两位先君来往在这条道路上,就是打算教导和安定郑国,岂敢得罪晋国?您几位不要呆得太久了!”士会回答说:“以前周平王命令我们的先君晋文侯说:‘和郑国共同辅佐周王室,不要废弃天子的命令。’现在郑国不遵循天子的命令,寡君派遣下臣们质问郑国,岂敢劳动楚国官吏来迎送?恭敬地拜谢君王的命令。”先穀认为这是奉承楚国,派遣赵括跟上去更正说:“我们的临时代表的说法不恰当。寡君使臣下们把楚国从郑国迁出去,说:‘不要躲避敌人!’臣下们没有地方可以逃避命令。”
The young governor of the Chu State went to the Jin army and said, "I have been troubled in my youth and am not good at rhetoric. I heard that the two ancestors were traveling on this road, intending to teach and stabilize the Zheng State. How dare you offend the Jin State? Don't stay too long!" The scholars replied: "In the past, King Ping of Zhou ordered our ancestor Jin Wenhou to say: 'Work with Zheng Guo to assist the Zhou royal family, and do not abandon the emperor's order.' Now." When Zheng did not obey the emperor's order, he sent his ministers to question Zheng. How dare he come to greet the king's order?

    楚子又使求成于晋,晋人许之,盟有日矣。楚许伯御乐伯,摄叔为右,以致晋师,许伯曰:“吾闻致师者,御靡旌摩垒而还。”乐伯曰:“吾闻致师者,左射以菆,代御执辔,御下两马,掉鞅而还。”摄叔曰:“吾闻致师者,右入垒,折馘,执俘而还。”皆行其所闻而复。晋人逐之,左右角之。乐伯左射马而右射人,角不能进,矢一而已。麋兴于前,射麋丽龟。晋鲍癸当其后,使摄叔奉麋献焉,曰:“以岁之非时,献禽之未至,敢膳诸従者。”鲍癸止之,曰:“其左善射,其右有辞,君子也。”既免。
Chuzi also sent an envoy to seek success in Jin, and the people of Jin promised it, and the alliance would last for some time. Xu Bo of Chu was in charge of Yue Bo, and Uncle She was on the right, leading to the Jin army. Xu Bo said: "I heard that the teacher was on the right, and Yu Mijing mounted the barrier and returned." Le Bo said: "I heard that the teacher was on the left, shot with a bow, held the bridle on behalf of the emperor, dismounted two horses, dropped the martingale, and returned." Uncle She said: "I heard that the teacher was on the right, entered the base on the right, folded the food, held the prisoner, and returned." They all did what they heard and returned. The Jin people chased them and cornered them on the left and right. Le Bo shot the horse with his left hand and the man with his right hand. The angles could not enter, and the arrow was just one. The elk is rising in front, shooting the elk and the turtle. When Bao Gui of the Jin Dynasty came after him, he sent Uncle Photographer to offer the elk to Yan, saying: "Because of the wrong time of the year, the offering of poultry has not yet arrived, and those who dare to eat all kinds of food." Bao Gui stopped him and said: "He is good at shooting on the left, and he is good at speaking on the right, so he is a gentleman." He was exempted.

    楚庄王又派使者向晋国求和,晋国人答应了,已约定了结盟的日期。楚国的许伯替乐伯驾御战车,摄叔作为车右,向晋军单车挑战。许伯说:“我听说单车挑战,驾车人疾驰而使旌旗斜倒,迫近敌营,然后回来。”乐伯说:“我听说单车挑战,车左用利箭射敌,代替御者执掌马缰,驾车人下车,整齐马匹,整理好马脖子上的皮带,然后回来。”摄叔说:“我听说单车挑战,车右进入敌营,杀死敌人割取左耳、抓住俘虏,然后回来。”这三个人都按照自己所听到的完成了任务,而后回来。晋国人追赶他们,左右两面夹攻。乐伯左边射马,右边射人,使晋军左右翼不能前进。箭只剩下一枝。有麋鹿出现在前面,乐伯射麋鹿正中背部。晋国的鲍癸正在后面,乐伯让摄叔拿着麋鹿献给他,说:“由于今年还不到时令,应当奉献的禽兽没有来,谨把它奉献给您的随从作为膳食。”鲍癸阻止部下,不再追赶,说:“他们的车左善于射箭,车右善于辞令,都是君子啊。”因此许伯等三人都免于被俘。
King Zhuang of Chu sent another envoy to the Jin State to seek peace. The Jin people agreed and agreed on a date for the alliance. Xu Bo of Chu State drove the chariot for Le Bo, and Uncle She was on the right side of the chariot, challenging the Jin army on a bicycle. Xu Bo said: "I heard about the challenge on a bicycle. The driver galloped and tilted the flag, approached the enemy camp, and then came back." Lebo said: "I heard about the challenge on a bicycle. The left side of the car shot the enemy with sharp arrows, and took the reins of the horse instead of the charioteer. The driver got off the car, neatly groomed the horses, and Put a belt around the horse's neck, and then come back." Uncle She said, "I heard that the bicycle challenge was to enter the enemy camp on the right side, kill the enemy, cut off the left ear, capture the prisoner, and then come back." The three men all completed the task according to what they heard, and then came back. The Jin people pursued them, attacking from both sides. Le Bo shot horses on his left and people on his right, preventing the Jin army from advancing on its left and right flanks. There was only one arrow left. An elk appeared in front, and Loeb shot the elk in the middle of the back. Bao Gui of the Jin Kingdom was behind, and Le Bo asked Uncle Photographer to bring an elk to him and offer it to him, saying: "Since it is not yet in season this year, the animal that should be sacrificed has not come, so I would like to dedicate it to your entourage as a meal." Bao Gui stopped his men and stopped chasing, saying: "Their chariot on the left is good at archery, and the chariot on the right is good at rhetoric. They are all gentlemen." Therefore, Xu Bo and other three people were saved from being captured.

    晋魏锜(qí)求公族未得,而怒,欲败晋师。请致师,弗许。请使,许之。遂往,请战而还。楚潘党逐之,及荧泽,见六麋,射一麋以顾献曰:“子有军事,兽人无乃不给于鲜,敢献于従者。”叔党命去之。赵旃求卿未得,且怒于失楚之致师者。请挑战,弗许。请召盟。许之。与魏锜皆命而往。郤献子曰:“二憾往矣,弗备必败。”彘子曰:“郑人劝战,弗敢従也。楚人求成,弗能好也。师无成命,多备何为。”士季曰:“备之善。若二子怒楚,楚人乘我,丧师无日矣。不如备之。楚之无恶,除备而盟,何损于好?若以恶来,有备不败。且虽诸侯相见,军卫不彻,警也。”彘子不可。
In the Jin and Wei Dynasties, Qi (qí) asked for a royal family but failed to get it, so he became angry and wanted to defeat the Jin army. Please give this to my teacher, Fush. Please give me permission. Then he went, asked to fight and returned. Chu Pan's party chased him, and when he came to Yingze, he saw six moose. He shot one elk and offered it to Gu Xian, saying: "You have military skills, and the orcs will not give them to you. Anyone who dares to offer them to you." Uncle Dang ordered him to go. Zhao Zhan asked for help but failed, and was angry at the person who had lost the master of Chu. Please challenge, Fush. Please call for an alliance. Promise. He and Wei Qi both ordered to leave. But Xianzi said: "The two regrets are gone. If you don't prepare, you will be defeated." Pigeonzi said: "The people of Zheng persuaded you to fight, but you dare not hesitate. The people of Chu want success, but they can't be good. If the teacher has no destiny, what is the use of being more prepared." Shiji said: "Preparation is good. If the two sons I am angry with Chu, and I will lose my troops. It is better to prepare for it. If there is no evil in Chu, what harm will it do to make an alliance? If the enemy is prepared, he will not be defeated.

    晋国的魏锜请求做公族大夫,没有达到目的,因而发怒,想要使晋军失败。请求单车挑战,没有得到允许。请求出使,允许了。于是就去到楚军中,请战以后而回国。楚国的潘党追赶他,到达荧泽,魏锜看到六只麋鹿,就射死一只,回车献给潘党,说:“您有军事在身,打猎的人恐怕不能供给新鲜的野兽吧?谨以此奉献给您的随从人员。”潘党下令不再追赶魏锜。赵旃请求做卿没有达到目的,而且对于失掉楚国单车挑战的人很生气,就请求挑战,没有得到允许。请求召请楚国人前来结盟,允许了。赵旃和魏锜都接受命令而前去。郤克说:“这两个心怀不满的人去了,不加防备,必然失败。”先縠说:“郑国人劝我们作战,不敢听从;楚国人求和,又不能实行友好。带兵没有固定的策略,多加防备做什么?”士会说:“防备他们为好。如果这两位激怒了楚国,楚国人乘机掩袭,马上可以丧失军队。不如防备他们,楚国人没有恶意,撤除戒备而结盟,哪里会损害友好?如果带着恶意而来,有了防备,不会失败。而且即使是诸侯相见,军队的守备也不加撤除,这就是警惕。”先縠不同意。
Wei Qi of the Jin State requested to be a public official, but failed to achieve his goal, so he became angry and wanted to defeat the Jin army. Requested a cycling challenge but was not allowed. Requested a mission and was granted permission. So he went to the Chu army, asked for a fight, and then returned home. Pan Dang of Chu State chased him and arrived at Yingze. When Wei Qi saw six elk, he shot one to death, returned to the car and dedicated it to Pan Dang, saying: "You have a military presence, and the hunters may not be able to provide fresh beasts, right? I would like to dedicate this to your entourage." Pan Dang ordered not to pursue Wei Qi anymore. Zhao Zhan's request to be a minister failed to achieve his goal, and he was very angry at the people who had lost the Chu State Bicycle Challenge, so he asked for the challenge, but was not allowed. He asked to invite the people of Chu to come and form an alliance, and he agreed. Zhao Zhan and Wei Qi both accepted the order and went. Chuke said: "These two dissatisfied people have gone. If we are not prepared, we will definitely fail." Xianyu said: "The people of Zheng advise us to fight, but they dare not listen; the people of Chu are asking for peace, but they cannot be friendly. There is no fixed strategy for leading the army, so why should we be more prepared?" The scholars said: "It is better to be on guard against them. If these two people anger the Chu state, If the Chu people take the opportunity to attack, they will lose their troops immediately. It is better to guard against them. If the Chu people have no ill intentions and withdraw their guard and form an alliance, how can they harm the friendship?

    士季使巩朔、韩穿帅七覆于敖前,故上军不败。赵婴齐使其徒先具舟于河,故败而先济。
Shi Ji sent Gong Shuo and Han Chuanshuai seven times to cover up in front of Ao, so the army was undefeated. Zhao Yingqi sent his disciples to the river first, so they were defeated and saved first.

    士会派遣巩朔、韩穿率领七队伏兵埋伏在敖山之前,所以上军不败。赵婴齐派遣他的部下先在黄河准备了船只,所以战败以后就渡过河去了。
The Shihui sent Gong Shuo and Han Chuan to lead seven groups of ambush troops to ambush in front of Aoshan, so the upper army was undefeated. Zhao Yingqi sent his men to prepare boats in the Yellow River first, so they crossed the river after the defeat.

    潘党既逐魏锜,赵旃夜至于楚军,席于军门之外,使其徒入之。楚子为乘广三十乘,分为左右。右广鸡鸣而驾,日中而说。左则受之,日入而说。许偃御右广,养由基为右。彭名御左广,屈荡为右。乙卯,王乘左广以逐赵旃。赵旃弃车而走林,屈荡搏之,得其甲裳。晋人惧二子之怒楚师也,使軘车逆之。潘党望其尘,使聘而告曰:“晋师至矣。”楚人亦惧王之入晋军也,遂出陈。孙叔曰:“进之。宁我薄人,无人薄我。《诗》云:‘元戎十乘,以先启行。’先人也。《军志》曰:‘先人有夺人之心’。薄之也。”遂疾进师,车驰卒奔,乘晋军。桓子不知所为,鼓于军中曰:“先济者有赏。”中军、下军争舟,舟中之指可掬也。
After Pan Dang drove Wei Qi away, Zhao Zhan went to the Chu army at night and sat outside the army gate to let his followers in. Chu Zi was divided into thirty chariots and left and right chariots. You Guang, a cock crows and rides, and the sun speaks. The left side accepts it, and the sun enters and talks about it. Xu Yan was in charge of You Guang, and Yang Youji was on the right. Peng Mingyu was on the left and Guang was on the right, Qu Dang was on the right. On Yimao, Wang took Zuoguang to drive away Zhao Zhan. Zhao Zhan abandoned his car and walked into the forest. He fought with him and got his armor and clothes. The people of Jin were afraid of the Chu Master's anger from the two sons, so they sent their chariots against him. Pan Dang looked at him and sent his envoy to tell him, "The Jin army has arrived." The people of Chu were also afraid that the king would join the Jin army, so they left Chen. Sun Shu said: "Go forward. I would rather treat others less than others. "Poetry" says: 'The Yuan Rong has ten vehicles, and they will start the journey first.' The ancestors. "Military Chronicles" said: 'The ancestors had the heart to seize others.' It's also a matter of thinness." Then he rushed into the division, the chariots galloped, and the troops rode on the Jin army. Huanzi didn't know what he was doing, so he shouted in the army: "The one who helps first will be rewarded." The middle army and the lower army were fighting for a boat, and there were fingers in the boat that could be held.

    潘党已经赶走了魏锜,赵旃在夜里达到楚军驻地,铺开席子坐在军门的外面,派遣他的部下先进军门。楚庄王的战车一广三十辆,共分为左右两广。右广在早晨鸡叫的时候套车,太阳到了中天才卸车;左广就接替右广,太阳落山才卸车。许偃驾御右广的指挥车,养由基作为车右;彭名驾御左广的指挥车,屈荡作为车右。六月十四日,楚庄王乘坐左广的指挥车,以追赶赵旃。赵旃丢掉车子跑进树林里,屈荡和他搏斗,获得了他的铠甲和下衣。晋国人害怕这两个人激怒楚军,让驻守的兵车前来接他们。潘党远望飞起来的尘土,派战车奔驰报告说:“晋国的军队来了。”楚国人也害怕楚庄王陷入晋军中,就出兵迎战。孙叔敖说:“前进!宁可我们迫近敌人,不要让敌人迫近我们。《诗》说:‘大兵车十辆,冲在前面开道’,这是要抢在敌人的前面。《军志》说:‘抢在敌人前面,可以夺去敌人的斗志。’这是要主动迫近敌人。”于是就很快地进军,战车奔驰、士卒奔跑,围攻晋军。荀林父不知所措,在军中击鼓宣布说:“先过河的有赏。”中军、下军互相争夺船只,争先恐后,先上船的人用刀砍断后来者攀着船舷的手指,船中砍断的指头多得可以用手捧起来。
Pan Dang had already driven away Wei Qi, and Zhao Zhan arrived at the Chu army's garrison at night, spread out mats and sat outside the military gate, and sent his men to advance through the military gate. King Chuzhuang's chariots were divided into two parts: left and right. You Guang set up the cart when the rooster crows in the morning and unloads the cart when the sun reaches noon; Zuo Guang takes over from You Guang and unloads the cart after sunset. Xu Yan drove You Guang's command car, with Yang Youji on the right; Peng Ming drove Zuo Guang's command car, with Qu Dang on the right. On June 14, King Zhuang of Chu took Zuo Guang's command car to chase Zhao Zhan. Zhao Zhan abandoned his car and ran into the woods. Qu Dang fought with him and obtained his armor and lower garments. The Jin people were afraid that these two men would anger the Chu army, so they sent the garrisoned chariots to pick them up. Pan Dang looked at the flying dust from a distance and sent a chariot to report: "The army of Jin is coming." The people of Chu were also afraid that King Zhuang of Chu would fall into the Jin army, so they sent troops to fight. Sun Shuao said: "Move forward! It is better for us to approach the enemy than to let the enemy approach us. "Poetry" says: "Ten large military vehicles rush ahead to clear the way." This is to get ahead of the enemy. "Military Chronicles" says: "Getting ahead of the enemy can take away the enemy's fighting spirit." This is to take the initiative to approach the enemy." So they marched quickly, with chariots galloping and soldiers running, besieging the Jin army. Xun Lin's father was at a loss and announced in the army: "Whoever crosses the river first will be rewarded." The middle army and the lower army competed with each other for the boat. The person who got on the boat first used a knife to cut off the fingers of the latter who were clinging to the side of the boat. There were so many chopped off fingers in the boat that they could be held in one hand.

    晋师右移,上军未动。工尹齐将右拒卒以逐下军。楚子使唐狡与蔡鸠居告唐惠侯曰:“不谷不德而贪,以遇大敌,不谷之罪也。然楚不克,君之羞也,敢藉君灵以济楚师。”使潘党率游阙四十乘,従唐侯以为左拒,以従上军。驹伯曰:“待诸乎?”随季曰:“楚师方壮,若萃于我,吾师必尽,不如收而去之。分谤生民,不亦可乎?”殿其卒而退,不败。
The Jin army moved to the right, but the upper army did not move. General Gong Yin Qi refused to attack the troops on the right and drove off the army. Chuzi sent Tang Qiao and Cai Jiuju to sue Tang Huihou: "If you are greedy without grain, you will meet a powerful enemy. It is a crime not to grain. However, if Chu cannot defeat it, it is shameful for the king to dare to borrow the emperor's spirit to help the Chu army." He sent Pan Dang to lead a tour of Que forty times, and the Tang Hou thought that he was rejecting the left and wanted to go up to the army. Ju Bo asked, "What are you waiting for?" Sui Ji said, "The army of Chu is strong. If they catch up with me, our army will be exhausted. It is better to take them away. Isn't it okay to slander the living people?" The soldiers of the palace retreated undefeated.

    晋军向右转移,上军没有动。工尹齐率领右方阵的士兵,以追逐晋国的下军。楚庄王派唐狡和蔡鸠居报告唐惠侯说:“我无德而贪功,而又遭遇强大的敌人,这是我的罪过。楚国如果不能得胜,这也是君王的羞耻。谨借重君王的福佑,以帮助楚军成功。”派遣潘党率领后备的战车四十辆,跟随唐侯作为左方阵,以迎战晋国的上军。驹伯说:“抵御他们吗?”士会说:“楚军的士气正旺盛,如果楚军集中兵力对付我们的上军,我们的军队必然被消灭,不如收兵离开。分担战败的指责,保全士兵的生命,不也是可以的吗?”就亲自作为上军的后殿而退兵,因此没有被打败。
The Jin army moved to the right, but the upper army did not move. Gong Yinqi led the soldiers in the right square to chase the lower army of Jin. The king of Chuzhuang sent Tang Qiao and Cai Jiuju to report to Tang Huihou: "I am immoral and greedy for merit, and I encountered a powerful enemy. This is my crime. If Chu cannot win, it will be a shame for the king. I would like to borrow the king's blessing to help the Chu army succeed." Pan Dang was sent to lead forty reserve chariots to follow Tang Hou as a left square formation to face the Jin army. Ju Bo asked: "Resist them?" Shihui said: "The morale of the Chu army is strong. If the Chu army concentrates its forces against our superior army, our army will definitely be destroyed. It is better to withdraw our troops and leave. Isn't it okay to share the blame for the defeat and save the lives of the soldiers?" He personally served as the apse of the superior army and withdrew, so he was not defeated.

    王见右广,将従之乘。屈荡尸之,曰:“君以此始,亦必以终。”自是楚之乘广先左。
When the king saw You Guang, he took advantage of it. Qu swung the corpse and said: "This is how you start, and you will also end with it." Since Chu took advantage of Guang, he took the lead to the left.

    楚庄王见到右广,准备乘坐。屈荡阻止说:“君王乘坐左广开始作战,也一定要乘坐它结束战争。”从此楚国的乘广改以左广为先。
King Zhuang of Chu saw You Guang and prepared to ride on him. Qu Dang stopped him and said: "The king started the war in Zuo Guang, and he must also use it to end the war." From then on, the Chu State's Cheng Guang was changed to Zuo Guang first.

    晋人或以广队不能进,楚人惎(jì)之脱扃(jiōng,门闩),少进,马还,又惎之拔旆投衡,乃出。顾曰:“吾不如大国之数奔也。”
The Jin people may not be able to advance with the Guang team, but the Chu people take off their jiōng (door bolts) with jì, and if they advance less, their horses will return, and they will pull them out and throw them to the balance, and then come out. Gu said: "I am not as good as a great country."

    晋国人有战车陷在坑里不能前进,楚国人教他们抽出车前横木,没走多远,马盘旋不能前进,楚国人又教他们拔掉大旗,扔掉车辕头上的横木,这样才逃了出去。晋军转过头来说:“我们可不像大国的人有多次逃跑的经验。”
The Jin people had a chariot stuck in a pit and could not move forward. The Chu people taught them to pull out the crossbar in front of the chariot. Before they could go far, the horses were circling and unable to move forward. The Chu people also taught them to pull out the flag and throw away the crossbar on the shaft of the chariot, so that they could escape. The Jin army turned around and said, "We are not like people from big countries who have the experience of escaping many times."

    赵旃以其良马二,济其兄与叔父,以他马反,遇敌不能去,弃车而走林。逢大夫与其二子乘,谓其二子无顾。顾曰:“赵傁(sǒu)在后。”怒之,使下,指木曰:“尸女于是。”授赵旃绥,以免。明日以表尸之,皆重获在木下。
Zhao Zhan used his two good horses to help his brother and uncle, but he used his other horses to rebel. He could not go when he encountered the enemy, so he abandoned the chariot and walked into the forest. Whenever a doctor rides with his two sons, he says that his two sons are careless. Gu said: "Zhao Zhan (sǒu) is behind." Angry, he sent his messenger down, pointed at the wood and said: "The corpse girl is here." Give Zhao Zhansui to avoid it. Tomorrow I will show off the corpses, and they will all be found under the tree.

    赵旃用他的好马两匹帮助他的哥哥和叔父逃跑,而用其他的马驾车回来。碰上敌人不能逃脱,就丢弃车子跑到树林里。逢大夫和他两个儿子坐在车上,对他两个儿子说:“不要回头去望。”儿子回头去望说:“赵老头在后边。”逢大夫发怒,让他们下车,指着树木说:“在这里收你们的尸首。”逢大夫就把缰绳交给了赵旃,赵旃登上战车得以逃脱。第二天,按照标志前去收尸,在树下得到了两个叠压的尸首。
Zhao Zhan used two of his good horses to help his brother and uncle escape, and used other horses to drive back. When he encountered an enemy and couldn't escape, he abandoned the car and ran into the woods. Doctor Feng and his two sons were sitting in the car and said to his two sons, "Don't look back." The son looked back and said, "Old man Zhao is behind." Doctor Feng got angry and asked them to get out of the car. He pointed at the trees and said, "Collect your bodies here." Doctor Feng handed the reins to Zhao Zhan, and Zhao Zhan boarded the chariot and escaped. The next day, I followed the signs to collect the corpses and found two stacked corpses under the tree.

    楚熊负羁囚知罃。知庄子以其族反之,厨武子御,下军之士多従之。每射,抽矢,菆,纳诸厨子之房。厨子怒曰:“非子之求而蒲之爱,董泽之蒲,可胜既乎?”知季曰:“不以人子,吾子其可得乎?吾不可以苟射故也。”射连尹襄老,获之,遂载其尸。射公子谷臣,囚之。以二者还。
Chu Xiong was imprisoned and imprisoned Zhifeng. It is known that Zhuangzi counterattacked with his clan, and the chefs and warriors were in charge, and many soldiers in the army followed him. Every time he shoots, he pulls out arrows, and takes them to the cook's room. The cook said angrily: "It is not the son's request but the love of Pu, Dong Ze's Pu, can it be defeated?" Zhiji said: "If it is not the son of a man, how can my son get it? I can't shoot alone." Shooting the old Yin Xiang, captured it, and carried his body. Shoot the young master Gu Chen and imprison him. Give both in return.

    楚国的熊负羁囚禁了知罃,荀首率领他的部属回来战斗,魏锜驾御战车,下军的士兵大多跟着回来。荀首每次发射,抽箭,如果是利箭,就放在魏锜的箭袋里。魏锜发怒说:“不去寻找儿子,反而爱惜蒲柳,董泽的蒲柳,难道可以用得完吗?”荀首说:“不得到别人的儿子,我的儿子难道可以得到吗?利箭我是不能随便射出去的。”荀首射中了连尹襄老,得到他的尸首,就用战车装上;射中公子谷臣,把他囚禁起来。荀首带了这两个人回去。
Xiong Fuji of Chu State imprisoned Zhi Feng. Chief Xun led his subordinates back to fight. Wei Qi drove the chariot, and most of the soldiers from the lower army followed. Every time Xun Shou fired, he would draw an arrow. If it was a sharp arrow, he would put it in Wei Qi's quiver. Wei Qi was angry and said, "Instead of looking for my son, I cherish the Pu Liu. Can Dong Ze's Pu Liu be used up?" Xun Shou said, "If you don't get other people's sons, how can I get my son? I can't just shoot sharp arrows." Xun Shou took these two people back.

    及昏,楚师军于邲,晋之余师不能军,宵济,亦终夜有声。
At dusk, Chu's army was at Bi, and the rest of Jin's army was unable to fight. There was a sound all night long at night.

    到黄昏时,楚军驻扎在邲地,晋国剩余的士兵已经溃不成军,夜里渡河,喧吵了一整夜。
By dusk, the Chu army was stationed in Bi, and the remaining Jin soldiers had been routed. They crossed the river at night and made noise all night long.

    丙辰,楚重至于邲,遂次于衡雍。潘党曰:“君盍筑武军,而收晋尸以为京观。臣闻克敌必示子孙,以无忘武功。”楚子曰:“非尔所知也。夫文,止戈为武。武王克商。作《颂》曰:‘载戢干戈,载櫜弓矢。我求懿德,肆于时夏,允王保之。’又作《武》,其卒章曰‘耆定尔功’。其三曰:‘铺时绎思,我徂求定。’其六曰:‘绥万邦,屡丰年。’夫武,禁暴、戢兵、保大、定功、安民、和众、丰财者也。故使子孙无忘其章。今我使二国暴骨,暴矣;观兵以威诸侯,兵不戢矣。暴而不戢,安能保大?犹有晋在,焉得定功?所违民欲犹多,民何安焉?无德而强争诸侯,何以和众?利人之几,而安人之乱,以为己荣,何以丰财?武有七德,我无一焉,何以示子孙?其为先君宫,告成事而已。武非吾功也。古者明王伐不敬,取其鲸鲵而封之,以为大戮,于是乎有京观,以惩淫慝。今罪无所,而民皆尽忠以死君命,又可以为京观乎?”祀于河,作先君宫,告成事而还。
In Bingchen, Chu Zhong came to Bi, and then he was second to Hengyong. Pan Dang said: "The king built a military army and collected the corpses of the Jin Dynasty to watch in the capital. When I heard that I defeated the enemy, I will show it to my descendants so that I will not forget my martial arts." Chuzi said: "I don't know what you know. My husband's text is to stop the war with martial arts. King Wu defeated the merchants. The "Ode" said: "Zai Ji fights the war, and carries the bow and arrow. I ask for virtue, and I will do it in the summer, and I allow the king to protect it. ’ Also written in “Martial Arts,” the third chapter says: “When I think about it, I seek to determine it.” The sixth chapter says: “Sui Wanguo will have many good years.” Wu is the one who prohibits violence, controls the army, secures success, calms the people, and brings wealth. Therefore, my descendants will not forget this chapter. Now I will make the two countries violent. Observe the troops to threaten the princes, and if they are not defeated, how can they achieve success even if Jin is still there? How can the people be peaceful if they have no virtue and forcefully fight against the princes? How can I gain wealth by benefiting others but only by suppressing them? Descendants? It is the palace of the ancestor. It is not my merit. In ancient times, the king of Ming Dynasty attacked and sealed the whale salamander and thought it was a big slaughter. So there is no crime, and the people are loyal to the emperor. How can it be worshiped in the river and be used as the palace of the ancestor?

    六月十五日,楚军的辎重到达邲地,军队就驻扎在衡雍。潘党说:“君王何不建筑起军营显示武功,收集晋国人的尸首建立一个大坟堆?下臣听说战胜了敌人一定要有纪念物给子孙看,表示不忘记武功。”楚庄王说:这不是你所知道的。说到文字,止戈二字合起来是个武字。武王战胜商朝,作《周颂》说:“收拾干戈,包藏弓箭。我追求那美德,陈于这《夏》乐之中,成就王业而保有天下。”又作《武》篇,它的最后一章说:“得以巩固你的功业。”《周颂》的第三章说:“布陈先王的美德而加以发扬,我前去征讨只是为了求得安定。”它的第六章说:“安定万邦,常有丰年。”武功,是用来禁止强暴、消灭战争、保持强大、巩固功业、安定百姓、调和大众、丰富财物的,所以要让子孙不要忘记他的大功。现在我让两国士兵暴露尸骨,这是强暴了;显耀武力以使诸侯畏惧,战争不能消灭了;强暴而不消灭战争,哪里能够保持强大?还有晋国存在,如何能够巩固功业?所违背百姓的愿望还很多,百姓如何能够安定?没有德行而勉强和诸侯相争,用什么调和大众?乘别人之危作为自己的利益,趁人之乱作为自己的安定,如何能丰富财物?武功具有七种美德,我对晋国用兵却没有一项美德,用什么来昭示子孙后代?还是为楚国的先君修建宗庙,把成功的事祭告先君罢了。用武不是我追求的功业。古代圣明的君王征伐对上不恭敬的国家,抓住它的罪魁祸首杀掉埋葬,作为一次大杀戮,这样才有了京观以惩戒罪恶。现在并不能明确指出晋国的罪恶在哪里,士卒都尽忠为执行国君的命令而死,又难道能建造京观来惩戒吗?楚庄王说完,就在黄河边上祭祀了河神,修建了先君的神庙,报告战争胜利,然后回国。
On June 15, the Chu army's baggage arrived in Bi, and the army was stationed at Hengyong. Pan Dang said: "Why don't the king build a military camp to show his martial arts and collect the corpses of Jin people to build a big tomb? I heard that after defeating the enemy, you must have a souvenir for your descendants to show that you will not forget your martial arts." King Zhuang of Chu said: This is not what you know. Speaking of words, the two characters Zhige combined together form the character Wu. King Wu defeated the Shang Dynasty and wrote "Zhou Song": "Put away the war and hide the bow and arrow. I pursue that virtue and display it in the music of "Xia" to achieve the king's career and preserve the world." He also wrote the "Wu" chapter, and its last chapter said: "Consolidate your achievements." The third chapter of "Zhou Song" said: "Publish the virtues of the late kings And to carry it forward, I went to conquer just to seek stability." Chapter 6 of it says: "To stabilize all nations, there will always be good harvests." Martial arts are used to prohibit violence, eliminate war, maintain strength, consolidate achievements, stabilize the people, harmonize the masses, and enrich wealth, so let future generations not forget his great achievements. Now I expose the corpses of the soldiers of the two countries, which is rape; show off force to make the princes fearful, and war cannot be eliminated; rape without eliminating war, how can we remain strong? With the existence of Jin State, how can we consolidate our achievements? There are still many people's wishes that have been violated. How can the people be stable? If you have no virtue and struggle to fight with the princes, how can you reconcile the masses? How can you enrich your wealth by taking advantage of others' dangers for your own benefit, and taking advantage of others' chaos for your own stability? There are seven virtues in martial arts, but I don't have one virtue in using troops against the Jin State. What can I use to show it to future generations? It is better to build an ancestral temple for the ancestors of Chu State and tell the ancestors about their success. Using force is not the career I pursue. In ancient times, sage kings conquered disrespectful countries, captured the culprits, killed and buried them as a mass killing, so that the capital was established to punish evildoers. Now it is not possible to clearly point out where the evil of the Jin State lies. The soldiers all died loyally to carry out the orders of the king. How can a Jingguan be built to punish them? After King Chuzhuang finished speaking, he worshiped the river god on the bank of the Yellow River, built the temple of his ancestors, reported the victory of the war, and then returned home.

    是役也,郑石制实入楚师,将以分郑而立公子鱼臣。辛未,郑杀仆叔子服。君子曰:“史佚所谓毋怙乱者,谓是类也。《诗》曰:‘乱离瘼(mò,病,疾苦)矣,爰其适归?’归于怙乱者也夫。”
At this time of war, Zheng Shizhi actually entered the Chu army. He will divide Zheng and establish the son Yuchen. In Xinwei, Zheng killed his servant uncle and served him. The gentleman said: "Historical records say that those who are not in trouble are of this type. "Poetry" says: 'Chaos is separated from the disease (mò, disease, suffering), how can it be suitable for Yuan to return?' Those who are in trouble are also husbands."

    这次战役,是郑国的石制把楚国军队引进来的,企图分割郑国,并且立公子鱼臣为国君。七月二十九日,郑国人杀死了鱼臣和石制。君子说:“史佚所谓‘不要依仗动乱’,说的就是这一类人,《诗》说:‘动乱离散是那么厉害,有哪里可以归宿’?这是归罪于靠动乱来谋私利的人吧!”
In this battle, the stone system of Zheng State introduced the Chu army in an attempt to divide Zheng State and establish the prince Yuchen as the king. On July 29, the people of Zheng killed Yuchen and Shizhi. Gentleman said: "Shi Yi's saying, 'Don't rely on turmoil,' is talking about this kind of people. "Poetry" says: 'The turmoil and dispersion are so great, where can I find a home?' This should be blamed on those who rely on turmoil for personal gain!"

    郑伯、许男如楚。
Uncle Zheng and Xu Nan are like Chu.

    郑襄公、许昭公去到楚国。
Zheng Xianggong and Xu Zhaogong went to Chu State.

    秋,晋师归,桓子请死,晋侯欲许之。士贞子谏曰:“不可。城濮之役,晋师三日谷,文公犹有忧色。左右曰:‘有喜而忧,如有忧而喜乎?’公曰:‘得臣犹在,忧未歇也。困兽犹斗,况国相乎!’及楚杀子玉,公喜而后可知也,曰:‘莫余毒也已。’是晋再克而楚再败也。楚是以再世不竞。今天或者大警晋也,而又杀林父以重楚胜,其无乃久不竞乎?林父之事君也,进思尽忠,退思补过,社稷之卫也,若之何杀之?夫其败也,如日月之食焉,何损于明?”晋侯使复其位。
In autumn, when the Jin army returned, Huanzi asked for his death, and the Marquis of Jin wanted to accept it. Shi Zhenzi remonstrated, "No. During the Battle of Chengpu, during the Three Days Valley of the Jin Army, Duke Wen still looked worried. He said to the left and right: 'When you are happy, you are worried, how about being happy when you are worried?'" The Duke said: "The minister is still here, and the worry has not stopped. The trapped beasts are still fighting, how about the state!" When Chu killed Ziyu, the Duke was happy and knew it later, saying: "There is no more poison." This is the Jin Dynasty. If Chu is defeated again, he will not compete again. Today, if he kills Jin, he will not compete for a long time. Lin's father is loyal to the king and wants to make up for his mistakes. If he is defeated, how can he be harmed by the eclipse of the sun and the moon?

    秋季,晋国军队回国,荀林父自己请求处以死罪,晋景公打算答应他。士贞子劝谏说:“不行,城濮那一次战役,晋军三天吃着楚军留下的粮食,文公还面带忧色。左右的人说:‘有了喜事而忧愁,如果有了忧事反倒喜悦吗?’文公说:‘得臣还在,忧愁还不能算完结。被困的野兽还要争斗一下,何况是一国的宰相呢?’等到楚国杀了得臣,文公便喜形于色,说:‘没有人来同我作对了。’这是晋国的再次胜利,也是楚国的再次失败,楚国由此两世都不能强盛。现在上天或者是要大大地警戒晋国,但又杀了荀林父以增加楚国的胜利,这恐怕会使晋国好久还不能强盛的吧?荀林父的事奉国君,进,想着竭尽忠诚,退,想着弥补过错,是捍卫国家的人,怎么能杀他?他的失败,如同日蚀月蚀,怎么会损害日月的光明?”晋景公就命令荀林父官复原位。
In the autumn, when the Jin army returned home, Xun Lin's father himself requested the death penalty, and Jin Jinggong planned to agree to it. Shi Zhenzi advised: "No, in the battle at Chengpu, when the Jin army ate the food left by the Chu army for three days, Duke Wen still looked worried. People around him said: 'When something is happy, you are sad. If there is something sad, you are happy?'" Duke Wen said, "Yes." The minister is still here, and the sorrow is not over yet. The trapped beasts still have to fight, let alone the prime minister of a country. When Chu killed the minister, Duke Wen was overjoyed and said, "No one will come against me." This was another victory for Jin. , was another failure of the Chu State, and the Chu State would not be able to be strong for two generations. Now God may be giving a serious warning to the Jin State, but Xun Lin's father was killed to increase the Chu State's victory. This may make the Jin State unable to be strong for a long time, right? He is a person who serves the king, wants to be loyal, and wants to make up for his mistakes. He is a person who defends the country. How can he be killed? His failure is like an eclipse of the sun and the moon, how can it damage the light of the sun and the moon?" Jin Jinggong ordered Xun Lin's father to return to his original position.

    冬,楚子伐萧,宋华椒以蔡人救萧。萧人囚熊相宜僚及公子丙。王曰:“勿杀,吾退。”萧人杀之。王怒,遂围萧。萧溃。申公巫臣曰:“师人多寒。”王巡三军,拊而勉之。三军之士,皆如挟纩。遂傅于萧。还无社与司马卯言,号申叔展。叔展曰:“有麦曲乎?”曰:“无”。“有山鞠穷乎?”曰:“无”。“河鱼腹疾奈何?”曰:“目于眢(yuān,枯井)井而拯之。”“若为茅绖,哭井则己。”明日萧溃,申叔视其井,则茅绖存焉,号而出之。
In winter, Chu Zi attacked Xiao, and Song Huajiao rescued Xiao with Cai people. Xiao people imprisoned Xiong Xiangyi Liao and Young Master B. The king said: "Don't kill, I will retreat." Xiao people killed him. The king was angry and surrounded Xiao. Xiao collapsed. Duke Shen's wizard said: "Master, it's too cold." The king patrolled the three armies and encouraged them. The soldiers of the three armies are all like holding hands. Then Fu Yu Xiao. There is no society and Sima Maoyan, named Shen Shuzhan. Shu Zhan asked: "Is there any wheat music?" He said: "No". "Is there any Shan Ju Qian?" He said: "No". "What can I do if the fish in the river has a stomach disease?" He said, "Look at the yuān (dry well) well and save it." "If it's a straw, it's your own fault if you cry in the well." Tomorrow, the drought will collapse, and Uncle Shen will look at the well. If the straw is still there, he will call it out.

    冬季,楚庄王攻打萧国。宋国华椒率领蔡军去救萧国。萧军囚禁了熊相宜僚和公子丙。楚庄王说:“不要杀,我退兵。”萧国人杀了他们。楚庄王发怒,就包围了萧国。萧国崩溃,申公巫臣说:“军队里的人大多很冷。”楚庄王巡视三军,安抚慰勉士兵们,三军的战士感到温暖,都好像披上了丝棉一样。军队就前进而逼近萧城。还无社告诉司马卯,把申叔展喊出来。申叔展说:“你有酒药吗?”还无社说:“没有。”“有川芎吗?”还无社说:“没有。”“得了风湿病怎么办?”还无社说:“注意看枯井就可以拯救我。”申叔展说:“你在井上放一条草绳子,有向井里哭的人就是我。”第二天,萧国崩溃。申叔展看到井上有草绳子在那里,就放声号哭,把还无社救出枯井。
In winter, King Zhuang of Chu attacked the state of Xiao. Huajiao of Song State led Cai Jun to rescue Xiao State. Xiao Jun imprisoned Xiong Xiangyi Liao and Gongzi Bing. King Zhuang of Chu said: "Don't kill, I will retreat." The people of Xiao killed them. King Zhuang of Chu became angry and surrounded Xiao Guo. When the Xiao Kingdom collapsed, Shen Gong Wuchen said: "Most of the people in the army are very cold." King Chuzhuang visited the three armies and comforted the soldiers. The soldiers of the three armies felt warm, as if they were covered with silk cotton. The army then advanced and approached Xiaocheng. No society has yet told Sima Mao to call out Shen Shuzhan. Shen Shuzhan said: "Do you have wine and medicine?" Huiwushe said: "No." "Do you have Ligusticum chuanxiong?" Huiwushe said: "No." "What should I do if I get rheumatism?" Huiwushe said: "Look at the dry well and you can save me." Shen Shuzhan said: "If you put a straw rope on the well, I will be the one crying into the well." The next day, Xiao Guo collapsed. When Shen Shuzhan saw the straw rope on the well, he cried loudly and rescued Huanwushe from the dry well.

    晋原縠、宋华椒、卫孔达、曹人同盟于清丘。曰:“恤病讨贰。”于是卿不书,不实其言也。宋为盟故,伐陈。卫人救之。孔达曰:“先君有约言焉,若大国讨,我则死之。”
Jin Yuanhu, Song Huajiao, Wei Kongda, and Cao allied themselves in Qingqiu. He said: "I'm sorry for my illness but I'm sorry for you." So if you don't write, you don't mean what you say. Since the Song Dynasty was an alliance, they attacked Chen. The guards rescued him. Kongda said: "My ancestors made a promise. If a big country attacks me, I will die."

    晋国的原縠、宋国的华椒、卫国的孔达、曹国人在清丘结盟,说:“周济有困难的国家,讨伐三心二意的国家。”对这次盟会,《春秋》没有记载卿的姓名,这是由于没有实行盟约。宋国为了盟约的缘故,进攻陈国。卫军救援陈国,孔达说:“先君有约定,如果大国进攻我们,我愿意为此去死。”

Yuan Ji of the Jin State, Hua Jiao of the Song State, Kong Da of the Wei State, and the people of the Cao State formed an alliance in Qingqiu, saying: "Give aid to countries in difficulty, and attack countries that are half-hearted." Regarding this alliance meeting, the "Spring and Autumn Annals" did not record the names of the ministers, because the alliance was not implemented. Song State attacked Chen State for the sake of the alliance. When the Wei army rescued Chen Guo, Kong Da said: "The ancestors made an agreement. If a big country attacks us, I am willing to die for it."

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