【经】
十有五年春,公孙归父会楚子于宋。夏五月,宋人及楚人平。六月癸卯,晋师灭赤狄潞氏,以潞子婴儿归。秦人伐晋。王札子杀召伯、毛伯。秋,螽。仲孙蔑会齐高固于无娄。初,税亩。冬,蝝(yuán,白蚁)生。饥。
In the spring of the fifth year of the tenth year, Gongsun returned to his father and met the sons of Chu in the Song Dynasty. In the fifth month of summer, the people of Song and Chu were at peace. In the sixth month of Guimao, the Jin army destroyed the Lu family of Red Di and returned with Luzi as an infant. The people of Qin attacked Jin. Wang Zhazi killed Uncle Zhao and Uncle Mao. Autumn, katydids. Zhongsun Mi met Qi Gao and stayed in Wulou. At first, tax acres. In winter, termites (yuán, termites) are born. hungry.
【传】
【Biography】
十五年春,公孙归父会楚子于宋。
In the spring of the fifteenth year, Gongsun returned to his father and met the sons of Chu in the Song Dynasty.
十五年春季,鲁国的公孙归父在宋国会见楚庄王。
In the spring of the fifteenth year, Gongsun Gui of Lu State met with King Zhuang of Chu in Song State.
宋人使乐婴齐告急于晋。晋侯欲救之。伯宗曰:“不可。古人有言曰:‘虽鞭之长,不及马腹。’天方授楚,未可与争。虽晋之强,能违天乎?谚曰:‘高下在心。’川泽纳污,山薮藏疾,瑾瑜匿瑕,国君含垢,天之道也,君其待之。”乃止。使解扬如宋,使无降楚,曰:“晋师悉起,将至矣。”郑人囚而献诸楚,楚子厚赂之,使反其言,不许,三而许之。登诸楼车,使呼宋人而告之。遂致其君命。楚子将杀之,使与之言曰:“尔既许不谷而反之,何故?非我无信,女则弃之,速即尔刑。”对曰:“臣闻之,君能制命为义,臣能承命为信,信载义而行之为利。谋不失利,以卫社稷,民之主也。义无二信,信无二命。君之赂臣,不知命也。受命以出,有死无霣(yūn,雷雨)又可赂乎?臣之许君,以成命也。死而成命,臣之禄也。寡君有信臣,下臣获考死,又何求?”楚子舍之以归。
The Song people sent Le Yingqi to report to the Jin Dynasty. The Marquis of Jin wanted to save him. Bo Zong said: "No. There is an ancient saying: 'Although the whip is long, it is not as long as the horse's belly.' Heaven has granted Chu, and there is no way to compete with it. Although Jin is strong, can it defy heaven? The proverb says: 'The superiors and inferiors are in the heart.' Sichuan marshes accept dirt, mountains hide diseases, and Jin Yu hides flaws. The ruler of the country is stained with dirt. This is the way of heaven, and you should treat him accordingly." Then stop. He sent Jie Yang to the Song Dynasty, and sent Wu to surrender to Chu, saying: "The Jin army has risen and is about to arrive." The people of Zheng imprisoned and offered to Chu, and the people of Chu bribed them generously. Climb the carriages and send people from the Song Dynasty to tell them. Then he ordered his king to do so. Chuzi was about to kill him and sent him a message: "Why did you do it instead of denying the grain? If I am not unfaithful, I will abandon you and you will be punished immediately." He said to him: "I heard that the king's ability to control orders is righteousness, and the ability of ministers to accept orders is trustworthy. If you believe in righteousness and act accordingly, you will be the leader of the people. There is no second faith in righteousness, and there is no second destiny in trusting your ministers. If you accept orders, you will not be able to bribe them. If your ministers accept your orders, then your orders will be fulfilled. If you have loyal ministers, how can you ask for them to die?
宋国人派乐婴齐到晋国报告急难,晋景公想要救援宋国。伯宗说:“不行。古人有话说:‘鞭子虽然长,达不到马肚子。’上天正在保佑楚国,不能和他竞争。晋国虽然强盛,能够违背上天吗?俗话说:‘高高下下,都在心里。’河流湖泊里容纳污泥浊水,山林草野里暗藏毒虫猛兽,美玉也藏匿着斑痕,国君也得忍受点耻辱,这是上天的常道。君王还是等着吧!”于是,晋景公就停止发兵救宋,派遣解扬到宋国去,让宋国不要投降楚国,解扬对宋国说:“晋国的军队都已经出发,将要到达了。”解扬路过郑国时,郑国人把他囚禁起来献给楚国。楚庄王重重地贿赂他,让他把话反过来说。解扬不答应。经过三次劝说以后才答应了。楚国人让解扬登上楼车,向宋国人喊话,而将楚国人要说的话告诉他们。解扬就乘机传达晋君的命令。楚庄王准备杀死他,派人对他说:“你既已答应了我,现在又反过来,是什么缘故?不是我没有信用,而是你丢失了它。快去受你的刑罚吧!”解扬回答说:“臣听说,国君能制订命令就是道义,臣下能接受命令就是信用,信用贯彻了道义然后去做就是利益。谋划不失去利益,以保卫国家,才是百姓的主人。道义不能有两种信用,信用不能接受两种命令。君王的贿赂下臣,就是不懂得命令的意义。接受了国君的命令而出国,宁可一死而不能废弃命令,难道又可以贿赂的吗?下臣所以答应您,那是为了借机会完成国君的使命。死而能完成使命,这是下臣的福气。寡君有守信的下臣,下臣死得其所,又有什么可以追求的?”楚庄王赦免了解扬放他回去。
The people of the Song Dynasty sent Le Yingqi to the Jin Dynasty to report the emergency. Jin Jinggong wanted to rescue the Song Dynasty. Bo Zong said: "No. There is an ancient saying: 'Although the whip is long, it cannot reach the horse's belly.' God is protecting the Chu State and cannot compete with it. Although the Jin State is strong, can it go against God? As the saying goes: 'High and low, everything is in the heart.' Rivers and lakes contain mud and muddy water, mountains, forests and grasslands hide poisonous insects and beasts, and beautiful jade also hides spots. , the king also has to endure some humiliation, this is the way of God. The king should wait!" So Jin Jinggong stopped sending troops to rescue Song and asked Song not to surrender to Chu. Xie Yang said to Song: "The troops of Jin have already set off and are about to arrive." When Xie Yang passed by Zheng, the people of Zheng imprisoned him and dedicated him to Chu. King Zhuang of Chu heavily bribed him to tell him the other way around. Xie Yang refused. After three attempts at persuasion, I agreed. The Chu people asked Xie Yang to board the carriage, shout to the Song people, and tell them what the Chu people wanted to say. Xie Yang took the opportunity to convey Jin Jun's order. King Chuzhuang was about to kill him, and sent someone to say to him: "You have promised me, and now you have turned around. Why? It's not that I have no credit, but that you have lost it. Go and accept your punishment!" Xie Yang replied: "I heard that the king's ability to make orders is morality, and the minister's ability to accept orders is credit. Credit implements morality and then does it, which is benefit. Planning without losing interests to protect the country is the master of the people. Morality cannot have two kinds of faith. You can't accept two kinds of orders with credit. The king's bribery means that he doesn't understand the meaning of the order. I would rather die than abandon the order. Is it okay to bribe him? The reason why the minister agreed to you is to complete the mission by death. This is the blessing of the minister. If the minister died well, what can he pursue?
夏五月,楚师将去宋。申犀稽首于王之马前,曰:“毋畏知死而不敢废王命,王弃言焉。”王不能答。申叔时仆,曰:“筑室反耕者,宋必听命。”従之。宋人惧,使华元夜入楚师,登子反之床,起之曰:“寡君使元以病告,曰:‘敝邑易子而食,析骸以爨。虽然,城下之盟,有以国毙,不能従也。去我三十里,唯命是听。’”子反惧,与之盟而告王。退三十里。宋及楚平,华元为质。盟曰:“我无尔诈,尔无我虞。”
In the fifth month of summer, the Chu army will go to Song Dynasty. Shen Xi bowed his head in front of the king's horse and said, "If you are afraid of death, you dare not cancel the king's order. How can the king abandon his words?" The king could not answer. Uncle Shen's servant said: "Anyone who builds a house instead of farming will obey orders in Song Dynasty." The people of the Song Dynasty were afraid, so they sent Hua Yuan to the Chu army at night, climbed into the bed of his son, and said to him: "The emperor sent Yuan to complain about his illness, saying: 'We have changed the city for the son to eat, and the corpses have been separated for cooking. Although the alliance under the city has killed the country, we can't wander around. Go to me for thirty miles, but I will obey my orders.'" The son was afraid, so he made an alliance with him and sued the king. Back thirty miles. Song Dynasty and Chuping Dynasty, Hua Yuan was the hostage. The alliance said: "I have no deceit from you, and you have no danger from me."
夏季,五月,楚军准备离开宋国,申犀在楚庄王马前叩头说:“无畏知道死而不敢废弃君王的命令,君王丢掉自己的话了。”楚庄王不能回答。申叔时正为楚庄王驾车,说:“造起房子,让种田的人回来,宋国必然听从命令。”楚庄王听从了。宋国人害怕,派华元在夜里进入楚军营,登上子反的床,叫他起来,说:“寡君派元把困难情况告诉你,说:‘敝邑交换着儿子杀了吃掉,把尸骨拆开来烧着做饭。尽管如此,无条件投降,宁可让国家灭亡,也是不能这样做的。你们退兵三十里,宋国将唯命是听。’”子反害怕,就和华元私自订盟誓然后报告楚庄王。楚军退兵三十里,宋国和楚国讲和。华元作为人质。盟誓说:“我不骗你,你不欺我。”
In summer, in May, when the Chu army was preparing to leave the Song Kingdom, Shen Xi kowtowed in front of King Chuzhuang's horse and said: "I know that I will die but dare not abandon the king's order. The king has thrown away his own words." King Chuzhuang could not answer. Uncle Shen was driving for King Chuzhuang when he said, "Build a house and let the farmers come back, and the Song Dynasty will definitely obey the order." King Zhuang of Chu obeyed. The people of the Song Dynasty were afraid, so they sent Hua Yuan to enter the Chu army camp at night, boarded Zifan's bed, woke him up, and said: "I sent Yuan to tell you about the difficult situation, saying: 'We exchanged our sons for killing and eating them, and dismantling the bones and burning them. Even so, you cannot surrender unconditionally and let the country perish. You retreat thirty miles, and the Song general will obey. ’” Zifan was afraid, so he made a private alliance with Hua Yuan and reported it to the king of Chuzhuang. The Chu army retreated thirty miles, and Song and Chu made peace. Hua Yuan was taken as a hostage. The oath said: "I will not lie to you, and you will not deceive me."
潞子婴儿之夫人,晋景公之姊也。酆舒为政而杀之,又伤潞子之目。晋侯将伐之,诸大夫皆曰:“不可。酆舒有三俊才,不如待后之人。”伯宗曰:“必伐之。狄有五罪,俊才虽多,何补焉?不祀,一也。耆酒,二也。弃仲章而夺黎氏地,三也。虐我伯姬,四也。伤其君目,五也。怙其俊才,而不以茂德,兹益罪也。后之人或者将敬奉德义以事神人,而申固其命,若之何待之?不讨有罪,曰将待后,后有辞而讨焉,毋乃不可乎?夫恃才与众,亡之道也。商纣由之,故灭。天反时为灾,地反物为妖,民反德为乱,乱则妖灾生。故文反正为乏。尽在狄矣。”晋侯従之。六月癸卯,晋荀林父败赤狄于曲梁。辛亥,灭潞。酆舒奔卫,卫人归诸晋,晋人杀之。
The wife of Luzi Baobao is also the sister of Duke Jinggong of Jin Dynasty. Feng Shu killed him for political reasons and hurt Lu Zi's eyes. The Marquis of Jin was about to attack him, and all the officials said: "No. Feng Shu has three talented people, so it is better to wait for the people who come after him." Bo Zong said: "We must attack him. Di has five crimes. Although there are many talented people, how can they be supplemented? No?" The first is to sacrifice. The second is to abandon Zhongzhang and seize the Li family's land. The fourth is to hurt the king's eyes. The people who come after you may respect virtue and serve gods and men, and confirm their orders. If you don't accuse them, how can you say that you will wait for them? , is the way to perish. The Shang Dynasty was destroyed because of it. When the heaven rebelled, things became demons, and when the people rebelled against virtue, the demons and disasters were caused. In the sixth month of Guimao, Jin Xunlin's father defeated Chidi in Quliang. In Xinhai, Lu was destroyed. Feng Shu rushed to the Wei, and the Wei people returned to the Jin Dynasty. The Jin people killed them.
潞子婴儿的夫人,是晋景公的姐姐。鄷舒执政以后杀了她,又伤了潞子的眼睛。晋景公准备进攻他。大夫们都说:“不行。鄷舒有三项显著的才能,不如等待他的后任。”伯宗说:“一定要进攻他。狄人有五条罪状,突出的才能虽然多,有什么补益?不祭祀,这是一。喜欢喝酒,这是二。废弃仲章而夺取黎氏的土地,这是三。杀害我们伯姬,这是四。伤了他国君的眼睛,这是五。依仗他自己的显著才能,而不用美德,这就更增加了罪过。继任的人或者将会敬奉德义以奉事神明,而巩固国家的命运,到时又怎么对待他?不进攻有罪的人,说‘将等待后继人’,以后有了理由再去进攻,恐怕不可以吧!依仗才能和人多,这是亡国之道。商纣按这样去做,所以被灭亡。天违反时令就是灾难,地违反物性就是妖异,百姓违反道德就是祸乱。有了祸乱就有妖异和灾祸发生。所以在文字上,正字反过来就是乏字。上面这些反常的事在狄人那里都是存在的。”晋景公听从了。六月十八日,晋国荀林父在曲梁打败赤狄。二十六日,灭潞国。鄷舒逃亡到卫国,卫国人把他送还到晋国,晋国人杀死了他。
Luzi Baby's wife is Jin Jinggong's sister. After Yanshu came to power, he killed her and injured Luzi's eyes. Jin Jinggong was ready to attack him. The officials all said: "No. Yan Shu has three outstanding talents. It is better to wait for his successor." Bo Zong said: "We must attack him. Di people have five sins. Although they have many outstanding talents, what is the benefit? If they don't sacrifice, this is one. If they like to drink, this is two. Discard To seize Li's land by Zhongzhang is three. To kill our Bo Ji is four. To hurt his king's eyes is five. Relying on his own outstanding talents instead of virtue will increase the sin. How will we treat him when the time comes to consolidate the fate of the country? If we don't attack the guilty people, we will wait for the successors. I'm afraid we can't do it again! Relying on talent and numbers is the way to destroy the country. Orders are disasters, and the people's violation of morality is chaos. Therefore, in words, the opposite of the word "zheng" is the word "wear". "Jin Jinggong obeyed. On June 18, Xun Lin's father of Jin defeated Chi Di in Quliang. On the 26th, Lu State was destroyed. Yishu fled to Wei, and the Wei people returned him to Jin, where they killed him.
王孙苏与召氏、毛氏争政,使王子捷杀召戴公及毛伯卫。卒立召襄。
Wang Sunsu fought with the Zhao family and the Mao family for political power, causing the prince to quickly kill Zhao Dai Gong and Mao Boyei. After the death, Zhao Xiang was established.
王孙苏与召氏、毛氏争夺政权,指使王子捷杀死了召戴公和毛伯卫,最后立了召襄为执政卿士。
Wang Sunsu competed with the Zhao family and the Mao family for political power, and ordered Wang Zijie to kill Zhao Daigong and Mao Boyei, and finally appointed Zhao Xiang as the ruling minister.
秋七月,秦桓公伐晋,次于辅氏。壬午,晋侯治兵于稷以略狄土,立黎侯而还。及洛,魏颗败秦师于辅氏。获杜回,秦之力人也。
In the seventh month of autumn, Duke Huan of Qin attacked Jin and was second to the Fu clan. In Renwu, the marquis of Jin organized troops in Ji to seize the land of Di, and established the marquis of Li before returning. As for Luo, Wei Ke defeated the Qin army at the Fu clan. After winning Du Hui, Qin's powerful people were also included.
秋季,七月,秦桓公进攻晋国,驻扎在辅氏。二十七日,晋景公在稷地进行武装演习,来占领狄人的土地,立了黎侯然后回来。到达洛水,魏颗在辅氏击败秦军,俘获了杜回这个秦国的大力士。
In autumn, in the seventh month, Duke Huan of Qin attacked Jin and stationed himself at Fushi. On the 27th, Jin Jinggong conducted an armed exercise in Jidi, came to occupy the Di people's land, established Li Hou, and then returned. Arriving at Luoshui, Wei Ke defeated the Qin army at Fushi and captured Du Hui, a strong man of Qin.
初,魏武子有嬖妾,无子。武子疾,命颗曰:“必嫁是。”疾病,则曰:“必以为殉。”及卒,颗嫁之,曰:“疾病则乱,吾従其治也。”及辅氏之役,颗见老人结草以亢杜回,杜回踬而颠,故获之。夜梦之曰:“余,而所嫁妇人之父也。尔用先人之治命,余是以报。”
At the beginning, Wei Wuzi had concubines but no children. When Wu Zi was ill, he said: "I must marry him." When he was ill, he said: "I must marry him." When he died, he married him and said: "Sickness causes chaos, and I will cure it." During the battle of Fushi, I saw an old man weaving grass to raise the Du Hui, and the Du Hui stooped and turned upside down, so he got it. He dreamed at night and said: "I am the father of the woman I am married to. You can use the instructions of your ancestors and I will repay you."
当初,魏武子有一个爱妾,没有生儿子。魏武子生病,分咐魏颗说:“等我死去以后,一定要嫁了她”病危时,又说:“一定要让她殉葬!”等到魏武子死后,魏颗把她嫁了,说:“病重了就神志不清,我听从他清醒时候的话。”等到辅氏这一役,魏颗看到一个老人把草打成结来遮拦杜回。杜回绊倒在地,所以俘虏了他。夜里梦见老人说:“我,是你所嫁女人的父亲。你执行你先人清醒时候的话,我以此作为报答。”
At first, Wei Wuzi had a concubine who did not have a son. When Wei Wuzi fell ill, he told Wei Ke: "When I die, I must marry her." When he was critically ill, he said: "She must be buried!" After Wei Wuzi died, Wei Ke married her, saying: "When you are seriously ill, you will lose your mind. I will listen to what he said when you are awake." When the battle of the Fu family came, Wei Ke saw an old man tying grass into knots to block Du Hui. Du Hui tripped and fell to the ground, so he was captured. At night, I dreamed that the old man said: "I am the father of the woman you married. You carry out the words of your ancestors when they were awake, and I will repay you."
晋侯赏桓子狄臣千室,亦赏士伯以瓜衍之县。曰:“吾获狄土,子之功也。微子,吾丧伯氏矣。”羊舌职说是赏也,曰:“《周书》所谓‘庸庸祗祗’者,谓此物也夫。士伯庸中行伯,君信之,亦庸士伯,此之谓明德矣。文王所以造周,不是过也。故《诗》曰:‘陈锡哉周。’能施也。率是道也,其何不济?”
The Marquis of Jin rewarded Huan Zi and Di Chen with thousands of houses, and also rewarded Shibo for spreading the county with melons. He said: "I won Di Tu, which is the merit of my son. Weizi, I lost my uncle." Yang Shizhi said that it was a reward, and said: "The so-called "Yongyong Zhizhi" in "Book of Zhou" is called this thing. Shibo is Yongzhong. Xingbo, the emperor is worthy of being a scholar. This is called Mingde. The reason why King Wen created the Zhou Dynasty is not because of mistakes. Therefore, "Chen Xizai Zhou" can do it well, so why not?"
晋景公赏给桓子狄国的臣民一千家,也把瓜衍的县城赏给士伯,说:“我得到狄国的土地,是您的功劳。如果没有您,我就丧失伯氏了。”羊舌职对这些赏赐感到高兴,说:“《周书》所谓‘能用可用的、能敬可敬的’,说的就是这一类吧。士伯认为中行伯为可以任用,国君相信他,就任用他,这就叫做明德了。文王所以能创立周朝,也不超过这些了。所以《诗》说‘把利益布施给天下,创立了周朝’,这是说文王能够施恩于百姓。遵循这个道理去做,还有什么不能成功的?”
Duke Jinggong of Jin rewarded Huanzi with a thousand families in Di State, and also awarded the county seat of Guayan to Shibo, saying: "It is your credit for me to obtain the land of Di State. Without you, I would have lost the family of Bo." Yang Shizhi was happy with these rewards and said: "The saying in "Book of Zhou" of 'what can be used and what can be respected' is probably of this type. Shibo believed that Zhongxingbo was worthy of appointment, and the king trusted him and appointed him. This is called Mingde. The reason why King Wen was able to establish the Zhou Dynasty was no more than this. Therefore, the "Poetry" said that "the Zhou Dynasty was founded by giving benefits to the world." This means that King Wen can be kind to the people. What can't be achieved? "
晋侯使赵同献狄俘于周,不敬。刘康公曰:“不及十年,原叔必有大咎,天夺之魄矣。”
The Marquis of Jin sent Zhao Tong to offer Di prisoners to Zhou, which was disrespectful. Liu Kanggong said: "In less than ten years, Uncle Yuan will definitely be in serious trouble. God will take away his soul."
晋景公派遣赵同到成周进献俘虏的狄人,表现得不恭敬。刘康公说:“不到十年,原叔一定有大灾难。上天已经夺走了他的魂魄了。”
Jin Jinggong sent Zhao Tong to Chengzhou to present the captured Di people, but he behaved disrespectfully. Liu Kanggong said: "In less than ten years, Uncle Yuan will definitely face a great disaster. God has already taken away his soul."
初税亩,非礼也。谷出不过藉,以丰财也。
Taxing acres for the first time is indecent. If the grain is produced, it is better to borrow it to make money.
鲁国开始按田亩征税,这是不合于礼的。过去的征税方法是所征的稻谷不超过“藉”的规定,这是用以增加财货的办法。
The State of Lu began to tax people on a per-acre basis, which was against etiquette. In the past, the taxation method was that the rice collected should not exceed the "borrowing" requirement. This was a method used to increase wealth.
冬,蝝生,饥。幸之也。
In winter, locusts are born and hungry. Fortunately.
冬季,蝗的幼虫蜉化,造成饥荒。《春秋》所以记载这件事,是由于庆幸没有造成严重灾害。
In winter, locust larvae transform into larvae, causing famine. "Spring and Autumn" recorded this incident because it was fortunate that no serious disaster was caused.
