【经】
四年春王三月己酉，陈侯午卒。夏，叔孙豹如晋。秋七月戊子，夫人姒氏薨。葬陈成公。八月辛亥，葬我小君定姒。冬，公如晋。陈人围顿。
In the third month of the fourth year of spring, King Jiyou, Chen Hou died at noon. In Xia, Uncle Sunbao was like Jin. In the seventh month of autumn, Wuzi, Mrs. Si passed away. Buried Chen Chenggong. In the eighth month of Xinhai, my little king Dingsi was buried. In winter, the public is like Jin. The Chen people gathered around.
【传】
【Biography】
四年春，楚师为陈叛故，犹在繁阳。韩献子患之，言于朝曰：“文王帅殷之叛国以事纣，唯知时也。今我易之，难哉！”
In the spring of the fourth year, the Chu army rebelled against Chen and was still in Fanyang. Han Xianzi was worried about it and said to the court: "King Wen, commander of Yin, rebelled against the country and served Zhou, but he only knew the time. Now it is difficult for me to change it!"
四年春季，楚军由于陈国背叛的缘故，仍旧驻扎在繁阳。韩献子担心这件事，在朝廷上说：“周文王率领背叛商朝的国家去事奉纣，这是由于知道时机未到。现在我们反了过来，想要称霸，难哪！”
In the spring of the fourth year, the Chu army was still stationed in Fanyang due to Chen's betrayal. Han Xianzi was worried about this and said to the court: "King Wen of Zhou led the countries that betrayed the Shang Dynasty to serve Zhou because he knew that the time had not come yet. Now we have turned around and want to dominate, how difficult it is!"
三月，陈成公卒。楚人将伐陈，闻丧乃止。陈人不听命。臧武仲闻之，曰：“陈不服于楚，必亡。大国行礼焉而不服，在大犹有咎，而况小乎？”
In March, Duke Chen Cheng died. The people of Chu were about to attack Chen and stopped after hearing the mourning. Chen people did not obey orders. Zang Wuzhong heard about it and said: "If Chen does not submit to Chu, he will perish. If a big country refuses to obey the courtesy, then it will be to blame in the big country, but how about a small one?"
三月，陈成公死。楚国人正准备进攻陈国，听到陈国有丧事，就停止进攻。陈国不听从楚国的命令，臧武仲听说这种情况，说：“陈国不服从楚国，一定灭亡。大国实行礼仪而不去顺服，对大国来说尚且有灾难，何况是小国呢？”
In March, Chen Chenggong died. The people of Chu were preparing to attack Chen. When they heard that Chen was mourning, they stopped attacking. Chen State did not obey Chu State's orders. Zang Wuzhong heard about this situation and said: "Chen State will definitely perish if it does not obey Chu State. If a big country practices etiquette but does not obey, it will be a disaster for a big country, let alone a small country."
夏，楚彭名侵陈，陈无礼故也。
In Xia, Peng Ming of Chu invaded Chen, so Chen was rude.
夏季，楚国的彭名攻打陈国，这是由于陈国缺乏礼节的缘故。
In the summer, Peng Ming of Chu State attacked Chen State. This was because Chen State lacked etiquette.
穆叔如晋，报知武子之聘也，晋侯享之。金奏《肆夏》之三，不拜。工歌《文王》之三，又不拜。歌《鹿鸣》之三，三拜。韩献子使行人子员问之，曰：“子以君命，辱于敝邑。先君之礼，藉之以乐，以辱吾子。吾子舍其大，而重拜其细，敢问何礼也？”对曰：“三《夏》，天子所以享元侯也，使臣弗敢与闻。《文王》，两君相见之乐也，使臣不敢及。《鹿鸣》，君所以嘉寡君也，敢不拜嘉。？《四牡》，君所以劳使臣也，敢不重拜？《皇皇者华》，君教使臣曰：‘必咨于周。’臣闻之：‘访问于善为咨，咨亲为询，咨礼为度，咨事为诹，咨难为谋。’臣获五善，敢不重拜？”
Uncle Mu, like Jin, reported to Wu Zi about his appointment, and the Marquis of Jin enjoyed it. The third part of "Four Summers" written by Jin Zou is not worshiped. The third song of the work song "King Wen" is not worshiped again. Song "Deer Ming" Part 3, three bows. Han Xianzi sent his subordinates to ask him, saying: "I have humiliated my city by taking the emperor's orders. I borrowed the courtesy of the previous emperor for fun and humiliated my son. My son abandons the big one and worships the small one. What kind of etiquette do you dare to ask?" He said to him: "Three "Xia", the emperor enjoys the title of Yuanhou, and the envoys dare not hear about it. "King Wen", the two monarchs are happy to meet each other, and the envoys dare not come up to it. "Lu Ming", "You are so kind to your ministers, so you dare not pay tribute to me." "Huanghuangzhihua", "You must consult the Zhou Dynasty." The minister heard: "Visiting good people is for consulting, consulting for affairs is for advice, and consulting for difficult matters is for making plans."
穆叔去到晋国，回报知武子的聘问。晋悼公设享礼招待他。乐器演奏《肆夏》的三章，穆叔没有答拜。乐工歌唱《文王》三曲，又没有答拜。歌唱《鹿鸣》三曲，三次答拜。韩献子派行人子员去问他，说：“您奉着君王的命令光临敝邑，敝邑按先君之礼并用音乐来招待大夫。大夫舍弃重大的而三拜细小的，请问这是什么礼仪？”穆叔回答说：“《三夏》，是天子用来招待诸侯领袖的，使臣不敢听到。《文王》，是两国国君相见的音乐，使臣不敢参预。《鹿鸣》，是君王用来嘉奖寡君的，岂敢不拜谢这种嘉奖？《四牡》，是君王用来慰劳使臣的，岂敢不再拜？《皇皇者华》，君王告诫使臣说：‘一定要向忠信的人咨询。’使臣听说：‘向善人访求询问就是咨，咨询亲戚就是询，咨询礼仪就是度，咨询事情就是诹，咨询困难就是谋。’臣得到这五善，岂敢不再三拜谢？”
Uncle Mu went to the state of Jin to report Zhiwuzi's invitation. Jin mourned for him and entertained him with gifts. The musical instrument played three chapters of "Four Summers", but Uncle Mu did not say goodbye. The musicians sang three songs of "King Wen" but did not pay their respects. Sing three songs of "Deer Ming" and say goodbye three times. Han Xianzi sent an envoy to ask him, saying: "You came to our city on the king's order. I entertained the doctor with music according to the etiquette of the ancestors. The doctor gave up the important and worshiped the small three times. What kind of ceremony is this? "Yiten?" Uncle Mu replied: ""Three Summers" is used by the emperor to entertain the leaders of the princes, and "King Wen" is used by the kings of the two countries to meet, and "Lu Ming" is used by the kings. How dare you not thank your envoys for this kind of reward? In "The Emperor's Hua", the emperor warned his envoys: "You must consult with the faithful." The envoy heard: "To ask for help from good people is to consult, to consult about etiquette is to make mistakes, and to consult about difficulties is to seek advice."
秋，定姒薨。不殡于庙，无榇，不虞。匠庆谓季文子曰：“子为正卿，而小君之丧不成，不终君也。君长，谁受其咎？”
In autumn, Si Si will die. No funeral in the temple, no funeral, no worries. Jianqing said to Ji Wenzi: "You are a high minister, but if you fail to mourn me, you will not be the king. Who will bear the blame, sir?"
秋季，定姒去世。没有在祖庙内停放棺木，没有用内棺，没有举行虞祭。匠庆对季文子说：“您做正卿，但是小君的丧礼没有完成，这是让国君不能为他生母送终。国君长大后，谁将会受到责备？”
In autumn, Dingsi passed away. No coffin was placed in the ancestral temple, no inner coffin was used, and no Yu sacrifices were held. Jiang Qing said to Ji Wenzi: "You are the minister, but Xiaojun's funeral has not been completed. This means that the monarch cannot die for his biological mother. Who will be blamed when the monarch grows up?"
初，季孙为己树六槚于蒲圃东门之外。匠庆请木，季孙曰：“略。”匠庆用蒲圃之槚，季孙不御。君子曰：“《志》所谓‘多行无礼，必自及也’，其是之谓乎！”
At the beginning, Ji Sun planted six trees for himself outside the east gate of Pu Pu. The craftsman Qing asked for some wood, and Ji Sun said, "Save it." The craftsman Qing asked for some trees from Pu Pu, but Ji Sun refused. The gentleman said: "The "Zhi" says, 'If you behave rudely, you will be punished by yourself.' Is this what it means?"
起初，季孙为自己在蒲圃的东门外边种植六棵檟木，匠庆请求用它做定姒的棺椁木料，季孙说：“简单点吧。”匠庆还是使用了蒲圃的檟木，季孙也没有阻止。君子说：“《志》所说的‘多做不合礼仪的事，祸患一定会来到自己身上’，说的就是这个吧！”
At first, Jisun planted six cypress trees for himself outside the east gate of Pupu. Jiangqing asked to use them to make Si's coffin wood. Jisun said, "Make it simple." Jiangqing still used the cypress trees from Pupu, and Jisun did not stop him. The gentleman said: "The "Zhi" says, 'If you do more unethical things, disaster will definitely come to you.' This is what it means!"
冬，公如晋听政，晋侯享公。公请属鄫，晋侯不许。孟献子曰：“以寡君之密迩于仇雠，而愿固事君，无失官命。鄫无赋于司马，为执事朝夕之命敝邑，敝邑褊小，阙而为罪，寡君是以愿借助焉！”晋侯许之。
In winter, the Duke of Jin listens to the government, and the Marquis of Jin enjoys the Duke. The Duke requested to belong to Zuo, but the Marquis of Jin did not allow it. Meng Xianzi said: "The secrets of the few princes are close to Qiu Hu, but I am willing to serve the king, without losing my official life. Wu Wu is assigned to Sima, and he is the deacon's order to open the city day and night. It is a crime to open a small town, and it is empty, so I am willing to help you!" The Marquis of Jin agreed.
冬季，鲁襄公去到晋国听取晋国的要求。晋悼公设享礼招待襄公，襄公请求把鄫国作为鲁国的附庸，晋悼公不答应。孟献子说：“由于寡君紧挨着仇敌，还是愿意坚决事奉君王，没有耽误君王的命令。鄫国并没有向晋国的司马交纳贡赋，而君王的左右却经常对我国有所命令，我国褊窄狭小，无法满足要求就是罪过，寡君因此希望得到鄫国作为帮助。”晋悼公允许了。
In winter, Duke Xiang of Lu went to Jin to listen to Jin's request. Duke Xiang of Jin Dynasty entertained Duke Xiang with gifts and gifts. Duke Xiang requested that the state of Juan be made a vassal of Lu State, but Duke Dao of Jin refused. Meng Xianzi said: "Because I am close to the enemy, I am still willing to serve the king resolutely and do not delay the king's orders. The state of Zuo does not pay tribute to the Sima of Jin, but the king's left and right often give orders to our country. Our country is small and narrow, and it is a sin to fail to meet the requirements. Therefore, I hope to get help from the state of Jin." Duke Dao of Jin agreed.
楚人使顿间陈而侵伐之，故陈人围顿。
The Chu people sent Dunjian Chen to invade and attack him, so the Chen people surrounded Dun.
楚国人让顿国乘陈国的空子而进攻陈国，所以陈国人包围了顿国。
The Chu people allowed Dun to take advantage of Chen's opportunity to attack Chen, so the Chen people surrounded Dun.
无终子嘉父使孟乐如晋，因魏庄子纳虎豹之皮，以请和诸戎。晋侯曰：“戎狄无亲而贪，不如伐之。”魏绛曰：“诸侯新服，陈新来和，将观于我，我德则睦，否则携贰。劳师于戎，而楚伐陈，必弗能救，是弃陈也，诸华必叛。戎，禽兽也，获戎失华，无乃不可乎？《夏训》有之曰：‘有穷后羿。’”公曰：“后羿何如？”对曰：“昔有夏之方衰也，后羿自鉏迁于穷石，因夏民以代夏政。恃其射也，不修民事而淫于原兽。弃武罗、伯困、熊髡、龙圉而用寒浞（zhuó）。寒浞，伯明氏之谗子弟也。伯明后寒弃之，夷羿收之，信而使之，以为己相。浞行媚于内而施赂于外，愚弄其民而虞羿于田，树之诈慝以取其国家，外内咸服。羿犹不悛，将归自田，家众杀而亨之，以食其子。其子不忍食诸，死于穷门。靡奔有鬲氏。浞因羿室，生浇及豷（yì，猪喘气），恃其谗慝诈伪而不德于民。使浇用师，灭斟灌及斟寻氏。处浇于过，处豷于戈。靡自有鬲氏，收二国之烬，以灭浞而立少康。少康灭浇于过，后杼灭豷于戈。有穷由是遂亡，失人故也。昔周辛甲之为大史也，命百官，官箴王阙。于《虞人之箴》曰：‘芒芒禹迹，尽为九州，经启九道。民有寝庙，兽有茂草，各有攸处，德用不扰。在帝夷羿，冒于原兽，忘其国恤，而思其麀牡。武不可重，用不恢于夏家。兽臣司原，敢告仆夫。’《虞箴》如是，可不惩乎？”于是晋侯好田，故魏绛及之。
Wu Zhongzi's father sent Meng Leru to the Jin Dynasty because Zhuangzi of Wei accepted the skins of tigers and leopards in order to invite the troops to join forces. The Marquis of Jin said: "The Rong and Di have no relatives and are greedy, so it is better to attack them." Wei Jiang said: "The princes are new, and Chen Xin is coming to make peace. I will observe that my virtues will be harmonious, otherwise I will bring them together. I will work hard with the Rong, and if Chu attacks Chen, I will not be able to save him, so I will abandon him. Chen Ye, all the flowers will rebel. The Rong is a beast. Is it not possible to gain the Rong and lose the flowers? "Xia Xun" said: "How is Hou Yi?" He moved to Qiongshi because Xia people relied on him to replace Xia Zheng. He abandoned Wuluo, Bokun, Xiong Kun, and Long Yu and used Hanzhuo, the slanderous son of Boming. After the Han Dynasty abandoned it, Yi Yi took it and trusted him, thinking that he was his own leader. He flattered the people inside and bribed the people outside. The family members killed him in order to feed his son. His son could not bear to eat them and died in a poor family. The Zouguan and Zhenxun clan were destroyed. The Ge family was destroyed, and the Ji family was destroyed. Xin Jia was a great historian, and he ordered hundreds of officials to supervise Wang Que. He said in "Yu Ren Zhi Zhi": "The traces of Mang Mang Yu are all in the nine states, and the people have their temples, and the animals have lush grass, and they have their own places, and the emperor Yi Yi will not be disturbed." , Risking the original beast, forgetting about his country, and thinking about his harem. The martial arts cannot be restored to the Xia family. The beast minister Si Yuan dared to tell his servant, "Yu Zhen" said, "Should we not punish him?"
无终子嘉父派遣孟乐去到晋国，依靠魏庄子的关系，奉献了虎豹的皮革，以请求晋国和各部戎人讲和。晋悼公说：“戎狄没有什么亲近的人而且贪婪，不如进攻他们。”魏庄子说：“诸侯新近顺服，陈国最近前来讲和，都将观察我们的行动。我们有德，就亲近我们；不这样，就背离我们。在戎人那里去用兵，楚国进攻陈国，一定不能去救援，这就是丢弃陈国了。中原诸国一定背叛我们。戎人，不过是禽兽。得到戎人而失去中原，恐怕不可以吧！《夏训》有这样的话‘有穷的后羿——’”晋悼公说：“后羿怎么样？”魏庄子回答说：“从前夏朝刚刚衰落的时候，后羿从鉏地迁到穷石，依靠夏朝的百姓取代了夏朝政权。后羿仗着他的射箭技术，不致力于治理百姓而沉溺于打猎，抛弃了武罗、伯因、熊髡、尨圉等贤臣而任用寒浞。寒浞，是伯明氏的坏子弟，伯明后寒丢弃了他。后羿收养了他，信任并且使用他，作为自己的辅助。寒浞在里边对女人献媚，在外边广施财物，愚弄百姓而使后羿专以打猎为乐。扶植了奸诈邪恶，用这个取得了后羿的国和家，外部和内部都顺从归服。后羿还是不肯改悔，准备从打猎的地方回来，他的手下人把他杀了煮熟，让他的儿子吃，他的儿子不忍心吃，又被杀死在穷国的城门口。靡逃亡到有鬲氏。寒浞和后羿的妻妾生了浇和豷，仗着他的奸诈邪恶，对百姓不施恩德，派浇带兵，灭了斟灌和斟寻氏。让浇住在过地，让豷住在戈地。靡从有鬲氏那里收集两国的遗民，用以灭亡了寒促而立了少康。少康在过地灭掉了浇，后杼在戈地灭掉了豷，有穷从此就灭亡了，这是由于失去贤人的缘故。从前周朝的辛甲做太史的时候，命令百官，每人都劝诫天子的过失。在《虞人之箴》里说：‘辽远的夏禹遗迹，分为九州，开通了许多大道。百姓有屋有庙，野兽有丰茂的青草；各得其所，他们因此互不干扰。后羿身居帝位，贪恋着打猎，忘记了国家的忧患，想到的只是飞鸟走兽。武事不能太多，太多就不能扩大夏后氏的国家。主管禽兽的臣，谨以此报告君王左右的人。’《虞箴》是这样，难道能不警戒吗？”当时晋悼公喜欢打猎，所以魏庄子提到这件事。
Wu Zhongzi Jiafu sent Meng Le to the Jin State. Relying on Wei Zhuangzi's relationship, he donated tiger and leopard skins to ask the Jin State to make peace with the Rong people. Duke Ao of Jin said: "Rong and Di have no close friends and are greedy, so it is better to attack them." Wei Zhuangzi said: "The princes have recently submitted, and Chen has recently come to make peace. They will observe our actions. If we are virtuous, we will be close to us; if we are not, we will turn away from us. If you use troops from the Rong people, and Chu attacks Chen, you must not go to rescue them. This is abandoning Chen. The countries in the Central Plains must betray us. The Rong people are just beasts. It is impossible to gain the Rong people and lose the Central Plains! "Xia Xun" said, "How about Hou Yi?" Wei Zhuangzi replied: "When the Xia Dynasty just declined, Hou Yi moved to Qianshi and relied on the people of the Xia Dynasty to replace him. Xia Dynasty regime. Hou Yi relied on his archery skills and was not devoted to governing the people. He abandoned the wise ministers such as Wu Luo, Boyin, Xiong Kun, and Gao Yu and appointed Han Yun. Han Yun was a bad son of Bo Ming. Hou Yi adopted him, trusted him and used him as his assistant. He gave away wealth and fooled the people so that Hou Yi only enjoyed hunting. He supported the treacherous and evil people and used this to gain Hou Yi's country and family, both externally and internally. Hou Yi still refused to repent and was about to come back from the hunting place. His men killed him and cooked him, and let his son eat it. His son couldn't bear to eat, so he was killed at the gate of the poor country. Mi fled to the You Ke family. Hanzhuo and Hou Yi's concubines gave birth to Chui and Chi. Relying on his treachery and evil, he showed no kindness to the people and sent Chui to lead his troops to destroy the Chuguan and Chuxun clans. Let the water dwell in the land, and let the cockroaches dwell in the deserted ground. Mi collected the remnants of the two countries from the Youge family, and used them to destroy Hancu and establish Shaokang. Shaokang destroyed the water in the land of Guo, and Hou Zhu destroyed the grass in the land of Ge. From then on, Youqing perished. This was because of the loss of virtuous people. In the past, when Xin Jia of the Zhou Dynasty was Taishi, he ordered all officials to admonish the emperor for his mistakes. It is said in "Yu Ren's Proverbs": "The distant ruins of Xia Yu were divided into nine states and opened many avenues." The people have houses and temples, and the wild animals have lush green grass; each has its own place, so they do not interfere with each other. Hou Yi was on the throne and was obsessed with hunting. He forgot about the country's worries and only thought about birds and beasts. Don't do too much martial arts. If you do too much, you won't be able to expand the Xia Hou family's country. The ministers in charge of the animals would like to report this to the people around the king. ’ “Yu Zhen” is like this, how can we not be vigilant? "At that time, Duke Yu of Jin liked hunting, so Wei Zhuangzi mentioned this matter.
公曰：“然则莫如和戎乎？”对曰：“和戎有五利焉：戎狄荐居，贵货易土，土可贾焉，一也。边鄙不耸，民狎其野，穑人成功，二也。戎狄事晋，四邻振动，诸侯威怀，三也。以德绥戎，师徒不勤，甲兵不顿，四也。鉴于后羿，而用德度，远至迩安，五也。君其图之！”公说，使魏绛盟诸戎，修民事，田以时。
The duke said: "What better way to make peace with the Rong?" He said to him: "There are five advantages to making peace with the Rong: the Rong and the Di are recommended to live in, valuable goods can be exchanged for the land, and the land can be bought. The first is. The border is humble, the people are in the wilderness, and the people of the Yi are successful. The second is. The Rong and the Di are in the Jin Dynasty, and the neighbors are vibrating. , The princes are powerful, the third is. The master and the disciple are not diligent, the armor and the soldiers are not ready, the fourth is. In view of Hou Yi, he is far away from An'an, the king has his plan! "The public said, let Wei Jiang ally with the Rong, cultivate the civil affairs, and use the time.
晋悼公说：“然而再好的办法也莫过于跟戎人讲和吗？”魏庄子回答说：“跟戎人讲和有五种利益：戎狄逐水草而居，重财货而轻土地，他们的土地可以收买，这是一。边境不再有所警惧，百姓安心在田野里耕作，农田管理的人可以完成任务，这是二。戎狄事奉晋国，四边的邻国震动，诸侯因为我们的威严而慑服，这是三。用德行安抚戎人，将士不辛劳，武器不损坏，这是四。有鉴于后羿的教训，而利用道德法度，远国前来而邻国安心，这是五。君王还是慎重谋划吧！”晋悼公听了很高兴，派遣魏庄子与各部戎人讲和。又致力于治理百姓，按照时令去打猎。
Jin Aogong said: "However, no matter how good the method is, there is no better way than to make peace with the Rong people?" Wei Zhuangzi replied: "There are five benefits to making peace with the Rong people: the Rong and Di live in pursuit of water and grass, and value goods but not the land. Their land can be bought, which is one. There is no longer any fear at the border, the people can farm in the fields with peace of mind, and those who manage the farmland can complete their tasks. This is two. Rong Di serves In the Kingdom of Jin, the neighboring countries are shaken, and the princes are overwhelmed by our majesty. This is three. Using virtue to appease the Rong people, the soldiers do not work hard, and the weapons are not damaged, this is four. In view of Hou Yi's teachings, and using moral laws, the neighboring countries are at ease." The king of Jin was very happy after hearing this, and sent Wei Zhuangzi to make peace with the Rong people. He also devoted himself to governing the people and hunting according to the seasons.
冬十月，邾人、莒人伐鄫。臧纥救鄫，侵邾，败于狐骀。国人逆丧者皆髽。鲁于是乎始髽，国人诵之曰：“臧之狐裘，败我于狐骀。我君小子，朱儒是使。朱儒！朱儒！使我败于邾。”
In the tenth month of winter, the people of Zhu and Ju attacked Ju. Zang He rescued Zu, invaded Bi, and was defeated by Hu Ni. The people of the country who rebel against mourning all have a beard. Lu then began to put on his beard, and the people of the country recited: "Zang's fox fur defeated me by Hu Ni. My young master, Zhu Ru is the envoy. Zhu Ru! Zhu Ru! I was defeated by Zhu."
冬季，十月，邾国人、莒国人进攻鄫国，臧纥救援鄫国，入侵邾国，在狐骀被击败。国内的人们去接丧的都用麻系发，鲁国从这时开始就有了用麻系发的习俗。国内的人们讽刺说：“姓臧的身穿狐皮袄，使我们在狐骀战败了。我们的国君小孩子，把个侏儒当差使。侏儒啊，侏儒！使我们被打败在邾。”
In winter, in October, the people of Zhu and Ju attacked the country of Zu. Zang He rescued the country of Zu, invaded the country of Zhu, and was defeated at Huni. People in the country tied their hair with hemp when attending funerals. From then on, the custom of tying their hair with hemp began to exist in the State of Lu. People in the country sarcastically said: "The man surnamed Zang wore a fox fur coat, so we were defeated at Huxi. Our king, a child, sent a dwarf as an envoy. A dwarf, a dwarf! We were defeated at Lu."
