【经】
三十有一年春王正月。夏六月辛巳，公薨于楚宫。秋九月癸巳，子野卒。己亥，仲孙羯卒。冬十月，滕子来会葬。癸酉，葬我君襄公。十有一月，莒人杀其君密州。
Thirty-one years ago, it was the first month of Spring King. In the sixth month of summer, Xinsi, the Duke passed away in Chu Palace. In the ninth month of autumn, Guisi, Ziye died. In Jihai, Zhongsun Jie died. In the tenth month of winter, Tengzi came to attend the funeral. Guiyou, bury my king and Duke Xiang. In the eleventh month of the eleventh month, the Ju people killed their ruler Mizhou.
【传】
【Biography】
三十一年春，王正月，穆叔至自会，见孟孝伯，语之曰：“赵孟将死矣。其语偷，不似民主。且年未盈五十，而谆谆焉如八九十者，弗能久矣。若赵孟死，为政者其韩子乎！吾子盍与季孙言之，可以树善，君子也。晋君将失政矣，若不树焉，使早备鲁，既而政在大夫，韩子懦弱，大夫多贪，求欲无厌，齐、楚未足与也，鲁其惧哉！”孝伯曰：“人生几何？谁能无偷？朝不及夕，将安用树？”穆叔出而告人曰：“孟孙将死矣。吾语诸赵孟之偷也，而又甚焉。”又与季孙语晋故，季孙不従。及赵文子卒，晋公室卑，政在侈家。韩宣子为政，为能图诸侯。鲁不堪晋求，谗慝弘多，是以有平丘之会。
In the spring of the thirty-first year, during the first month of the dynasty, Uncle Mu came to Zihui, saw Meng Xiaobo, and said: "General Zhao Meng is dead. His words are stealthy, not like democracy. He is not fifty years old, but he is as earnest as eight If Zhao Meng dies, what will happen to the ruler? My son Yu told Ji Sun that if you can cultivate good deeds, you will lose your power. Bei Lu, since the government is in the hands of the officials, Han Zi is cowardly, the officials are greedy, and they are insatiable. Qi and Chu are not enough, so Lu is afraid! "Xiao Bo said, "Who can live without stealing? When the time comes, how can we use the tree?" Uncle Mu came out and told people, "Meng Sun is about to die. I'm going to tell Zhao Meng how to steal it." When Zhao Wenzi died, the Jin government was humble and the government was in the extravagant family. Han Xuanzi was in charge of government in order to be able to benefit the feudal lords. Lu could not bear the Jin's entreaties and slandered many people, so there was a meeting in Pingqiu.
三十一年春季，周王朝历法的正月，穆叔从澶渊会见回来，见了孟孝伯，对他说：“赵孟将要死了。他的话毫无远虑，不像百姓的主人。而且年纪不到五十，就絮絮叨叨好像八九十岁的人，他不能活得很长久了。如果赵孟死了，掌握政权的恐怕是韩起吧！您为何不对季孙去说这件事，可以及早建立友好关系，他是个君子。晋国的国君将要失去政权了，如果不去建立友好，让韩子早点为鲁国做些准备工作，不久以后政权落在大夫手里，韩子又懦弱，大夫大多贪婪，要求和欲望没有个止境，齐国、楚国却不足以依靠，鲁国将陷入可怕的困境！”孟孝伯说：“人的一辈子能活多久，谁能说没有点得过且过的思想？早晨活着还怕到不了晚上，哪里用得着去建立友好？”穆叔出去，告诉别人说：“孟孝伯将要死了。我告诉他赵孟的得过且过，但他比赵孟还不如。”又和季孙说到晋国的事情，季孙不听。等到赵文子死了，晋国公室的地位下降，政权落在豪奢的大夫手里。韩宣子掌握国政，不能为诸侯所拥护。鲁国难以担负晋国的要求，奸邪小人很多，因此有了平丘的会见。
In the spring of the thirty-first year, the first month of the Zhou Dynasty calendar, Uncle Mu came back from Chanyuan, met with Meng Xiaobo, and said to him: "Zhao Meng is about to die. His words have no foresight, and he is not like the master of the people. And he is less than fifty, and he talks as if he is eighty or ninety years old. He can't live. It's been a long time. If Zhao Meng dies, Han Qi will probably be in charge! Why don't you tell Ji Sun about this and establish friendly relations as soon as possible. The king of Jin is about to lose power. If you don't establish friendship, let Han Zi make preparations for Lu as soon as possible. Work, soon the government will fall into the hands of the officials, Han Zi is cowardly, most of the officials are greedy, their demands and desires are endless, Qi and Chu are not enough to rely on, Lu will be in a terrible predicament." Meng Xiaobo said: "How long a person can live, who can say that there is no point in it! The idea of sitting aside? If you are still alive in the morning, there is no need to establish friendship. "Uncle Mu went out and told others, "Meng Xiaobo is going to die. I told him that Zhao Meng can live in peace, but he is worse than Zhao Meng." He told Ji Sun about the affairs of the Jin Kingdom, but Ji Sun didn't listen. When Zhao Wenzi died, the status of the Jin Dynasty's royal family declined and the political power fell into the hands of extravagant officials. Han Xuanzi controlled the state affairs and could not be supported by the princes. It was difficult for the State of Lu to meet the demands of the State of Jin, and there were many evil villains, so Pingqiu met with him.
齐子尾害闾丘婴，欲杀之，使帅师以伐阳州。我问师故。夏五月，子尾杀闾丘婴以说于我师。工偻洒、渻（shěng）灶、孔虺（huǐ）、贾寅出奔莒。出群公子。
Qi Ziwei harmed Lu Qiuying and wanted to kill him, so he sent his commander to attack Yangzhou. I asked my teacher why. In the fifth month of summer, Ziwei killed Lu Qiuying and told my teacher. Gong Xisha, Shěng Zao, Kong Hui and Jia Yin went out to Ju. Out of the crowd.
齐国的子尾惧怕闾丘婴，想杀死他，派他带兵进攻阳州。我国询问他们为什么要出兵。夏季，五月，子尾杀了闾丘婴，来向我军解释。工偻洒、渻灶、孔虺、贾寅逃亡到莒国。子尾驱逐了公子们。
Ziwei of Qi State was afraid of Lu Qiuying and wanted to kill him, so he sent him to lead troops to attack Yangzhou. Our country asked them why they sent troops. In summer, in May, Ziwei killed Lu Qiuying to explain to our army. Gong Xisha, Lu Zao, Kong Hui and Jia Yin fled to Ju State. Zi Wei expelled the young masters.
公作楚宫。穆叔曰：“《大誓》云：‘民之所欲，天必従之。’君欲楚也夫！故作其宫。若不复适楚，必死是宫也。”
The official title is Chu Palace. Uncle Mu said: "The Great Oath says: 'Whatever the people want, God will do it.' If you want Chu, you will build it as a palace. If you are no longer suitable for Chu, you will die in this palace."
鲁襄公建造楚国式的宫殿。穆叔说：“《大誓》说：‘百姓所要求的，上天必然听从。’国君想要楚国了，所以建造楚国式的宫殿。如果不再去楚国，必然死在这座宫殿里。”
Duke Xiang of Lu built a Chu-style palace. Uncle Mu said: "The Great Oath says: 'Whatever the people ask for, God will definitely obey.' The king wanted Chu, so he built a Chu-style palace. If he never goes to Chu again, he will definitely die in this palace."
六月辛巳，公薨于楚宫。
In the sixth month of Xinsi, the Duke passed away in Chu Palace.
六月二十八日，鲁襄公死在楚宫里。
On June 28, Duke Xiang of Lu died in the Chu Palace.
叔仲带窃其拱璧，以与御人，纳诸其怀而従取之，由是得罪。
Shu Zhong stole his Gongbi and gave it to the emperor. He took it into his arms and took it, thus offending him.
叔仲带偷了襄公的大玉璧，给了驾车的人，放在他的怀里，又从他那里拿了过来，因此而得罪。
Shu Zhongdai stole a large jade from Duke Xiang, gave it to the driver, put it in his arms, and took it back from him, thus offending him.
立胡女敬归之子子野，次于季氏。秋九月癸巳，卒，毁也。
He established Ziye, the son of Hu Nu Jinggui, who was second in line to the Ji family. In autumn and September, Guisi died and was destroyed.
鲁国拥立胡国女人敬归的儿子子野，住在季氏那里。秋季，九月十一日，子野死，这是由于哀痛过度。
The state of Lu supported Ziye, the son of a woman from the state of Hu who had returned home, and lived with the Ji family. In autumn, on September 11th, Ziye died due to excessive grief.
己亥，孟孝伯卒。
In Jihai, Meng Xiaobo died.
十七日，孟孝伯死了。
On the 17th, Meng Xiaobo died.
立敬归之娣齐归之子公子裯（chóu，被单；dāo，短衣），穆叔不欲，曰：“大子死，有母弟则立之，无则长立。年钧择贤，义钧则卜，古之道也。非适嗣，何必娣之子？且是人也，居丧而不哀，在戚而有嘉容，是谓不度。不度之人，鲜不为患。若果立之，必为季氏忧。”武子不听，卒立之。比及葬，三易衰，衰衽如故衰。于是昭公十九年矣，犹有童心，君子是以知其不能终也。
When the eldest son dies, he will be established if there is a mother and younger brother. If there is no mother and younger brother, he will be established. If there is no younger brother, he will be established for a long time. Select talents at the end of the year, and divination will be done at the end of the year. This is the ancient way. Ye. If he is not a suitable heir, why should he be the son of Di? If he is in mourning but has a good appearance, it is said that he will not be saved. If he is established, he will be worried about him. Compared to the funeral, the three things are easy to decline, and the decline of the fold is the same as before. So in the nineteenth year of Duke Zhao's reign, he still has a childish heart, and this is why a gentleman knows that it will never end.
鲁国拥立敬归的妹妹齐归生的儿子公子裯为国君。穆叔不愿意，说：“太子死了，有同母兄弟就立他，没有就立年长的。年纪差不多就选择贤能的，贤能又差不多就占卜，这是古代的常规。死去的子野并不是嫡子，何必非要立他母亲的妹妹的儿子？而且这个人，居丧却不哀痛，父母死了反而有喜悦的脸色，这叫做不孝。不孝的人，很少不捣乱的。假如立了他，必然造成季氏的忧患。”季武子不听，结果立了他。等到安葬襄公，三次更换丧服，丧服的衣襟脏得好像旧丧服一样。当时昭公已十九岁了，还有孩子脾气，君子因此知道他不能善终。
The state of Lu supported Gongzi Kuai, the son of Qi Gui's sister Qi Gui, as its king. Uncle Mu was unwilling and said: "When the prince dies, if there is a brother from the same mother, he will be crowned. If there is no brother, the older one will be crowned. If he is about the same age, he will be chosen to be worthy. If the wise is about the same, he will be chosen for divination. This is the ancient rule. The deceased Ziye is not the legitimate son, so why should his mother be chosen? The son of his sister? And this person is not mourning, but he is happy when his parents die. This is called unfilial. People who are unfilial rarely make trouble. If he is established, it will definitely cause trouble to the Ji family. When I was buried, I changed my mourning clothes three times. The skirts of the mourning clothes were as dirty as old mourning clothes. At that time, Duke Zhao was nineteen years old and still had the temper of a child, so the gentleman knew that he would not die well.
冬十月，滕成公来会葬，惰而多涕。子服惠伯曰：“滕君将死矣！怠于其位，而哀已甚，兆于死所矣。能无従乎？”
In the tenth month of winter, Teng Chenggong came to attend the funeral, feeling lazy and tearful. Zifu Hui Bo said: "Teng Jun is about to die! He has neglected his position and is deeply mourning. This is a sign of his death. How can he not be embarrassed?"
冬季，十月，滕成公来鲁国参加葬礼，表现得不恭敬而眼泪很多。子服惠伯说：“滕国的国君将要死了。在他吊临的位置上表现懈怠，而哀痛太过分，在葬礼中已经显出将死的预兆了，能够不相继死吗？”
In winter, in October, Teng Chenggong came to the state of Lu to attend the funeral. He behaved disrespectfully and cried a lot. Zifu Huibo said: "The king of Teng is about to die. He showed slackness in the place of mourning and mourned too much. He showed signs of death during the funeral. How can he not die one after another?"
癸酉，葬襄公。
Guiyou, buried Duke Xiang.
十月二十一日，安葬鲁襄公。
On October 21st, Duke Xiang of Lu was buried.
公薨之月，子产相郑伯以如晋，晋侯以我丧故，未之见也。子产使尽坏其馆之垣而纳车马焉。士文伯让之，曰：“敝邑以政刑之不修，寇盗充斥，无若诸侯之属辱在寡君者何？是以令吏人完客所馆，高其闬闳（hàn hóng，里巷大门），厚其墙垣，以无忧客使。今吾子坏之，虽従者能戒，其若异客何？以敝邑之为盟主，缮完葺墙，以待宾客，若皆毁之，其何以共命？寡君使匄请命。”
In the month of the Duke's death, Zheng Bo, the prime minister of the son's birth, was like the Jin Dynasty. The Marquis of Jin thought that I was dead and did not see him. Zichan destroyed the walls of the pavilion and left the chariots and horses behind. Shi Wenbo gave way and said: "Our city is not in good shape with its administration and punishment, and is full of bandits and robbers. How can the subordinates of the princes humiliate me? Therefore, I ordered the officials to complete the guest houses and give them high-level hooligans (hàn). hóng, the gate of the inner lane), thicken the wall, so that there is no need to worry about the envoys. Now, although the wanderers can be warned, how can they be treated like strangers?
襄公死去的那一个月，子产陪同郑简公到晋国去，晋平公由于我国有丧事，没有接见。子产派人将晋国宾馆的围墙全部拆毁而安放自己的车马。士文伯责备他，说：“敝邑由于政事和刑罚不够完善，到处都是盗贼，无奈诸侯的属官来向寡君朝聘，因此派官吏修缮宾客所住的馆舍，加高大门，围墙增厚，以不让宾客使者担忧。现在您拆毁了它，虽然您的随从能够自己戒备，让别国的宾客又怎么办呢？由于敝邑是盟主，修缮围墙，为接待宾客。如果都拆毁了，那么将怎么供应宾客的需要呢？寡君派匄前来请问拆墙的意图。”
In the month after Duke Xiang died, Zichan accompanied Duke Jiang of Zheng to the state of Jin. Duke Ping of Jin did not receive him because there was a funeral in our country. Zichan sent people to tear down all the walls of the Jinguo Hotel and place his own carriages and horses there. Shi Wenbo scolded him and said: "Because our government and punishments are not perfect, there are thieves everywhere. But the officials of the princes come to court to hire me, so I sent officials to repair the guest houses, raise the gates, and thicken the walls to prevent the guests and envoys from worrying. Now you demolish it Although your followers can guard themselves, what will happen to the guests from other countries? Since we are the leader of the alliance, we are repairing the wall to receive guests. If it is demolished, how will we provide for the needs of the guests? "
对曰：“以敝邑褊小，介于大国，诛求无时，是以不敢宁居，悉索敝赋，以来会时事。逢执之不间，而未得见，又不获闻命，未知见时，不敢输币，亦不敢暴露。其输之，则君之府实也，非荐陈之，不敢输也。其暴露之，则恐燥湿之不时而朽蠹，以重敝邑之罪。侨闻文公之为盟主也，宫室卑庳，无观台榭，以崇大诸侯之馆。馆如公寝，库厩缮修，司空以时平易道路，圬人以时塓馆宫室。诸侯宾至，甸设庭燎，仆人巡宫，车马有所，宾従有代，巾车脂辖，隶人牧圉，各瞻其事，百官之属，各展其物。公不留宾，而亦无废事，忧乐同之，事则巡之，教其不知，而恤其不足。宾至如归，无宁灾患？不畏寇盗，而亦不患燥湿。今铜鞮之宫数里，而诸侯舍于隶人。门不容车，而不可逾越。盗贼公行，而天厉不戒。宾见无时，命不可知。若又勿坏，是无所藏币，以重罪也。敢请执事，将何以命之？虽君之有鲁丧，亦敝邑之忧也。若获荐币，修垣而行，君之惠也，敢惮勤劳？”
He said: "Because my city is small, between big countries, and I have no time to punish you, so I dare not live in peace, and ask for my gifts, so as to understand the current affairs. Whenever I insist on it, I have not seen it, and I have not received my order, and I don't know when I will see it. I dare not lose money, and I dare not expose it. If you lose it, the king's palace will be real. If you don't recommend it, you won't dare to lose it. It will be exposed. , then there is a fear that dryness and dampness will cause decay from time to time, and it will be a crime to ruin the city. The palace is humble, and there are no terraces and pavilions, so it is like a palace for the princes. There is a generation, and the people are under the control of the people. They are responsible for their affairs, and the officials are all showing their things. The public does not leave the guests, and they are happy and happy. The door is not open to traffic, and cannot be crossed. If the guests are not allowed to do so, their fate is unknown. If you don't want to destroy it, it will be a serious crime. Even if you have Lu mourning, you will be worried about your hard work."
子产回答说：“由于敝邑地方狭小，夹在大国之间，而大国需索贡品又没有一定的时候，因此不敢安居，尽量搜索敝邑的财富，以便随时来朝会。碰上执事没有空闲，而没有能够见到；又得不到命令，不知道什么时候才能接见。我们不敢献上财币，也不敢让它日晒夜露。如果奉献，那么它就是君王府库中的财物，不经过在庭院里陈列的仪式，就不敢奉献。如果让它日晒夜露，就又害怕时而干燥时而潮湿因而腐朽坏，以加重敝邑的罪过。侨听说晋文公做盟主的时候，宫室矮小，没有可供观望的台榭，而把接待诸侯的宾馆修得又高又大，宾馆好像现在君王的寝宫一样。对宾馆内的库房、马厩都加以修缮，司空及时整修道路，泥瓦工按时粉刷墙壁，诸侯的宾客来了，甸人点起火把，仆人巡逻宫馆。车马有一定的处所，宾客的随从有人替代服役，管理车子的管理员为车轴加油，打扫的人、牧羊人、养马的人各人做自己分内的事情。各部官吏各自陈列他的礼品。文公不让宾客耽搁，也没有因为这样而荒废宾主的公事。和宾客忧乐相同，有事就加以安抚，对宾客所不知道的加以教导，不周到的加以体谅。宾客来到晋国就像在自己家里一样，还有什么灾患？不怕抢劫偷盗，也不担心干燥潮湿。现在铜鞮山的宫室绵延几里，而诸侯住在像奴隶住的屋子里，门口进不去车子，而又不能翻墙而入。盗贼公开行动，而传染病又不能防止。宾客进见诸侯没有一定的时候，君王接见的命令也不知道什么时候才能发布。如果还不拆毁围墙，这就没有地方收藏财礼，反而要加重罪过了。”谨敢问执事，对我们将有什么指示？虽然君王有鲁国的丧事，但这同样也是敝国的忧虑。如果能够奉上财礼，我们愿把围墙修好了再走。这是君王的恩惠，岂敢害怕修墙的辛勤劳动！”
Zichan replied: "Because our city is small and is sandwiched between big countries, and the big countries have no fixed time to demand tribute, we dare not live in peace. We try our best to search for the wealth of our city so that we can come to court at any time. The deacons have no time and no ability. We can't see it, but we don't know when we can receive it. We don't dare to offer money, and we don't dare to let it be exposed to the sun and dew at night. If it is offered, then it is the property of the king's treasury, and we dare not offer it without going through the ceremony of displaying it in the courtyard. If it is exposed to the sun and dew at night, it will become dry and wet at times, thereby aggravating the sin of the city. I heard that when Duke Wen of Jin was the leader of the alliance, the palace was short and there were no terraces for viewing, and the hotel for receiving the princes was built very well. Tall and large, the hotel looks like the king's palace now. The warehouses and stables in the hotel have been repaired. Sikong repaired the roads in time, the masons painted the walls on time, the guests from the princes came, the people of Dian lit torches, and the servants patrolled the palace. At certain places, the guests' attendants would serve in their place, the stewards of the carriages would oil the axles, and the sweepers, shepherds, and horse keepers would each do their own work, and the civil servants would not let the guests be delayed. The official affairs of the guest and the host are not neglected because of this. Just as the guests are happy, they are comforted when they have troubles, and they are taught what they don't know and are considerate. The guests come to Jin as if they are at home. What kind of disaster is there? We are not afraid of robbery and theft, and we are not worried about dryness and humidity. Now the palaces in Tongda Mountain stretch for several miles, and the princes live in houses that are like slaves. There is no way for cars to enter at the door, and thieves can't break in openly, and infectious diseases cannot be prevented. There is no set time for the visit to the princes, and it is not known when the king's order for the meeting will be issued. If the wall is not demolished, there will be no place to collect the gifts, and the crime will be aggravated. "I dare to ask the deacon, what instructions will be given to us? Although the king has the funeral of Lu, it is also our country's worry. If we can give you a financial gift, we would like to repair the wall before leaving. This is a favor from the king. How dare you be afraid of the hard work of building the wall! "
文伯复命，赵文子曰：“信！我实不德，而以隶人之垣以赢诸侯，是吾罪也。”使士文伯谢不敏焉。晋侯见郑伯，有加礼，厚其宴好而归之。乃筑诸侯之馆。叔向曰：“辞之不可以已也如是夫！子产有辞，诸侯赖之，若之何其释辞也？《诗》曰：‘辞之辑矣，民之协矣。辞之绎矣，民之莫矣。’其知之矣。”
When Wenbo returned, Zhao Wenzi said: "Believe! I am really not virtuous, but I use people's walls to win over the princes. This is my crime. "The envoy Wen Bo thanked Uncle Zheng. When the Marquis of Jin met Uncle Zheng, he gave him gifts, gave him a generous banquet, and returned home. Then he built a pavilion for the princes. Shu Xiang said: "I can't say goodbye anymore, so this is my husband! Zichan has a word, and the princes rely on it. If so, how can he explain it? "Poetry" says: "The collection of words is done, and the people are united." The words are easy to interpret, but the people are not willing to do anything. ’ He knows it. "
文伯回到朝廷汇报。赵文子说：“说得对。我们实在是不好，用容纳奴隶的房屋去接待诸侯，这是我们的罪过啊。”就派士文伯去表示歉意并说自己无能。晋平公接见郑简公，礼仪有加，举行极隆重的宴会，赠送更加丰厚，然后让他回去。于是就建造接待诸侯的宾馆。叔向说：“辞令的不能废弃就像这样吧！子产善于辞令，诸侯因他而得利，为什么要放弃辞令呢？《诗》说：‘辞令和谐，百姓团结，辞令动听，百姓安定。’他已经懂得这个道理了。”
Wenbo returned to the court to report. Zhao Wenzi said: "That's right. It's really not good of us. We use a house to accommodate slaves to receive the princes. This is our sin." He sent Shi Wenbo to apologize and said that he was incompetent. Duke Ping of Jin received Duke Jiang of Zheng with great etiquette, held a very grand banquet, gave him even more generous gifts, and then asked him to go back. So he built a hotel to receive the princes. Shu Xiang said: "It is like this that rhetoric cannot be abandoned! Zichan is good at rhetoric, and the princes benefit from him, why should we give up rhetoric? "Poetry" said: 'The rhetoric is harmonious, the people are united, the rhetoric is pleasant, the people are stable.' He already understood this truth."
郑子皮使印段如楚，以适晋告，礼也。
Zheng Zipi entrusted the seal section to be like that of Chu, so as to be suitable for Jin's announcement, which is also the etiquette.
郑国的子皮派印段去楚国，先到晋国报告这件事，这是合于礼的。
Zipi of the State of Zheng sent Yin Duan to the State of Chu to report the matter to the State of Jin first, which was in line with etiquette.
莒犁比公生去疾及展舆，既立展舆，又废之。犁比公虐，国人患之。十一月，展舆因国人以攻莒子，弑之，乃立。去疾奔齐，齐出也。展舆，吴出也。书曰“莒人弑其君买朱鉏。”言罪之在也。
Juli Bi Gongsheng went away from illness and Zhanyu, established Zhanyu and then abolished it. The plow is more cruel than the public, and the people of the country suffer from it. In the eleventh month, Zhanyu was established because his countrymen attacked Juzi and killed him. Go and rush together, and come out together. Zhanyu, Wu came out. The book says, "The people of Ju killed their king and bought a red crest." This is a crime.
莒犁比公生了去疾和展舆，已经立了展舆，又废了他。犁比公暴虐，国内的人们为此担心。十一月，展舆倚靠国内的人们攻打莒犁比公，杀死了他，就自立为国君。去疾逃亡到齐国，因为他是齐女所生的。展舆是吴女所生，《春秋》记载说“莒人弑其君买朱鉏”，这是说罪过在于莒犁比公。
Juli Bigong begot Quji and Zhanyu, and Zhanyu was already established, but he was also deposed. The plow is more violent than the public, and people in the country are worried about it. In November, Zhanyu relied on the people in the country to attack Juli Bigong, killed him, and established himself as king. Quji fled to the state of Qi because he was born to a daughter of Qi. Zhanyu was born to a daughter of Wu. "Spring and Autumn" records that "Ju people killed their king and bought a red hairpin." This means that the crime lies with Juli Bigong.
吴子使屈狐庸聘于晋，通路也。赵文子问焉，曰：“延州来季子其果立乎？巢陨诸樊，阍戕戴吴，天似启之，何如？”对曰：“不立。是二王之命也，非启季子也。若天所启，其在今嗣君乎！甚德而度，德不失民，度不失事，民亲而事有序，其天所启也。有吴国者，必此君之子孙实终之。季子，守节者也。虽有国，不立。”
Wu Zi sent Qu Huyong to employ him in the Jin Dynasty, which was called Tongtong. Zhao Wenzi asked Yan, saying: "Will the fruit of Jizi be established when Yanzhou comes? Chao fell to all the Fans, Yanjian defeated Wu, and heaven seems to have revealed it. How about it?" He said to him, "No. It is the order of the two kings, not to launch Jizi. If it is revealed by heaven, it will not be established." This is the king who is very virtuous, and does not lose his virtue, and does not cause trouble, and the people are harmonious and things are orderly. If there is a country of Wu, the descendants of this king will live forever. Even if there is a country, it will not be established."
吴王派屈狐庸到晋国聘问，这是为了沟通吴、晋两国交往的道路。赵文子询问他，说：“延州来季子最终能立为国君吗？从前进攻巢地死了诸樊，看门人杀了戴吴，上天似乎为季子打开了做国君的大门，怎么样？”屈狐庸回答说：“不立。这是两位国王的命运不好，不是为季子打开做国君的大门。如果上天打开了大门，恐怕是为了现在的国君吧！他很有德行而又合于法度。有德行就不会失去百姓，合于法度就不会办错事情。百姓亲附而事情有秩序，大概是上天为他打开大门的。保有吴国的，最后一定是这位国君的子孙。季子，是保持节操的人，虽然他应享有国家，也是不愿做国君的。”
The King of Wu sent Qu Huyong to Jin to consult, in order to communicate the path of exchanges between Wu and Jin. Zhao Wenzi asked him, "Can Ji Zi come to Yanzhou and finally establish himself as a king? In the past, he attacked the nest and killed Zhufan, and the gatekeeper killed Dai Wu. God seems to have opened the door for Ji Zi to become a king. How about it?" Qu Huyong replied: "No. This is the bad fate of the two kings. It does not open the door for Ji Zi to become a king. If God has opened the door, I am afraid it is for Ji Zi to become a king." Let’s take the current king! He is very virtuous and obeys the law. If he is virtuous, he will not lose the people, and if he is in compliance with the law, he will not do anything wrong. God has probably opened the door for him. The descendants of the king must be the ones who keep the country of Wu. Although he deserves to enjoy the country, he does not want to be a king. "
十二月，北宫文子相卫襄公以如楚，宋之盟故也。过郑，印段廷劳于棐林，如聘礼而以劳辞。文子入聘。子羽为行人，冯简子与子大叔逆客。事毕而出，言于卫侯曰：“郑有礼，其数世之福也，其无大国之讨乎！《诗》曰：‘谁能执热，逝不以濯。’礼之于政，如热之有濯也。濯以救热，何患之有？”
In the twelfth month, Wenzi of Beigong defended Duke Xiang as if he were in Chu state, thus forming an alliance with the Song Dynasty. After passing Zheng, Yin Duanting worked in Feilin, and resigned with his labor like a betrothal gift. Wenzi was hired. Ziyu is a traveler, Feng Jianzi and Uncle Zi are uninvited guests. After finishing the matter, he said to the Marquis of Wei: "Zheng Youli, he has been blessed for several generations, but he has no power to ask for it! "Poetry" said: 'Who can hold on to heat, and when he dies, he will not wash it off.' Rituals are in politics, just as there is a wash on the heat. If a wash is used to save heat, why bother?"
十二月，北宫文子陪同卫襄公到楚国去，这是由于在宋国结盟的缘故。经过郑国，印段到棐林去慰劳他们，依照聘问的礼仪，而使用慰劳的辞令。文子进入国都聘问。子羽做行人，冯简子和太叔迎接客人。事情完毕以后文子出来，对卫襄公说：“郑国讲究礼仪，这是几代的福气，恐怕不会有大国去讨伐他吧！《诗》说：‘谁能耐热，不去洗澡。’礼仪对于政事，好像天热得要洗澡一样。洗澡用来消除炎热，有什么可担心的？”
In December, Beigong Wenzi accompanied Wei Xianggong to Chu State because of the alliance with Song State. After passing through the state of Zheng, Yin Duan went to Feilin to express condolences to them. He used words of condolence according to the etiquette of invitation. Wenzi entered the capital to ask questions. Ziyu was a pedestrian, while Feng Jianzi and Taishu greeted the guests. After the matter was over, Wenzi came out and said to Wei Xianggong: "Zheng Guo pays attention to etiquette. This is a blessing for generations. I am afraid no big country will attack him! "Poetry" says: 'Who can withstand the heat and does not take a bath.' Etiquette is to political affairs, just like taking a bath when the weather is hot. Taking a bath is to eliminate the heat, what is there to worry about?"
子产之従政也，择能而使之。冯简子能断大事，子大叔美秀而文，公孙挥能知四国之为，而辨于其大夫之族姓、班位、贵贱、能否，而又善为辞令，裨谌能谋，谋于野则获，谋于邑则否。郑国将有诸侯之事，子产乃问四国之为于子羽，且使多为辞令。与裨谌乘以适野，使谋可否。而告冯简子，使断之。事成，乃授子大叔使行之，以应对宾客。是以鲜有败事。北宫文子所谓有礼也。
Zichan's involvement in politics is to select talents and make them work. Feng Jianzi was able to judge important matters, his uncle was beautiful and elegant, Gongsun Hui was able to know the affairs of the four kingdoms, and he could distinguish the family name, rank, nobleness, and ability of the officials. He was also good at rhetoric, and he was able to make plans. If he planned in the field, he would gain, but if he planned in the city, he would not. Zheng Guo was about to have affairs with the princes. Zichan asked Ziyu what the four kingdoms were doing, and most of the envoys gave him instructions. Multiply it with Pei Chen to suit the wildness and make the plan feasible or not. Then sue Feng Jianzi and have him cut off. When the matter is accomplished, the uncle is entrusted with the task to deal with the guests. Therefore, there are few failures. Beigong Wenzi calls it polite.
子产参与政事，选择贤能而使用他们。冯简子能决断大事。子太叔外貌秀美而内有文采。子羽能了解四方诸侯的政令而且了解他们大夫的家族姓氏、官职爵位、地位贵贱、才能高低，又善于辞令。裨谌能出谋划策，在野外策划就正确，在城里策划就不得当。郑国将要有外交上的事情，子产就向子羽询问四方诸侯的政令，并且让他写一些有关的外交辞令稿；和裨谌一起坐车到野外去，让他策划是否可行；把结果告诉冯简子，让他决定。计划完成，就交给子太叔执行，交往诸侯应对宾客，所以很少有把事情办坏的时候。这就是北宫文子所说的讲究礼节。
Zichan participated in political affairs, selected talented people and used them. Feng Jianzi can make important decisions. Uncle Zi Taishu is beautiful in appearance and talented in literature. Ziyu could understand the political orders of the princes from all over the world, and also knew the family names, official titles, status, and talents of their officials. He was also good at rhetoric. If Pi Chen can make suggestions, his plans in the wild will be correct, but his plans in the city will be inappropriate. Zheng Guo was about to have a diplomatic matter, so Zichan asked Ziyu about the political orders of the princes from all over the world, and asked him to write some relevant diplomatic rhetoric; he and Pi Chen went to the countryside in a car to ask him whether the plan was feasible; he told Feng Jianzi the result and let him make a decision. After the plan was completed, it was handed over to Uncle Zi Taishu for execution. He dealt with the princes and dealt with the guests, so it was rare for things to go wrong. This is what Beigong Fumiko calls etiquette.
郑人游于乡校，以论执政。然明谓子产曰：“毁乡校，何如？”子产曰：“何为？夫人朝夕退而游焉，以议执政之善否。其所善者，吾则行之。其所恶者，吾则改之。是吾师也，若之何毁之？我闻忠善以损怨，不闻作威以防怨。岂不遽止，然犹防川，大决所犯，伤人必多，吾不克救也。不如小决使道。不如吾闻而药之也。”然明曰：“蔑也今而后知吾子之信可事也。小人实不才，若果行此，其郑国实赖之，岂唯二三臣？”
Zheng people visited rural schools to discuss governance. However, Ming asked Zichan, "What if you destroy the rural school?" Zichan said, "What? Madam, you retreat day and night to discuss whether the governance is good or not. If you do good things, I will do them. If you do bad things, I will change them. This is my teacher, how can I destroy it? I hear that loyalty is good to harm resentment, but I don't hear that it is power to prevent resentment. If you don't stop quickly, you will definitely hurt a lot of people, and I can't save it. It's better to use Xiaojue." Ran Ming said: "You know my son's trust is worth it. If you do this, how can Zheng Guo really rely on it?"
郑国人在乡校里游玩聚会，议论国家政事。然明对子产说：“毁了乡校怎么样？”子产说：“为什么？人们早晚事情完了到那里游玩，来议论政事的好坏。他们认为好的，我就推行它；他们所讨厌的，我就改掉它。这是我的老师。为什么要毁掉它？我听说用忠于为善，能减少怨恨，没有听说用摆出权威能防止怨恨。靠权威难道不能很快制止议论？但是就像防止河水一样：大水来了，伤人必然很多，我不能挽救。不如把水稍稍放掉一点加以疏通，不如让我听到这些话而作为药石。”然明说：“蔑从今以后知道您确实是可以成就大事的。小人实在没有才能。如果终于这样做下去，这确实有利于郑国，岂独有利于二三位大臣？”
The people of Zheng were having fun and gathering in the village school to discuss national affairs. Ran Ming said to Zichan, "How about destroying the rural school?" Zichan said, "Why? People go there morning and evening after work is over to discuss the quality of political affairs. If they think it is good, I will promote it; if they hate it, I will change it. This is my teacher. Why destroy it? I heard that using loyalty to do good can reduce resentment, but I have not heard that showing authority can prevent resentment. Can't relying on authority quickly? Stop the discussion? But it's like preventing a river: when the flood comes, it will hurt a lot of people, and I can't save it. It's better to let me hear these words and use them as medicine." Ran Ming said: "From now on, I know that you can achieve great things. If you continue to do this, it will really benefit Zheng Guo, not just the two or three ministers."
仲尼闻是语也，曰：“以是观之，人谓子产不仁，吾不信也。”
Zhongni heard this and said, "Looking at it from this point of view, people say it is unkind to have children, but I don't believe it."
孔子听到这些话，说：“从这里来看，别人说子产不仁，我不相信。”
When Confucius heard these words, he said: "Judging from this, I don't believe it when others say that childbirth is unkind."
子皮欲使尹何为邑。子产曰：“少，未知可否？”子皮曰：“愿，吾爱之，不吾叛也。使夫往而学焉，夫亦愈知治矣。”子产曰：“不可。人之爱人，求利之也。今吾子爱人则以政，犹未能操刀而使割也，其伤实多。子之爱人，伤之而已，其谁敢求爱于子？子于郑国，栋也，栋折榱崩，侨将厌焉，敢不尽言？子有美锦，不使人学制焉。大官、大邑，身之所庇也，而使学者制焉，其为美锦，不亦多乎？侨闻学而后入政，未闻以政学者也。若果行此，必有所害。譬如田猎，射御贯则能获禽，若未尝登车射御，则败绩厌覆是惧，何暇思获？”子皮曰：“善哉！虎不敏。吾闻君子务知大者、远者，小人务知小者、近者。我，小人也。衣服附在吾身，我知而慎之。大官、大邑所以庇身也，我远而慢之。微子之言，吾不知也。他日我曰：‘子为郑国，我为吾家，以庇焉，其可也。’今而后知不足。自今，请虽吾家，听子而行。”子产曰：“人心之不同，如其面焉。吾岂敢谓子面如吾面乎？抑心所谓危，亦以告也。”子皮以为忠，故委政焉。子产是以能为郑国。
Zipi wanted to make Yin He a city. Zichan said, "Young Master, I don't know if it is possible?" Zipi said, "I wish I would love her, and I will not betray you. I will teach you, and you will know how to cure me." Zichan said, "No. People who love others seek profit. Now my son loves others through government, but he has not been able to use the sword to cut him. The wounds are many. He only hurts his lover, who dares to ask for love? In the state of Zheng, the buildings are broken and the overseas generals are tired of it. How dare you not say anything about it? If you are a high-ranking official and a great city, how can you have a scholar? If you don't try to mount a chariot, you will be afraid of defeat. How can you think about it? "Zipi said: "How good! Tigers are not sensitive. I heard that a gentleman should know what is small and what is close. I am a small person. I know that the clothes are attached to me, so I am careful about it. , I don't know. In the future, I will say: "You are the country of Zheng, and I am my family. It's okay." Zichan was thought to be able to serve the state of Zheng.
子皮想要让尹何来治理自己的封邑。子产说：“尹何年纪轻，不知道能不能胜任。”子皮说：“这个人谨慎善良，我喜欢他，他不会背叛我的。让他去学习一下，他也就更加知道该怎么办事情了。”子产说：“不行。人家喜欢一个人，总是希望对这个人有利。现在您喜欢一个人却把政事交给他，这好像一个人不会用刀而让他去割东西，多半是要损伤他自己的。您喜欢他，不过是伤害他罢了，有谁还敢在您这里求得喜欢？您对于郑国来说是国家的栋梁。栋梁折断，椽子就会崩塌，侨将会被压在底下，我哪敢不把话全部说出来？您有了漂亮的丝绸，是不会让别人用它来学习裁制的。大官和大的封邑，是庇护自身的，反而让学习的人去裁制，这比起漂亮的丝绸来价值不就多得多吗？侨听说学习以后才能从政，没有听说用从政来学习的。如果真是这么办，一定有所伤害。譬如打猎，熟悉射箭驾车的，就能获得猎物，如果从没有登车射过箭驾过车，那么只担心翻车被压，哪里有闲心想获得猎物？”子皮说：“好啊！虎真是不聪明。我听说君子懂得大的远的，小人只懂得小的近的。我，是小人啊。衣服穿在我身上，我知道而且慎重对待它，大官和大的封邑是用来庇护自身的，我却疏远而且轻视它。要没有您的话，我是不知道的。从前我曾说过，您治理郑国，我治理我的家族以庇护我自己，这就可以了。从今以后才知道这样不行。从现在起我请求，虽然是我家族的事情，也听从您的意见去办理。”子产说：“每个人的想法不一样，好像他的面孔，我难道敢说您的面孔像我的面孔吗？不过心里觉得这样做是危险的，就把它告诉您了。”子皮认为他忠诚，所以把政事全交付给他。子产因此能够执掌郑国大权。
Zipi wanted to let Yin He govern his fiefdom. Zichan said: "Yin He is young and I don't know if he is qualified." Zipi said: "This man is cautious and kind. I like him and he will not betray me. Let him study and he will know better how to deal with things." Zichan said: "No. When people like someone, they always want to do something good for that person. Now if you like someone and leave political affairs to him, it is like asking him to cut things if he doesn't know how to use a knife. You will probably hurt him if you like him. How dare I ask for favor with you? You are the pillar of the country to Zheng. If the pillars are broken, the rafters will collapse, and the overseas Chinese will be crushed underneath. How dare I not say everything? You have beautiful silk, and you will not let others use it to learn tailoring. Yes. High officials and large feudal lords protect themselves, but let those who study make them. Isn't this much more valuable than beautiful silk? I heard that you can only study in politics, but I have never heard of it. If this is really the case, it must be done. For example, in hunting, if you are familiar with archery and driving, you can get prey. If you have never shot an arrow and driven in a car, then you only have to worry about being crushed. "Zipi said: "Okay! I heard that tigers are really not smart. A gentleman understands the big things that are far away, but the villain only understands the small things that are close. I am a villain. I know and take care of the clothes I wear, but the high officials and the big feudal houses are used to protect myself, but I am distant and despise them. I don’t know. I said before that it was okay for you to govern the country of Zheng and for me to govern my family to protect myself. From now on, I know that this is not possible. From now on, I request that even if it is my family’s matter, I will listen to your opinion.” Zichan said: "Everyone has different ideas, just like his face. Do I dare to say that your face is like mine? But I felt that it was dangerous to do so, so I told you." Zipi thought that he was loyal, so he entrusted all political affairs to him. Therefore, Zichan was able to take charge of the power of Zheng State.
卫侯在楚，北宫文子见令尹围之威仪，言于卫侯曰：“令尹似君矣！将有他志，虽获其志，不能终也。《诗》云：‘靡不有初，鲜克有终。’终之实难，令尹其将不免？”公曰：“子何以知之？”对曰：“《诗》云：‘敬慎威仪，惟民之则。’令尹无威仪，民无则焉。民所不则，以在民上，不可以终。”公曰：“善哉！何谓威仪？”对曰：“有威而可畏谓之威，有仪而可象谓之仪。君有君之威仪，其臣畏而爱之，则而象之，故能有其国家，令闻长世。臣有臣之威仪，其下畏而爱之，故能守其官职，保族宜家。顺是以下皆如是，是以上下能相固也。《卫诗》曰：‘威仪棣棣，不可选也。’言君臣、上下、父子、兄弟、内外、大小皆有威仪也。《周诗》曰：‘朋友攸摄，摄以威仪。’言朋友之道，必相教训以威仪也。《周书》数文王之德，曰：‘大国畏其力，小国怀其德。’言畏而爱之也。《诗》云：‘不识不知，顺帝之则。’言则而象之也。纣囚文王七年，诸侯皆従之囚。纣于是乎惧而归之，可谓爱之。文王伐崇，再驾而降为臣，蛮夷帅服，可谓畏之。文王之功，天下诵而歌舞之，可谓则之，文王之行，至今为法，可谓象之。有威仪也。故君子在位可畏，施舍可爱，进退可度，周旋可则，容止可观，作事可法，德行可象，声气可乐，动作有文，言语有章，以临其下，谓之有威仪也。”
When the Marquis of Wei was in Chu, Beigong Wenzi saw the majesty of Ling Yinwei and said to the Marquis of Wei: "Your Majesty is like a king! He will have other ambitions. Even if he achieves his ambitions, he will not be able to end. "Poetry" says: 'There is no beginning for a long time, and there is an end for a rare Ke.' The end is really difficult. "How do you know this?" The Duke said, "The poem says: 'Respecting the authority is the rule of the people.' If the people don't follow the rules, then you can't live up to the people." The duke said, "Excellent! What is majesty?" He replied, "If you have majesty, you can call it majesty, and if you have etiquette, you can call it majesty. If your ministers fear and love you, you can have a good state." World. The ministers have the dignity of ministers, and their subordinates fear and love them, so they can maintain their official positions and protect their families and families. This is true for the superiors and subordinates. "Wei Shi" said: "The emperor and his ministers cannot be chosen." , superior and inferior, father and son, brother, inside and outside, great and small, all have dignity. "Book of Zhou" says: "Friends are photographed with dignity." When talking about the way of friends, they must teach each other with dignity. "Book of Zhou" states: "The big country is afraid of its power, and the small country cherishes its virtue." "Poetry" says: "It is the rule to obey the emperor." Zhou imprisoned King Wen for seven years, so the princes were afraid and returned. This can be said to be loved. King Wen defeated Chong and then made him a minister. The barbarians were in command, which can be said to be feared. King Wen's achievements are recited and danced in the world, which can be said to be followed. King Wen's actions are still the law and are regarded as majestic. . Therefore, a gentleman is feared in his position, his charity is lovely, his advance and retreat can be controlled, his maneuvers are manageable, his tolerance and restraint are impressive, his actions are lawful, his virtues are imageable, his voice is pleasant, his actions are well-written, and his speech is well-organized, so he is said to have authority."
卫襄公在楚国，北宫文子见到楚令尹围的仪表，对卫襄公说：“令尹的言行像国君了，将要有别的想法。虽然能实现这种想法，但是不能善终。《诗》说：‘什么都有个开头，可是很少能有好的结束。’善终实在很难，令尹恐怕要不能免于祸难。”卫襄公说：“你怎么知道？”北宫文子回答说：“《诗》说：‘恭敬而慎重地使用威仪，因为它是百姓的准则。’令尹没有威仪，百姓就没有准则。百姓所不会效法的人，而在百姓之上，就不能善终。”卫襄公说：“好啊！什么叫威仪？”北宫文子回答说：“有威严而使人能害怕叫做威，有仪表而使人能仿效叫做仪。国君有国君的威仪，他的臣子敬畏而爱戴他，把他作为准则而仿效他，所以能保有他的国家，有好名声，传于子孙后代。臣子有臣子的威仪，他的下面害怕而爱护他，所以能保住他的官职，保护家族，使家庭和睦。按照这个次序以下都像这样，因此上下能够互相巩固。《卫诗》说‘威仪安详，好处不能计量’，这是说君臣、上下、父子、兄弟、内外、大小都有威仪。《周诗》说，‘朋友之间互相辅助，所用的就是威仪’，这是说朋友之道一定要用威仪来互相教导。《周书》列举文王的德行，说，‘大国害怕他的力量，小国怀念他的恩德’，这是说对他既害怕而又爱护。《诗》说，‘无知无识，顺着天帝的准则’，这是说把他作为准则而加以仿效。殷纣王囚禁周文王七年，诸侯跟着他去坐牢，纣王于是就害怕而把文王放了回去。可以说是敬爱文王了，文王攻打崇国，两次发兵，崇国就降服为臣，蛮夷相继归服，可以说是害怕文王了。文王的功业，天下赞诵而歌舞，可以说以文王为准则了。文王的措施，到今天还作为法则，可以说是仿效文王了。这是因为有威仪的缘故。所以君子在官位上可使人怕他，施舍可使人爱他，进退可以作为法度，应付得体，容貌举止可以值得观赏，做事情可以让人学习，德行可以作为仿效，声音气度可以使人高兴，举动有修养，说话有条理，用这些来对待下面的人，这就叫做有威仪。”
Duke Xiang of Wei was in Chu State. Beigong Wenzi saw the appearance of Yin Wei, the king of Chu, and said to Duke Xiang of Wei: "Your words and deeds are like that of a king, and you will have other ideas. Although this idea can be realized, it will not end well. "Poetry" says: 'Everything has a beginning, but it rarely ends well.' It is really difficult to have a good ending, and your commander may not be able to avoid disaster." said Duke Xiang of Wei. "How do you know?" Beigong Wenzi replied: "The Book of Songs says: 'Use majesty respectfully and carefully, because it is the standard for the people.' Without majesty, the people will have no rules. People who are not followed by the people will not be able to live well." Wei Xianggong said, "Okay! What is majesty?" Beigong Wenzi replied, "With majesty, the people will have no rules." It is called prestige to make people fear, and it is called etiquette to have an appearance that makes people imitate. A king has the majesty of a king, and his ministers respect and love him, and follow him as a standard, so he can keep his country and have a good reputation, which is passed down to future generations. Harmony. According to this order, the following are like this, so the superiors and the subordinates can strengthen each other. "Wei Shi" says that "the benefits of dignity are immeasurable", which means that monarchs and ministers, superiors and subordinates, fathers and sons, brothers, internal and external, and big and small all have dignity. "Zhou Shi" says, "Friends use dignity to help each other." This means that friends must use dignity to teach each other. "Book of Zhou" lists King Wen's virtues and says, "The big countries are afraid of his power, and the small countries miss his kindness." This means that they both fear and love him. "Poetry" says, "Ignorant and ignorant, follow the rules of the Emperor of Heaven." This means to follow him as a rule. King Zhou of Yin imprisoned King Wen of Zhou for seven years, and the princes followed him to prison. King Zhou was afraid and released King Wen back. It can be said that they respected King Wen. King Wen attacked Chongguo and sent troops twice. Chongguo surrendered as a vassal. The barbarians surrendered one after another. It can be said that they were afraid of King Wen. The achievements of King Wen were praised and danced all over the world. It can be said that King Wen was the standard. King Wen's measures are still regarded as rules today. It can be said that he imitated King Wen. This is because of the dignity. Therefore, a gentleman's official position can make people fear him, his charity can make people love him, his progress and retreat can be used as rules, and he can deal with things appropriately. His appearance and behavior can be admired, his actions can be learned by others, his virtue can be imitated, his voice and demeanor can make people happy, his actions are cultivated, and his speech is orderly. Using these to treat the people below him is called having dignity. "
