【经】
十年春王正月。夏，齐栾施来奔。秋七月，季孙意如、叔弓、仲孙玃帅师伐莒。戊子，晋侯彪卒。九月，叔孙婼如晋，葬晋平公。十有二月甲子，宋公成卒。
The first month of spring in the tenth year. In the summer, Qi Luanshi came to run. In the seventh month of autumn, Ji Sun Yiru, Shu Gong and Zhong Sun Xun led their troops to attack Ju. Wuzi, Marquis Biao of Jin died. In the ninth month, uncle Sunnu was buried in Jin Ping Gong. On the tenth day of the twelfth month, Duke Cheng died.
【传】
【Biography】
十年春，王正月，有星出于婺女。郑裨灶言于子产曰：“七月戊子，晋君将死。今兹岁在颛顼之虚，姜氏、任氏实守其地。居其维首，而有妖星焉，告邑姜也。邑姜，晋之妣也。天以七纪。戊子，逢公以登，星斯于是乎出。吾是以讥之。”
In the spring of ten years, during the first month of the lunar month, a star appeared from Wu Nu. Zheng Pizao said to Zichan: "In the seventh month of Wuzi, the king of Jin is about to die. This year is in Zhuanxu's absence, and the Jiang family and the Ren family are actually guarding their territory. They are at the head of the Wei Dynasty, and there is a demon star Yan, who tells Yijiang. Yijiang is the concubine of Jin. Heaven has seven disciplines. Wuzi, when the Duke ascended the throne, the star came out. I am ridiculing him."
十年春季，周王朝历法的正月，有一颗星出现在婺女宿。郑国的裨灶对子产说：“七月初三日，晋国国君将要死去。现在岁星在玄枵，姜氏、任氏保守着这里的土地，婺女宿正当玄枵的首位，而有了妖星在这里出现，这是预告灾祸将要归于邑姜。邑姜，是晋侯的先妣。上天用七来记数，七月初三日，是逢公的死日，妖星就在这时候出现了，我是用它占卜而知道的。”
In the spring of ten years, in the first month of the Zhou Dynasty calendar, a star appeared in Wu Nu Su. Bizao of the State of Zheng said to Zichan: "On the third day of the seventh month, the king of the Jin State is about to die. Now the Sui star is in Xuanzhen, the Jiang family and the Ren family are guarding the land here, and the Wunu constellation is at the top of Xuanzhen, and there is a demon star appearing here. Now, this is a prediction that disaster will befall Yijiang. Yijiang is the descendant of the Marquis of Jin. Heaven uses seven to count it. The third day of the seventh month is the day of Feng Gong’s death. The demon star appeared at this time. I used it for divination. "
齐惠栾、高氏皆耆酒，信内多怨，强于陈、鲍氏而恶之。
Hui Luan and Gao of Qi were both old men and had a lot of resentment in their letters. They were stronger than Chen and Bao and hated them.
齐惠公的后代栾氏、高氏都喜欢喝酒，听信女人的话，所以别人的怨恨很多，势力比陈氏、鲍氏还要大而又讨厌陈氏、鲍氏。
The descendants of Duke Hui of Qi, the Luan family and the Gao family, both liked to drink and listened to women, so they had a lot of resentment from others. They were more powerful than the Chen family and the Bao family, and they hated the Chen family and the Bao family.
夏，有告陈桓子曰：“子旗、子良将攻陈、鲍。”亦告鲍氏。桓子授甲而如鲍氏，遭子良醉而骋，遂见文子，则亦授甲矣。使视二子，则皆従饮酒。桓子曰：“彼虽不信，闻我授甲，则必逐我。及其饮酒也，先伐诸？”陈、鲍方睦，遂伐栾、高氏。子良曰：“先得公，陈、鲍焉往？”遂伐虎门。
In the summer, Chen Huanzi was informed and said: "Ziqi and Ziliang will attack Chen and Bao." He also informed Bao. When Huanzi gave him armor, he was just like Bao. When Ziliang got drunk and galloped, he met Wenzi and he also gave him armor. If you look at the two sons, they will all drink. Huanzi said: "Although they don't believe it, they will definitely chase me away when they hear that I have given them armor. They are drinking wine, so they should attack them first?" Chen and Bao were in harmony, so they attacked Luan and Gao. Ziliang said: "First get the Duke. How can Chen and Bao go?" Then he attacked Humen.
夏季，有人告诉陈桓子说：“子良、子旗将要进攻陈氏、鲍氏。”同时也告诉了鲍氏。陈桓子把兵器发给部下并且亲自到鲍氏那里，路上遇到子良喝醉了酒而骑马奔驰，就进见鲍文子，鲍文子也已经把兵器发下去了。派人去看子良、子旗两个人，他们都准备喝酒。陈桓子说：“他们将攻打我们的传闻即使不真实，但是他们听说我发下兵器，就一定会追赶我们。趁着他们在喝酒，抢先攻打他们怎么样？”陈氏、鲍氏正在和睦的时候，就攻打栾氏、高氏。子良说：“先得到国君的支持，陈氏、鲍氏往哪里去？”于是就攻打虎门。
In the summer, someone told Chen Huanzi: "Ziliang and Ziqi are going to attack Chen and Bao." At the same time, Bao was also told. Chen Huanzi distributed the weapons to his subordinates and went to Bao's place in person. On the way, he met Ziliang drunk and riding a horse, so he went to see Bao Wenzi, who had also distributed the weapons. Someone was sent to see Ziliang and Ziqi. They were both ready to drink. Chen Huanzi said: "Even if the rumors that they will attack us are not true, when they hear that I have sent out weapons, they will definitely chase us. How about attacking them first while they are drinking?" When the Chen family and the Bao family were at peace, they attacked the Luan family and the Gao family. Ziliang said: "First of all, with the support of the monarch, where will Chen and Bao go?" So he attacked Humen.
晏平仲端委立于虎门之外，四族召之，无所往。其徒曰：“助陈、鲍乎？”曰：“何善焉？”“助栾、高乎？”曰：“庸愈乎？”“然则归乎？”曰：“君伐，焉归？”公召之而后入。公卜使王黑以灵姑銔（pī，杜预注：公旗名。）率，吉，请断三尺焉而用之。五月庚辰，战于稷，栾、高败，又败诸庄。国人追之，又败诸鹿门。栾施、高强来奔。陈、鲍分其室。
Yan Ping and Zhongduan were appointed outside Humen. The four tribes summoned him, but they had nowhere to go. His disciples asked: "Assist Chen, Bao?" He said: "How good is it?" "Assist Luan, how high?" He said: "Mediocre recovery?" "But then return?" He said: "How can you return when you attack?" The public summoned him and came in later. Wang Hei, the public divination envoy, used Linggu Pi (pī, Du Xuan's note: the name of the public flag.) as a guide. Ji, please cut off three feet and use it. In the Gengchen period of the fifth month, we fought in Ji. Luan and Gao were defeated, and Zhuzhuang was also defeated. The people of the country pursued him and defeated Lumen again. Luan Shi and Gao Qiang came to run. Chen and Bao were divided into separate rooms.
晏平仲穿着朝服站在虎门外边，四个家族召见他，他都不去。他的手下人说：“帮助陈氏、鲍氏吗？”晏平仲说：“他们有什么好处值得帮助？”“帮助栾氏、高氏吗？”晏平仲说：“难道能胜过陈氏、鲍氏？”“那么回去吗？”晏平仲说：“国君被攻打，回哪里去？”齐景公召见他，然后进去。齐景公为了派王黑用龙旗领兵而占卜，吉利，请求砍去三尺以后再使用。五月某日，在稷地作战，栾氏、高氏战败，在庄地又击败他们。国内的人们追赶他们，又在鹿门再次击败他们。栾施、高彊逃亡到鲁国来，陈氏、鲍氏分了他们的家产。
Yan Pingzhong stood outside Humen in court clothes. Four families summoned him, but he did not go. His men asked: "Help the Chen family and the Bao family?" Yan Pingzhong said: "What benefits do they have to help?" "Help the Luan family and the Gao family?" Yan Pingzhong said: "Can it be better than the Chen family and the Bao family?" "Then go back?" Yan Pingzhong said: "The king is attacked, where to go back?" Qi Jinggong summoned him and went in. In order to send Wang Hei to lead the troops with the dragon flag, Duke Jin of Qi divined good luck and asked to cut off three feet before using it. On a certain day in May, the Luan family and the Gao family were defeated in the battle at Jidi, and they were defeated again at Zhuangdi. The people of the country pursued them and defeated them again at Deer Gate. Luan Shi and Gao Qiang fled to the State of Lu, and the Chen family and the Bao family divided their property.
晏子谓桓子：“必致诸公。让，德之主也，谓懿德。凡有血气，皆有争心，故利不可强，思义为愈。义，利之本也，蕴利生孽。姑使无蕴乎！可以滋长。”桓子尽致诸公，而请老于莒。
Yanzi said to Huanzi: "I must pay attention to all the princes. Rang, the master of virtue, is called Yide. All blood and blood are eager to compete, so benefits cannot be overpowered, and thinking about justice is better. Justice, the root of benefit, accumulates benefits and brings evil. If there is no accumulation! It can grow." Huanzi paid tribute to all the gentlemen, and invited Lao Yu Ju.
晏子对陈桓子说：“一定要把获得的栾氏、高氏家产交给国君。谦让，是德行的根本，让给别人叫做美德。凡是有血气的人，都有争夺之心，所以利益不能勉强，想着道义就能胜过别人。道义，是利益的根本。积聚利益就会产生妖孽。姑且使它不要积聚吧！可以让它慢慢地生长。”陈桓子把陈氏、鲍氏的家产全都交给齐景公，并请求在莒地告老退休。
Yanzi said to Chen Huanzi: "You must give the property of the Luan family and the Gao family to the king. Humility is the foundation of virtue, and giving it to others is called virtue. All flesh-and-blood people have a desire to compete, so benefits cannot be forced, and morality can be achieved Better than others. Morality is the foundation of benefit. Let's not let it accumulate." Chen Huanzi handed over all the property of Chen and Bao to Qi Jinggong and asked to retire in Ju.
桓子召子山，私具幄幕、器用、従者之衣屦，而反棘焉。子商亦如之，而反其邑。子周亦如之，而与之夫于。反子城、子公、公孙捷，而皆益其禄。凡公子、公孙之无禄者，私分之邑。国之贫约孤寡者，私与之粟。曰：“《诗》云：‘陈锡载周’，能施也，桓公是以霸。”
Huanzi Zhao Zishan, privately equipped with curtains, utensils and clothes, turned out to be thorny. Zishang did the same thing and turned against his own town. Zizhou did the same thing and lived with her husband. Anti-Zicheng, Zigong, and Gongsunjie will all benefit from their wealth. Any prince or grandson who has no salary will be divided into private towns. When the country is poor, the orphans and widowed people are given privately. Said: "The "Poetry" says: 'Chen Xi Zaizhou' is capable of giving, and Duke Huan is the one who dominates."
陈桓子召见子山，私下准备了帷幕、器物、从者的衣服鞋子，并把棘地还给了子山。对子商也像这样做，而把封邑也还给了子商，对子周也是这样，而把夫于给了他。让子城、子公、公孙捷回国，并且都增加了他们的俸禄。凡是公子、公孙中没有俸禄的，私下把封邑分给他们。对国内贫困孤寡的人，私下给他们粮食。他说“《诗》说，‘把受到的赏赐摆出来赐给别人就创建了周朝’，这就是能够施舍的缘故。齐桓公因此而成为霸主。”
Chen Huanzi summoned Zishan, privately prepared curtains, utensils, clothes and shoes for his followers, and returned the thorn land to Zishan. He did the same thing to Zishang, and returned the fief to Zishang. He did the same to Zizhou, and gave his husband to him. Let Zicheng, Zigong, and Gongsunjie return to the country, and their salaries will be increased. All the princes and grandsons who do not have a salary will be given private fiefs to them. For the poor and widowed people in the country, they would be given food privately. He said, "The Book of Songs says, 'The Zhou Dynasty was founded by giving the rewards to others.' This is why he was able to give alms. Qi Huangong became the overlord because of this."
公与桓子莒之旁邑，辞。穆孟姬为之请高唐，陈氏始大。秋七月，平子伐莒，取郠（gěng，莒地，后属鲁，故址在今山东省沂水县境），献俘，始用人于亳社。臧武仲在齐，闻之，曰：“周公其不飨鲁祭乎！周公飨义，鲁无义。《诗》曰：‘德音孔昭，视民不佻。’佻之谓甚矣，而壹用之，将谁福哉？”
The duke and Huanzi left the neighboring town of Ju. Mu Mengji invited Gaotang to help him, and the Chen family began to grow. In the seventh month of autumn, Pingzi attacked Ju, took gěng (Judi, later belonged to Lu, the former site is in today's Yishui County, Shandong Province), offered prisoners, and began to employ people in Boshe. Zang Wuzhong was in Qi, and when he heard about it, he said: "Duke Zhou, he didn't enjoy Lu's sacrifice! Duke Zhou only enjoyed righteousness, but Lu had no righteousness." "Poetry" said: "The sound of virtue is Kong Zhao, and the people are not frivolous." The term 任 is very important, but once you use it, who will be blessed?"
齐景公把莒地旁边的城邑赐给陈桓子，他辞谢了。穆孟姬为他请求高唐，陈氏开始昌大。秋季，七月，季平子进攻莒国，占领郠地。奉献俘虏，在亳社开始用人祭祀。臧武子在齐国，听到了这件事，说：“周公大约不去享用鲁国的祭祀了吧！周公享用合于道义的祭祀，鲁国不符合道义。《诗》说：‘那德行声誉特别显明，让百姓不要轻佻随便。’现在的做法可以说轻佻随便得过分了，而把人同牲畜一样使用，上天将会降福给谁呀！”
Duke Jinggong of Qi gave Chen Huanzi the city next to Ju, but he declined. Mu Mengji asked Gaotang for him, and the Chen family began to grow. In autumn, in the seventh month, Ji Pingzi attacked the state of Ju and occupied the land of Xi. They dedicated captives and began to use human sacrifices in Boshe. Zang Wuzi, who was in Qi State, heard about this and said: "The Duke of Zhou will probably not go to enjoy the sacrifices of the State of Lu! The Duke of Zhou enjoys the sacrifices of the State of Lu, which is in line with the moral principles. The "Poetry" said: "The reputation of virtue is particularly obvious, so the people should not be frivolous and casual." The current practice can be said to be too frivolous. If people are used like animals, God will bless them!"
戊子，晋平公卒。郑伯如晋，及河，晋人辞之。游吉遂如晋。九月，叔孙婼（chuò）、齐国弱、宋华定、卫北宫喜、郑罕虎、许人、曹人、莒人、邾人、薛人、杞人、小邾人如晋，葬平公也。
Wuzi, died of Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty. Zheng Bo was like Jin, reaching the river, and Jin people dismissed him. You Ji is like Jin. In the ninth month, Shu Sunnu (chuò), Qi Guoruo, Song Huading, Wei Beigongxi, Zheng Hanhu, Xu people, Cao people, Ju people, Zhu people, Xue people, Qi people, Xiaolu people, Ru Jin, buried Ping Gong.
七月初三日，晋平公死了。郑简公去晋国，到达黄河，晋国人辞谢了，游吉就去到晋国。九月，叔孙婼、齐国国弱、宋国华定、卫国北宫喜、郑国罕虎、许人、曹人、莒人、邾人、滕人、薛人、杞人、小邾人到晋国去，这是为了安葬晋平公。
On the third day of the seventh month, Duke Ping of Jin died. Duke Jiang of Zheng went to Jin and reached the Yellow River. The people of Jin said goodbye, and You Ji went to Jin. In the ninth month, Shusun Nu, Qi Guowu, Song Huading, Wei Beigongxi, Zheng Hanhu, Xu, Cao, Ju, Zhu, Teng, Xue, Qi and Xiaolu went to Jin to bury Duke Ping of Jin.
郑子皮将以币行。子产曰：“丧焉用币？用币必百两，百两必千人，千人至，将不行。不行，必尽用之。几千人而国不亡？”子皮固请以行。既葬，诸侯之大夫欲因见新君。叔孙昭子曰：“非礼也。”弗听。叔向辞之，曰：“大夫之事毕矣。而又命孤，孤斩焉在衰绖之中。其以嘉服见，则丧礼未毕。其以丧服见，是重受吊也。大夫将若之何？”皆无辞以见。子皮尽用其币，归，谓子羽曰：“非知之实难，将在行之。夫子知之矣，我则不足。《书》曰：‘欲败度，纵败礼。’我之谓矣。夫子知度与礼矣，我实纵欲而不能自克也。”
Zheng Zipi will travel with coins. Zichan said: "How can we use coins for mourning? The coins must be a hundred taels, and a hundred taels must be used for thousands of people. When a thousand people arrive, it will not work. If it cannot be done, they must be used up. How can the country survive with a few thousand people?" Zipi Gu asked him to do it. After the burial, the officials of the princes wanted to see the new king. Uncle Sun Zhaozi said: "It's not polite." He didn't listen. Shuxiang resigned and said: "The doctor's work is over. And he is alone. How can he be cut off in his decline? If he is seen in honorary clothes, the funeral ceremony has not been completed. If he is seen in mourning clothes, it is a heavy hanging. What will the doctor do?" No one can say anything. Zipi used up all his coins, returned home, and said to Ziyu: "It is difficult to do without knowledge, but I will do it. Master knows it, but I am not enough. "Book" says: 'If you want to defeat the measure, you will lose the ritual.' I said it. Master, knowledge and courtesy are true, but I really indulge in lust and cannot control myself."
郑国的子皮准备带着财礼前去，子产说：“吊丧哪里要用财礼，用财礼一定要一百辆车拉，一定要一千人。一千人到那里，一时不会回来。不回来，财物一定会用光。几千人的礼物出去几次，国家还有不灭亡的？”子皮坚决请求带着财礼出去。安葬完毕，诸侯的大夫想要乘机拜见新国君。叔孙昭子说：“这是不合于礼的。”大家不听。叔向辞谢他们，说：“大夫们的送葬事情已经完了，又命令我与诸卿相见，我哀痛地处在服丧期间，如果用吉服相见，那么丧礼还没有完毕；如果以丧服相见，这就是再受一次吊唁。大夫们准备怎么办？”大家都没有理由再请求拜见。子皮用光了他带去的财礼。回国后，对子羽说：“并不是难于懂得道理，难在实行。他老人家懂得道理，我对道理还懂得不够。《书》说‘欲望败坏法度，放纵败坏礼仪’，这就是说我啊。他老人家懂得法度和礼仪了，我确实是放纵欲望，又不能自我克制。”
Zipi from the state of Zheng was about to go there with gifts. Zichan said: "There are no gifts for mourning. To use gifts, one must have a hundred chariots and a thousand people. If a thousand people arrive there, they will not come back for a while. If they don't come back, the wealth will be used up. How many times can the country survive without gifts from thousands of people?" Zipi firmly requested to go out with gifts. After the burial was completed, the officials of the princes wanted to take the opportunity to pay homage to the new king. Uncle Sun Zhaozi said: "This is not in line with etiquette." Everyone did not listen. Shuxiang thanked them and said: "The officials have finished the funeral, and they have ordered me to meet with you. I am in mourning. If I meet you in auspicious clothes, the funeral is not over yet; if you meet me in mourning clothes, it is another condolence. What are the officials going to do?" No one has any reason to ask for an audience again. Zipi used up all the gifts he brought. After returning home, he said to Ziyu: "It's not that it's difficult to understand the principles, but it's difficult to implement them. He understands the principles, but I don't understand the principles well enough. "The Book" says, 'Desire corrupts the laws, and indulgence corrupts the etiquette.' This means me. He understands the laws and etiquette, but I really indulge my desires and cannot control myself."
昭子至自晋，大夫皆见。高强见而退。昭子语诸大夫曰：“为人子，不可不慎也哉！昔庆封亡，子尾多受邑而稍致诸君，君以为忠而甚宠之。将死，疾于公宫，辇而归，君亲推之。其子不能任，是以在此。忠为令德，其子弗能任，罪犹及之，难不慎也？丧夫人之力，弃德旷宗，以及其身，不亦害乎？《诗》曰：‘不自我先，不自我后。’其是之谓乎！”
From Zhaozi to Jin Dynasty, all the officials saw him. Gao Qiang retreated. Zhaozi said to the officials: "As a son of a man, you must not be careless! In the past when the Qing Dynasty was conquered, the son Wei received many towns and was slightly favored by the kings. The king thought he was loyal and favored him very much. When he was about to die, he was sick in the palace and returned in his chariot. The king personally recommended him. His son could not be allowed to do anything. This is So here it is. Loyalty is a virtue, and if your son cannot do it, how can he be careless? If he loses his wife's strength and abandons his family, wouldn't it be harmful to him? "Poetry" says: "Don't put yourself first, don't put yourself last."
昭子从晋国归来，大夫们都来进见。高彊进见以后就退了出去。昭子对大夫们说：“做一个人的儿子不能不谨慎啊！过去庆封逃亡，子尾接受城邑之后，又稍稍奉还给国君一部分，国君认为他忠诚，因而很宠信他。临死以前，在公宫得病，坐上车子回家，国君亲自推着他走。他的儿子不能继承父业，因此在这里。忠诚是美德，他的儿子不能继承，罪过就会延及到他身上，怎么能不谨慎呢？丧失了那个人的功劳，丢掉德行，让宗庙闲空而无人祭祀，而罪过就延及到他身上，不也是祸害吗？《诗》说，‘忧患的到来不在我前头，也不在我后头’，说的就是这个吧！”
When Zhaozi returned from Jin, all the officials came to see him. Gao Qiang walked out after entering. Zhaozi said to the officials: "You have to be cautious when you are a son! In the past, when Qingfeng fled, Ziwei took over the city and returned a small part to the king. The king thought he was loyal, so he favored him. Before he died, he fell ill in the palace and got on the carriage to go home. The king personally pushed him away. His son could not inherit his father's business, so he is here. Zhongzi Honesty is a virtue, and if his son cannot inherit it, the sin will be extended to him. How can he be careless? If he loses his merits and virtues, and leaves the ancestral temple empty without anyone offering sacrifices, then the sin will be extended to him. Isn't it also a disaster? "Poetry" says, "The arrival of sorrow is not before me, nor behind me." This is what it means!
冬十二月，宋平公卒。初，元公恶寺人柳。欲杀之。及丧，柳炽炭于位，将至，则去之。比葬，又有宠。
In the twelfth month of winter, Duke Ping of Song Dynasty died. At the beginning, Yuan Gong was evil to the eunuch Liu. Want to kill him. At the time of mourning, Liu Chitan was in place, and when he was about to arrive, he left. Compared with burial, there is also favor.
冬季，十二月，宋平公死去。当初，宋元公讨厌寺人柳，想要杀死他。等到有了丧事，寺人柳在元公坐的地方烧上炭火，元公将要到达，就把炭撤去。等到安葬以后，寺人柳又得到了宠信。
In winter, in December, Song Pinggong died. At first, Duke Yuan of Song Dynasty hated the eunuch Liu and wanted to kill him. When there was a funeral, the eunuch Liu lit a charcoal fire where Yuan Gong was sitting. When Yuan Gong was about to arrive, he removed the charcoal. After the burial, eunuch Liu gained favor again.
