【经】
十有一年春王二月，叔弓如宋。葬宋平公。夏四月丁巳，楚子虔诱蔡侯般杀之于申。楚公子弃疾帅师围蔡。五月甲申，夫人归氏薨。大蒐于比蒲。仲孙玃会邾子，盟于祲祥。秋，季孙意如会晋韩起、齐国弱、宋华亥、卫北宫佗、郑罕虎、曹人、杞人于厥慭。九月己亥，葬我小君齐归。冬十有一月丁酉，楚师灭蔡，执蔡世子有以归，用之。
In the second month of the spring king of the tenth year, my uncle's bow is as good as that of the Song Dynasty. Buried Duke Ping of Song Dynasty. In the fourth month of summer, at Dingsi, Chu Ziqian tempted Cai Hou Ban to kill Yu Shen. Chu Gongzi abandoned Ji and sent his troops to surround Cai. In the fifth month of Jiashen, my wife passed away. Big search in Bipu. Zhongsun Xun met Zhuzi and formed an alliance with Xixiang. In the autumn, Ji Sunyi met with Jin Hanqi, Qi Guoqiu, Song Huahai, Wei Beigong Tuo, Zheng Hanhu, Cao Ren and Qi Ren in Jue Xuan. In the ninth month of the lunar month, my little king was buried and returned together. On the tenth day of winter, on the first day of the month, Dingyou, the Chu army destroyed Cai, and the prince of Cai returned with him and used it.
【传】
【Biography】
十一年春，王二月，叔弓如宋，葬平公也。
In the spring of the eleventh year, in the second month of the king's reign, his uncle's bow was as good as that of the Song Dynasty, so he buried Ping Gong.
十一年春季，周王朝历法的二月，叔弓到宋国去，这是为了安葬宋平公。
In the spring of the eleventh year, in the second month of the Zhou Dynasty calendar, Shu Gong went to the Song Dynasty to bury Duke Ping of Song Dynasty.
景王问于苌弘曰：“今兹诸侯，何实吉？何实凶？”对曰：“蔡凶。此蔡侯般弑其君之岁也，岁在豕韦，弗过此矣。楚将有之，然壅也。岁及大梁，蔡复，楚凶，天之道也。”
King Jing asked Yu Changhong, "How are the princes today really lucky? How really unlucky are they?" He said to him, "Cai is fierce. This is the age when the Marquis of Cai killed his king. He was in Shewei at the age of 10, and it cannot be more than this. There are generals in Chu, but they are blocked. At the age of Daliang, Cai Fu, Chu is evil, this is the way of heaven."
周景王向苌弘询问说：“现在诸侯之中，哪里吉祥，哪里凶险？”苌弘回答说：“蔡国凶险。这是蔡侯般杀死他国君的年份。岁星在豕韦，不会过这一年了。楚国将会据有蔡国，然而这是积累邪恶。岁星到达大梁，蔡国复国，楚国不吉利，这是上天的常道。”
King Zhou Jing asked Chang Hong: "Among the princes, where is the auspiciousness and where is the danger?" Chang Hong replied: "The state of Cai is in danger. This is the year when the Marquis of Cai killed his king. The year of the year is in Jiwei. The state of Chu will occupy the state of Cai, but this is the accumulation of evil. The star of the year reaches Daliang, the state of Cai is restored, and the state of Chu is unlucky. This is the normal way of heaven."
楚子在申，召蔡灵侯。灵侯将往，蔡大夫曰：“王贪而无信，唯蔡于感，今币重而言甘，诱我也，不如无往。”蔡侯不可。五月丙申，楚子伏甲而飨蔡侯于申，醉而执之。夏四月丁巳，杀之，刑其士七十人。公子弃疾帅师围蔡。
Chu Zi was in Shen and summoned Marquis Cai Ling. When Linghou was about to leave, Doctor Cai said: "The king is greedy and has no faith, but Cai Yugan. Today's money is so heavy that it is sweet. It is tempting to tempt me. It is better not to go." Caihou cannot do it. In the fifth month of Bingshen, Chuzi crouched in his armor and feasted on Cai Marquis Yushen. He got drunk and held on to it. In the fourth month of summer, Ding Si, killed him and punished seventy of his soldiers. The young master abandoned his illness and commanded his troops to surround Cai.
楚灵王在申地，召见蔡灵侯。蔡灵侯打算前去，蔡国的大夫说：“楚王贪婪而没有信用，唯独怨恨蔡国。现在财礼重而说话甜，这是引诱我们，不如不去。”蔡灵侯不同意。三月十五日，楚灵王在申地埋伏甲士而设享礼招待蔡灵侯，让他喝醉了酒就囚禁了他。夏季，四月初七日，杀死了蔡灵侯，杀死了蔡国的士七十人。公子弃疾领兵包围蔡国。
King Ling of Chu summoned Marquis Cai Ling in Shendi. Cai Linghou planned to go, but Cai Guo's doctor said: "The King of Chu is greedy and has no credit, and only resents Cai Guo. Now he is rich in wealth and sweet in words. This is tempting us, so it is better not to go." Cai Linghou disagreed. On March 15, King Ling of Chu ambushed the soldiers in Shendi and entertained Marquis Cai Ling with gifts. He made him drunk and imprisoned him. In the summer, on the seventh day of April, he killed Cai Linghou and seventy people from Cai State. Prince Qiji led the troops to surround Cai Guo.
韩宣子问于叔向曰：“楚其克乎？”对曰：“克哉！蔡侯获罪于其君，而不能其民，天将假手于楚以毙之，何故不克？然肸闻之，不信以幸，不可再也。楚王奉孙吴以讨于陈，曰：‘将定而国。’陈人听命，而遂县之。今又诱蔡而杀其君，以围其国，虽幸而克，必受其咎，弗能久矣。桀克有緍以丧其国，纣克东夷而陨其身。楚小位下，而亟暴于二王，能无咎乎？天之假助不善，非祚之也，厚其凶恶而降之罚也。且譬之如天，其有五材而将用之，力尽而敝之，是以无拯，大可没振。”
Han Xuanzi asked Yu Shuxiang, "How can Chu be defeated?" He replied: "Yes! The Marquis of Cai has committed a crime against his lord, but cannot control his people. Heaven will use his hands to kill Chu, so why can't he be defeated? However, after hearing this, he did not believe in luck and could not do it again. The king of Chu sent Sun Wu to attack Chen and said: 'The country will be settled.' The Chen people obeyed the order and went to the county. Now they lured Cai to kill his lord in order to surround him. Although the country was fortunate enough to be defeated, it was bound to suffer the consequences, and it could not last long. Jie defeated the Yi and lost his country, and Zhou defeated the Eastern Yi and fell. Heaven's false help is not good, but it is punishment for its evil. It is like Heaven. It has five materials and uses them. It uses up all its strength, so there is no salvation."
韩宣子向叔向询问说：“楚国会战胜吗？”叔向回答说：“可以战胜的！蔡灵侯得罪了他的国君，而得不到百姓的拥护，上天将要借楚国的手来把他杀死，为什么不能战胜？然而肸听说，由于没有信用而得利，不可能有第二次。楚灵王事奉太孙吴讨伐陈国，说：‘将要安定你们的国家。’陈国人听从了他的命令，就灭了陈国建置为县。现在又诱骗蔡国而杀了他们的国君，来包围他们的国家，虽然侥幸而得胜，必然受到它的灾殃，不能长久了。夏桀战胜了有缗而丢掉了国家，商纣战胜东夷而丢掉了生命。楚国疆域小地位低，而屡次表现得比上面两个国王还要暴虐，能够没有灾祸吗？上天借助于坏人，不是降福给他，而是增多他的凶恶然后给他惩罚。而且比如像天有金、木、水、火、土五种材料而由人加以使用，材力用尽就丢弃了，因此楚国不可拯救，最后也不能兴盛了。”
Han Xuanzi asked Shuxiang: "Can the Chu State win?" Shuxiang replied: "It can be defeated! Cai Linghou has offended his king and cannot get the support of the people. God will use the hands of the Chu State to kill him. Why can't it be defeated? However, I heard that because there is no There can be no second chance of benefiting from credit. King Ling of Chu served Taisun Wu to attack the state of Chen, saying: "Your country will be pacified." The people of the state of Chen obeyed his order and destroyed the state of Chen and established it as a county. Now he tricked the state of Cai into killing their king and came to surround their country. , even if you win by luck, you will definitely suffer disasters and cannot last long. Xia Jie defeated Youmin and lost his country, and Shang Zhou defeated Dongyi and lost his life. The Chu state has a small territory and a low status, but it has repeatedly behaved more violently than the two kings above. How can it be without disasters? God uses the help of bad people, not to bring blessings to them, but to increase their evil and then punish them. For example, Heaven has five kinds of materials: gold, wood, water, fire, and earth, which are used by people. When the materials are used up, they are discarded. Therefore, the state of Chu cannot be saved, and it will not prosper in the end."
五月，齐归薨，大蒐于比蒲，非礼也。
In the fifth month, we all returned to our graves, and it was indecent to conduct a large search in Bipu.
五月，齐归去世。在比蒲举行盛大的阅兵，这是不符合礼的。
In May, Qi Gui passed away. It is not in line with etiquette to hold a grand military parade in Bipu.
孟僖子会邾庄公，盟于祲（jìn）祥，修好，礼也。泉丘人有女梦以其帷幕孟氏之庙，遂奔僖子，其僚従之。盟于清丘之社，曰：“有子，无相弃也。”僖子使助薳氏之簉。反自祲祥，宿于薳氏，生懿子及南宫敬叔于泉丘人。其僚无子，使字敬叔。
Meng Xizi met Zhu Zhuanggong and made an alliance with Xixiang. They repaired it and it was a courtesy. A girl from Quanqiu dreamed of using her curtains to cover the Meng family's temple, so she ran to Xizi and was disturbed by his officials. They made an alliance at the Qingqiu Society and said: "If you have a son, you will never abandon each other." Xizi sent a letter to help Xiu's family. He came from Xixiang, lived in the Chu family, and gave birth to Yizi and Nangong Jingshu from Quanqiu. His official had no children, so he was named Jingshu.
孟僖子会见邾庄公，在祲祥结盟，重修从前的友好，这是符合礼的。泉丘人有一个女儿，梦见用她的帷幕覆盖了孟氏的祖庙，就私奔到孟僖子那里，她的同伴也跟着去了。在清丘的土地神庙里盟誓说：“有了儿子，不要丢掉我！”孟僖子让她们住在薳氏那个地方做妾。孟僖子从祲祥回来，住在薳氏那里，在泉丘的那个女人生了懿子和南宫敬叔。她的同伴没有儿子，就让同伴抚养敬叔。
Meng Xizi met Zhuzhuang Gong, formed an alliance in Xixiang, and restored the old friendship. This was in line with etiquette. A Quanqiu man had a daughter who dreamed that her curtains were covering the ancestral temple of the Meng family, so she eloped to Meng Xizi, and her companions followed her. They swore an oath in the Earth Temple in Qingqiu: "If you have a son, don't abandon me!" Meng Xizi asked them to live in the place of the Chu family as concubines. Meng Xizi came back from Xixiang and lived with the Chu family. The woman in Quanqiu gave birth to Yizi and Nangong Jingshu. Her companion had no son, so she asked her companion to raise Uncle Jing.
楚师在蔡，晋荀吴谓韩宣子曰：“不能救陈，又不能救蔡，物以无亲，晋之不能，亦可知也已！为盟主而不恤亡国，将焉用之？”
When Chu's army was in Cai, Xun and Wu of Jin said to Han Xuanzi: "We can't save Chen, and we can't save Cai. We have no relatives. It's obvious that Jin can't do it! How can we use it if we are the leader of the alliance and don't care about the destruction of the country?"
楚国的军队在蔡国，晋国的荀吴对韩宣子说：“不能救援陈国，又不能救援蔡国，别人因此就不来亲附了。晋国的不行也就可以知道。自己做盟主而不去为灭亡的国家担忧，又哪里用得着盟主？”
The army of Chu State was in Cai State. Xun Wu of Jin State said to Han Xuanzi: "We can't rescue Chen State, and we can't rescue Cai State. Therefore, others will not come to join us. This is also known by the failure of Jin State. If you become the leader of an alliance and don't worry about the destruction of the country, what use is the leader?"
秋，会于厥慭（yìn），谋救蔡也。郑子皮将行，子产曰：“行不远。不能救蔡也。蔡小而不顺，楚大而不德，天将弃蔡以壅楚，盈而罚之。蔡必亡矣，且丧君而能守者，鲜矣。三年，王其有咎乎！美恶周必复，王恶周矣。”晋人使狐父请蔡于楚，弗许。
In autumn, we will meet in Jueyan (yìn) to try to save Cai Ye. Zheng Zipi was about to leave, and Zi Chan said: "We are not far away. We can't save Cai. Cai is small and unruly, Chu is big and unvirtuous. Heaven will abandon Cai to choke Chu and punish him for excess. Cai will surely perish, and it is rare for him to be able to defend the king without losing his king. In three years, the king is to blame! The good and evil Zhou must return, and the king is evil." The Jin people sent Father Fox to invite Cai to Chu, and he promised.
秋季，季孙意如和晋国韩起、齐国国弱、宋国华亥、卫国北宫佗、郑国罕虎、曹国人、杞国人在厥慭会见，为了商量救援蔡国。郑国的子皮将要出行。子产说：“走不远的，已经不能救援蔡国了。蔡国小而不顺服，楚国大而不施仁德，上天将要抛弃蔡国来使楚国积累邪恶，恶贯满盈然后惩罚它，蔡国一定灭亡了。而且丧失了国君而能够守住国家的也是很少的。到了三年，楚王大概有灾难吧！美和恶的岁星绕行一周的时候必然会有报应，楚灵王的邪恶已经要到岁星绕行一周的时候了。”晋国人派狐父到楚国请求楚国宽免蔡国，楚国人不答应。
In the autumn, Ji Sunyiru met with Han Qi of Jin, Guo Rui of Qi, Hua Hai of Song, Beigong Tuo of Wei, Hanhu of Zheng, Cao and Qi in Juexuan to discuss rescuing Cai. Zipi of Zheng is about to travel. Zichan said: "Those who can't go far can no longer rescue Cai. Cai is small but not obedient, and Chu is big but not benevolent. God will abandon Cai to make Chu accumulate evil, fill it with evil, and then punish it. Cai will definitely perish. Moreover, it has lost its king and can defend the country. It's also very rare. In the third year, the king of Chu will probably have disaster! When the good and evil star orbits once, there will be retribution. The evil of King Chu Ling will have to go around once. "The people of Jin sent Father Fox to Chu to ask for mercy from Chu, but the people of Chu refused.
单子会韩宣子于戚，视下言徐。叔向曰：“单子其将死乎！朝有著定，会有表，衣有禬带有结。会朝之言，必闻于表著之位，所以昭事序也。视不过结、禬（杨伯峻注：禬音怪，衣衿交汇之处）之中，所以道容貌也。言以命之，容貌以明之，失则有阙。今单子为王官伯，而命事于会，视不登带，言不过步，貌不道容，而言不昭矣。不道，不共；不昭，不従。无守气矣。”
Shanzi met Han Xuanzi at Qi, and looked down and spoke slowly. Shu Xiang said: "The list is about to die! The dynasty has a certain structure, there will be a watch, and the clothes will have knots. The words of the court must be heard in the position of the watch, so the order of things is known. Don't look at the knots and the knots. It’s about appearance and words. If you fail to do so, there will be gaps. If you don’t follow the instructions, you won’t follow the instructions, and your appearance will not be clear. If you are not clear, you will not be honest.
单成公在戚地会见韩宣子，目光向下，说话迟缓。叔向说：“单子大概将要死了吧！朝见有规定的席位，会见有标志，衣服有交叉，衣带有交结子。会见和朝见的言语，一定要使在座的人都能听到，用它来表明事情有条有理。目光不低于衣服交叉和衣带交结之处，用它来端正仪容形貌。言语用来发布命令，仪容相貌用来表明态度，做不到就有错误。现在单子做天子的百官之长，在盟会上宣布天子的命令，目光不高于衣带，声音超过一步就听不到，相貌不能端正仪容，言事就不能明白了。不端正，就不恭敬；不明白，别人就不顺从。他已经没有保养身体的精气了。”
Shan Chenggong met Han Xuanzi in Qi. He looked down and spoke slowly. Shuxiang said: "The list is probably going to die! There are designated seats for meetings, there are signs for meetings, clothes are crossed, and belts are knotted. The words used for meetings and court must be heard by everyone present, and they should be used to show that things are in order. Look no lower than the intersection of clothes and the intersection of belts, and use it to correct appearance. Speech is used to issue orders, and etiquette is used to Appearance is used to express attitude, and if you fail to do so, you will be wrong. Now Shanzi is the leader of the emperor's officials. When he announces the emperor's orders at the meeting, his eyes are not higher than his belt and his voice cannot be heard. If his appearance is not correct, his words will not be clear. If he is not correct, he will not be respectful; if he does not understand, he will not have the energy to maintain his body. "
九月，葬齐归，公不戚。晋士之送葬者，归以语史赵。史赵曰：“必为鲁郊。”侍者曰：“何故？”曰：“归姓也，不思亲，祖不归也。”叔向曰：“鲁公室其卑乎？君有大丧，国不废蒐。有三年之丧，而无一日之戚。国不恤丧，不忌君也。君无戚容，不顾亲也。国不忌君，君不顾亲，能无卑乎？殆其失国。”
In September, they all returned home from the funeral, and the public was not in mourning. The mourners of Jin scholars were assigned to Yushi Zhao. Shi Zhao said: "It must be the suburbs of Lu." The waiter said: "Why?" He said: "Returning to the surname means not thinking about relatives, and the ancestors will not return." Shu Xiang said: "How humble is the Duke of Lu? There is a great mourning for the king, and the country will not return." If you have three years of mourning but no relatives, you will not care about your relatives. If you do not care about your relatives, how can you lose your country?"
九月，安葬齐归，鲁昭公不悲痛。晋国来送葬的士人，回去把情况告诉史赵。史赵说：“昭公一定会寄居到别国的郊外。”侍从的人说：“为什么？”史赵说：“他是归氏的儿子，不想念母亲，祖先不会保佑他的。” 叔向说：“鲁国公室的地位要下降了吧！国君发生大丧事，国家却不停止阅兵。有三年的丧期，却没有一天的悲痛。国家不为丧事去悲哀，这是不畏惧国君。国君没有悲痛的样子，这是不顾念亲人。国人不畏惧国君，国君不顾念亲人，地位能够不下降吗？恐怕将会丢掉他的国家。”
In the ninth month, they all returned home after being buried, and Lu Zhaogong did not feel sad. Scholars from the State of Jin came to pay homage to the funeral and went back to tell Shi Zhao about the situation. Shi Zhao said: "Zhao Gong will definitely live in the suburbs of other countries." The attendants asked: "Why?" Shi Zhao said: "He is the son of the Gui family. If he does not miss his mother, his ancestors will not bless him." Shuxiang said: "The status of the Duke of Lu is about to decline! There is a great funeral for the king, but the country does not stop military parades. There is a three-year mourning period, but there is not a day of mourning. The country does not mourn for the funeral, which means it is not afraid of the king. The king does not show grief, which means he does not care about his relatives. If the people are not afraid of the king, and the king does not care about his relatives, how can his status not be reduced? I am afraid he will lose his country."
冬十一月，楚子灭蔡，用隐大子于冈山。申无宇曰：“不祥。五牲不相为用，况用诸侯乎？王必悔之。”
In the eleventh month of winter, Chuzi destroyed Cai and concealed his eldest son in Gangshan. Shen Wuyu said: "It's ominous. The five animals are not used for each other, how about using the princes? The king will regret it."
冬季，十一月，楚灵王灭亡了蔡国，杀死了隐太子用来祭祀冈山。申无宇说：“不吉祥。五种牲口不能互相用来祭祀，何况用诸侯呢？国君一定要后悔的。”
In winter, in November, King Ling of Chu destroyed the state of Cai and killed Prince Yin to sacrifice to Gangshan. Shen Wuyu said: "It is unlucky. The five kinds of animals cannot be used to sacrifice each other, let alone the princes? The king will definitely regret it."
十二月，单成公卒。
In December, Shan Chenggong died.
十二月，单成公去世。
In December, Shan Chenggong passed away.
楚子城陈、蔡、不羹。使弃疾为蔡公。王问于申无宇曰：“弃疾在蔡，何如？”对曰：“择子莫如父，择臣莫如君。郑庄公城栎而置子元焉，使昭公不立。齐桓公城谷而置管仲焉，至于今赖之。臣闻五大不在边，五细不在庭。亲不在外，羁不在内，今弃疾在外，郑丹在内。君其少戒。”王曰：“国有大城，何如？”对曰：“郑京、栎实杀曼伯，宋萧、亳实杀子游，齐渠丘实杀无知，卫蒲、戚实出献公，若由是观之，则害于国。末大必折，尾大不掉，君所知也。”
Chu Zicheng Chen, Cai, Bu Geng. He made Qiji the Duke of Cai. The king asked Yu Shen Wuyu, "What if you abandon your illness in Cai?" He replied: "There is no better choice for a son than a father, and a minister better than a king. In the city of Zhengzhuang Gong, the son Yuan Yan was placed, so that Duke Zhao could not stand. In the valley of Duke Huan of Qi, Guan Zhongyan was placed, and I rely on him now. I heard that the five major elements are not by the side, and the five details are not in the court. The relatives are not outside, and the restraints are not inside, so I abandon them now. The disease is outside, but Zheng Dan is inside. The king said, "What's wrong with the country's big city?" He replied, "Zheng Jing and Qu Shi killed Zi You, Qi Quqiu Shi killed Wuzhi, and Wei Pu and Qi Shi went to Xian Gong. If you look at it this way, it will be harmful to the country. The end of the big city will be broken, and the tail will not fall off."
楚灵王在陈地、蔡地、不羹筑城。派弃疾做蔡公。楚灵王向申无宇询问说：“弃疾在蔡地怎么样？”申无宇回答说：“选择儿子没有像父亲那样合适的，选择臣子没有像国君那样合适的。郑庄公在栎地筑城而安置子元，让昭公不能立为国君。齐桓公在穀地筑城而安置管仲，到现在齐国还得到利益。臣听说五种大人物不在边境，五种小人物不在朝廷。亲近的人不在外边，寄居的人不在里边。现在弃疾在外边，郑丹在朝廷，君王恐怕要稍加戒备！”楚灵王说：“国都有高大的城墙，怎么样？”申无宇回答说：“在郑国的京地、栎地杀死了曼伯，在宋国的萧地、亳地杀死了子游，在齐国的渠丘杀死了公孙无知，在卫国的蒲地、戚地驱逐了献公。如果从这些看来，就有害于国都。树枝大了一定折断，尾巴大了就不能摇摆，这是君王所知道的。”
King Ling of Chu built cities in Chen, Cai, and Bugen. He sent Qiji to be the Duke of Cai. King Ling of Chu asked Shen Wuyu: "How about abandoning Ji in Caidi?" Shen Wuyu replied: "No son is as suitable as his father, and no minister is as suitable as the king. Zheng Zhuanggong built a city in Quidi and placed Ziyuan, so that Zhao Zhao Duke Huan of Qi built a city in the valley and settled Guan Zhong, and the ministers of Qi heard that the five kinds of big people were not in the border, and the five kinds of small people were not in the court. Ji is outside and Zheng Dan is in the court. I'm afraid the king should be on guard! "King Chu Ling said: "The country has a tall city wall, how about it?" Shen Wuyu replied: "Kill Manbo in Jingdi and Lidi in the state of Zheng, and kill him in Xiaodi and Bodi in the Song Dynasty. He killed Gongsun Wuzhi in Quqiu of Qi and expelled Duke Xian from Pudi and Qi of Wei. From this point of view, it is harmful to the capital. If the branches are too big, they must be broken, and if the tail is too big, they cannot swing. This is what the king knows.
