【经】
十有三年春,叔弓帅师围费。夏四月,楚公子比自晋归于楚,杀其君虔于乾溪。楚公子弃疾杀公子比。秋,公会刘子、晋侯、宋公、卫侯、郑伯、曹伯、莒子、邾子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子于平丘。八月甲戌,同盟于平丘。公不与盟。晋人执季孙意如以归。公至自会。蔡侯庐归于蔡。陈侯吴归于陈。冬十月,葬蔡灵公。公如晋,至河乃复。吴灭州来。
In the spring of the thirteenth year, Uncle Gong and his commander surrounded Fei. In the fourth month of summer, Chu Gongzi Bi returned from Jin to Chu, killed his king and worshiped Qianxi. Young Master Chu abandoned Ji and killed Young Master Bi. In autumn, Liu Zi, the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, Zheng Bo, Cao Bo, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, Teng Zi, Xue Bo, Qi Bo and Xiao Zhuzi were in Pingqiu. In the eighth month of Jiaxu, the alliance was established in Pingqiu. The public does not make an alliance. The Jin people returned home as they wished. From the public to the meeting. Caihou Lu belongs to Cai. Chenhou Wu returned to Chen. In the tenth month of winter, Cai Linggong was buried. The public is like Jin, and when he reaches the river, he will be restored. Wu Miezhou came.
【传】
【Biography】
十三年春,叔弓围费,弗克,败焉。平子怒,令见费人执之以为囚俘。冶区夫曰:“非也。若见费人,寒者衣之,饥者食之,为之令主,而共其乏困。费来如归,南氏亡矣,民将叛之,谁与居邑?若惮之以威,惧之以怒,民疾而叛,为之聚也。若诸侯皆然,费人无归,不亲南氏,将焉入矣?”平子従之,费人叛南氏。
In the spring of the thirteenth year, Shu Gong surrounded Fei and Fuke and was defeated. Pingzi was angry and ordered the people who saw Fei to hold him as prisoners. Yequfu said: "That's not true. If you see Fei people, they will clothe those who are cold and feed those who are hungry. They will order the master for them and share their poverty and hardship. If Fei comes home, the Nan clan will perish and the people will rebel. Who will live in the city?" ? If they are afraid of their power and are afraid of their anger, the people will be sick and rebel, and they will gather together. If all the princes are like this, and Fei people will not return, how can they come in if they don't like the Nan clan?"
十三年春季,叔弓包围费地,没有攻下,被击败。季平子发怒,命令接见城外的费地人,就抓住他们作为囚犯。冶区夫说“不对。如果接见费地人,受冻的给他们衣服,受饿的给他们饭吃,做他们的好主子,供应他们所缺乏的东西,费地人前来就会像回家一样,南氏就要灭亡了。百姓将要背叛他,谁跟他住在围城里?如果用威严使他们害怕,用愤怒使他们畏惧,百姓讨厌而背叛您,这是为他招聚了百姓。如果诸侯都这样,费地人没有地方可去,他们不亲近南氏,还会到哪里去呢?”平子听从了他的意见,费地人背叛了南氏。
In the spring of the thirteenth year, Shu Gong surrounded Feidi, but failed to capture it and was defeated. Ji Pingzi was angry and ordered to meet the Feidi people outside the city and took them as prisoners. Yequfu said, "That's not right. If you receive the Feidi people, give them clothes for the cold, feed them for the hungry, be their good masters, and provide them with what they lack, then the Feidi people will feel like coming home, and the Nan family will perish. The people will betray him, and who will live with him in the besieged city?" If you use your majesty to make them afraid, and your anger to make them fearful, the people will hate you and betray you. This is to gather the people for him. If the princes are like this, the Feidi people have nowhere to go. If they don't get close to the Nan clan, where will they go?" Pingzi listened to his advice, and the Feidi people betrayed the Nan clan.
楚子之为令尹也,杀大司马薳掩而取其室。及即位,夺薳居田;迁许而质许围。蔡洧(wěi)有宠于王,王之灭蔡也,其父死焉,王使与於守而行。申之会,越大夫戮焉。王夺斗韦龟中犨(chōu),又夺成然邑而使为郊尹。蔓成然故事蔡公,故薳氏之族及薳居、许围、蔡洧、蔓成然,皆王所不礼也。因群丧职之族,启越大夫常寿过作乱,围固城,克息舟,城而居之。
Chu Zizhi was the commander of Yin Ye, so he killed the great commander Chuan Zi and took his house. When he ascended the throne, he seized the land of Chu's residence; he was allowed to move and promised to be surrounded. Cai Wei (wěi) was favored by the king. When the king destroyed Caiye, his father died, and the king sent him to keep him. Shen Zhihui, the bigger the man is, the more he kills Yan. The king captured Wei Gui Zhongji (chōu), and also captured Cheng Ranyi and made him a Jiao Yin. Man Chengran's story is about Cai Gong, so the Chu family, Chuan Ju, Xu Wei, Cai Wei, and Man Chengran are all disrespected by the king. Because of a group of people who had lost their jobs, Changshouguo, a senior official in Qi Dynasty, started a rebellion. He surrounded and fortified the city, suppressed the boats, and settled in the city.
当楚灵王做令尹的时候,杀了大司马薳掩并占取了他的家财。等到即位以后,夺取了薳居的土田。把许地的人迁走而以许围作为人质。蔡洧受到楚灵王的宠信,楚灵王灭亡蔡国的时候,他的父亲死在这次战争中,楚灵王派他参与守卫国都的任务然后灵王出发到乾谿。申地的盟会,越大夫受到侮辱。楚灵王夺取了鬬韦龟的封邑中犫,又夺取了成然的封邑,而让他做郊区大夫。蔓成然以前事奉蔡公。所以薳氏的亲族和薳居、许围、蔡洧、蔓成然,都是楚王不加礼遇的人。凭借着那些丧失职位的人的亲族,诱导越大夫常寿过发动叛乱,包围固城,攻下息舟,筑城而住在里面。
When King Ling of Chu was in charge of the imperial court, he killed the great Sima Xiangbi and took his family property. After he ascended the throne, he seized the land of Xianju. Move the people from Xu land away and use Xu Wei as hostages. Cai Wei was favored by King Chu Ling. When King Chu Ling destroyed Cai State, his father died in the war. King Chu Ling sent him to participate in the task of guarding the capital, and then King Ling set out for Ganxi. At the alliance meeting in Shendi, the older man was insulted. King Chu Ling seized the fiefdom of Wei Weigui, Zhonghuan, and the fiefdom of Chengran, and made him a suburban doctor. Man Chengran used to serve Cai Gong. Therefore, the Chu family's relatives, Chuan Ju, Xu Wei, Cai Wei, and Man Chengran were all people whom the King of Chu did not treat with courtesy. Relying on the relatives of those who had lost their positions, he induced the great man Chang Shouguo to launch a rebellion, surrounded Gucheng, captured Xizhou, built the city and lived in it.
观起之死也,其子従在蔡,事朝吴,曰:“今不封蔡,蔡不封矣。我请试之。”以蔡公之命召子干、子皙,及郊,而告之情,强与之盟,入袭蔡。蔡公将食,见之而逃。观従使子干食,坎,用牲,加书,而速行。己徇于蔡曰:“蔡公召二子,将纳之,与之盟而遣之矣,将师而従之。”蔡人聚,将执之。辞曰:“失贼成军,而杀余,何益?”乃释之。朝吴曰:“二三子若能死亡,则如违之,以待所济。若求安定,则如与之,以济所欲。且违上,何适而可?”众曰:“与之。”乃奉蔡公,召二子而盟于邓,依陈、蔡人以国。楚公子比、公子黑肱、公子弃疾、蔓成然、蔡朝吴帅陈、蔡、不羹、许、叶之师,因四族之徒,以入楚。及郊,陈、蔡欲为名,故请为武军。蔡公知之曰:“欲速。且役病矣,请藩而已。”乃藩为军。蔡公使须务牟与史卑先入,因正仆人杀大子禄及公子罢敌。公子比为王,公子黑肱为令尹,次于鱼陂。公子弃疾为司马,先除王宫。使观従従师于乾溪,而遂告之,且曰:“先归复所,后者劓。”师及訾梁而溃。
Guan Qi's death, his son stayed in Cai, and went to Wu, saying: "I will not seal Cai now, Cai will not be sealed. I will try it." With Cai Gong's order, he summoned Zi Qian and Zi Xi to the suburbs, told them their feelings, forced them to ally, and attacked Cai. Cai Gong was about to eat and ran away when he saw it. Guan Xi made his son eat dry food, use animals, add books, and move quickly. Ji favored Cai and said: "Cai Gong summoned his two sons, accepted them, and sent them to form an alliance with them, and then they took advantage of them." The people of Cai gathered together and held them. The poem said: "What's the use of losing thieves and forming an army, but killing the rest?" He explained it. Chao Wu said: "If the two or three sons can die, then go against them and wait for them to be helped. If you want stability, then go with them and help them. How can you go against them?" The crowd said: "Go with them." He served Cai Gong, summoned the two sons and made an alliance with Deng, and the Chen and Cai people made the country. Chu Gongzi Bi, Gongzi Hei Gong, Gongzi Qiji, Man Chengran, Cai Dynasty Wu commander Chen, Cai, Bugen, Xu and Ye were the disciples of the four tribes and entered Chu. In the suburbs, Chen and Cai wanted to be famous, so they asked for military troops. Cai Gongzhi said: "You want to hurry up. I'm sick in service, so I just asked for the vassal." The vassal became the army. Minister Cai had to go in first with Wu Mou and Shi Bei, because his servants killed the eldest son Lu and the young master to stop the enemy. Young Master Bi was the king, and Young Master Hei Gong was the Ling Yin, second to Yubei. The young master abandoned his illness and became a Sima, and first eliminated the palace. He sent Guan Xishi to the Qianxi River and informed him, saying: "Return to the place first, then come back." The teacher reached Ziliang and collapsed.
观起死的时候,他儿子从在蔡地,事奉朝吴,说:“现在还不恢复蔡国,蔡国将永远被灭亡了。我请求试一下。”用蔡公的名义召回子干、子皙,到达郊区,就把真像告诉了他们,强迫与他们结盟,进而入侵蔡地。蔡公正要吃饭,见到这种情况就逃走了。观从让子干吃饭,挖坑,杀牲口,把盟书放在牲口上,然后让他赶快走。观从自己对蔡地人公开宣布说:“蔡公召见这两个人,准备送到楚国,和他们结盟以后已经把他们派出去了,而且准备带领军队跟上去。”蔡地人聚集起来,准备抓住观从。观从解释说:“失去了贼人,组成了军队,杀我,有什么好处?”蔡地人就放了他。朝吴说:“您几位如果想为楚王而死去或者逃亡,那就应当不听蔡公的,以等待事情的成败。如果要求安定,那就应当赞成他,以成就他的愿望。而且要是违背上官,你们将到哪里去呢?”大家说:“赞成他!”就奉事蔡公,召见子干、子皙两个人而在邓地会盟,依赖陈地人和蔡地人复国的心愿达到自己的目的。楚国的公子比、公子黑肱、公子弃疾、蔓成然、蔡国的朝吴率领陈、蔡、不羹、许、叶等地的军队,依靠四族的族人,进入楚国。到达郊区,陈地人、蔡地人想要宣扬名声,所以请求筑起壁垒。蔡公知道了,说:“我们的行动必须迅速,而且役人已经很疲劳了,编成篱笆就行了。”于是就用篱笆围起军营。蔡公派须务牟和史猈先进入国都,靠着太子亲近的官杀了太子禄和公子罢敌。公子比做了楚王,公子黑肱做了令尹,驻扎在鱼陂。公子弃疾做了司马,先清除王宫,派观从到乾谿和那里的军队联系,乘机告诉他们所发生的情况,同时说:“先回去的可以恢复禄位资财,后回去的受割鼻子的重刑。”楚灵王的军队到达訾梁就溃散了。
When Guanqi died, his son Cong was in Cai, serving Wu Dynasty, and said: "If Cai is not restored now, Cai will be destroyed forever. I ask for a try." He summoned Ziqian and Zixi in the name of Cai Gong. When he arrived in the suburbs, he told them the truth, forced an alliance with them, and then invaded Cai. Mr. Cai wanted to eat, so he ran away when he saw this. Guan Cong asked Ziqian to eat, dig holes, kill animals, put the alliance letter on the animals, and then asked him to leave quickly. Guan Cong himself publicly announced to the Cai people: "Cai Gong summoned these two people and planned to send them to Chu. After forming an alliance with them, he sent them out and prepared to lead the army to follow." The Cai people gathered and prepared to capture Guan Cong. Guan Cong explained: "What's the use of killing me after losing the thief and forming an army?" The people of Cai let him go. Chao Wu said: "If you want to die for the king of Chu or flee, you should not listen to Cai Gong and wait for the success or failure of the matter. If you want stability, you should agree with him to fulfill his wish. And if you disobey Shangguan, where will you go?" Everyone said: "Agree with him!" So he served Cai Gong, summoned Ziqian and Zixi to form an alliance in Deng, and relied on the wishes of the Chen and Cai people to restore the country to achieve their goals. Gongzi Bi, Gongzi Heihu, Gongzi Qiji, Man Chengran of Chu State, and Chaowu of Cai State led the armies of Chen, Cai, Bugen, Xu, Ye and other places to enter Chu State, relying on the tribesmen of the four tribes. When they arrived at the outskirts, the people of Chen and Cai wanted to spread their fame, so they asked for barriers to be built. Cai Gong knew about it and said: "We must move quickly, and the soldiers are already very tired, so we can just form a fence." So he built a fence to surround the military camp. Cai Gong sent Xu Wu Mou and Shi Ao to enter the capital first, and relied on the officials close to the prince to kill the prince Lu and the prince to stop the enemy. Young Master Bi became the King of Chu, and Young Master Hei Gong became the Ling Yin, stationed in Yubei. The young master abandoned Ji and became a Sima. He first cleared the palace and sent his followers to Ganxi to contact the army there and take the opportunity to tell them what happened. He also said: "Those who go back first can regain their position and wealth, and those who go back later will be severely punished by having their noses cut off." King Ling of Chu's army broke up when they arrived at Ziliang.
王闻群公子之死也,自投于车下,曰:“人之爱其子也,亦如余乎?”侍者曰:“甚焉。小人老而无子,知挤于沟壑矣。”王曰:“余杀人子多矣,能无及此乎?”右尹子革曰:“请待于郊,以听国人。”王曰:“众怒不可犯也。”曰:“若入于大都而乞师于诸侯。”王曰:“皆叛矣。”曰:“若亡于诸侯,以听大国之图君也。”王曰:“大福不再,只取辱焉。”然丹乃归于楚。王沿夏,将欲入。芋尹无宇之子申亥曰:“吾父再奸王命,王弗诛,惠孰大焉?君不可忍,惠不可弃,吾其従王。”乃求王,遇诸棘围以归。夏五月癸亥,王缢于芋尹申亥氏。申亥以其二女殉而葬之。
When the king heard about the death of a group of princes, he threw himself under the carriage and said, "How much do people love their sons as much as I do?" The waiter said, "How much. The villain is old and has no children, so he lives in the ravine." The king said, "I have killed many sons, how can I be better than this?" You Yin Zige said: "Please stay in the suburbs. He said: "If you go to the capital and ask for advice from the princes, you will be rebellious." He said: "If you die in the country, you will only be humiliated." Wang Yanxia is about to enter. Shen Hai, the son of Yu Yin Wuyu, said: "My father has violated the king's orders again, and the king will not punish him. Who can benefit me more? You can't bear it, and you can't give up your favor. I'm cheating on the king." He asked the king, but he was surrounded by many obstacles and returned. In the fifth month of summer in Guihai, Wang hanged himself in the Shenhai clan of Yuyin. Shen Hai sacrificed his two daughters and buried them.
楚灵王听到公子们的死讯,自己摔到车下,说:“别人爱他的儿子,也像我一样吗?”侍者说:“还有超过的。小人年老而没有儿子,自己知道会被挤到沟壑里去的。”楚灵王说:“我杀死别人的儿子很多了,能够不到这一步吗?”右尹子革说:“请在国都郊外等待,听从国内人们的选择。”楚灵王说:“大众的愤怒不可触犯。”子革说:“也许可以去到大的都邑,然后向诸侯请求出兵。”楚灵王说:“都背叛了。”子革说:“也许可以逃亡到诸侯那里,听从大国为君王的安排。”楚灵王说:“好运气不会再来,只是自取侮辱而已。”子革于是离开了楚灵王而回到楚国去。楚王沿汉水而下,打算到鄢地去。芋尹无宇的儿子申亥说:“我父亲再次触犯王命,君王没有诛戮,还有比这更大的恩惠吗?对国君不能忍心,恩惠不能丢弃,我还是跟着君王。”就去寻找楚灵王,在棘门前遇到楚灵王便一起回来。夏季,五月二十五日,楚灵王在芋尹申亥家上吊死了。申亥把两个女儿作为人殉而安葬了楚灵王。
When King Ling of Chu heard the news of the deaths of his sons, he threw himself under the car and asked, "Do others love their sons as much as I do?" The waiter said, "There are more than that. The villain is old and has no sons, and he knows that he will be squeezed into the ravine." King Ling of Chu said, "I have killed many other people's sons, can I not go this far?" You Yinzige said, "Please wait outside the capital and listen to the choices of the people in the country. King Ling of Chu said: "The anger of the people should not be offended." Zige said: "Maybe you can go to the big cities and ask the princes to send troops." King Ling of Chu said: "They are all betrayed." King Ling of Chu said: "Maybe you can flee to the princes and follow the arrangements of the king." King Ling of Chu said: "Good luck will not come again, it is just self-indulgence." Zige then left King Chu Ling and returned to Chu. The King of Chu went down the Han River and planned to go to Yan. Shen Hai, the son of Yu Yin Wuyu, said: "My father once again violated the king's order, and the king did not kill him. Is there any greater favor than this? I can't tolerate the king, and I can't throw away the favor. I will still follow the king." So he went to look for King Chu Ling. He met King Chu Ling in front of the Thorn Gate and came back together. In the summer, on May 25th, King Ling of Chu hanged himself at the home of Yu Yinshenhai. Shen Hai sacrificed his two daughters as human beings and buried King Ling of Chu.
观従谓子干曰:“不杀弃疾,虽得国,犹受祸也。”子干曰:“余不忍也。”子玉曰:“人将忍子,吾不忍俟(sì等待)也。”乃行。国每夜骇曰:“王入矣!”乙卯夜,弃疾使周走而呼曰:“王至矣!”国人大惊。使蔓成然走告子干、子皙曰:“王至矣!国人杀君司马,将来矣!君若早自图也,可以无辱。众怒如水火焉,不可为谋。”又有呼而走至者曰:“众至矣!”二子皆自杀。丙辰,弃疾即位,名曰熊居。葬子干于訾,实訾敖。杀囚,衣之王服而流诸汉,乃取而葬之,以靖国人。使子旗为令尹。
Guan Xi said to Ziqian: "If you don't kill and abandon the disease, even if you win the country, you will still suffer disaster." Ziqian said: "I can't bear it." Ziyu said: "People will bear with their children, but I can't bear to wait." That's OK. The country was shocked every night and said: "The king has arrived!" On the night of Yimao, Qi Ji sent Zhou Zuo and shouted: "The king has arrived!" The people of the country were shocked. The messenger Man Chengran went to Ziqian and Zixi and said: "The king is here! The people of the country will kill you Sima in the future! If you had already taken your own initiative, you would be free from humiliation. The anger of the people is like water and fire, and you can't make plans." Someone came up and said, "Everyone is here!" Both sons committed suicide. In Bingchen, Qiji ascended the throne and was named Xiongju. He buried his son in Zi, and it was actually Zi Ao. The prisoners were killed, and the king's clothes were disseminated to the Han Dynasty. They were taken and buried to appease the people of the country. The envoy's flag is Ling Yin.
观从对子干说:“如果不杀死弃疾,虽然得到国家,还会受到灾祸。”子干说:“我不忍心啊。”观从说:“别人会对您忍心的,我不忍心等待了。”于是就走了。都城里常常有人夜里惊叫说:“君王进来了!”十七日夜里,弃疾派人走遍各处喊叫说:“君王到了!”都城里的人们大为惊恐。让蔓成然跑去报告子干、子皙说:“君王到了,都城里的人杀了您的司马弃疾,就要杀来了。您如果早一点自己打主意,可以不受侮辱。众怒好像水火,没有法子可以想了。”又有喊叫着跑来的人,说:“大伙都来到了!” 子干他们两个人都自杀了。十八日,弃疾即位,改名为熊居。 把子干安葬在訾地,称之为訾敖。杀死一个囚犯,穿上国王的衣服,却让尸体在汉水中漂流,只得收尸安葬,来安定国内的人心。让子旗担任令尹。
Guan Cong said to Ziqian: "If you don't kill Qiji, even if you get the country, you will still suffer disaster." Ziqian said: "I can't bear it." Guan Cong said: "Others will be patient with you, and I can't bear to wait." So he left. People in the capital often screamed at night: "The king has come in!" On the night of the 17th, Qiji sent people everywhere shouting: "The king has arrived!" The people in the capital were greatly frightened. Let Man Chengran run and report to Ziqian and Zixi: "The king has arrived. The people in the capital have killed Sima Qiji, who is about to kill you. If you had made your own decision earlier, you would not have been insulted. Public anger is like water and fire, and there is no way to think about it." Someone came running shouting, "Everyone is here!" Ziqian and the others committed suicide. On the 18th, Qiji ascended the throne and changed his name to Xiong Ju. Ziqian was buried in Zidi and was called Ziao. Killing a prisoner, wearing the king's clothes, but letting the body drift in the Han River, he had to collect the body and bury it to calm the hearts of the people in the country. Let Ziqi serve as the commander.
楚师还自徐,吴人败诸豫章,获其五帅。
The Chu army returned from Xu, and the Wu people defeated Zhu Yuzhang and captured their five commanders.
楚军从徐国回来,吴军在豫章打败楚军,俘虏了他们的五个将领。
When the Chu army returned from Xu, the Wu army defeated the Chu army in Yuzhang and captured five of their generals.
平王封陈、蔡,复迁邑,致群赂,施舍宽民,宥罪举职。召观従,王曰:“唯尔所欲。”对曰:“臣之先,佐开卜。”乃使为卜尹。使枝如子躬聘于郑,且致犨、栎之田。事毕,弗致。郑人请曰:“闻诸道路,将命寡君以犨、栎,敢请命。”对曰:“臣未闻命。”既复,王问犨、栎。降服而对,曰:“臣过失命,未之致也。”王执其手,曰:“子毋勤。姑归,不谷有事,其告子也。”他年芋尹申亥以王柩告,乃改葬之。
King Ping granted Chen and Cai a title, moved them back to the city, bribed the masses, gave alms to the people, and excused crimes and promoted officials. After summoning Guanxi, the king said: "It's just what you want." He said to him: "The minister is the first to assist in divination." He was entrusted with the divination Yin. The branches are like sons and they are hired by Zheng, and they are brought to the fields of Ji and Quercus. When it's over, it's time to leave. The people of Zheng asked and said: "I have heard about the road, and I will order my king to use Jian and Quercus. I dare to ask for orders." He said to him, "I have not heard the order." After returning, the king asked Jian and Quercus. He surrendered and faced him, saying: "My fault is that I lost my life, and I didn't do it." The king held his hand and said: "You are not diligent. When I come back, if there is something wrong in the valley, I will tell you." In the same year, Yu Yin Shenhai reported his death in the king's coffin, and he was reburied.
楚平王重建陈、蔡两国,让迁移出去的人回来,给有功之臣赏赐财物,取消苛政,赦免罪人,举拔被废弃的官员。召见观从,楚平王说:“你所要求的都可以答应。”观从说:“下臣的祖先是卜尹的助手。”于是就让他做了卜尹。楚平王派枝如子躬到郑国聘问,同时交还犫地、栎地的土田。聘问结束,并没有交还。郑国人请求说:“听道路传闻,打算把犫地、栎地赐给寡君,谨敢请命。”枝如子躬说:“下臣没有听到这样的命令。”回国复命以后,楚平王问起归还犫地、栎地的事,枝如子躬脱去上衣谢罪说:“臣有错,违背了王命,没有交还。”楚平王拉着他的手,说:“您不要归罪自己!先回去罢,我以后有事,还是会告诉您的。” 过了几年,芋尹申亥把楚灵王的棺材所在报告平王,于是就改葬灵王。
King Ping of Chu rebuilt the two kingdoms of Chen and Cai, brought back those who had migrated, rewarded meritorious ministers with property, abolished tyrannical rule, pardoned criminals, and promoted abandoned officials. When he summoned Guan Cong, King Ping of Chu said, "I can agree to whatever you ask for." Guan Cong said, "My ancestors were Bu Yin's assistants." So he made him Bu Yin. King Ping of Chu sent Zhi Ruzigong to the state of Zheng to ask for help, and at the same time returned the land of Hu and Querdi. The interview was over and it was not returned. The people of Zheng State requested: "I heard on the road that they plan to give the land of Hu and Querhu to me. I dare to ask for your order." Zhi Ruzi bowed and said, "I have not heard such an order." After returning to the country, King Ping of Chu asked about the return of the land of Hu and Querk. Zhi Ruzi bowed and took off his shirt to apologize and said, "I was at fault. I violated the king's order and did not return it." King Chu Ping took his hand and said, "Don't blame yourself! Go back first. I will tell you if anything happens in the future." A few years later, Yu Yin Shenhai reported the location of King Ling of Chu's coffin to King Ping, so he buried King Ling instead.
初,灵王卜,曰:“余尚得天下。”不吉,投龟,诟天而呼曰:“是区区者而不余畀,余必自取之。”民患王之无厌也,故従乱如归。
At the beginning, King Ling made a divination and said: "I still have the world." Unlucky, he threw himself into the turtle, criticized the sky and shouted: "This is a mere trivial person, and I will not give it to you, but I will take the rest for myself." The people are worried about the king's insatiability, so they wander into chaos as if they are home.
当初,楚灵王占卜说:“我希望能得到天下!”结果不吉利。灵王把龟甲扔在地上,责骂上天说:“这一点点好处都不给我,我一定要自己争取。”百姓担心灵王的欲望不能满足,所以参加动乱好像回家一样。
At the beginning, King Ling of Chu said in divination: "I hope to win the world!" The result was unlucky. The Spiritual King threw the tortoise shell on the ground and scolded God: "I won't receive any benefit from this. I must fight for it myself." The people were worried that the Spiritual King's desires would not be satisfied, so they participated in the turmoil as if they were going home.
初,共王无冢适,有宠子五人,无适立焉。乃大有事于群望,而祈曰:“请神择于五人者,使主社稷。”乃遍以璧见于群望,曰:“当璧而拜者,神所立也,谁敢违之?”既,乃与巴姬密埋璧于大室之庭,使五人齐,而长入拜。康王跨之,灵王肘加焉,子干、子皙皆远之。平王弱,抱而入,再拜,皆厌纽。斗韦龟属成然焉,且曰:“弃礼违命,楚其危哉!”
At the beginning, the co-king was Wu Zhongshi, and he had five favored sons. Wu Shi was established. A big thing happened to the crowd, and they prayed: "Please ask God to choose five people to take charge of the country." He saw the crowd with bis everywhere, and said: "Those who worship the bis are what God has established. Who dares to violate it?" King Kang stepped across it, King Ling's elbow was extended, and Ziqian and Zixi were far away. King Ping is weak, he hugs him in, and bows again, but he is disgusted with Niu. Dou Wei Gui Cheng Ranyan said: "Abandoning etiquette and disobeying orders, Chu Qi is in danger!"
当初,楚共王没有嫡长子,有五个宠爱的儿子,不知道应该立谁。于是就遍祭名山大川的神明,祈祷说:“请求神灵在五个人中选择,让他主持国家。”于是就把玉璧展示给名山大川的神明,说:“正对着玉璧下拜的,是神明所立的,谁敢违背?”祭祀完毕,就和巴姬秘密地把玉璧埋在祖庙的院子里,让这五个人斋戒,然后按长幼次序下拜。康王两脚跨在玉璧上,灵王的胳臂放在玉璧上,子干、子皙都离璧很远。平王还小,由别人抱了进来,两次下拜都压在璧纽上。鬬韦龟把成然嘱托给平王,而且说:“抛弃礼义而违背天命,楚国大概危险了。”
At the beginning, the King of the Communist Party of Chu had no eldest son, but had five beloved sons. He didn't know who he should appoint. So he worshiped the gods of famous mountains and rivers and prayed: "Ask the gods to choose among the five people to preside over the country." Then he showed the jade bi to the gods of famous mountains and rivers and said, "The person who is bowing to the jade in front of the jade is the one established by the gods. Who dares to violate it?" After the sacrifice, he and Baji secretly buried the jade in the yard of the ancestral temple, asked the five people to fast, and then bowed in order of eldest and youngest. King Kang straddled the jade bi with his feet, and King Ling put his arms on the jade bi. Ziqian and Zixi were both far away from the jade. King Ping was still young, so he was brought in by others, and he bowed twice and pressed his head on the button. Wei Wei Gui entrusted Cheng Ran to King Ping, and said: "Abandoning etiquette and justice and going against the will of heaven, the Chu country is probably in danger."
子干归,韩宣子问于叔向曰:“子干其济乎?”对曰:“难。”宣子曰:“同恶相求,如市贾焉,何难?”对曰:“无与同好,谁与同恶?取国有五难:有宠而无人,一也;有人而无主,二也;有主而无谋,三也;有谋而无民,四也;有民而无德,五也。子干在晋十三年矣,晋、楚之従,不闻达者,可谓无人。族尽亲叛,可谓无主。无衅而动,可谓无谋。为羁终世,可谓无民。亡无爱征,可谓无德。王虐而不忌,楚君子干,涉五难以弑旧君,谁能济之?有楚国者,其弃疾乎!君陈、蔡,城外属焉。苛慝不作,盗贼伏隐,私欲不违,民无怨心。先神命之。国民信之,羋姓有乱,必季实立,楚之常也。获神,一也;有民,二也;令德,三也;宠贵,四也;居常,五也。有五利以去五难,谁能害之?子干之官,则右尹也。数其贵宠,则庶子也。以神所命,则又远之。其贵亡矣,其宠弃矣,民无怀焉,国无与焉,将何以立?”宣子曰:“齐桓、晋文,不亦是乎?”对曰:“齐桓,卫姬之子也,有宠于僖。有鲍叔牙、宾须无、隰朋以为辅佐,有莒、卫以为外主,有国、高以为内主。従善如流,下善齐肃,不藏贿,不従欲,施舍不倦,求善不厌,是以有国,不亦宜乎?我先君文公,狐季姬之子也,有宠于献。好学而不贰,生十七年,有士五人。有先大夫子余、子犯以为腹心,有魏犨、贾佗以为股肱,有齐、宋、秦、楚以为外主,有栾、郤、狐、先以为内主。亡十九年,守志弥笃。惠、怀弃民,民従而与之。献无异亲,民无异望,天方相晋,将何以代文?此二君者,异于子干。共有宠子,国有奥主。无施于民,无援于外,去晋而不送,归楚而不逆,何以冀国?”
When Zi Qian returned, Han Xuanzi asked Yu Shuxiang, "How can Zi Qian help you?" He said, "It's difficult." Xuanzi said, "We share the same evil, just like the merchant Jia Yan. Why is it so difficult?" He said, "If we don't share the same hobbies, who can share the same evil?" There are five difficulties in taking over a country: one is to have favors but no one; one is to have people but no master. , the second is; having a master but no people, the fourth; having the people but no virtue, the fifth. Ziqian has been in the Jin Dynasty for thirteen years, and there are no people in the Jin and Chu tribes. It can be said that there is no one to act without a master, and it can be said that there is no plan. It can be said that there is no love for the people. The king is cruel and unruly, and he is in trouble and kills the old king. Who can help him? The people believe that if there is chaos in the surname of Chu, the first is to gain the gods; the second is to have the people; the third is to be noble; the fourth is to live in peace. Who can harm Ziqian's officials? Then he is a concubine. If he is ordered by the gods, he will be far away. His people will not care about him, and his country will have no support. How can he be established? Bin Xuwu and Xi Peng are the assistants, Ju and Wei are the foreign masters, and the country and Gao are the inner masters. They are as good as Liu, and they are good at Qi Su. They do not hide bribes, do not indulge in lust, are tireless in giving, and are tireless in seeking good. Therefore, is it not appropriate for me to have a country, Duke Wen, the son of Hu Jiji? Favored by Xian. He was fond of learning but not second-rate. In the 17th year of his life, there were five scholars. Among them, the former great masters Ziyu and Zifu were regarded as confidants, Wei Jian and Jia Tuo were regarded as the external masters, and Luan, Que, Hu and Xian were regarded as the internal masters. He died in 19 years. Hui and Huai abandon the people, and the people have no different hopes for the advancement. How can these two monarchs be different from Ziqian?
子干回国,韩宣子向叔向询问说:“子干可能会成功吧?”叔向回答说:“很难。”韩宣子说:“人们有共同的憎恶而互相需求,好像商人一样,有什么难的?”叔向回答说:“没有人和他有共同的爱好,谁会和他有共同的憎恶?得到国家有五条难处:有了显贵的身分而没有贤人,这是第一条;有了贤人而没有内应,这是第二条;有了内应而没有谋略,这是第三条;有了谋略而没有百姓,这是第四条;有了百姓而没有德行,这是第五条。子干在晋国十三年了,晋国、楚国跟从他的人,没有听说有知名之士,可以说没有贤人。族人被消灭,亲人背叛,可以说没有内应,没有空子而轻举妄动,可以说没有谋略。在外边作客一辈子,可以说没有百姓。流亡在外没有怀念他的像征,可以说没有德行。楚王虽暴虐却不忌刻,楚国如果以子干为国君,关系到这五条难处而杀死原来的国君,谁能帮助他成功?享有楚国的,恐怕是弃疾吧!统治着陈、蔡两地,方城山以外也归属于他。烦杂和邪恶的事情没有发生,盗贼潜伏隐藏,虽然有私欲而不违背礼仪,百姓没有怨恨之心。先代神明任命他,国民相信他。羋姓发生动乱,必然就是小儿子立为国君,这是楚国的常例。得到神灵的保佑,这是一;拥有百姓,这是二;具有美德,这是三;受宠又显贵,这是四;所居地位符合常例,这是五。有五条利益来除掉五条难处,谁能够伤害他?子干的官职,不过是右尹;数他的地位,不过是庶子;论起神明所命令的,那又远离了玉璧。他的显贵丧失了,他的宠信丢掉了。百姓没有怀念他的。国内没有亲附他的,将凭什么立为国君?”韩宣子说:“齐桓公、晋文公不也是这样吗?”叔向回答说:“齐桓公,是卫姬的儿子,僖公宠爱他。有鲍叔牙、宾须无、隰朋作为辅助,有莒国、卫国作为外援,有国氏、高氏作为内应。从善好像流水一样行动迅速,不贪财货,不放纵私欲,施舍不知疲倦,求善不厌其烦。由于这样而享有国家,不也是合适的吗?至于我们的先君文公,是狐季姬的儿子,献公宠爱他。喜欢学习而专心一志,生下来十七年,得到了五个人才。有先大夫子馀,予犯作为心腹,有魏犫、贾佗作为左右手,有齐国、宋国、秦国、楚国作为外援,有栾氏、郤氏、狐氏、先氏作为内应,逃亡在外十九年,意志坚定。惠公、怀公丢弃百姓,百姓都跟着文公。献公没有别的亲人,百姓没有别的希望。上天正在保佑晋国,将会用谁来代替晋文公?这两位国君,和子干不同。共王还有受宠的儿子,国内还有高深莫测的君主。对百姓没有施予,在外边没有援助。离开晋国没有人送行,回到楚国没有人迎接,凭什么希望享有楚国?”
When Ziqian returned home, Han Xuanzi asked Shuxiang, "Is it possible that Ziqian will succeed?" Shuxiang replied, "It's difficult." Han Xuanzi said, "People have the same hatred and need each other, just like businessmen. What's the difficulty?" Shuxiang replied, "No one has the same hobbies as him, who will share the same hatred with him? There are five difficulties in getting a country: if you have a noble status but no wise men, This is the first rule; there are wise men but no internal support, this is the second rule; there is internal support but no strategy, this is the third rule; there is strategy but no people, this is the fourth rule; there are people but no virtue, this is the fifth rule. It can be said that there is no strategy to act rashly when there is no loophole. It can be said that there are no people who miss him in exile. It can be said that although the king of Chu is cruel, he is not jealous. If the king of Chu kills the original king due to these five difficulties, who can help him succeed? The land and outside Fangcheng Mountain also belong to him. No troubles and evil things happen, and thieves are hidden. Although they have selfish desires and do not violate the etiquette, the people have no resentment. The gods of the past have appointed him, and the people believe in him. If the surname Mi breaks out, the younger son must be the king. This is a common practice in Chu. Being blessed by the gods is one; having the people is two; having virtue is three; Being favored and distinguished is four; being in a position that is in line with the norm is five. With five benefits to get rid of five difficulties, who can hurt him? Ziqian's official position was that of You Yin; his status was that of a concubine; when it came to what the gods ordered, he was far away from jade. His dignity was lost, his favor was thrown away. The people did not miss him. If there is no one close to him in the country, why should he be made the king? Han Xuanzi said: "Isn't it the same for Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin?" "Shu Xiang replied: "Qi Huangong is the son of Wei Ji, and Duke Xi loves him very much. There are Bao Shuya, Bin Xuwu, and Xi Peng as assistants, Ju Guo and Wei Guo as external aid, and Guo Shi and Gao Shi as internal support. Act quickly like running water, do not be greedy for money or goods, do not indulge in selfish desires, be tireless in giving alms, and never tire of pursuing good. Isn’t it appropriate to enjoy the country because of this? As for our ancestor Wen Gong, he was the son of Hu Jiji, and Xian Gong doted on him. He likes to study and is dedicated to his studies. Seventeen years after his birth, he gained five talents. There are the remaining disciples of the former great masters, Yu Feng as his confidant, Wei Jian and Jia Tuo as his right and left hands, Qi, Song, Qin and Chu as external aids, and the Luan, Que, Hu and Xian clan as internal advisers. He has been on the run for nineteen years and has a firm will. Duke Hui and Duke Huai abandoned the people, and the people all followed Duke Wen. Xian Gong has no other relatives, and the people have no other hope. God is blessing Jin. Who will he use to replace Duke Wen of Jin? These two monarchs are different from Ziqian. The king of the Communist Party also has a favored son, and there is an unpredictable monarch in the country. There is no charity for the people and no help from outside. When you leave Jin, there is no one to see you off, and when you return to Chu, there is no one to greet you. Why should you hope to enjoy Chu? "
晋成虒祁,诸侯朝而归者皆有贰心。为取郠故,晋将以诸侯来讨。叔向曰:“诸侯不可以不示威。”乃并征会,告于吴。秋,晋侯会吴子于良。水道不可,吴子辞,乃还。
When the Jin Dynasty became Hui Qi, all the princes who returned from the imperial court were dissatisfied. In order to seize Pyong, Jin will attack the princes. Shuxiang said: "The princes must demonstrate." So they gathered together and sued Wu. In autumn, the Marquis of Jin met with Wu Zi Yu Liang. The waterway was impassable, so Wu Zi resigned and returned it.
晋国落成了虒祁宫,诸侯前去朝见而回去的都对晋国有了二心。为了占取郠地的缘故,晋国打算带领诸侯前来讨伐。叔向说:“不能不向诸侯显示一下威力。”于是就召集全体诸侯会见,而且告诉吴国。秋季,晋昭公到良地打算会见吴王,水路不通,吴王辞谢不来,晋昭公就回去了。
The Jin State built the Huiqi Palace, and all the princes who went to pay homage but returned had second thoughts about the Jin State. In order to seize the land of Xi, Jin planned to lead the princes to attack. Shuxiang said: "We have to show our power to the princes." So he called all the princes to meet and informed the state of Wu. In autumn, Duke Zhao of Jin went to a good place to meet the King of Wu. However, the waterway was blocked and the King of Wu refused to come, so Duke Zhao of Jin went back.
七月丙寅,治兵于邾南,甲车四千乘,羊舌鲋摄司马,遂合诸侯于平丘。子产、子大叔相郑伯以会。子产以幄幕九张行。子大叔以四十,既而悔之,每舍,损焉。及会,亦如之。
In the seventh month, Bingyin led troops to the south of Zhu, with four thousand armored chariots and sheep-tongued carps to capture the commanders and horses. Then he joined the princes in Pingqiu. Zichan and Uncle Zi met with Zheng Bo. Zichan uses a curtain of nine lines. Uncle Zi regretted it when he was forty, and every time he gave it up, it was a loss. The same goes for meetings.
七月二十九日,在邾国南部检阅军队。装载有甲士的战车四千辆。羊舌鲋代理司马,就在平丘会合诸侯。子产、子太叔辅助郑定公参加会见,子产带了帷布、幕布各九张出发,子太叔带了各四十张,不久又后悔,每住宿一次,就减少一些帷幕。等到达会见的地方,也和子产的一样了。
On July 29, he reviewed the army in the southern part of Zhu State. There were four thousand chariots loaded with soldiers. Yangtongue acted as Sima and met the princes in Pingqiu. Zichan and Zitaishu assisted Zheng Dinggong in attending the meeting. Zichan brought nine curtains and curtains each, and Zitaishu brought forty curtains each. Soon he regretted it and reduced some curtains every time he stayed. When we arrived at the meeting place, it was the same as Zichan's.
次于卫地,叔鲋求货于卫,淫刍荛(chú ráo割草打柴,也指割草打柴的人)者。卫人使屠伯馈叔向羹,与一箧(qiè)锦,曰:“诸侯事晋,未敢携贰,况卫在君之宇下,而敢有异志?刍荛者异于他日,敢请之。”叔向受羹反锦,曰:“晋有羊舌鲋者,渎货无厌,亦将及矣。为此役也,子若以君命赐之,其已。”客従之,未退,而禁之。
Next to the Wei area, Uncle Yu seeks goods from the Wei, and he is a person who cuts grass and collects firewood (chú ráo). The people of Wei sent Uncle Tu to bring the soup to his uncle, and a basket of brocade, saying: "The princes are in the Jin Dynasty, but they dare not bring them with them. How dare Wei, who is under the king's house, dare to have different ambitions? Those who eat cud are different from others, dare to invite them? "The uncle accepted the soup and turned back to Jin, saying: "There are sheep-tongued squids in Jin who are not tired of slandering goods. They are also going to do it. If you give it to them according to the emperor's orders, they will stop."
停驻在卫国境内,羊舌鲋向卫国索取财货,放纵手下砍柴草的人捣乱。卫国人派屠伯送给叔向羹汤和一箧锦缎,说:“诸侯事奉晋国,不敢怀有二心,何况在君王的房檐下,哪里敢有别的念头?砍柴的人和过去不大一样,谨敢请您阻止他们。”叔向接受了羹汤退回了锦缎,说:“晋国有一个羊舌鲋,贪求财货没有满足,也将要及于祸难了。为了这次的事情,您如果以君王的命令赐给他锦缎,事情就了结了。”客人照办,还没有退出去,羊舌鲋就下令禁止砍柴草人的捣乱。
Stopping in the territory of Weiguo, Sheeptongue Fish asked for goods from Weiguo and indulged his men who cut firewood and caused trouble. The people of Wei sent a butcher to give Shuxiang soup and a brocade brocade, saying: "The princes serving the Jin State dare not have second thoughts, let alone under the king's eaves, how dare they have other thoughts? The people who chop wood are not the same as before. I dare you to stop them." Shuxiang accepted the soup and returned the brocade. He said: "There is a man in the Jin State who is greedy for wealth and will not be satisfied, and will be in trouble. For this matter, if you give him brocade according to the king's order, the matter will be settled." The guest obeyed, and before he left, the man ordered a ban on the troubles of the woodcutter.
晋人将寻盟,齐人不可。晋侯使叔向告刘献公曰:“抑齐人不盟,若之何?”对曰:“盟以厎(dǐ)信。君苟有信,诸侯不贰,何患焉?告之以文辞,董之以武师,虽齐不许,君庸多矣。天子之老,请帅王赋,‘元戎十乘,以先启行’,迟速唯君。”叔向告于齐,曰:“诸侯求盟,已在此矣。今君弗利,寡君以为请。”对曰:“诸侯讨贰,则有寻盟。若皆用命,何盟之寻?”叔向曰:“国家之败,有事而无业,事则不经。有业而无礼,经则不序。有礼而无威,序则不共。有威而不昭,共则不明。不明弃共,百事不终,所由倾覆也。是故明王之制,使诸侯岁聘以志业,间朝以讲礼,再朝而会以示威,再会而盟以显昭明。志业于好,讲礼于等。示威于众,昭明于神。自古以来,未之或失也。存亡之道,恒由是兴。晋礼主盟,惧有不治。奉承齐牺,而布诸君,求终事也。君曰:‘余必废之,何齐之有?’唯君图之,寡君闻命矣!”齐人惧,对曰:“小国言之,大国制之,敢不听従?既闻命矣,敬共以往,迟速唯君。”叔向曰:“诸侯有间矣,不可以不示众。”八月辛未,治兵,建而不旆。壬申,复旆之。诸侯畏之。
The people of Jin will seek an alliance, but the people of Qi will not. The uncle of the Marquis of Jin told Duke Liu Xiang, "What if the people of Qi do not make an alliance?" He said to him, "The alliance is based on faith. If you have faith, but the princes do not agree, what's the problem? Tell them to me. Literary words, Dong Zhi is a martial artist, although Qi does not allow it, there are many mediocre kings. The emperor is old, please command Wang Fu, "Yuan Rong will start the journey first." "The uncle told Qi. : "The princes are here to seek an alliance. Now you are in a state of defiance, and I think you are asking for it." He said to him: "When the princes seek an alliance, they are looking for an alliance. If they all use their lives, how can they seek an alliance?" Shu Xiang said: "The failure of a country means that there are things but no work, and things are not carried out. If there is work but no etiquette, the rules are not orderly. If there is etiquette but no authority, the order is not common. If there is authority but not obvious, the common will be unclear. If the common is unknown, abandon the common. , everything will be overthrown. This is the system of the Ming Dynasty. The princes have their ambitions, and they will show it when they meet again. When they meet again, they will make it clear. Demonstrate to the public, and make it clear to the gods. Since ancient times, the way to survive is to be prosperous. The king said, "I will abolish it. How can I do it?" The king of Qi is afraid. , Dare you not listen? Now that you have heard the order, you should respect the past and be the king. "Shu Xiang said: "The princes have time, and they must not show it to the public." In the eighth month of Xinwei, build the army without hesitation. Renshen, repeat it. The princes are afraid of it.
晋国人要重温过去的盟约,齐国人不同意。晋昭公派叔向告诉刘献公说:“齐国人不肯结盟,怎么办?”刘献公回答说:“结盟是用来表示信用的,君王如果有信用,诸侯又没有二心,担什么心?用文辞向它报告,用武力对他监督,虽然齐国不同意,君王的功绩就很多了。天子的卿士请求带领天子的军队,‘大车十辆,在前面开路’,早晚只听凭君王决定。”叔向告诉齐国,说:“诸侯请求结盟,已经在这里了。现在君王以不结盟为有利,寡君以此作为请求。”齐国人回答说:“诸侯讨伐三心二意的国家,这才需要重温过去的盟约。如果都能听从命令,哪里需要重温旧盟?”叔向说:“国家的衰败,有了事情而没有贡赋,事情就不能正常。有了贡赋而没有礼节,正常会失去上下的次序。有了礼仪而没有威严,虽有次序也不能恭敬。有了威严而不能显著,虽有恭敬也不能昭告神明。不能昭告神明而失去了恭敬,各种事务没有结果,这就是国家败亡的原因。因此明王的制度,让诸侯每年聘问以记住自己的职责。每隔三年朝觐一次以演习礼仪,再次朝觐而诸侯会见以表现威严,再次会见而结盟以显示信义。在友好中记住自己的职责,用等级次序来演习礼仪,向百姓表现威严,向神明显示信义。从古以来,也许并没有缺失。存亡之道,常常由这里开始。晋国按照礼仪而主持结盟,惟恐不能办好,谨奉结盟的牺牲而展布于君王之前,以求得事情的良好结果。君王说‘我一定要废除它’,何必结盟呢?请君王考虑一下。寡君听到命令了。”齐国人恐惧,回答说:“小国说了话,大国加以决断,岂敢不听从?已经知道了你们的意思,我们会恭恭敬敬地前去,时间迟早听任君王的决定。”叔向说:“诸侯对晋国有嫌隙了,不能不向他们显示一下威力。”八月初四日,检阅军队,建立旌旗而不加飘带。初五日,又加上飘带。诸侯都感到畏惧。
The people of Jin wanted to review the past alliance, but the people of Qi did not agree. Jin Zhaogong sent his uncle to tell Liu Xiangong: "The people of Qi are unwilling to form an alliance. What should we do?" Liu Xiangong replied: "Alliances are used to show trust. If the king has trust and the princes have no doubts, why worry? Report to him in words and supervise him with force. Although Qi does not agree, the king's achievements will be many. The emperor's ministers asked to lead the emperor's army, 'Big Car Ten' Sooner or later, it will be up to the king to decide. "Shu Xiang told Qi, "The princes have already asked for an alliance. Now it is advantageous for the king not to form an alliance, and the princes have taken this as a request." The people of Qi replied, "This is why the princes need to review the old alliance if they can obey the order." : "The decline of a country, if there are things but no tribute, things will not be normal. If there are tributes but no etiquette, the normal order will be lost. If there are etiquette but no majesty, even if there is order, there will be no respect. If there is majesty but not obvious, even if there is respect, you can't tell the gods. If you can't tell the gods and lose respect, all kinds of affairs will have no results. This is the reason for the country's decline. Therefore, the Ming King's system requires the princes to pay tribute every year to practice etiquette, and to meet with the princes again to show their majesty. To remember their duties in friendship, to practice etiquette in hierarchical order, to show majesty to the people, and to show faith to the gods. From ancient times, there may be no shortage. The road to survival and death often begins here. The Jin State presided over the alliance in accordance with etiquette, but fearing that it would not be successful, they would like to sacrifice the alliance and spread it before the king in order to obtain a good outcome. The king said, ‘I must abolish it’, so why form an alliance? Please consider this, your Majesty. The prince heard the order. The people of Qi were frightened and replied: "The small country has spoken and the big country has made a decision. How dare you disobey it?" We already know what you mean, and we will go respectfully. Sooner or later, it will be up to the king's decision. "Shu Xiang said: "The princes have a grudge against the state of Jin, so we have to show our power to them. "On the fourth day of August, the troops were reviewed and banners were set up without adding ribbons. On the fifth day, ribbons were added. The princes were all afraid.
邾人、莒人愬于晋曰:“鲁朝夕伐我,几亡矣。我之不共,鲁故之以。”晋侯不见公,使叔向来辞曰:“诸侯将以甲戌盟,寡君知不得事君矣,请君无勤。”子服惠伯对曰:“君信蛮夷之诉,以绝兄弟之国,弃周公之后,亦唯君。寡君闻命矣。”叔向曰:“寡君有甲车四千乘在,虽以无道行之,必可畏也,况其率道,其何敌之有?牛虽瘠,偾(fèn仆倒)于豚上,其畏不死?南蒯、子仲之忧,其庸可弃乎?若奉晋之众,用诸侯之师,因邾、莒、杞、鄫之怒,以讨鲁罪,间其二忧,何求而弗克?”鲁人惧,听命。
The people of Zhu and Ju expressed their admiration to Jin and said, "Lu attacked me day and night, and I am almost dead. We are not the same, and Lu is the reason for this." The marquis of Jin did not see the Duke, so his uncle Xianglai said goodbye: "The princes will make an alliance with Jiaxu, and I will know it." If you don't want to do anything to me, please do me no favors." Zifu Huibo said to him, "You believed in the barbarians' complaints and wanted to destroy the country of your brothers. After abandoning the Duke of Zhou, I will only follow your orders." Even if you have four thousand chariots riding on you, you will definitely be afraid of them. How can you lead the way? Even if the ox is barren and falls on the dolphin, Nan Kuai and Zi will not die from fear. Zhong Zhi's worry, how can we abandon it? If the people of Jin use the princes' teachers to punish Lu for their anger, why should they be ignored? "The people of Lu are afraid and obey orders.
邾人、莒人向晋国控诉说:“鲁国经常进攻我国,我国快要灭亡了。我国不能进贡财礼,是由于鲁国的缘故。”晋昭公不接见鲁昭公,派叔向前来辞谢说:“诸侯将要在初七日结盟,寡君知道不能事奉君王了,请君王不必劳驾。”子服惠伯回答说:“君王听信蛮夷的控诉,断绝兄弟国家的关系,丢弃周公的后代,也只能由得君王。你们的意见,我们已经知道了。”叔向说:“寡君有装载甲士的战车四千辆在那里,即使不按常道办事,也必然是可怕的了。何况按照常道,还有谁能抵挡?牛虽然瘦,压在小猪身上,难道怕小猪不死?对南蒯、子仲的忧虑,难道可以忘记吗?如果凭着晋国的大众,使用诸侯的军队,依靠邾国、莒国、杞国、鄫国的愤怒,来讨伐鲁国的罪过,利用你们对两个人的忧虑,什么要求得不到?”鲁国人害怕了,就听从了命令。
The people of Zhu and Ju complained to the state of Jin: "The state of Lu often attacks our country, and our country is about to perish. The reason why our country cannot pay tribute and gifts is because of the state of Lu." Jin Zhaogong did not receive Lu Zhaogong, and sent his uncle to say goodbye: "The princes will form an alliance on the seventh day of the lunar month. I know that I know Dao can no longer serve the king, please don't bother me." Zifu Huibo replied: "The king listened to the barbarians' accusations and severed the relationship between the brothers and abandoned the descendants of Zhou Gong. We already know your opinion." The prince has four thousand chariots loaded with soldiers. Even if he does not follow the ordinary way, who can resist it? Have you forgotten? If you rely on the people of Jin, use the troops of the princes, rely on the anger of Zhu, Ju, Qi, and Su to attack the sins of Lu, and use your worries about the two people, what will you ask for?" The people of Lu were afraid and obeyed the order.
甲戌,同盟于平丘,齐服也。令诸侯日中造于除。癸酉,退朝。子产命外仆速张于除,子大叔止之,使待明日。及夕,子产闻其未张也,使速往,乃无所张矣。
In Jiaxu, they allied themselves with Pingqiu and submitted to them together. Let the princes create and eliminate them in the middle of the day. Guiyou, retreat from the court. Zichan ordered his servant to get rid of him quickly, but his uncle stopped him and sent him to wait for tomorrow. In the evening, Zichan heard that it was not open, so he rushed over, but there was nothing open.
初七日,诸侯在平丘一起会盟,这是由于齐国顺服了。命令诸侯在中午到达盟会地点。初六日,朝见晋国完毕。子产命令外仆赶紧在盟会的地方搭起帐篷,子太叔阻拦仆人,让他们等第二天再搭。到晚上,子产听说他们还没有搭起帐篷,就派他们赶紧去,到那里已经没有地方可以搭帐篷了。
On the seventh day of the lunar month, the princes gathered together in Pingqiu to make an alliance. This was because Qi had submitted. Order the princes to arrive at the meeting place at noon. On the sixth day of the lunar month, the audience with the State of Jin was completed. Zichan ordered his servants to quickly set up tents at the alliance meeting place. Uncle Zi Tai stopped the servants and asked them to wait until the next day to set up tents. In the evening, Zichan heard that they had not set up their tents yet, so he sent them to go quickly. When they got there, there was no place to set up tents.
及盟,子产争承,曰:“昔天子班贡,轻重以列,列尊贡重,周之制也。卑而贡重者,甸服也。郑伯,男也,而使従公侯之贡,惧弗给也,敢以为请。诸侯靖兵,好以为事。行理之命,无月不至,贡之无艺,小国有阙,所以得罪也。诸侯修盟,存小国也。贡献无及,亡可待也。存亡之制,将在今矣。”自日中以争,至于昏,晋人许之。既盟,子大叔咎之曰:“诸侯若讨,其可渎乎?”子产曰:“晋政多门,贰偷之不暇,何暇讨?国不竞亦陵,何国之为?”
When it came to the alliance, Zichan argued for the inheritance, saying: "In the past, the emperor's tribute was as important as the others, and the tribute was important, which was the system of the Zhou Dynasty. Those who were humble and paid heavy tribute were obeyed by Dian. Uncle Zheng, a male, was afraid that he would not be able to pay tribute, so he dared to ask for it. The princes calmed down the soldiers, so I thought it would be a good idea. Things. There is no way to fulfill the orders, and there is no skill in paying tribute. Therefore, the princes have made alliances, and they have not contributed enough to save the country. The system of survival will be in this day and night. After the alliance was formed, Uncle Zi scolded the princes and said, "If the princes try to challenge them, is it sacrilegious?" Zichan said, "There are many branches in the Jin government, and I have no time to steal them, so why bother to challenge them? If there is no competition, there will be mausoleums, so what is the purpose of the country?"
等到结盟的时候,子产争论进贡物品的轻重次序,说:“从前天子确定进贡物品的次序,轻重是根据地位排列的。地位尊贵,贡赋就重,这是周朝的制度,地位低下而贡赋重的,这是距天子附近的小国。郑伯,是男服。让我们按照公侯的贡赋标准,恐怕不能足数供应的,谨敢以此作为请求。诸侯之间应当休息甲兵,从事于友好。使者催问贡税的命令,没有一个月不来到。贡赋没有个限度,小国不能满足要求而有所缺少,这就是得罪的原因。诸侯重温旧盟,这是为了使小国得以生存。贡赋没有个限制,灭亡的日子将会马上到来。决定存亡的规定,就在今天了。”从中午开始争论,直到晚上,晋国人同意了。结盟以后,子太叔责备子产说:“诸侯如果来讨伐,难道可以轻易地对待吗?”子产说:“晋国的政事出于很多家族,他们不能一心一意,苟且偷安还来不及,哪里来得及讨伐别人?国家不和别国竞争,也就会遭到欺凌,还成个什么国家?”
When the alliance was about to be formed, Zichan argued about the order of tribute items and said: "In the past, the emperor determined the order of tribute items. The order of tribute items was based on status. The higher the status, the heavier the tribute. This is the system of the Zhou Dynasty. The lower status and heavier tributes are small countries near the emperor. Uncle Zheng, is a male. Let us follow the tribute standards of the princes. I am afraid that we cannot supply the full amount, so I dare to make this request. The princes should Rest the soldiers and engage in friendship. The order of tribute comes not a month later. There is no limit to the tribute, and the small country cannot meet the requirements. This is the reason for the offence. This is to enable the small country to survive. The day of destruction will come soon. The decision of survival is today." The people of Jin agreed from noon until the evening. After the alliance was formed, Zi Taishu scolded Zi Chan and said: "If the princes come to attack, can they be treated lightly?" Zi Chan said: "The political affairs of the Jin State are handled by many families. They cannot concentrate on it. It is too late to stay in peace. How can there be time to attack others? If a country does not compete with other countries, it will be bullied. What kind of country is it?"
公不与盟。晋人执季孙意如,以幕蒙之,使狄人守之。司铎射怀锦,奉壶饮冰,以蒲伏焉。守者御之,乃与之锦而入。晋人以平子归,子服湫従。
The public does not make an alliance. The Jin people held Ji Sun Yiru and covered it with a curtain, so that the Di people guarded it. The priest shoots the brocade, drinks ice from the pot, and lays it down with a pudding. The defender controls it and enters with it. The people of Jin returned home in Pingzi, and their sons served in Qiuxi.
鲁昭公不参加结盟。晋国人逮捕了季孙意如,用幕布遮住他,让狄人看守。司铎射怀里藏了锦,捧着用壶盛着的冰水,悄悄地爬过去。看守人阻止他,就把锦送给看守人,然后进去。晋国人带了季孙回到晋国,子服湫跟随前去。
Duke Zhao of Lu did not participate in the alliance. The Jin people arrested Ji Sun Yiru, covered him with a curtain, and let the Di people guard him. The priest had a brocade hidden in his arms, holding a jug of ice water, and crept over quietly. The guard stopped him, so he gave the brocade to the guard and went in. The people of Jin brought Ji Sun back to Jin, and Zi Fuqiu followed him.
子产归,未至,闻子皮卒,哭,且曰:“吾已,无为为善矣,唯夫子知我。”仲尼谓:“子产于是行也,足以为国基矣。《诗》曰:‘乐只君子,邦家之基。’子产,君子之求乐者也。”且曰:“合诸侯,艺贡事,礼也。”
Zichan returned, but before he arrived, he heard that Zipi had died, and cried, and said: "I have done nothing good, but Master knows me." Zhongni said: "Zichan has done it now, and it is enough to be the foundation of the country. "Poetry" says: 'Happiness is only for a gentleman, and it is the foundation of a country.' Zichan is a gentleman who seeks happiness." He also said: "Being in harmony with the princes, art and tribute, and etiquette."
子产回国,没有到达,听说子皮死了,号哭,说:“我完了!没有人帮我做好事了。只有他老人家了解我。”孔子认为:“子产在这次盟会中,足以成为国家的柱石了。《诗》说:‘是君子欢乐,他是国家和家族的柱石。’子产是君子中追求欢乐的人。”又说:“会合诸侯,制定贡赋的限度,这就是礼。”
Zichan returned home but did not arrive. When he heard that Zipi was dead, he cried and said, "I am finished! No one can do good things for me. Only his old man understands me." Confucius thought: "Zichan in this alliance is enough to become a pillar of the country. "Poetry" said: 'It is the gentleman who is happy, he is the pillar of the country and family.' Zichan is a gentleman who pursues happiness." He also said: "Meet the princes and set the limit of tribute. This is etiquette."
鲜虞人闻晋师之悉起也,而不警边,且不修备。晋荀吴自著雍以上军侵鲜虞,及中人,驱冲竞,大获而归。
When the people of Xianyu heard about the Jin army, they did not guard the border and did not make preparations. Jin, Xun, and Wu led their armies above Yong's army to invade Xian and Yu, and the people in the army fought against them and returned with a great harvest.
鲜虞人听说晋国军队全部出动,可是并不在边境警戒,而且不修治武备。晋国的荀吴从著雍带领上军侵袭鲜虞,到达中人,驱使冲车和鲜虞人争逐,大获全胜然后回国。
The people of Xianyu heard that all Jin troops were dispatched, but they did not guard the border and did not maintain military equipment. Xun Wu of the Jin State led the army to invade Xianyu from Yong Yong, reached Zhongren, drove the chariots to fight with the Xianyu people, won a great victory, and then returned home.
楚之灭蔡也,灵王迁许、胡、沈、道、房、申于荆焉。平王即位,既封陈、蔡,而皆复之,礼也。隐大子之子庐归于蔡,礼也。悼大子之子吴归于陈,礼也。
When Chu destroyed Caiye, King Ling moved Xu, Hu, Shen, Dao, Fang, and Shen to Jingyan. When King Ping came to the throne, he granted the title of Chen and Cai and restored them to each other. This was a courtesy. Yin Dazi's son's house returned to Cai, which was also a courtesy. It is a courtesy to mourn the eldest son's son Wu and return to Chen.
楚国灭亡蔡国的时候,楚灵王把许国、胡国、沈国、道地、房地、申地的人迁到楚国国内。楚平王即位,在封了陈国、蔡国以后,就都让他们迁回去,这是合于礼的。使隐太子的儿子庐回到蔡国,这是合于礼的。使悼太子的儿子吴回到陈国,这是合于礼的。
When the State of Chu was destroyed by the State of Cai, King Ling of Chu moved the people of Xu, Hu, Shen, Daodi, Fangdi, and Shen to the Chu State. When King Ping of Chu came to the throne, after enfeoffing the states of Chen and Cai, he asked them to move back. This was in line with etiquette. It is in line with etiquette to send Prince Yin's son Lu back to the state of Cai. It is in line with etiquette to send Wu, the son of Prince Mourning, back to the state of Chen.
冬十月,葬蔡灵公,礼也。
In the tenth month of winter, Duke Cai Linggong was buried with ceremony.
冬季,十月,安葬蔡灵公,这是合于礼的。
In winter, in October, it is appropriate to bury Cai Linggong.
公如晋。荀吴谓韩宣子曰:“诸侯相朝,讲旧好也,执其卿而朝其君,有不好焉,不如辞之。”乃使士景伯辞公于河。
Duke is like Jin. Xun Wu said to Han Xuanzi: "It is good for the princes to talk about the past when they are courting each other. If they hold their ministers and court their king, if there is something wrong, it is better to resign." So he sent the scholar Jingbo to resign to the river.
鲁昭公到晋国去。荀吴对韩宣子说:“诸侯互相朝见,这是由于重温过去的友好。抓了他们的大夫而朝见他们的国君,这是不友好的,不如辞谢他。”于是就派士景伯在黄河边上辞谢昭公。
Duke Zhao of Lu went to Jin. Xun Wu said to Han Xuanzi: "The princes meet each other to rekindle the friendship of the past. It is unfriendly to meet their monarch after arresting their senior officials. It is better to say goodbye to him." So he sent Jingbo to say goodbye to Duke Zhao on the bank of the Yellow River.
吴灭州来。令尹子期请伐吴,王弗许,曰:“吾未抚民人,未事鬼神,未修守备,未定国家,而用民力,败不可悔。州来在吴,犹在楚也。子姑待之。”
Wu Miezhou came. Yin Ziqi was ordered to ask for an attack on Wu, and Wang Fu agreed, saying: "I have not cared for the people, I have not cared about ghosts and gods, I have not built defenses, and I have not established the country, but I have used the power of the people. There is no regret for defeat. The state came to Wu, and it is still in Chu. Zigu will treat it."
吴国灭亡州来,令尹子期请求进攻吴国。楚王不答应,说:“我没有安抚百姓,没有事奉鬼神,没有修缮防御设备,没有安定国家和家族,在这种情况下去使用百姓的力量,失败了来不及后悔。州来在吴国,就像在楚国一样。您姑且等着吧。”
The state of Wu was destroyed, and Yin Ziqi was ordered to request an attack on the state of Wu. The King of Chu refused and said, "I did not appease the people, serve the ghosts and gods, repair the defense equipment, and stabilize the country and family. If I use the power of the people under such circumstances, there will be no time to regret if I fail. The state is in the state of Wu, just like in the state of Chu. Just wait."
季孙犹在晋,子服惠伯私于中行穆子曰:“鲁事晋,何以不如夷之小国?鲁,兄弟也,土地犹大,所命能具。若为夷弃之,使事齐、楚,其何瘳于晋?亲亲,与大,赏共、罚否,所以为盟主也。子其图之。谚曰:‘臣一主二。’吾岂无大国?”穆子告韩宣子,且曰:“楚灭陈、蔡,不能救,而为夷执亲,将焉用之?”乃归季孙。惠伯曰:“寡君未知其罪,合诸侯而执其老。若犹有罪,死命可也。若曰无罪而惠免之,诸侯不闻,是逃命也,何免之?为请従君惠于会。”宣子患之,谓叔向曰:“子能归季孙乎?”对曰:“不能。鲋也能。”乃使叔鱼。叔鱼见季孙曰:“昔鲋也得罪于晋君,自归于鲁君。微武子之赐,不至于今。虽获归骨于晋,犹子则肉之,敢不尽情?归子而不归,鲋也闻诸吏,将为子除馆于西河,其若之何?”且泣。平子惧,先归。惠伯待礼。
Ji Sun was still in the Jin Dynasty, and his son obeyed Hui Bo and went to the middle of the country privately. Mu Zi said: "Lu is in Jin, why is it inferior to the small country of Yi? Lu is a brother, and the land is huge, and he can fulfill his orders. If he abandons it for the Yi and sends troops to Qi and Chu, how will it harm Jin? We are close to each other, and we are big. He is the leader of the alliance. As the proverb goes: "One minister and two masters." Muzi told Han Xuanzi, "Chu has destroyed Chen and Cai, and they can't save them. How can they be used by the generals?" Hui Bo said: "I don't know my crime, and I join the princes and hold on to my old age. If I am still guilty, I will die. If I say that I am not guilty and I am going to spare him, but the princes will not hear about it, I am running for my life. How can I avoid it? I am asking the king to benefit me." Uncle Yu saw Ji Sun and said: "In the past, Kun offended the king of Jin and returned to the king of Lu. The gift of Wei Wuzi is not what it is now. Although the bones are returned to Jin, I still have the flesh of my son. How dare I not indulge in it? He returns to his son but does not return. He also heard that the officials will remove his residence in the Xihe River for his son. What should he do?" He wept. Pingzi is afraid and returns first. Hui Bo received the gift.
季孙还在晋国,子服惠伯私下对中行穆子说:“鲁国事奉晋国,凭什么不如夷人的小国?鲁国,是兄弟,国土面积还很大,你们所规定的进贡物品都能具备。如果为了夷人而抛弃鲁国,让鲁国事奉齐国、楚国,对晋国有什么好处?亲近兄弟国家,赞助版图大的国家,奖赏能供给的国家,惩罚不供给的国家,这才是作为盟主的态度。您还是考虑一下!俗话说:‘一个臣子要有两个主人。’我们难道没有大国可以去奉事了?”穆子告诉韩宣子,而且说:“楚国灭亡陈、蔡,我们不能救援,反而为了夷人抓了亲人,这有什么用?”于是就把季孙放回去。惠伯说:“寡君不知道自己的罪过,会合诸侯而抓了他的元老。如果有罪,可以奉命而死。如果说没有罪而加恩赦免他,诸侯没有听到,这是逃避命令,这怎么算是赦免呢?请求赐给恩惠在盟会上赦免。”韩宣子担心这件事,对叔向说:“您能让季孙回去吗?”叔向回答说:“我办不到。鲋是能办得到的。”于是就让叔鱼去。叔鱼进见季孙,说:“从前鲋得罪了晋国国君,自己到了鲁国,如果不是武子的恩赐,不能到今天。即使老骨头已经回到晋国,等于您再次给了我生命,岂敢不为您尽心尽力?让您回去而您不回去,鲋听官吏说,将要在西河修造一所房子把您安置在那里,那怎么办?”说着,流下泪来。季孙害怕,就先回去了。惠伯不走,等晋国人以礼相送。
When Ji Sun was still in Jin, his son Fu Huibo privately said to Zhongxing Muzi: "Why is the state of Lu inferior to the small country of the Yi people when they serve the state of Jin? The state of Lu is a brother, and its territory is still very large. It can meet all the tribute items you have stipulated. If you abandon the state of Lu for the sake of the barbarians and let the state of Lu serve the states of Qi and Chu, what good will it do to the state of Jin? If you are close to your brother country and sponsor a country with a large territory, the rewards can be provided. This is the attitude of a leader. As the saying goes: "A minister must have two masters." Don't we have a big country to serve? "Mu Zi told Han Xuanzi, "Chu is destroyed, and we can't rescue Chen and Cai. What's the use of arresting our relatives for the sake of the barbarians?" So he sent Ji Sun back. Hui Bo said: "The prince didn't know his crime, so he joined the princes and captured his elders. If he was guilty, he could die according to the order. If he said he was not guilty and offered mercy and pardoned him, but the princes didn't hear it, he was evading the order. How could this be considered a crime? What about pardon? Ask for mercy and pardon at the alliance meeting." Han Xuanzi was worried about this and said to Shu Xiang, "Can you let Ji Sun go back?" Shu Xiang replied, "I can't do it." So he let Shu Yu go. Shu Yu came to see Ji Sun and said: "In the past, Yu offended the king of Jin and came to Lu. If it were not for the gift of Wu Zi, he would not be here today. Even if Old Bones has returned to Jin, it means that you have given me life again. How dare I not do my best for you? I asked you to go back but you don't. Yu heard the officials say that a house will be built in Xihe to put you there. What should I do?" As he spoke, he shed tears. Ji Sun was afraid and went back first. Hui Bo refused to leave and waited for the Jin people to send him off with courtesy.
