昭公(元年~三十二年) 昭公二十二年(前520年)

类别:史部 作者:左丘明 书名:春秋左传

    【经】
【经】

    二十有二年春,齐侯伐莒。宋华亥、向宁、华定自宋南里出奔楚。大蒐于昌间。夏四月乙丑,天王崩。六月,叔鞅如京师,葬景王,王室乱。刘子、单子以王猛居于皇。秋,刘子、单子以王猛入于王城。冬十月,王子猛卒。十有二月癸酉朔,日有食之。
In the spring of the second year of the twentieth year, the Marquis of Qi attacked Ju. Song Huahai, Xiang Ning, and Huading left Song Nanli for Chu. Search in Changjian. In the fourth month of summer, Yi Chou, the King of Heaven died. In the sixth month, Shu Yang was like the capital master, and King Jing was buried, and the royal family was in chaos. Liu Zi and Shan Zi took Wang Meng to the throne. In autumn, Liu Zi and Shan Zi entered the royal city with Wang Meng. In the tenth month of winter, the prince died violently. In the second month of the tenth month, Guiyoushuo, there will be an eclipse on the sun.

    【传】
【Biography】

    二十二年春,王二月甲子,齐北郭启帅师伐莒。莒子将战,苑羊牧之谏曰:“齐帅贱,其求不多,不如下之。大国不可怒也。”弗听,败齐师于寿余。齐侯伐莒,莒子行成。司马灶如莒莅盟,莒子如齐莅盟,盟子稷门之外。莒于是乎大恶其君。
In the spring of the 22nd year, in the second month of the year of the king, Guo Qishui, commander of the Northern Qi Dynasty, attacked Ju. When Juzi was about to fight, Yuan Yangmu admonished him and said: "The commander of Qi is humble, and he does not ask for much, so it is better not to be inferior to him. A big country cannot be angry." But he did not listen, and the Qi army was defeated in Shouyu. The Marquis of Qi attacked Ju, and Ju Zi succeeded. Sima Zao is like Ju Lai Meng, Ju Zi is like Qi Lai Meng, and Meng Zi is outside Jimen. Ju then greatly hated his king.

    二十二年春季,周王朝历法的二月十六日,齐国的北郭启领兵进攻莒国。莒子将要迎战,苑羊牧之劝谏说:“齐国的元帅地位低下,他的要求不多,不如向他低头,大国是不能激怒的。”莒子不听,在寿馀打败了齐军。齐景公又亲自领兵进攻莒国,莒子求和。司马灶到莒国参加结盟,莒子到齐国参加结盟,在稷门外边盟誓。莒国人因此而大大地讨厌他们的国君。
In the spring of the 22nd year, on February 16th according to the Zhou Dynasty calendar, Beiguo Qi of Qi State led troops to attack Ju State. When Juzi was about to fight, Yuan Yangmu advised him: "The marshal of Qi has a low status and does not ask for much. It is better to bow to him. A big country cannot be angered." Juzi refused to listen and defeated the Qi army in his lifetime. Qi Jinggong personally led troops to attack Ju State, and Ju Zi sued for peace. Sima Zao went to the State of Ju to form an alliance, and Juzi went to the State of Qi to form an alliance and swore an oath of alliance outside Jimen. The people of Ju State hated their king greatly because of this.

    楚薳越使告于宋曰:“寡君闻君有不令之臣为君忧,无宁以为宗羞?寡君请受而戮之。”对曰:“孤不佞,不能媚于父兄,以为君忧,拜命之辱。抑君臣日战,君曰‘余必臣是助’,亦唯命。人有言曰:‘唯乱门之无过’。君若惠保敝邑,无亢不衷,以奖乱人,孤之望也。唯君图之!”楚人患之。诸侯之戍谋曰:“若华氏知困而致死,楚耻无功而疾战,非吾利也。不如出之,以为楚功,其亦能无为也已。救宋而除其害,又何求?”乃固请出之。宋人従之。己巳,宋华亥、向宁、华定、华貙、华登、皇奄伤、省臧,士平出奔楚。宋公使公孙忌为大司马,边卬为大司徒,乐祁为司马,仲几为左师,乐大心为右师,乐輓(即“挽”)为大司寇,以靖国人。
The envoy of Chu Chu and Yue told the Song Dynasty: "If you hear that the ministers you don't order are worried about you, why would you rather think that you are ashamed of your clan? I will kill you if you accept it." He said to him: "I am not a sycophant. I cannot flatter my father and brother. I will think that I am worried about you and a disgrace to my fate." When the king and his ministers are fighting, the king says, "I will help you." There is a saying: "There is nothing wrong with the chaos of the family." The garrison plan of the princes said: "If the Hua family realizes that they are trapped and die, Chu will be shameful and have no merit and fight quickly, which is not in our interests. It is better to go out and think that Chu has made a contribution, and he can do nothing. Save the Song Dynasty and eliminate its harm, what else do you want?" Nai Gu requested to go out. The people of Song Dynasty took advantage of it. Ji Si, Song Hua Hai, Xiang Ning, Hua Ding, Hua Ai, Hua Deng, Huang Yanshang, Sheng Zang, and Shi Ping left for Chu. The Duke of Song Dynasty appointed Gongsun Ji as the Chief Sima, Bian Yan as the Chief Situ, Yue Qi as the Sima, Zhong Ji as the Left Master, Le Daxin as the Right Master, and Lewan (i.e. "Wan") as the Chief Sikou. They were from Jingguo.

    楚国的薳越派人告诉宋国说:“寡君听说君王有不好的臣下使君王忧虑,恐怕成为宗庙的羞耻,寡君请求接受下来加以诛戮。”宋元公回答说:“孤没有才能,不能取得父兄的欢心,因此成为君王的忧虑,承蒙君王下达命令。君臣之间每天作战,如果君王说:‘我一定帮助臣下’,也只能唯命是听,人们有话说:‘不要经过动乱人家的门口。”君王如果赐恩保护敝邑,不去保护不忠,以奖励作乱的人,这是孤的愿望,请君王考虑一下。”楚国人担心这件事,诸侯派往宋国戌守的将领商量说:“如果华氏感到没有前途而拼命战斗,楚国由于不见功效而很快出兵作战,这于我们不利,不如让他们出去,以成就楚国的功绩,华氏也不能有所作为了,救援了宋国而除掉了他们的祸害,还有什么要求呢?”于是坚决请求放出华氏,宋国人听从了。二月二十一日,宋国的华亥、向宁、华定、华貙、华登、皇奄伤、省臧、士平逃亡楚国。宋元公派公孙忌做大司马,边卬做大司徒,乐祁做司城,仲几做左师,乐大心做右师,乐輓做大司寇,以便用来安定国内的人们。
Xie Yue of the state of Chu sent someone to tell the state of Song: "I heard that the king has bad ministers who worry the king. They may be a shame to the ancestral temple, so I asked to accept them and kill them." Duke Yuan of Song replied: "I have no talent and cannot win the favor of my father and brother. Therefore, I have become the king's worry. Please give me the order. Orders. The king and his ministers fight every day. If the king says: "I will help my subordinates," they can only obey the orders. People say: "Don't pass through the gates of people who are in trouble." If the king gives favors to protect the city and does not protect the unfaithful to reward the rebels, this is Gu's wish. Please consider it. "The people of Chu were worried about this, and the generals sent by the princes to the Song Kingdom discussed and said: "If Hua feels that there is no future and fights desperately, and Chu quickly sends troops to fight because it has no effect, it is not good for us. It is better to let them go out to achieve Chu's achievements. Hua can't do anything anymore. He rescued Song and got rid of their scourge, what else do you want? "So they firmly requested to release Hua, and the people of Song Dynasty obeyed. On February 21, Hua Hai, Xiang Ning, Huading, Hua Ai, Hua Deng, Huang Xiangshang, Sheng Zang, and Shi Ping fled to Chu. The Duke of Song and Yuan Dynasty sent Gongsun Ji to be the chief minister, Bian Yan to be the chief disciple, Le Qi to be the city commander, Zhong Ji to be the left division, Le Daxin to be the right division, and Le Wan to be the chief secretaries, so as to stabilize the people in the country.

    王子朝、宾起有宠于景王,王与宾孟说之,欲立之。刘献公之庶子伯蚠事单穆公,恶宾孟之为人也,愿杀之。又恶王子朝之言,以为乱,愿去之。宾孟适郊,见雄鸡自断其尾。问之,侍者曰:“自惮其牺也。”遽归告王,且曰:“鸡其惮为人用乎?人异于是。牺者,实用人,人牺实难,己牺何害?”王弗应。
Prince Chao and Bin Qi were favored by King Jing, and the king told Bin Meng about it and wanted to establish it. Duke Liu Xiang's concubine Bo Chen was serving Duke Shan Mu. He hated his guest Meng Zhi as a human being and wanted to kill him. He also hated the words of the prince and thought it was chaos, so he wanted to get rid of it. When I was in the suburbs of Binmeng, I saw a rooster cutting off its tail. When asked, the waiter said: "I am afraid of my own sacrifice. He suddenly returned to the king and said, "Is the chicken afraid of being used by others?" People are different. Those who sacrifice are practical people. It is difficult to sacrifice others, but what harm is there in sacrificing oneself? "Wang Fuying.

    王子朝、宾起受到周景王的宠信,景王和宾起喜爱王子朝,要立王子朝为太子。刘献公的庶子伯蚠事奉单穆公,讨厌宾起的为人,愿意杀掉他。又讨厌王子朝的话,认为违背了礼制,愿意除掉他。有一次宾起走到郊外,看到雄鸡自己弄断自己的尾巴。他问为什么,侍者说:“这是它自己害怕作牺牲。”宾起赶快回来报告景王,而且说:“鸡大概是害怕被人利用吧!人就和这不一样,牺牲,是被人使用的,被人利用确实困难,被自己利用还有什么妨碍?”景王不回答。
Wang Zichao and Binqi were favored by King Jing of Zhou Dynasty. King Jing and Binqi liked Wang Zichao and wanted to make Wangzi Chao the crown prince. Duke Liu Xiang's concubine Bo Chu served Duke Shan Mu and disliked Bin Qi's behavior and wanted to kill him. He also disliked Wang Zichao's words and thought it violated the rules of etiquette, so he was willing to get rid of him. Once Binqi walked to the outskirts and saw a rooster breaking off its own tail. When he asked why, the waiter said: "It is because it is afraid of making sacrifices. Binqi hurried back to report to King Jing, and said, "Chicken is probably afraid of being taken advantage of!" People are different from this. Sacrifice is to be used by others. It is indeed difficult to be used by others. What is the obstacle to being used by oneself? "King Jing didn't answer.

    夏四月,王田北山,使公卿皆従,将杀单子、刘子。王有心疾,乙丑,崩于荣锜氏。戊辰,刘子挚卒,无子,单子立刘蚠(fén)。五月庚辰,见王,遂攻宾起,杀之,盟群王子于单氏。
In the fourth month of the summer, Wang Tianbei Mountain sent all the officials and ministers to kill Shan Zi and Liu Zi. The king had a heart disease, Yi Chou, and died in the Rongqi family. In Wuchen, Liu Zizhi died without any children, so Shanzi established Liu Wei (fén). In the fifth month of Gengchen, I saw the king, so I attacked Binqi, killed him, and allied with the princes in the Shan family.

    夏季,四月,景王在北山打猎,让公卿们都跟着,准备杀掉单子、刘子。景王有心脏病,十八日,死在荣锜氏那里。二十二日,刘子挚死了,没有嫡子,单子立了刘蚠。五月初四日,刘蚠进见周悼王,就乘势攻打宾起。杀死了他,和王子们在单氏那里结盟。
In summer, in April, King Jing was hunting in Beishan, and asked all the officials to follow him, preparing to kill Shan Zi and Liu Zi. King Jing had a heart disease and died at Rongqi's house on the 18th. On the 22nd, Liu Zizhi died. He had no legitimate son, so he gave birth to Liu Wei. On the fourth day of May, Liu Ben came to see King Zhou Yao and took advantage of the situation to attack Binqi. Killed him and formed an alliance with the Shan family with the princes.

    晋之取鼓也,既献,而反鼓子焉,又叛于鲜虞。
The Jin Dynasty took the drum and offered it, but rebelled against the drum Zi Yan and rebelled against Xian Yu.

    晋国占取鼓地的时候,在宗庙里进献战利品以后就让鼓子回国。鼓子回去又背叛晋国归属鲜虞。
When the Jin State occupied the land of Gu, they presented the spoils of war to the ancestral temple and then allowed Guzi to return home. When Guzi returned, he betrayed Jin and returned to Xianyu.

    六月,荀吴略东阳,使师伪籴负甲以息于昔阳之门外,遂袭鼓,灭之。以鼓子鸢鞮归,使涉佗守之。
In the sixth month, Xun Wu captured Dongyang, and sent his troops to pretend to be soldiers and carry armor to rest outside the gate of Xiyang. Then they attacked the drum and destroyed it. He returned with drums and kites, and sent She Tuo to guard them.

    六月,荀吴巡视东阳,派军队伪装籴米的人,背着皮甲在昔阳城门外休息,就乘机侵袭鼓国,灭亡了它,带着鼓子鸢鞮回去,派涉佗镇守鼓地。
In the sixth month, Xun Wu inspected Dongyang, and sent troops disguised as rice farmers, carrying leather armor and resting outside the gate of Xiyang City. He took the opportunity to invade the country of Gu and destroyed it. He returned with Yuan Ding, a drummer, and sent Shetuo to guard the country of Gu.

    丁巳,葬景王。王子朝因旧官、百工之丧职秩者,与灵、景之族以作乱。帅郊、要、饯之甲,以逐刘子。壬戌、刘子奔扬。单子逆悼王于庄宫以归。王子还夜取王以如庄宫。癸亥,单子出。王子还与召庄公谋,曰:“不杀单旗,不捷。与之重盟,必来。背盟而克者多矣。”従之。樊顷子曰:“非言也,必不克。”遂奉王以追单子。及领,大盟而复,杀挚荒以说。刘子如刘,单子亡。乙丑,奔于平畤,群王子追之。单子杀还、姑、发、弱、鬷(zōng)、延、定、稠,子朝奔京。丙寅,伐之,京人奔山。刘子入于王城。辛未,巩简公败绩于京。乙亥,甘平公亦败焉。
Ding Si, the king of burial scene. Due to the loss of old officials and hundreds of workers in the prince's dynasty, they caused trouble with the Ling and Jing clans. Command the Jia of the suburbs, key points, and soldiers to drive away Liu Zi. Renxu and Liu Zi rushed to Yang. Shanzi went to Zhuang Palace to mourn the king and return. The prince returned to the king's palace at night. Guihai, the list comes out. The prince also conspired with Duke Zhaozhuang, saying: "If you don't kill a single banner, you will not be successful. If you renew the alliance with them, they will definitely come. There are many who betray the alliance and defeat it." Fan Qingzi said: "If you don't say anything, you will not be able to defeat it." Then he asked the king to chase the list. When he led the army, the alliance was restored, and he killed Zhihuang and said it. Liu Zi is like Liu, Shan Zi is dead. Yi Chou ran across the plains, and a group of princes chased him. Shanzi killed Huan, Gu, Fa, Rui, Wei (zōng), Yan, Ding, and Chou, and Zichao rushed to the capital. Bingyin, cut it down, and the people from Beijing rushed to the mountain. Liu Zi entered the royal city. In Xinwei, Gong Jian was defeated in Beijing. In Yihai, Duke Ping of Gan was also defeated.

    六月十一日,安葬周景王。王子朝依仗旧官和百工中失去官职的人和灵王、景王的族人而发动叛乱。王子朝率领郊地、要地、饯地的甲士以驱逐刘子。十六日,刘子逃亡到扬地,单子在庄宫迎接悼王回到自己家里,王子还在夜里又把悼王带到庄宫。十七日,单子出奔,王子还和召庄公谋划,说:“不杀死单旗,不能算胜利。和他再次结盟,他必定会来。违背盟约而战胜敌人的事情是很多的。”召庄公听从了他的话。樊顷子说:“这不成话,必然不能战胜敌人。”于是王子还就事奉悼王追赶单子,到达崿岭,大张旗鼓地结盟后一起回去,杀死了挚荒以向单子解释,刘子到刘地去。单子逃亡,十九日,逃亡到平畤。王子们追赶他,单子杀了还、姑、发、弱、鬷、延、定、稠,王子朝逃亡到京地。二十日,单子攻打京地。京地人逃亡到山里,刘子进入王城。二十五日,巩简公在京地大败。二十九日,甘平公也在那里战败。
On June 11th, King Zhou Jing was buried. The princely dynasty launched a rebellion by relying on the old officials and the people who had lost their official positions and the clansmen of King Ling and King Jing. The prince led the soldiers in the suburbs, important places, and farewell areas to drive away Liu Zi. On the 16th, Liu Zi fled to Yangdi. Shan Zi welcomed King Mou back to his home at Zhuang Palace. The prince also took King Mou to Zhuang Palace at night. On the 17th, Shan Zi fled, and the prince also plotted with Duke Zhaozhuang, saying: "If you don't kill Shan Qi, it can't be considered a victory. Form an alliance with him again, and he will definitely come. There are many things that break the covenant and defeat the enemy." Duke Zhaozhuang obeyed his words. Fan Qingzi said: "This is not true, and we will definitely not be able to defeat the enemy." So the prince also served the king of mourning and chased Shan Zi to Yiling. After forming an alliance with great fanfare, they went back together and killed Zhihuang to explain to Shan Zi. Liu Zi went to Liu Di. Shanzi fled, and on the 19th, he fled to Ping'an. The princes chased him, and Shanzi killed Huan, Gu, Fa, Rui, Wei, Yan, Ding, and Chou. The princes fled to the capital. On the 20th, Shanzi attacked Jingdi. The people of the capital fled to the mountains, and Liu Zi entered the royal city. On the 25th, Gong Jian was defeated in Beijing. On the 29th, Duke Ping of Gan was also defeated there.

    叔鞅至自京师,言王室之乱也。闵马父曰:“子朝必不克,其所与者,天所废也。”单子欲告急于晋,秋七月戊寅,以王如平畤,遂如圃车,次于皇。刘子如刘。单子使王子处守于王城,盟百工于平宫。辛卯,鄩(xún)肸伐皇,大败,获鄩肸。壬辰,焚诸王城之市。八月辛酉,司徒丑以王师败绩于前城,百工叛。己巳,伐单氏之宫,败焉。庚午,反伐之。辛未,伐东圉。冬十月丁巳,晋籍谈、荀跞帅九州之戎及焦、瑕、温、原之师,以纳王于王城。庚申,单子、刘蚠以王师败绩于郊,前城人败陆浑于社。十一月乙酉,王子猛卒,不成丧也。已丑,敬王即位,馆于子族氏。
Uncle Yang came to the capital and said that there was chaos in the royal family. Min Ma's father said: "The son's dynasty will not be defeated, and what he gives will be abolished by heaven." Shanzi wanted to appeal to the Jin Dynasty, and on the day of Wuyin in the seventh month of autumn, the king was like a flat land, and then he was like a nursery chariot, second to the emperor. Liu Zi is like Liu. Shanzi sent the prince to guard the royal city, and allied hundreds of workers to the Ping Palace. In Xinmao, Xún defeated the emperor and was defeated, and he won the title of Xinmao. In Renchen, all the kings and cities were burned. In the eighth month of Xinyou, Situ Chou was defeated by the king's army in Qiancheng, and all the workers rebelled. Ji Si, attacked Shan's palace and was defeated. In Gengwu, he rebelled against him. In Xinwei, he attacked Dongyu. In the tenth month of winter at Dingsi, Tan and Xunsong of the Jin Dynasty commanded the troops of Jiuzhou and the divisions of Jiao, Xia, Wen and Yuan to welcome the king to the royal city. Geng Shen, Shan Zi, and Liu Ben were defeated by Wang's army in the suburbs, and the Qiancheng people defeated Lu Hun in She. In the eleventh month of the twelfth month, the prince died violently, which was not a mourning event. Now that he is ugly, he respects the king and takes the throne, and pays homage to his son's clan.

    叔鞅从京师回来,说起王室的动乱,闵马父说:“王子朝必定不能得胜,他所亲附的人,都是上无所废弃的。”单子想要向晋国报告紧急情况。秋季,七月初三日,带着周悼王去到平畤,于是又到了圃车,住在皇地。刘子到刘地去,单子派王子处在王城守卫,和百工在平宫结盟。十六日,鄩肸攻打皇地,大败,被俘。十七日,把鄩肸在王城的市上烧死。八月十六日,司徒丑带领周天子的军队在前城大败,百工叛变。二十四日,攻打单氏的住宅,被打败。二十五日,单氏进攻。二十六日,进攻东圉。冬季,十月十三日,晋国的籍谈、荀跞率领九州的戎人和焦地、瑕地、温地、原地的军队,把周悼王送回王城。十六日,单子、刘蚠率领周天子的军队在郊地作战大败,前城人在社地打败陆浑。十一月十二日,王子猛死。《春秋》不记载“崩”,是由于没有举行天子丧葬礼的缘故。十六日,周敬王即位,住在子旅氏家里。
When Shu Yang came back from the capital, he talked about the turmoil in the royal family. Min Ma's father said: "The prince's dynasty will definitely not be victorious. The people he is close to are all worthy of sacrifice." Shanzi wanted to report the emergency to Jin. In autumn, on the third day of the seventh month, I took King Zhou Mourning to Pingjing, and then went to Puche to live in the imperial land. When Liu Zi went to Liu's land, Shan Zi sent his prince to guard the royal city and formed an alliance with Baigong in Ping Palace. On the 16th, he attacked the emperor's land, was defeated and captured. On the 17th, he was burned to death in the market of the royal city. On August 16, Emperor Zhou's army led by Situ Chou was defeated in Qiancheng, and Baigong rebelled. On the 24th, he attacked Shan's residence and was defeated. On the 25th, Shan attacked. On the 26th, they attacked Dongyu. In winter, on the 13th day of the tenth month, Ji Tan and Xun Shu of the Jin State led the troops from Jiuzhou and the troops from Jiaodi, Xiadi, Wendi and Yuanti to send King Zhou Mourning back to the royal city. On the 16th, Emperor Zhou's army led by Shanzi and Liu Wei was defeated in a battle in the suburbs, and the people of Qiancheng defeated Lu Hun in Shedi. On November 12, the prince died suddenly. "Spring and Autumn" does not record "collapse" because the emperor's funeral was not held. On the 16th, King Zhou Jing ascended the throne and lived in Zilv's house.

    十二月庚戌,晋籍谈、荀跞、贾辛、司马督帅师军于阴,于侯氏,于溪泉,次于社。王师军于氾,于解,次于任人。闰月,晋箕遗、乐征,右行诡济师,取前城,军其东南。王师军于京楚。辛丑,伐京,毁其西南。
In the twelfth month of the twelfth month, Gengxu, Jin Jitan, Xunshu, Jia Xin, and Sima commanded the division's troops in Yin, in Houshi, in Xiquan, and then in She. Wang's army is more focused on generalization, more focused on solving, and less important than appointing people. In the leap month, Jin Jiyi and Lezheng marched to the right to capture the front city and march to the southeast. Wang's army arrived in Jingchu. Xin Chou attacked the capital and destroyed its southwest.

    十二月初七日,晋国的籍谈、荀跞、贾辛、司马督领兵分别驻扎在阴地、侯氏、溪泉和住在社地。周天子的军队驻扎在汜地、解地、任人。闰十二月,晋国的箕遗、乐征、右行诡带领部队渡河占取前城,驻扎在前城的东南,周天子的军队驻扎在京楚。二十九日,攻打京地,破坏了京地的西南部。

On the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, Ji Tan, Xun Shu, Jia Xin, and Sima Du of the Jin State led their troops and were stationed in Yindi, Houshi, Xiquan, and Zhushedi respectively. Emperor Zhou's army was stationed in Si, Jiedi and Renren. In the leap twelfth month, Ji Yi, Le Zheng, and You Xinggui of the Jin State led their troops across the river to capture Qian City and stationed themselves in the southeast of Qian City. The army of Emperor Zhou was stationed in Jingchu. On the 29th, they attacked Jingdi and destroyed the southwestern part of Jingdi.

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