昭公(元年~三十二年) 昭公二十六年(前516年)

类别:史部 作者:左丘明 书名:春秋左传

    【经】
【经】

    二十有六年春王正月,葬宋元公。三月,公至自齐,居于郓。夏,公围成。秋,公会齐侯、莒子、邾子、杞伯,盟于鄟陵。公至自会,居于郓。九月庚申,楚子居卒。冬十月,天王入于成周。尹氏、召伯、毛伯以王子朝奔楚。
In the first month of the 20th year of the Spring King's reign, Duke Yuan of the Song Dynasty was buried. In March, the Duke came to Ziqi and settled in Yun. In summer, the public encirclement was completed. In the autumn, the guilds of Qihou, Juzi, Zhuzi and Qibo formed an alliance in Tuanling. When the public comes to their own meeting, they live in Yun. In the ninth month of Gengshen, Chuzi died. In the tenth month of winter, the King of Heaven enters Chengzhou. Yin, Zhao Bo and Mao Bo went to Chu as princes.

    【传】
【Biography】

    二十六年春,王正月庚申,齐侯取郓。
In the spring of the twenty-sixth year, in the first month of the first month of the year, Wang Geng Shen, the Marquis of Qi, took Yun.

    二十六年春季,周王朝历法的正月初五日,齐景公攻取郓地。
In the spring of the twenty-sixth year, on the fifth day of the first lunar month according to the Zhou Dynasty calendar, Qi Jinggong captured Yundi.

    葬宋元公,如先君,礼也。
Burying the Duke of Song and Yuan Dynasty is as ceremonial as the previous emperor.

    安葬宋元公,像安葬先君一样,这是符合礼的。
It is in line with etiquette to bury Duke Yuan of Song Dynasty just like burying the ancestors.

    三月,公至自齐,处于郓,言鲁地也。
In the third month, the Duke came to Ziqi, and he was in Yun, the land of Lu.

    三月,昭公从齐国到达,住在郓地,这是说已经到了鲁国境内。
In March, Duke Zhao arrived from Qi and lived in Yundi, which meant that he had arrived in Lu.

    夏,齐侯将纳公,命无受鲁货。申丰従女贾,以币锦二两,缚一如瑱,适齐师。谓子犹之人高齮:“能货子犹,为高氏后,粟五千庾。”高齮以锦示子犹,子犹欲之。能货子犹,为高氏后,粟五千庚。高齮以锦示子犹,子犹欲之。齮曰:“鲁人买之,百两一布,以道之不通,先入币财。”子犹受之,言于齐侯曰:“群臣不尽力于鲁君者,非不能事君也。然据有异焉。宋元公为鲁君如晋,卒于曲棘。叔孙昭子求纳其君,无疾而死。不知天之弃鲁耶,抑鲁君有罪于鬼神,故及此也?君若待于曲棘,使群臣従鲁君以卜焉。若可,师有济也。君而继之,兹无敌矣。若其无成,君无辱焉。”齐侯従之,使公子鉏帅师従公。
In the summer, the Marquis of Qi will accept the Duke, but he will not accept Lu Huo. Shen Feng's daughter, Jia, gave two taels of coins and brocade and bound them like a jade, which is suitable for the Qi division. Gao You said to Zi You, "Zi You, a talented man, is the queen of the Gao family and has five thousand grains." Gao You showed Zi You with brocade, and Zi You wanted it. A capable man, he is a descendant of the Gao family and has five thousand grams of grain. Gao You showed his brocade to Zi You, who wanted it. Yan said: "The people of Lu bought it, a hundred taels of cloth, because the road was blocked, and they first entered the money." Zi still accepted it, and said to the Marquis of Qi: "If the ministers do not do their best to the Lord of Lu, it must be that they are unable to serve the Lord. However, there is a difference in possession. Duke Yuan of Song Dynasty was the Lord of Lu, just like Jin, and died in Quji. His uncle and grandson Zhaozi asked to accept him as the Lord, but there was no way. He died of illness. I don’t know if Heaven has abandoned Lu Ye, so why should I ask the ministers to help me?

    夏季,齐景公准备送昭公回国,命令不要接受鲁国的财礼。申丰跟着女贾,用两匹锦缎作为财礼,捆紧在一起像一块瑱圭,到齐军中去,对子犹的家臣高齮说:“如果你能收买子犹,我们让你当高氏的继承人,给你五千庾粮食。”高齮把锦给子犹看,子犹想要。高齮说:“鲁国人买得很多,一百匹一堆,由于道路不畅通,先把这点礼品送来。”子犹收下了礼物,对齐景公说:“臣下们对鲁国国君不肯尽力,不是不能奉行君命,然而据却感到奇怪。宋元公为了鲁国国君去到晋国,死在曲棘。叔孙昭子请求让他的国君复位,无病而死。不知道是上天抛弃鲁国呢,还是鲁国国君得罪了鬼神所以才到这地步呢?君王如果在曲棘等待,派臣下们跟从鲁国国君试探向鲁作战可胜与否。如果行,军事有了成功,君王就继续前去,这就不会有抵抗的人了。如果没有成功,就不必麻烦君王了。”齐景公听从了他的话,派公子鉏带兵跟从昭公。
In the summer, Qi Jinggong was preparing to send Duke Zhao back to his country, and ordered him not to accept financial gifts from Lu. Shen Feng followed the female Jia, used two pieces of brocade as a gift, tied them together like a piece of Gui, and went to the Qi army. He said to Zi You's retainer Gao Jue: "If you can bribe Zi You, we will make you the heir of the Gao family and give you five thousand grains." Gao Ye showed the brocade to Zi You, and Zi You wanted it. Gao Jie said: "The people of Lu bought a lot, a hundred horses in piles. Because the roads are not smooth, I sent this gift first." Ziyu accepted the gift and said to Qi Jinggong: "The ministers are not willing to do their best to the king of Lu. It is not that they cannot obey the king's orders, but they are strange. Duke Yuan of Song Dynasty went to Jin for the king of Lu and died in Quji. Uncle Sun Zhaozi asked for his king to be restored to the throne, and died without illness. I don't know who it was. Did God abandon Lu, or did the king of Lu offend the ghosts and gods? If the king waits in Quji and sends his subordinates to follow the king of Lu to test whether the war against Lu is successful, then the king will continue to move forward, and there will be no resistance. If not, there is no need to trouble the king. " Qi Jinggong obeyed his words and sent his son to lead the army to follow Duke Zhao.

    成大夫公孙朝谓平子曰:“有都以卫国也,请我受师。”许之。请纳质,弗许,曰:“信女,足矣。”告于齐师曰:“孟氏,鲁之敝室也。用成已甚,弗能忍也,请息肩于齐。”齐师围成。成人伐齐师之饮马于淄者,曰:“将以厌众。”鲁成备而后告曰:“不胜众。”
Gongsun Chao, the official of Cheng Dynasty, said to Pingzi: "You have a capital to defend the country. Please ask me to be a disciple." Xu Zhi said. Please accept the pledge, and refuse to grant it, saying: "I believe in women, that's enough." He told Master Qi, "Meng's family is from Lu's house. It has been used to a great extent, and I can't bear it. Please rest your shoulders and come to Qi." Master Qi surrounded him. When an adult attacked Qi's master who was drinking his horse in Zi, he said: "I will be tired of the crowd." Lu Chengbei then said: "I can't defeat the crowd."

    成大夫公孙朝对平子说:“城市,是用来保卫国家的,请让我们来抵御齐军。”平子答应了。公孙朝请求送上人质,平子不答应,说:“相信你,这就够了。”公孙朝告诉齐军说:“孟氏,是鲁国的破落户。他们使用成地太过分了,我们不能忍受,请求降服于齐国以便休息。”齐军就包围成地。成地的军队进攻在淄水饮马的齐军,说:“这是做给大家看的。”鲁国准备充分以后告诉齐国人说:“我们拗不过大家。”
Gongsun Chao, the doctor of Cheng, said to Pingzi: "The city is used to defend the country. Please let us resist the Qi army." Pingzi agreed. Gongsun Chao asked for hostages to be sent, but Pingzi refused and said, "I believe you, this is enough." Gongsun Chao told the Qi army, "The Meng family is a ruined household of the Lu state. They have used Chengdi too much. We can't bear it. We ask to surrender to Qi so that we can rest." The Qi army surrounded Chengdi. Chengdi's army attacked the Qi army who was drinking horses in Zishui, saying: "This is for everyone to see." After Lu was fully prepared, he told the Qi people: "We can't defeat everyone."

    师及齐师战于炊鼻。齐子渊捷従泄声子,射之,中楯瓦。繇朐汰辀,匕入者三寸。声子射其马,斩鞅,殪。改驾,人以为鬷戾也,而助之。子车曰:“齐人也。”将击子车,子车射之,殪。其御曰:“又之。”子车曰:“众可惧也,而不可怒也。”子囊带従野泄,叱之。泄曰:“军无私怒,报乃私也,将亢子。”又叱之,亦叱之。冉竖射陈武子,中手,失弓而骂。以告平子,曰:“有君子白皙,鬒须眉,甚口。”平子曰:“必子强也,无乃亢诸?”对曰:“谓之君子,何敢亢之?”林雍羞为颜鸣右,下。苑何忌取其耳,颜鸣去之。苑子之御曰:“视下顾。”苑子刜(fú,砍)林雍,断其足。鑋(qīng,一只脚走)而乘于他车以归,颜鸣三入齐师,呼曰:“林雍乘!”
The division and the entire army fought at Chuibi. Qi Ziyuanjie let out a sound, shot it, and hit the tile. Yao Qu eliminates the gourd, and the dagger penetrates three inches. Shengzi shot his horse, beheaded the martingale, and killed him. If you change your driving style, people will think you are being aggressive and help you. Zi Che said, "Qi Ren." He was about to hit Zi Che, and Zi Che shot him, killing him. The emperor said: "Here it is." Zi Che said: "Everyone should be afraid, but not angry." Xie said: "The army is selfless and angry, and retribution is selfish, and the general is overbearing." He scolded him, and he scolded him. Ran shot Chen Wuzi vertically and hit his hand. He missed the bow and cursed. He told Pingzi and said: "There is a gentleman who is fair-skinned, has a beard and eyebrows, and is very mouthy." Pingzi said: "You must be strong, but you can't be arrogant?" He said to him: "You call me a gentleman, how dare you be arrogant?" Lin Yong was ashamed because Yan Ming was on the right, and he came down. Yuan He is afraid to take his ears and remove them with Yan Ming. Yuanzi Zhiyu said: "Look down." Yuanzi Shun (fú, chop) Lin Yong, cut off his feet. Yuan (qīng, walking on one foot) rode in his car to return home. Yan Mingsan entered the Qi division and called out: "Lin Yongcheng!"

    鲁军和齐军在炊鼻作战,齐国的子渊捷追赶泄声子,用箭射泄声子,射中盾脊,箭从横木穿过车辕,箭头射进盾脊三寸。泄声子用箭射子渊捷的马,射断马颈上的皮带,马倒地死去。子渊捷改乘别的战车,鲁国人误认为他是鬷戾,就上去帮他,子渊捷说:“我是齐国人。”鲁国人将要攻击子渊捷,子渊捷一箭射去,射死了鲁国人。子囊带的赶车人说:“再射。”子渊捷说:“大队人马可以让他们害怕,而不能激怒他们。”子囊带追赶声子,叱骂他。声子说:“作战的时候没有个人的愤怒,我回骂就是为私人了,我将要抵挡您一阵。”子渊捷还是叱骂声子,声子也就回骂他。冉竖用箭射陈武子,谢中手,弓落到地上而大骂。冉竖报告平子,说:“有一个君子皮肤白胡子眉毛黑而密,很会骂人。”平子说:“一定是子彊,不是抵挡了他吧?”冉竖回答说:“既称他为君子,怎么敢抵挡他?”林雍不愿意做颜鸣的车右,下车,苑何忌割了他的耳朵,颜鸣要把他带走。苑何忌的赶车人说:“朝下看!”就看着林雍的脚。苑何忌砍斫林雍,砍断了他的一只脚,林雍用一只脚跳上别的战车逃回来,颜鸣三次冲进齐军,大喊说:“林雍来坐车!”
The Lu army and the Qi army were fighting at Chuubi. Zi Yuanjie of Qi State chased Xie Shengzi and shot Xie Shengzi with an arrow, hitting the ridge of the shield. The arrow passed through the shaft of the chariot from the crossbar and penetrated three inches into the ridge of the shield. Xie Shengzi shot Zi Yuanjie's horse with an arrow, breaking the leather strap around its neck. The horse fell to the ground and died. Zi Yuanjie rode in another chariot. The people of Lu mistakenly thought he was ruthless and went up to help him. Zi Yuanjie said, "I am from Qi." The people of Lu were about to attack Zi Yuanjie, but Zi Yuanjie shot an arrow and killed the Lu man. Zi Nangdai's driver said: "Shoot again." Zi Yuanjie said: "The large group of people can scare them, but not anger them." Zi Nangdai chased Shengzi and scolded him. Shengzi said: "There is no personal anger in fighting. I will scold you for personal reasons. I will resist you for a while." Zi Yuanjie still scolded Shengzi, and Shengzi scolded him in return. Ran Shu shot Chen Wuzi with an arrow, but he missed it. The bow fell to the ground and he cursed. Ran Shu reported to Pingzi, saying: "There is a gentleman with white skin, beard and dark eyebrows, and he is very good at swearing." Pingzi said, "It must be Ziqiang, didn't you resist him?" Ran Shu replied, "Since you call him a gentleman, how dare you resist him?" Lin Yong did not want to be Yan Ming's driver, so he got out of the car. Yuan Heji cut off his ear, and Yan Ming wanted to take him away. Yuan Heji's driver said: "Look down!" He looked at Lin Yong's feet. Yuan Heji chopped off Lin Yong and cut off one of his feet. Lin Yong jumped on another chariot with one foot and fled back. Yan Ming rushed into the Qi army three times and shouted: "Lin Yong, come and ride in the chariot!"

    四月,单子如晋告急。五月戊午,刘人败王城之师于尸氏。戊辰,王城人、刘人战于施谷,刘师败绩。
In April, the list is in a hurry. On Wuwu day of the fifth month, the Liu people defeated Wangcheng's army against the Xi family. In Wuchen, the Wangcheng people and the Liu people fought in Shigu, and the Liu division was defeated.

    四月,单子到晋国去报告紧急情况。五月初五日,刘国人在尸氏打败了王城的军队。十五日,王城人、刘国人在施谷作战,刘军大败。
In April, Shanzi went to Jin to report the emergency. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Liu people defeated the royal army in Shishi. On the 15th, people from Wangcheng and Liu Guo fought in Shigu, and Liu Jun was defeated.

    秋,盟于鄟陵,谋纳公也。
In the autumn, they allied with each other in Lunling, hoping to attract the public.

    秋季,鲁昭公和齐景公、莒子、邾子、杞伯在鄟陵结盟,这是为了谋划送昭公回国。
In the autumn, Duke Zhao of Lu and Duke Jin of Qi, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, and Qi Bo formed an alliance in Tuanling, in order to plan to send Duke Zhao back to his country.

    七月己巳,刘子以王出。庚午,次于渠。王城人焚刘。丙子,王宿于褚氏。丁丑,王次于萑谷。庚辰,王入于胥靡。辛巳,王次于滑。晋知跞、赵鞅帅师纳王,使女宽守关塞。
In the seventh month, Liu Zi came out as king. Geng Wu, second to Qu. The people of Wangcheng burned Liu. Bingzi, the king lived in the Chu family. Ding Chou, the second king is Yu Gu. Gengchen, the king entered Xu Mi. Xin Si, Wang Ciyu Hua. Jin Zhisong and Zhao Yang commanded their masters to accept the king, and their maids kept guard on the pass.

    七月十七日,刘子带了周敬王出去。十八日,住在渠地,王城的军队放火烧了刘子的城邑。二十四日,周敬王住在褚氏。二十五日,周敬王住在萑谷。二十八日,周敬王进入胥靡。二十九日,周敬王住在滑地。晋国的知跞、赵鞅领兵接纳周敬王,派汝宽镇守阙塞。
On July 17, Liu Zi took King Zhou Jing out. On the 18th, while living in Qudi, the army of the royal city set fire to Liu Zi's city. On the 24th, King Jing of Zhou lived in the Chu family. On the 25th, King Jing of Zhou lived in Xugu. On the 28th, King Zhou Jing entered Xu Mi. On the 29th, King Zhou Jing lived in Huadi. Zhishuo and Zhao Yang of Jin State led troops to accept King Zhou Jing and sent Ru Kuan to guard the fortress.

    九月,楚平王卒。令尹子常欲立子西,曰:“大子壬弱,其母非适也,王子建实聘之。子西长而好善。立长则顺,建善则治。王顺国治,可不务乎?”子西怒曰:“是乱国而恶君王也。国有外援,不可渎也。王有适嗣,不可乱也。败亲、速仇、乱嗣,不祥,我受其名。赂吾以天下,吾滋不従也。楚国何为?必杀令尹!”令尹惧,乃立昭王。
In September, King Ping of Chu died. Ling Yinzi often wanted to establish Zixi, and said: "The eldest son Ren is weak, and his mother is not suitable, so the prince Jianzhi hired him. Zixi is long and loves good. If he is long, he will be obedient, and if he is good, he will rule. Is it okay for the king to be submissive and govern the country?" Zixi said angrily: "He is a troubled country and a bad king. Ye. The king has a suitable heir, and he must not be in trouble. It is unlucky to accept his name and bribe the world. What can I do? "Ling Yin is afraid, so he is the king of Zhao.

    九月,楚平王死去,令尹子常想要立子西,说:“太子壬年纪小,他的母亲不是正妻,而是王子建所聘的,子西年纪大而喜好善良,立年长就顺于情理,建立善良的国家就得治。君王顺理国家太平,能不努力去做吗?”子西发怒说:“这是扰乱国家,宣扬君王的坏事,国家有外援,不能轻慢。君王有嫡出的继承人,不能混乱。败坏亲人、召来仇敌、混乱继承人,不吉利,我会蒙受恶名。即使用天下来贿赂我,我也是不能听从的,楚国有什么用?一定要杀死令尹。”令尹恐惧,就立了楚昭王。
In September, King Ping of Chu died, and Yin Zichang wanted to establish Zixi, saying: "Prince Ren is young, and his mother is not the official wife, but the wife of Prince Jian. Zixi is old and likes kindness. If you are old, you should follow the rules. To build a kind country, you must govern. Can the king not work hard to make the country peaceful?" Zixi said angrily: "This is disturbing the country. , spread the bad things of the king, and the country has foreign aid, so it cannot be ignored. The king has a direct heir, and it is not good for him to destroy his relatives, summon enemies, and mess up his heir. I will be in bad reputation. Even if you use the world to bribe me, what is the use of the Chu State?" Ling Yin was afraid, so he established King Zhao of Chu.

    冬十月丙申,王起师于滑。辛丑,在郊,遂次于尸。十一月辛酉,晋师克巩。召伯盈逐王子朝,王子朝及召氏之族、毛伯得、尹氏固、南宫嚚奉周之典籍以奔楚。阴忌奔莒以叛。召伯逆王于尸,及刘子、单子盟。遂军圉泽,次于堤上。癸酉,王入于成周。甲戌,盟于襄宫。晋师使成公般戍周而还。十二月癸未,王入于庄宫。
In the tenth month of winter at Bingshen, Wang set out to attack Hua. Xinchou, in the suburbs, is second to the corpse. In November of Xinyou, the Jin army conquered Gong. Zhao Boying chased the prince dynasty, and the prince dynasty and the Zhao clan, Mao Bode, Yin Shigu, and Nangong Xi went to Chu with Zhou's classics. Yin Ji rushes to Ju to rebel. Zhao Bo Ni Wang was dead, along with Liu Zi and Shan Zimeng. Then the army marched to the lake, followed by the embankment. In Guiyou, the king entered Chengzhou. Jiaxu, allied in Xiang Palace. The Jin army sent Duke Cheng to garrison Zhou and return. At the end of the twelfth lunar month, the king entered Zhuang Palace.

    冬季,十月十六日,周敬王在滑地起兵。二十一日,在郊地,就住在尸地。十一月十一日,晋军攻下巩地,召伯盈赶走了王子朝。王子朝和召氏的族人、毛伯得、尹氏固、南宫嚚保护着周朝的典籍逃亡楚国,阴忌逃亡莒地叛变。召伯盈在尸地迎接周敬王,和刘子、单子结盟。于是就驻扎在圉泽,住在堤上。二十三日,周敬王进入成周。二十四日,在襄王的庙里盟誓。晋军派成公般在成周戍守,就回去了。十二月初四日,周敬王进入庄宫。
In winter, on October 16, King Zhou Jing raised troops in Huadi. On the twenty-first day, in the suburbs, I stayed in the corpse field. On November 11, the Jin army captured Gongdi, and Zhao Boying drove away Wang Zichao. Wang Zichao and the Zhao clan, Mao Bode, Yin Shigu, and Nangong Lao protected the Zhou Dynasty's classics and fled to Chu State, and Yinji fled to Judi to rebel. Zhao Boying welcomed King Zhou Jing at the corpse place and formed an alliance with Liu Zi and Shan Zi. So he stationed himself in Yuze and lived on the embankment. On the 23rd, King Jing of Zhou entered Chengzhou. On the twenty-fourth, we made an oath in King Xiang's temple. The Jin army sent Cheng Gongban to garrison Chengzhou and then returned. On the fourth day of December, King Zhou Jing entered Zhuang Palace.

    王子朝使告于诸侯曰:“昔武王克殷,成王靖四方,康王息民,并建母弟,以蕃屏周。亦曰:‘吾无专享文、武之功,且为后人之迷败倾覆,而溺入于难,则振救之。’至于夷王,王愆于厥身,诸侯莫不并走其望,以祈王身。至于厉王,王心戾虐,万民弗忍,居王于彘。诸侯释位,以间王政。宣王有志,而后效官。至于幽王,天不吊周,王昏不若,用愆厥位。携王奸命,诸侯替之,而建王嗣,用迁郏鄏。则是兄弟之能用力于王室也。至于惠王,天不靖周,生颓祸心,施于叔带,惠、襄辟难,越去王都。则有晋、郑,咸黜不端,以绥定王家。则是兄弟之能率先王之命也。在定王六年,秦人降妖,曰:‘周其有頿(zī,通“髭”)王,亦克能修其职。诸侯服享,二世共职。王室其有间王位,诸侯不图,而受其乱灾。’至于灵王,生而有頿。王甚神圣,无恶于诸侯。灵王、景王,克终其世。
The prince's envoy told the princes: "In the past, King Wu conquered Yin, became the king, and settled the four directions. King Kang calmed the people, and established his mother and brother to protect the surrounding area. He also said: 'I have no exclusive merits in literature and martial arts, and I was overthrown by the confusion of future generations. If I drowned in difficulties, I rescued him.' As for the king of Yi, the king was shocked by Jue, and everyone The princes all went to pray for the king. As for King Li, the king was cruel and cruel, and the people could not bear it. It was the brother's ability to exert his power in the royal family. As for King Hui, the weather was not peaceful, and he had evil intentions. Hui and Xiang were in trouble, and the kings of Jin and Zheng were deposed. It was the brother's ability to take the lead in the king's order. Yao, said: "Zi, the king of the Zhou Dynasty, can also cultivate his position. The princes share the duties. The princes do not want to be kings, but they suffer from chaos." As for the king of Ling, he is very sacred and has no evil to the princes.

    王子朝派人报告诸侯说:“从前武王战胜殷朝,成王安定四方,康王与民休息,一起分封同母兄弟,以此作为周朝的屏障,还说:“我不能独自承受文王、武王的功业,而且还是为了后代,一旦荒淫败坏而陷入危难,就可以拯救他。”到了夷王,恶疾缠身,诸侯没有不遍祭境内的名山大川,为夷王的健康作祈祷。到了厉王,他的内心乖张暴虐,老百姓不能忍受,就让他住到彘地去。诸侯各自离开他们的职位,来参与王朝的政事。宣王有知识,然后把王位奉还给了他。到了幽王,上天不保佑周朝,天子昏乱不顺,因此失去王位。携王触犯天命,诸侯废弃了他,立了继承人,因此迁都到郏鄏。这就是由于兄弟们为王室出力。到了惠王,上天不使周朝安定,使颓生出祸心,波及于叔带。惠王、襄王避难,离开了国都。这时候就有晋国、郑国都来驱走不正派的人,以安定王室。这就是由于兄弟们遵先王的命令。在定王六年的时候,秦国人中降下妖孽,说:“周朝会有一个长胡子的天子,也能够完成自己的职分。使诸侯顺服而享有国家,两代谨守自己的职分,王室中有人觊觎王位,诸侯不为王室图谋,受到了动乱灾祸。”到了灵王,生下来就有胡子,他十分神奇聪明,对诸侯没有做什么恶事。灵王、景王都能善始善终。
The princes sent people to report to the princes: "In the past, King Wu defeated the Yin Dynasty, and King Cheng stabilized the four directions. King Kang rested with the people and divided the brothers from the same mother together as a barrier for the Zhou Dynasty. He also said: "I cannot bear the achievements of King Wen and King Wu alone, and for the sake of future generations, I can save him once he is debauched and corrupted and falls into danger. "When King Yi arrived, he was plagued by serious illnesses, so the princes went to the famous mountains and rivers in the territory to pray for King Yi's health. When King Li arrived, he was perverse and violent in his heart, and the people couldn't bear it, so they let him live in the pig land. The princes each left their positions to participate in the political affairs of the dynasty. King Xuan had knowledge and returned the throne to him. When King You arrived, God did not bless the Zhou Dynasty, and the emperor was confused and disobedient, so he lost his throne. King Xie violated the mandate of heaven, and the princes abandoned him and established a successor, so the capital was moved to Jiaxuan. This is because the brothers contribute to the royal family. When King Hui arrived, God did not allow the Zhou Dynasty to be stable, but gave birth to evil intentions, which affected his uncle. King Hui and King Xiang took refuge and left the capital. At this time, Jin and Zheng came to drive away the unruly people to stabilize the royal family. This is because the brothers followed the order of the late king. In the sixth year of King Ding's reign, an evildoer descended on the Qin people, saying: "The Zhou Dynasty will have a bearded emperor who can also fulfill his duties. The princes will be obedient and enjoy the country, and the two generations will keep their duties. Someone in the royal family covets the throne, and the princes do not seek for the royal family, and suffer turmoil and disaster." When King Ling arrived, he was born with a beard. He was very magical and intelligent, and he did nothing evil to the princes. Both Ling Wang and Jing Wang can start well and end well.

    “今王室乱,单旗、刘狄,剥乱天下,壹行不若。谓:‘先王何常之有?唯余心所命,其谁敢请之?’帅群不吊之人,以行乱于王室。侵欲无厌,规求无度,贯渎鬼神,慢弃刑法,倍奸齐盟,傲很威仪,矫诬先王。晋为不道,是摄是赞,思肆其罔极。兹不谷震荡播越,窜在荆蛮,未有攸厎。若我一二兄弟甥舅,奖顺天法,无助狡猾,以従先王之命,毋速天罚,赦图不谷,则所愿也。敢尽布其腹心,及先王之经,实深图之。
"Today, the royal family is in chaos. Single banners and Liu Di are robbing the world. They say: 'How often does the former king exist? Who dares to ask for it, except for the orders of Yu Xin?' Commanding a group of people who do not care, they cause chaos in the royal family. They have insatiable desires, excessive demands, blasphemy of ghosts and gods, careless abandonment of criminal laws, double rape of the alliance, arrogance of dignity, and false accusations of the ancestors. . The Jin Dynasty is unruly, and it is extremely unreasonable to think about it. It spreads across the valley, and there is no one in the Jingman. If one or two of my brothers and nephews obey the laws of heaven, they are helpless and cunning, and they do not speed up the punishment of heaven, but they are not willing to do it. I dare to tell their hearts and the scriptures of the ancestors.

    “现在王室动乱,单旗、刘狄搅乱天下,专门倒行逆施,说:‘先王登位根据什么常规?只要我心里想立谁,有谁敢来讨伐?’带了一些不好的人,以此在王室中制造混乱。他们侵吞没有满足,贪求没有限度,惯于亵渎鬼神,轻慢抛弃刑法,违背触犯盟约,蔑视礼制,诬蔑先王。晋国无道,对他们加以赞助,无限度放纵他们。现在我动荡流离,逃窜到荆蛮,还没有归宿。如果我们一两位兄弟甥舅顺从上天的法度,不要帮助狡猾之徒,以服从先王的命令,不要招来上天的惩罚,除去我的忧虑并为我谋划,就是我的愿望了。谨敢完全披露腹心和先王的命令,希望诸侯认真地考虑一下。
"Now the royal family is in turmoil, Shan Qi and Liu Di are causing chaos in the world, and they are doing the opposite, saying: 'What rules did the late king follow when he ascended the throne? As long as I want to establish someone in my heart, who dares to attack me? ’ He brought some bad people with him to create chaos in the royal family. They embezzle without satisfaction, and their greed has no limit. They are accustomed to blaspheming ghosts and gods, neglecting criminal laws, violating covenants, despising etiquette, and slandering their ancestors. The Jin State was immoral, so it sponsored them and indulged them without limit. Now I am in turmoil and wandering, fleeing to Jingman, but I have no home yet. If one or two of our brothers and nephews obey the laws of heaven, do not help cunning people, obey the orders of the late king, and do not incur the punishment of heaven, it will be my wish to eliminate my worries and plan for me. I dare to fully disclose my confidant and the order of the late king, and hope that the princes will seriously consider it.

    “昔先王之命曰:‘王后无适,则择立长。年钧以德,德钧以卜。’王不立爱,公卿无私,古之制也。穆后及大子寿早夭即世,单、刘赞私立少,以间先王,亦唯伯仲叔季图之!”
"The order of the former king said: 'If the queen is not suitable, then choose a long-term one. The age is based on virtue, and the virtue is divination.' The king does not establish love, and the ministers are selfless. This is the ancient system. Empress Mu and the eldest son Shou died young, and Shan and Liu Zan had little private affairs. As the previous king, only Bo Zhong and Uncle Ji took care of it!"

    “从前先王的命令说:‘王后没有嫡子,就选立年长的,年纪相当根据德行,德行相当根据占卜。’天子不立偏爱,公卿没有私心,这是古代的制度。穆后和太子寿早年去世,单氏、刘氏偏立了年幼的,来违犯先王的命令。请所有长于我或小于我的诸侯考虑一下。”
"In the past, the order of the late king said: 'If the queen has no legitimate son, she should choose an older one. The age should be based on virtue, and the virtue should be based on divination.' The emperor does not establish favoritism, and the ministers have no selfish motives. This is an ancient system. Empress Mu and Prince Shou died early, and the Shan and Liu families favored the younger ones to violate the order of the late king. All princes who are older than me or younger than me, please consider this."

    闵马父闻子朝之辞,曰:“文辞以行礼也。子朝干景之命,远晋之大,以专其志,无礼甚矣,文辞何为?”
When Min Ma's father heard about Zichao's speech, he said: "Wenci is for etiquette. Zichao Qianjing's order was far away from the Jin Dynasty. To focus on his ambitions is extremely disrespectful. What's the use of wenci?"

    闵马父听到王子朝的辞令,说:“文辞是用来实行礼的。子朝违背了周景王的命令,疏远晋国这个大国,一心一意想做天子,太不讲礼了,文辞有什么用处?”
When Min Ma's father heard Zichao's rhetoric, he said: "Literature is used to implement etiquette. Zichao violated King Zhou Jing's order and alienated the big country of Jin. He wanted to be the emperor with all his heart. He was so disrespectful of etiquette. What's the use of rhetoric?"

    齐有彗星,齐侯使禳之。晏子曰:“无益也,只取诬焉。天道不谄,不贰其命,若之何禳之?且天之有彗也,以除秽也。君无秽德,又何禳焉?若德之秽,禳之何损?《诗》曰:‘惟此文王,小心翼翼,昭事上帝,聿怀多福。厥德不回,以受方国。’君无违德,方国将至,何患于彗?《诗》曰:‘我无所监,夏后及商。用乱之故,民卒流亡。’若德回乱,民将流亡,祝史之为,无能补也。”公说,乃止。
There is a comet in Qi, and the Marquis of Qi sends it to you. Yanzi said: "It is useless, only to make false accusations. The way of heaven does not flatter, nor does it follow its destiny, so how can it be punished? Moreover, there are comets in the sky to get rid of filth. If you have no filthy virtues, how can you embarrass yourself? If your virtue is filthy, what harm will you do? "Poetry" said: "But this King Wen is cautious and shows his service to God. Huaiduo. If you don't return to the country, you will be in trouble. "The poem says: "I have no supervision, and the people will be in exile because of the chaos.

    齐国出现彗星,齐景公派人祭祀消灾。晏子说:“没有益处的,只能招来欺骗。天道不可怀疑,不能使它有所差错,怎么能去祭祷?而且上天的有彗星,是用来清除污秽的。君王没有污秽的德行,又祭祷什么?如果德行污秽,祭祷又能减轻什么?《诗》说:‘这个文王,小心恭敬。隆重地事奉天帝,求取各种福禄,他的德行不违背天命,接受着四方之国。’君王没有违德的事,四方的国家将会来到,为什么怕有彗星?《诗》说:“我没有什么借鉴,要有就是夏后和商,由于政事混乱,百姓终于流亡。’如果德行违背天命而混乱,百姓将要流亡,祝史的所作所为,于事无补。”齐景公很高兴,就停止了祭祷。
A comet appeared in Qi State, and Duke Jinggong of Qi sent people to offer sacrifices to ward off the disaster. Yanzi said: "What is not beneficial can only lead to deception. The way of heaven cannot be doubted and cannot make mistakes, so how can we pray? Moreover, there are comets in the sky, which are used to clear away filth. If a king has no filthy virtues, what can he pray for? If his virtues are filthy, what can prayers do to alleviate it? "Poetry" said: "This King Wen, Be careful and respectful. Serve the Emperor solemnly and seek all kinds of blessings. His virtue does not violate the destiny and accepts the kingdoms of the four directions. "The king has done nothing wrong, and the kingdoms of the four directions will come. Why should I be afraid of comets? "The poem" said: "I have nothing to learn from. If there is, it is the Queen of Xia and Shang. Due to political chaos, the people finally went into exile. ’ If virtue goes against the will of heaven and becomes chaotic, the people will go into exile, and Zhu Shi’s actions will not help. "Qi Jinggong was very happy and stopped praying.

    齐侯与晏子坐于路寝,公叹曰:“美哉室!其谁有此乎?”晏子曰:“敢问何谓也?”公曰:“吾以为在德。”对曰:“如君之言,其陈氏乎!陈氏虽无大德,而有施于民。豆区釜钟之数,其取之公也簿,其施之民也厚。公厚敛焉,陈氏厚施焉,民归之矣。《诗》曰:‘虽无德与女,式歌且舞。’陈氏之施,民歌舞之矣。后世若少惰,陈氏而不亡,则国其国也已。”公曰:“善哉!是可若何?”对曰:“唯礼可以已之。在礼,家施不及国,民不迁,农不移,工贾不变,士不滥,官不滔,大夫不收公利。”公曰:“善哉!我不能矣。吾今而后知礼之可以为国也。”对曰:“礼之可以为国也久矣。与天地并。君令臣共,父慈子孝,兄爱弟敬,夫和妻柔,姑慈妇听,礼也。君令而不违,臣共而不贰,父慈而教,子孝而箴;兄爱而友,弟敬而顺;夫和而义,妻柔而正;姑慈而従,妇听而婉:礼之善物也。”公曰:“善哉!寡人今而后闻此礼之上也。”对曰:“先王所禀于天地,以为其民也,是以先王上之。”
The Marquis of Qi and Yanzi were sitting in the road bedchamber. The Duke sighed and said, "What a beautiful room!" Who else has this? Yanzi said: "May I ask what it means?" "The public said: "I think it is virtue. He said to him, "As you said, it's Chen's name!" Although Chen did not have great virtues, he was helpful to the people. The number of cauldron bells in Dou District is recorded by the public, and the people who give it are generous. The public is generous and generous, the Chen family is generous and generous, and the people return. "Poetry" says: "Although he has no virtue and is a woman, he still sings and dances." ’ Chen’s charity was accompanied by folk songs and dances. If future generations are less lazy and the Chen family is not destroyed, then the country will be ruined. The Duke said: "How good!" So what? He said to him, "Only courtesy can do that." In terms of rites, the family does not provide as much as the country does, the people do not move, the farmers do not move, the workers and merchants do not change, the scholars do not become excessive, the officials do not overdo it, and the officials do not accept public benefits. The Duke said: "How good!" I can't. I now know that ritual can serve a country. He said to him, "Rites can serve a country for a long time." Merge with heaven and earth. The king and his ministers work together, the father is kind and the son is filial, the brother loves and respects the brother, the husband and wife are gentle, the aunt is kind and the wife listens, this is etiquette. The king's orders are not violated, the ministers work together without being disobedient, the father is kind and teaches, the son is filial and admonishes; the brother loves and is a friend, the brother respects and obeys; the husband is harmonious and righteous, the wife is gentle but upright; the aunt is kind but promiscuous, and the woman listens and is gentle: these are the good things of etiquette. The Duke said: "How good!" I have heard of this gift from now on. He said to him: "What the former kings sent to heaven and earth is for its people, so it is for the former kings to give it to them." "

    齐景公和晏子在路寝里坐着,齐景公叹气说:“多么漂亮的房子啊!是谁会据有这里呢?”晏子说:“请问,这是什么意思?”齐景公说:“我认为在于有德行的人。”晏子说:“像君王所说,恐怕在于陈氏吧!陈氏虽然没有大的德行,然而对百姓有施舍。豆、区、釜、钟这几种量器的容积,从公田征税时就用小的,向百姓施舍时就用大的。您征税多,陈氏施舍多,百姓倾向于他了。《诗》说:‘虽然没有德行给予你,也应当且歌且舞。’陈氏的施舍,百姓已经为之歌舞了。您的后代如果稍稍怠惰,陈氏又如果不灭亡,他的封地就变成国家了。”齐景公说:“对啊!这可怎么办?”晏子回答说:“只有礼可以制止这个,如果符合礼,家族的施舍不能扩大到国内,百姓不迁移,农夫不变动,工人、商人不改行,士不失职,官吏不怠慢,大夫不占取公家的利益。”齐景公说:“对呀!我不能做到了。我从今以后开始知道礼能够用来治理国家了。”晏子回答说:“礼可以治理国家,由来很久了,和天地相等。国君发令,臣下恭敬,父亲慈爱,儿子孝顺,哥哥仁爱,弟弟恭敬,丈夫和蔼,妻子温柔,婆婆慈爱,媳妇顺从,这是合于礼的。国君发令而不违背礼,臣下恭敬而没有二心,父亲慈爱而教育儿子,儿子孝顺而规劝父亲,哥哥仁爱而友善,弟弟恭敬而顺服,丈夫和蔼而知义,妻子温柔而正直,婆婆慈爱而肯听从规劝,媳妇顺从而能委婉陈辞,这又是礼中的好事情。”齐景公说:“对呀!我从今以后开始听到了礼应当加以崇尚了。”晏子回答说:“先王从天地那里接受了礼以治理百姓,所以先王尊崇礼。”

Qi Jinggong and Yan Zi were sitting in the road bed. Qi Jinggong sighed and said, "What a beautiful house! Who will occupy this place?" Yan Zi said, "Excuse me, what does this mean?" Qi Jinggong said, "I think it depends on virtuous people." Yan Zi said: "As the king said, I'm afraid it's the Chen family! Although the Chen family does not have great virtues, she does alms to the people. The capacities of the beans, quarters, cauldrons, and bells are small when taxing from public fields, and large when giving alms to the people. You tax more, The Chen family gave a lot of charity, and the people were attracted to him. "The Poetry" said: "Even if you have no virtue, you should still sing and dance for it." If your descendants are a little lazy, and if the Chen family does not perish, his title The land becomes a country." Qi Jinggong said: "Yes! What can we do?" Yanzi replied: "Only etiquette can stop this. If it is in line with etiquette, the family's charity cannot be extended to the country, the people will not move, the farmers will not change, and the workers and businessmen will not change. Change careers, officials will not neglect their duties, and officials will not take advantage of the public." Qi Jinggong said, "That's right! I can't do it anymore. From now on, I know that etiquette can be used to govern a country." It has a long history, and it is the same as heaven and earth. When the king issues orders, his ministers are respectful, the father is kind, the son is filial, the elder brother is kind, the younger brother is respectful, the husband is kind, the wife is gentle, the mother-in-law is kind, and the daughter-in-law is obedient. This is in line with etiquette when the king issues orders. The ministers are respectful but not double-minded, the father is loving and educates his son, the son is filial and admonishes his father, the elder brother is kind and friendly, the younger brother is respectful and obedient, the husband is kind and aware of righteousness, the wife is gentle and upright, the mother-in-law is loving and willing to listen to advice, the daughter-in-law is obedient. Being able to speak tactfully is a good thing in etiquette." Qi Jinggong said, "That's right! From now on, I heard that etiquette should be respected." Yanzi replied, "The former king accepted etiquette from heaven and earth to govern the people, so the former king respected etiquette."

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