【经】
三十有二年春王正月，公在乾侯。取阚。夏，吴伐越。秋七月。冬，仲孙何忌会晋韩不信、齐高张、宋仲几、卫世叔申、郑国参、曹人、莒人、薛人、杞人、小邾人城成周。十有二月己未，公薨于乾侯。
In the first month of the spring of the 30th year of the Second Year, the Duke was in Qianhou. Take Kan. In the summer, Wu defeated Yue. Autumn July. In the winter, Zhongsun He Ji met Jin and Han Buxin, Qi Gaozhang, Song Zhongji, Wei Shishushen, Zheng Guoshen, Cao people, Ju people, Xue people, Qi people, and Xiaozhu people to form a city. At the end of the second month of the tenth month, the Duke passed away in the Marquis of Qian.
【传】
【Biography】
三十二年春，王正月，公在乾侯。言不能外内，又不能用其人也。
In the spring of the thirty-second year, during the first month of the lunar month, the Duke was in Qianhou. The words cannot be used externally or internally, nor can they be used by others.
三十二年春季，周王朝历法的正月，鲁昭公在乾侯，这是说他既不能去国外，也不能去国内，又不能使用他手下的人才。
In the spring of the thirty-second year, the first month of the Zhou Dynasty calendar, Lu Zhaogong was in Qianhou. This meant that he could neither go abroad nor go home, and he could not use his talents.
夏，吴伐越，始用师于越也。史墨曰：“不及四十年，越其有吴乎！越得岁而吴伐之，必受其凶。”
In the Xia Dynasty, Wu conquered Yue and began to employ his troops in Yue. Shi Mo said: "In less than forty years, the more Wu will be there! The older the country is, the more Wu attacks it, the more severe it will be."
夏季，吴国进攻越国，这是开始对越国用兵。史墨说：“不到四十年，越国大概要占有吴国吧！越国得到岁星的照临而吴国进攻它，必然受到岁星降下的灾祸。”
In the summer, the state of Wu attacked the state of Yue, which was the beginning of its use of troops against the state of Yue. Shi Mo said: "In less than forty years, the State of Yue will probably occupy the State of Wu! If the State of Yue receives the blessing of the Sui Star and the State of Wu attacks it, it will inevitably suffer disaster from the Sui Star."
秋八月，王使富辛与石张如晋，请城成周。天子曰：“天降祸于周，俾我兄弟并有乱心，以为伯父忧。我一二亲昵甥舅，不遑启处，于今十年，勤戍五年。余一人无日忘之，闵闵焉如农夫之望岁，惧以待时。伯父若肆大惠，复二文之业，驰周室之忧，徼文、武之福，以固盟主，宣昭令名，则余一人有大愿矣。昔成王合诸侯，城成周，以为东都，崇文德焉。今我欲徼福假灵于成王，修成周之城，俾戍人无勤，诸侯用宁，蝥贼远屏，晋之力也。其委诸伯父，使伯父实重图之。俾我一人无征怨于百姓，而伯父有荣施，先王庸之。”
In the eighth month of autumn, the king sent Fu Xin and Shi Zhang to the Jin Dynasty to invite the city to form a Zhou Dynasty. The emperor said: "Heaven brought disaster to Zhou, so that my brother was worried about his uncle. I have been very close to my nephew and uncle, and have been guarding for five years in the past ten years. The remaining two people have not forgotten it day by day, and Min Minyan is like a farmer who looks forward to the new year and is afraid of waiting for the time. If my uncle does great favors, he can restore the business of Erwen and worry about the Zhou family, and the blessings of Wen and Wu can consolidate the leader of the alliance and announce the name of the order. Then the remaining one has a great wish. In the past, King Cheng united the princes and built the city into the Zhou Dynasty, which was regarded as the eastern capital. Now I want to build the city of Zhou with the help of King Cheng, so that the princes can be peaceful and the thieves are far away.
秋季，八月，周敬王派富辛和石张到晋国去，请求增筑成周的城墙。天子说：“上天给周朝降下灾祸，使我的兄弟都发生乱心，以此成为伯父的忧虑。我几个亲近的甥舅之国也不得休息，到现在已经十年。诸侯派兵来戍守也已经五年。我本人没有一天忘记这个，忧心忡忡地好像农夫的盼望丰收一样，提心吊胆等待收割时候到来。伯父如果施放大恩，重建文侯、文公的功业，缓解周室的忧患，向文王、武王求取福佑，以巩固盟主的地位，宣扬美名，这就是我本人很大的愿望了。从前成王会合诸侯在成周筑城，以作为东都，尊崇文治。现在我想要向成王求取福佑，增修成周的城墙，使戍守的兵士不再辛劳，诸侯得以安宁，把坏人放逐到远方，这都是晋国的力量。谨将这件事委托给伯父，让伯父重新考虑，以使我本人不致于在百姓中召致怨恨，而伯父有了光荣的功绩，先王会酬谢伯父的。”
In autumn, in August, King Jing of Zhou sent Fu Xin and Shi Zhang to Jin to ask for more city walls to be built into the Zhou Dynasty. The emperor said: "God brought disaster to the Zhou Dynasty, which caused all my brothers to become upset and became my uncle's worry. The kingdoms of several of my close nephews and uncles have not been able to rest, and it has been ten years now. It has been five years since the princes sent troops to guard it. I myself have not had a day. Forgetting this, he was as anxious as a farmer hoping for a good harvest, waiting anxiously for the harvest time to come. If my uncle showed great kindness, he could rebuild the achievements of Marquis Wen and Duke Wen, alleviate the worries of the Zhou Dynasty, and seek blessings from King Wen and King Wu to consolidate the alliance leader. Status and reputation are my great wishes. In the past, King Cheng gathered the princes to build a city in Chengzhou to serve as the eastern capital and respect civil rule. Now I want to seek blessings from King Cheng and build more walls in Chengzhou so that the soldiers guarding it will no longer have to work hard. It is the power of the Jin State to achieve peace and banish the bad guys to distant places. I would like to entrust this matter to my uncle and ask him to reconsider it so that I will not arouse resentment among the people. The late king will reward my uncle for his glorious achievements."
范献子谓魏献子曰：“与其戍周，不如城之。天子实云，虽有后事，晋勿与知可也。従王命以纾诸侯，晋国无忧。是之不务，而又焉従事？”魏献子曰：“善！”使伯音对曰：“天子有命，敢不奉承，以奔告于诸侯。迟速衰序，于是焉在。”
Fan Xianzi said to Wei Xianzi: "It is better to defend the city than to defend the Zhou Dynasty. The emperor actually said that although there are future affairs, Jin should not know about it. King Xian ordered to relieve the princes, and the Jin country has no worries. It is not a duty, and how can it be done?"
范献子对魏献子说：“与其在成周戍守，不如增筑那里的城墙。天子已经说了话，即使以后有事，晋国可以不参加。服从天子的命令，使诸侯缓一口气，晋国就没有忧患了。不致力去做这件事，又去从事什么？”魏献子说：“好。”派伯音回答说：“天子有命令，岂敢不承奉而奔走报告诸侯，工作的进度和工程量的分配，听周天子的命令。”
Fan Xianzi said to Wei Xianzi: "Instead of garrisoning Chengzhou, it is better to build more walls there. The emperor has already said that even if something happens in the future, the Jin Kingdom does not need to participate. Obey the emperor's orders and let the princes breathe a sigh of relief, and the Jin Kingdom will have no worries. "If you don't work hard to do this, what are you going to do?" Wei Xianzi said, "Okay." Pai Boyin replied, "How dare you not obey the emperor's orders and report to the princes the progress of the work and the distribution of the work volume?"
冬十一月，晋魏舒、韩不信如京师，合诸侯之大夫于狄泉，寻盟，且令城成周。魏子南面。卫彪徯曰：“魏子必有大咎。干位以令大事，非其任也。《诗》曰：‘敬天之怒，不敢戏豫。敬天之渝，不敢驰驱。’况敢干位以作大事乎？”
In the eleventh month of winter, Shu and Han Buxin of the Jin Dynasty gathered with the officials of the princes at Diquan to seek alliances and make the city into a Zhou Dynasty. South of Wei Zi. Wei Biaojiu said: "Wei Zi must have a big fault. It is not his responsibility to take the position to do great things. "Poetry" says: 'To respect the anger of heaven, one dare not play Yu; to respect the Chongqing of heaven, one does not dare to gallop.' Do you dare to take the position to do great things?"
冬季，十一月，晋国的魏舒、韩不信到京师，在狄泉会合诸侯的大夫，重温过去的盟约，而且命令增筑成周的城墙。魏舒面朝南，卫国的彪傒说：“魏子一定要有大灾难。逾越本分而颁布重大的命令，这不是他能承担得了的。《诗》说，‘恭敬地对待上天的怒气，不敢轻慢。恭敬地对待上天的变异，不敢任意放纵’，何况敢逾越本分而去做大事呢？”
In winter, in November, Wei Shu and Han Buxin of the Jin Kingdom went to the capital and met with the officials of the princes at Diquan to review the past alliances and order the city walls to be built for the entire Zhou Dynasty. Wei Shu faced south, and Biao Xi of Wei said: "Wei Zi is bound to have a great disaster. He can't bear to go beyond his duty and issue important orders. "Poetry" says, 'Respectfully treat the anger of God, and dare not be scornful. Treat God's changes with respect, and dare not indulge at will.' How much more dare to go beyond the duty and do great things?"
己丑，士弥牟营成周，计丈数，揣高卑，度厚薄，仞沟恤，物土方，议远迩，量事期，计徒庸，虑材用，书餱粮，以令役于诸侯，属役赋丈，书以授帅，而效诸刘子。韩简子临之，以为成命。
Ji Chou, Shi Mi Mou camped for a week, counted the number of feet, guessed the high and low, measured the thick and thin, measured the thick and thin, measured the distance and distance, measured the time of the event, calculated the mediocrity, considered the use of materials, wrote grains, sent orders to serve the princes, paid tens of millions to the servants, wrote to appoint commanders, and followed the example of Liu Zi. Han Jianzi came to see it and thought it was his destiny.
十四日，士弥牟为成周城墙的工程设计方案，计算长度，估计高低，度量厚薄，计算沟渠的深度，考察用土的数量，商计运输的远近，预算完工的日期，计算人工，考虑器材，记载所需要的粮食，以命令诸侯服役。按照情况分配劳役和工程地段，记下来交给诸侯大夫，而归总交到刘子那里。韩简子监工，以此作为既定方案。
On the 14th, Shimimo designed the project for the city wall of Zhou, calculated the length, estimated the height, measured the thickness, calculated the depth of the ditch, examined the amount of soil, calculated the distance of transportation, estimated the date of completion, calculated the labor, considered the equipment, recorded the required grain, and ordered the princes to serve. Allocate labor and project areas according to the situation, write them down and hand them over to the princes and officials, and then hand them over to Liu Zi. Han Jianzi supervised the work and took this as the established plan.
十二月，公疾，遍赐大夫，大夫不受。赐子家子双琥，一环，一璧，轻服，受之。大夫皆受其赐。己未，公薨。子家子反赐于府人，曰：“吾不敢逆君命也。”大夫皆反其赐。书曰：“公薨于乾侯。”言失其所也。
In the twelfth month, public illness was reported to the doctor, but the doctor did not accept it. Give the son of your family two pieces of amber, one ring and one jade, take them lightly and accept them. All the officials received his gift. Ji Wei, the public passed away. Zijiazi gave it to the people in the government, saying, "I dare not go against the emperor's order." The officials all turned against the gift. The book says: "The Duke passed away at the Marquis of Qian." The words are out of place.
十二月，鲁昭公生病了，把东西普遍赏赐给大夫们，大夫们不接受。赏赐给子家子一对玉虎、一只玉环、一块玉璧、又轻又好的衣服，子家子接受了。大夫们也都接受了赏赐。十四日，昭公死了，子家子把赏赐给他的东西还给管理府库的人，说：“我之所以接受是不敢违背国君的命令。”大夫们也都归还了赏赐的东西。《春秋》记载说“公薨于乾侯”，这是说他死的不是地方。
In the twelfth month, Lu Zhaogong fell ill and gave gifts to the officials, but the officials did not accept them. As a reward, Zijiazi was given a pair of jade tigers, a jade ring, a piece of jade, and light and fine clothes. Zijiazi accepted it. The officials also accepted the rewards. On the fourteenth day, Duke Zhao died. Zijiazi returned the rewards given to him to the people in charge of the treasury, saying, "The reason why I accepted them was because I did not dare to disobey the king's order." The officials also returned the rewards. "Spring and Autumn" records that "the Duke died in Qianhou", which means that he died in an inappropriate place.
赵简子问于史墨曰：“季氏出其君，而民服焉，诸侯与之，君死于外，而莫之或罪也。”对曰：“物生有两，有三，有五，有陪贰。故天有三辰，地有五行，体有左右，各有妃耦。王有公，诸侯有卿，皆有贰也。天生季氏，以贰鲁侯，为日久矣。民之服焉，不亦宜乎？鲁君世従其失，季氏世修其勤，民忘君矣。虽死于外，其谁矜之？社稷无常奉，君臣无常位，自古以然。故《诗》曰：‘高岸为谷，深谷为陵。’三后之姓，于今为庶，王所知也。在《易》卦，雷乘《乾》曰《大壮》，天之道也。昔成季友，桓之季也，文姜之爱子也，始震而卜。卜人谒之，曰：‘生有嘉闻，其名曰友，为公室辅。’及生，如卜人之言，有文在其手曰‘友’，遂以名之。既而有大功于鲁，受费以为上卿。至于文子、武子，世增其业，不废旧绩。鲁文公薨，而东门遂杀适立庶，鲁君于是乎失国，政在季氏，于此君也，四公矣。民不知君，何以得国？是以为君，慎器与名，不可以假人。”
Zhao Jianzi asked Yu Shimo and said: "The Ji family gave birth to its king, and the people obeyed him, and the princes followed him. If the king died outside, he would not be guilty." He said: "Things are born with two, three, and five, and there are two to accompany them. Therefore, the sky has three stars, the earth has five elements, the body has left and right, and each has its concubine. The king has a male, and the princes have ministers, and they all have two. Ji is born. Isn't it appropriate for the people to be loyal to Lu for a long time? The Lord of Lu has been diligent in his work for many years, and the people have forgotten him. Even if he died outside, who would care about him? This has been the case since ancient times. "The high bank is the valley, and the deep valley is the mausoleum." The king knows it. In the hexagram "Qian" of "Yi", it says "Dazhuang", which is the way of heaven. In the past, Ji You, Huan's beloved son, was shocked. The fortune teller said: "There is a good news about him, and his name is You." Since he has made great contributions to Lu, he has been honored as a minister. As for Wenzi and Wuzi, they have increased their achievements and did not waste their old achievements. Then Dongmen killed Shili Shu, and the king of Lu lost his country. The people did not know the king, so how could he win the country?
赵简子问史墨说：“季氏赶走他的国君而百姓顺服他，诸侯亲附他，国君死在外边而没有人去惩罚他，这是为什么？”史墨回答说：“事物的存在有的成双、有的成三、有的成五、有的有辅佐。所以天有三辰，地有五行，身体有左右，各有配偶，王有公，诸侯有卿，都是有辅助的。上天生了季氏，让他辅佐鲁侯，时间已经很久了。百姓顺服他，不也是很合适吗？鲁国的国君世世代代放纵安逸，季氏世世代代勤勤恳恳，百姓已经忘记他们的国君了。即使死在国外，有谁去怜惜他？社稷没有固定的祭祀人，君臣没有固定不变的地位，自古以来就是这样。所以《诗》说：‘高高的堤岸变成深谷，深深的谷地变成山陵。’三王的子孙在今天成了平民，这是主人所知道的。在《易》的卦像上，代表雷的《震》卦在《乾》卦之上，叫做《大壮》，这是上天的常道。以前的成季友，是桓公的小儿子，文姜所宠爱的儿子。刚刚怀孕就占卜，卜人报告说：‘生下来就有好名声，他的名字叫友，成为公室的辅佐。’等到生出来，和卜人所说的一样，在左手掌上有个‘友’字，就以此命名。后来在鲁国立下大功，受封在费地而做了上卿。一直到文子、武子，世世代代增加家业，不废弃过去的功业。鲁文公去世，东门遂杀死嫡子，立了庶子，鲁国国君在这时就失掉了国政，政权落到了季氏手中，到这一位国君已经是第四代了。百姓不知道有国君，凭什么得到国政？因此做国君的要谨慎地对待器物和名位，不可能随便拿来借给别人。”
Zhao Jianzi asked Shi Mo: "The Ji family drove away his king, but the people obeyed him, the princes attached themselves to him, and the king died outside without anyone punishing him. Why?" Shi Mo replied: "Some things exist in pairs, and some exist in threes. , some become five, and some have assistants. Therefore, the sky has three stars, the earth has five elements, the body has left and right, each has a spouse, the king has his duke, and the princes have ministers, all have assistants. God gave birth to the Ji family and asked him to assist Luhou for a long time. Isn't it appropriate for the people to obey him? The kings of Lu have been indulging in ease for generations, and the Ji family has been diligent and diligent for generations. Even if the people die abroad, who will pity him? Sacrifice to people, monarchs and ministers have no fixed status. This has been the case since ancient times. Therefore, the "Poem" says: "The high embankments turned into deep valleys, and the deep valleys turned into mountains." The descendants of the three kings have become common people today. This is what the master knows. In the hexagram of "Yi", the "Zhen" hexagram representing Lei is above the "Qian" hexagram, which is called "Da Zhuang". This is the Chang Dao of Heaven. The former Cheng Jiyou was the youngest son of Duke Huan and the son whom Wen Jiang favored. The fortune teller reported: "He was born with a good reputation, and his name was You, and he became the assistant of the public servant." When he was born, as the fortune teller said, there was a word "You" on his left palm, and he was named after him in the state of Lu. After his great service, he was granted the title of Shangqing in Fei District. Until Wenzi and Wuzi, their family fortunes were increased from generation to generation without abandoning their past achievements. When Duke Wen of Lu died, Dongmen killed his legitimate son and established a bastard. At this time, the king of Lu lost his country. The government has fallen into the hands of the Ji family, and this monarch is already in the fourth generation. Why should the people get the government if they don’t know there is a monarch? Therefore, the monarch should be careful about the utensils and titles, and cannot lend them to others casually. "
