【经】
四年春王二月癸巳,陈侯吴卒。三月,公会刘子、晋侯、宋公、蔡侯、卫侯、陈子、郑伯、许男、曹伯、莒子、邾子、顿子、胡子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子、齐国夏于召陵,侵楚。夏四月庚辰,蔡公孙姓帅师灭沈,以沈子嘉归,杀之。五月,公及诸侯盟于皋鼬。杞伯成卒于会。六月,葬陈惠公。许迁于容城。秋七月,至自会。刘卷卒。葬杞悼公。楚人围蔡。晋士鞅、卫孔围帅师伐鲜虞。葬刘文公。冬十有一月庚午,蔡侯以吴子及楚人战于柏举,楚师败绩。楚囊瓦出奔郑。庚辰,吴入郢。
In the spring of the fourth year, in the second month of the month of Guisi, the Marquis of Chen and Wu died. In the third month, Guild Liu Zi, Jin Hou, Song Gong, Cai Hou, Wei Hou, Chen Zi, Zheng Bo, Xu Nan, Cao Bo, Ju Zi, Zhu Zi, Dun Zi, Hu Zi, Teng Zi, Xue Bo, Qi Bo, Xiao Zhuzi and Qi Guo Xia invaded Chu in Zhaoling. In the fourth month of summer, Gengchen, the commander named Cai Gongsun destroyed Shen. He returned with Shen Zijia and killed him. In the fifth month, the Duke and the princes allied themselves with Gao Weitai. Qi Bocheng died in Hui. In June, Chen Huigong was buried. Xu moved to Rongcheng. In autumn and July, it’s time to meet. Liu Juan died. Buried in mourning for Duke Qi. The Chu people surrounded Cai. Jinshi Yang and Wei Kong sent their commanders to attack Xianyu. Buried Liu Wengong. On the tenth day of the first month of winter, at Gengwu, Marquis Cai led Wu Zi and the Chu people to fight at Baiju, and the Chu army was defeated. Chu Nangwa fled to Zheng. Gengchen, Wu entered Ying.
【传】
【Biography】
四年春三月,刘文公合诸侯于召陵,谋伐楚也。晋荀寅求货于蔡侯,弗得。言于范献子曰:“国家方危,诸侯方贰,将以袭敌,不亦难乎!水潦方降,疾疟方起,中山不服,弃盟取怨,无损于楚,而失中山,不如辞蔡侯。吾自方城以来,楚未可以得志,只取勤焉。”乃辞蔡侯。
In the spring and March of the fourth year, Liu Wengong gathered the princes at Zhaoling to plan an attack on Chu. Xun Yin of Jin Dynasty asked for goods from Marquis Cai, but he couldn't get it. Fan Xianzi said to Fan Xianzi: "The country is in danger, and the princes are divided. It is not difficult to attack the enemy! The water is coming down, and the malaria is rising. If Zhongshan refuses to accept it, abandoning the alliance and complaining, it will not harm Chu. If Zhongshan is lost, it is better to resign as the Marquis of Cai. Since I have been in Fangcheng, Chu has not been able to achieve ambition, and I can only be diligent." So I resigned from the Marquis of Cai.
四年春季,三月,刘文公在召陵会合诸侯,这是为了策划进攻楚国。晋国的荀寅向蔡侯求取财货,没有得到,就对范献子说:“国家正在危急之时,诸侯正怀有二心,准备在这种情况下袭击敌人,不也是很困难吗!大雨正在下着,疟疾正在流行,中山不臣服,抛弃盟约而招来怨恨,对楚国没有什么损害,反而失去了中山,不如辞谢蔡侯。我们自从方城那次战役以来,到现在还不见得能在楚国得志,只不过是劳兵伤财。”于是就辞谢了蔡侯。
In the spring of the fourth year, in March, Liu Wengong met with the princes at Zhaoling in order to plan an attack on Chu. Xun Yin of the Jin Dynasty asked Cai Hou for money, but when he didn't get it, he said to Fan Xianzi: "The country is in crisis, and the princes are having second thoughts. Isn't it very difficult to prepare to attack the enemy under such circumstances? It's raining heavily, and malaria is prevalent. Zhongshan is not willing to surrender. If you abandon the alliance and cause resentment, it will not cause any harm to the Chu State. Instead, you will lose Zhongshan. It is better to say goodbye to the Marquis of Cai. Since the battle of Fangcheng, we have not been able to succeed in the Chu Kingdom. It is just a waste of troops and money." So I said goodbye to the Marquis of Cai.
晋人假羽旄于郑,郑人与之。明日,或旆以会。晋于是乎失诸侯。
The people of Jin pretended to be Yuya in Zheng, and the people of Zheng followed them. Tomorrow, maybe we will meet. Jin then lost its princes.
晋国人向郑国借用装饰旌旗的羽毛,郑国人给了他们。第二天,把羽毛装饰在旗杆顶上去参加会,晋国就因此失掉了诸侯的拥护。
The Jin people borrowed feathers from Zheng to decorate their flags, and the Zheng people gave them to them. The next day, he decorated the flagpole with feathers and went to attend the meeting. As a result, Jin lost the support of the princes.
将会,卫子行敬子言于灵公曰:“会同难,啧有烦言,莫之治也。其使祝佗従!”公曰:“善。”乃使子鱼。子鱼辞,曰:“臣展四体,以率旧职,犹惧不给而烦刑书,若又共二,徼大罪也。且夫祝,社稷之常隶也。社稷不动,祝不出竟,官之制也。君以军行,祓社衅鼓,祝奉以従,于是乎出竟。若嘉好之事,君行师従,卿行旅従,臣无事焉。”公曰:“行也。”
Later, Wei Zixing Jingzi said to Duke Ling: "It's difficult to get together, and there are annoying words, so don't rule it out. The envoy wishes Tuo Xi!" The duke said: "Good." It was the envoy Ziyu. Ziyu said: "I spread my four limbs to lead my old position, but I am still afraid that if I don't give it, I will be troubled by the punishment letter. If there are two of them, it will be a serious crime. I wish you the best, and the country is always under the control. The country does not move, and the blessing cannot come out." , The system of officials. The king marches with the army, and the society plays the drums, and then it happens.
将要举行会见,卫国的子行敬子对卫灵公说:“朝会难得达到预期的目的,有分歧又争论不休,就不好办了。是不是让祝佗跟随与会?”卫灵公说:“好。”就派祝佗跟着去。祝佗辞谢,说:“下臣竭力从事工作,以继承先人的职位,尚且恐怕完不成任务而得到罪过,如果又从事第二种职务,就会获得大罪了。况且太祝这职务,是土地神和五谷神经常使唤的小臣。土地神和五谷神不出动,太祝不出国境,这是官制规定的。君王率领军队出征,祭祀神庙杀牲衅鼓,太祝奉社主跟随出国境。如果是朝会一类的好事,国君出去有一师人马跟随,卿出去有一旅人马跟随,下臣是没有事情的。”卫灵公说:“去吧!”
When a meeting was about to be held, Zixing Jingzi of Wei State said to Wei Linggong: "It is rare for a court meeting to achieve its intended purpose. If there are disagreements and endless arguments, it will be difficult to handle. Should Zhu Tuo follow the meeting?" Wei Linggong said: "Okay." He sent Zhu Tuo to follow. Zhu Tuo excused himself and said, "I am working hard to inherit the position of my ancestors. I am afraid that I will not be able to complete the task and will be punished. If I take up the second position, I will be punished. Moreover, Tai Zhu is a minister who is often called upon by the God of Earth and the God of Grain. If the God of Earth and Grain God do not go out, Tai Zhu will be punished." Zhu can't go out of the country. This is the rule of the government. When the king leads an army to sacrifice in the temple, the leader of the society will follow him out of the country. If the king goes out with a group of people and horses, and the minister has a group of people with him when he goes out, there will be nothing wrong with him." Wei Linggong said, "Go!"
及皋鼬,将长蔡于卫。卫侯使祝佗私于苌弘曰:“闻诸道路,不知信否。若闻蔡将先卫,信乎?”苌弘曰:“信。蔡叔,康叔之兄也,先卫,不亦可乎?”子鱼曰:“以先王观之,则尚德也。昔武王克商,成王定之,选建明德,以蕃屏周。故周公相王室,以尹天下,于周为睦。分鲁公以大路,大旂(qí),夏后氏之璜,封父之繁弱,殷民六族,条氏、徐氏、萧氏、索氏、长勺氏、尾勺氏。使帅其宗氏,辑其分族,将其类丑,以法则周公,用即命于周。是使之职事于鲁,以昭周公之明德。分之土田倍敦,祝、宗、卜、史,备物、典策,官司、彝器。因商奄之民,命以《伯禽》,而封于少皞之虚。分康叔以大路、少帛、綪茷、旃旌、大吕,殷民七族,陶氏、施氏、繁氏、锜氏、樊氏、饥氏、终葵氏;封畛土略,自武父以南,及圃田之北竟,取于有阎之土,以共王职。取于相土之东都,以会王之东蒐。聃季授土,陶叔授民,命以《康诰》,而封于殷虚。皆启以商政,疆以周索。分唐叔以大路,密须之鼓,阙巩,沽洗,怀姓九宗,职官五正。命以《唐诰》,而封于夏虚,启以夏政,疆以戎索。三者皆叔也,而有令德,故昭之以分物。不然,文、武、成康、之伯犹多,而不获是分也,唯不尚年也。管蔡启商,惎(jì,毒害)间王室。王于是乎杀管叔而蔡蔡叔,以车七乘,徒七十人。其子蔡仲,改行帅德,周公举之,以为己卿士。见诸王而命之以蔡,其命书云:‘王曰:胡!无若尔考之违王命也。’若之何其使蔡先卫也?武王之母弟八人,周公为大宰,康叔为司寇,聃季为司空,五叔无官,岂尚年哉!曹,文之昭也;晋,武之穆也。曹为伯甸,非尚年也。今将尚之,是反先王也。晋文公为践土之盟,卫成公不在,夷叔,其母弟也,犹先蔡。其载书云:‘王若曰,晋重、鲁申、卫武、蔡甲午、郑捷、齐潘、宋王臣、莒期。’藏在周府,可覆视也。吾子欲复文、武之略,而不正其德,将如之何?”苌弘说,告刘子,与范献子谋之,乃长卫侯于盟。
And Gao Weitai, the general Cai Yuwei. The envoy of the Marquis of Wei, Zhu Tuo, said privately to Chang Hong: "I have heard about the roads, but I don't know whether to believe it or not. If I heard that General Cai will defend first, do you believe it?" Chang Hong said, "Believe me. Uncle Cai, the brother of Uncle Kang, will defend first. Isn't it okay?" Yu said: "Looking at it from the perspective of the previous kings, virtue is respected. In the past, King Wu conquered the Shang Dynasty and became the king. He chose to build Mingde and defend the Zhou Dynasty with Tibetan. Therefore, the Duke of Zhou looked after the royal family and relied on Yin for the world to live in harmony with the Zhou Dynasty. He divided the Duke of Lu and used the main road. Daqi (qí), the emperor of the Xia Dynasty, and the father of Fanwei, the six tribes of the Yin people, the Tiao family, the Xu family, the Xiao family, the Suo family, the Changshao family, and the Weishao family, compiled their clans and classified them into Chou clans. , to rule the Duke of Zhou, and to use it to serve in the Zhou Dynasty, to show the Duke of Zhou's virtue, to divide the land and fields, to prepare things, to prepare things, to make plans, and to deal with Yi utensils. The people, named "Boqin", were granted the title of Shaohao Zhixu. They were divided into seven tribes of the Yin people: Tao, Shi, Fan, Qi, Fan, Xong. Zhongkui's family: Feng Zhen Tu Lue, from the south of Wufu to the north of Putian, took it from the land of Youyan, and took it from the east capital of Xiangtu, so that the king of Hui would grant the land, and Uncle Tao would grant the people. According to the "Kang Gao", they were all granted the title of business affairs, and the territory was named Zhou Suo. They were divided into Tang Shu, Mixu Zhigu, Que Gong and Gu Xi. They were named Jiuzong and appointed as "Tang Gao". In the Xia Dynasty, Xia Zheng was initiated, and Rong Suo was assigned to the territory. The three were all uncles, and they had commanding virtues, so they were divided by Zhao. Otherwise, there were still many uncles in Wen, Wu, Chengkang, and they would not receive such divisions, but they were not old enough. He was in charge of Cai Qishang and poisoned the royal family. The king then killed Guan Shu and Cai Cai Shu, with seven chariots and seventy men. His son Cai Zhong changed his career to a handsome man, and was promoted by the Duke of Zhou as a minister. When he saw the kings, he ordered Cai Cai, and his order book said: "The king said: Hu!" It would be contrary to the king's order to do the examination without Ruo'er. ’ Why did Cai Xianwei become the leader? There are eight mothers and younger brothers of King Wu. Duke Zhou is the chief minister, Uncle Kang is the Sikou, and Dan Ji is the Sikong. The fifth uncle has no official, how can he be still young! Cao is the Zhao of Wen; Jin is the Mu of Wu. Cao was called Bodian, but he was not still young. The general who is advocating this today is going against the previous king. Duke Wen of Jin was an ally of Jiantu, and Duke Cheng of Wei was absent. Uncle Yi, his mother and younger brother, were still the first to lead Cai. The book contains: "Wang Ruo said, Jin Chong, Lu Shen, Wei Wu, Cai Jiawu, Zheng Jie, Qi Pan, Song Wangchen, Ju Qi. ’ Hidden in the Zhou Mansion, you can look over it. What will happen if my son wants to restore his literary and military strategies but does not correct his virtues? "Chang Hong said, sue Liu Zi and plan with Fan Xianzi, who is the leader of the Wei Hou alliance.
到达皋鼬,准备把蔡国安排在卫国前面歃血。卫灵公派祝佗私下对苌弘说:“在道路上听到,不知是否确实,听说把蔡国安排在卫国之前歃血,确实吗?”苌弘说:“确实。蔡叔,是康叔的兄长,把位次排在卫国之前,不也是可以的吗?”祝佗说:“用先王的标准来看,是尊重德行的。从前武王战胜商朝,成王平定天下,选择有明德的人分封,把他们作为保卫周朝的藩篱屏障。所以周公辅佐王室,以治理天下,诸侯也和周朝和睦相处。分赐给鲁公大路、大旂,夏后氏的璜玉,封父的良弓,还有殷朝的六个家族条氏、徐氏、萧氏、索氏、长勺氏、尾勺氏,让他们率领本宗各氏族,集合其余的小宗族,统治六族的奴隶,来服从周公的法制,由此归附周朝听取命令。这是让他为鲁国执行职务,以宣扬周公的明德。分赐给鲁国附庸小国,太祝、宗人、太卜、太史,服用器物、典籍简册、百官彝器,安抚商奄的百姓,用《伯禽》来告诫他们,而封在少皞的故城,分赐给康叔大路、少白、綪茷、旃旌、大吕,还有殷朝的七个家族,陶氏、施氏、繁氏、锜氏、樊氏、饥氏、终葵氏,封疆边界,从武父以南到达圃田北界,从有阎氏那里取得了土地,以执行王室任命的职务。取得了相土的东都,以协助天子在东方巡视。聃季授予土地,陶叔授予百姓,用《康诰》来告诫他,而封在殷朝的故城。鲁公和康叔都沿用商朝的政事,而按照周朝的制度来划定疆土。分赐给唐叔大路、密须的鼓、阙巩的甲、沽洗,还有怀姓的九个宗族,五正的职官,用《唐诰》来告诫他,而封在夏朝的故城。唐叔沿用夏朝的政事,用戎人的制度来划定疆土。这三个人都是天子的兄弟而有美好的德行,所以用分赐东西来为他们宣扬德行。不这样,文王、武王、成王、康王的兄长还很多,而没有得到这些赐予,就因为不是崇尚年龄。管叔、蔡叔引诱商人,策划侵犯王室。天子因此杀了管叔而放逐蔡叔,给了蔡叔七辆车子,七十个奴隶。蔡叔的儿子蔡仲改恶从善,周公提拔他,让他作为自己的卿士。让他拜见天子,天子命令他做了蔡侯。任命书说:‘天子说:胡,不要像你父亲那样违背天子的命令!’怎么能让蔡国在卫国之前歃血呢?武王的同母兄弟八个人,周公做太宰,康叔做司寇,聃季做司空,其余五个叔父没有官职,难道是以年龄为主吗?曹国,是文王的后代。晋国,是武王的后代。曹国以伯爵作为甸服,并不是由于尊崇年龄。现在要尊崇它,这就是违反先王的遗制。晋文公召集践土的盟会,卫成公不在场,夷叔,是他的同母兄弟,尚且列在蔡国之前。盟书说:‘天子说:晋国的重、鲁国的申、卫国的武、蔡国的甲午、郑国的捷、齐国的潘、宋国的王臣、莒国的期。’藏在成周的府库里,这是可以查看的。您想要恢复文王、武王的法度,而不端正自己的德行,您准备怎么办?”苌弘很高兴,告诉了刘子,和范献子商量这件事,在结盟时就让卫侯在蔡侯之前歃血。
Arriving at Gao Weasel, he prepared to arrange Cai Guo in front of Wei Guo to take blood. Duke Ling of Wei sent Zhu Tuo to say to Chang Hong privately: "I heard on the road, I don't know if it is true. I heard that Cai Guo was arranged to bleed before Wei Guo. Is it true?" Chang Hong said: "Indeed. Uncle Cai is the elder brother of Uncle Kang. Isn't it okay to rank before Wei Guo?" Zhu Tuo said: "Judging from the standards of the previous kings, virtue is respected. In the past, King Wu defeated the Shang Dynasty and became King Ping. To determine the world, the virtuous people were selected to enfeoff, and they were used as barriers to protect the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, the Duke of Zhou assisted the royal family to govern the world, and the princes also lived in harmony with the Zhou Dynasty. , gathered the remaining small clans and the slaves of the six clans to obey the laws of Zhou Gong, and thus surrendered to the Zhou Dynasty to listen to the orders. This was to let him perform duties for the Lu State to promote Zhou Gong's virtues. The old city of Shaohao was given to Kangshu Dalu, Shaobai, Fuqi, Zhanjing, and Dalu, as well as to the seven families of the Yin Dynasty, Tao, Shi, Fan, Qi, Fan, Xong, and Zhongkui. From the south of Wufu to the northern boundary of Putian, he obtained land from the Youyan family to perform the duties appointed by the royal family and obtained the Eastern Capital of Prime Minister to assist the emperor in patrolling the east. Dan Ji granted the land, Tao Shu granted it to the people, warned him with "Kang Gao", and sealed it in the old city of the Yin Dynasty. Both Lu Gong and Kang Shu followed the political affairs of the Shang Dynasty and demarcated the territory according to the system of the Zhou Dynasty. They were given to Uncle Tang the road, Mi Xu's drum, Que Gong's Jia and Gu Xi, as well as the nine clans with the surname Huai, and the officials of Wuzheng. They used the "Tang Gao" to warn him and sealed them in the old city of Xia Dynasty. Uncle Tang followed the political affairs of the Xia Dynasty and used the Rong system to demarcate the territory. These three people are all brothers of the emperor and have good virtues, so they distribute things to promote their virtues. Otherwise, King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang had many older brothers, but they did not receive these gifts because they did not respect age. Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai seduced merchants and planned to invade the royal family. The emperor therefore killed Uncle Guan and exiled Uncle Cai. He gave Uncle Cai seven cars and seventy slaves. Uncle Cai's son Cai Zhong changed from evil to good. Duke Zhou promoted him and made him his minister. He was asked to meet the emperor, who ordered him to be the Marquis of Cai. The appointment letter said: ‘The Emperor said: Hu, don’t disobey the Emperor’s orders like your father did! ’ How can Cai Guo be allowed to shed blood before defending his country? There are eight half-brothers of King Wu. Duke Zhou is the Dazai, Uncle Kang is the Sikou, and Dan Ji is the Sikong. The other five uncles have no official positions. Is it because of their age? Cao Guo is a descendant of King Wen. Jin is the descendant of King Wu. The reason why Cao Guo used earl as his royal robe was not because he respected age. To respect it now is to violate the legacy of the previous kings. Duke Wen of Jin convened an alliance meeting in Jiantu, but Duke Wei Cheng was not present. Uncle Yi was his half-brother, and he was listed before Cai Guo. The alliance said: "The Emperor said: Jin's Chong, Lu's Shen, Wei's Wu, Cai's Jiawu, Zheng's Jie, Qi's Pan, Song's Wang Chen, and Ju's Qi. ’ Hidden in Chengzhou’s treasury, this can be inspected. You want to restore the laws of King Wen and King Wu without correcting your own moral conduct. What are you going to do? Chang Hong was very happy, told Liu Zi, discussed the matter with Fan Xianzi, and asked Wei Hou to bleed before Cai Hou when forming an alliance.
反自召陵,郑子大叔未至而卒。晋赵简子为之临,甚哀,曰:“黄父之会,夫子语我九言,曰:‘无始乱,无怙富,无恃宠,无违同,无敖礼,无骄能,无复怒,无谋非德,无犯非义。’”
On the other hand, when he returned to Zhaoling, Uncle Zheng Zi died before he arrived. When Jin and Zhao Jianzi came to see him, he was very sad and said: "At Huang's father's meeting, the Master said to me nine words: 'There is no beginning of chaos, no father's wealth, no reliance on favor, no violation of contract, no courtesy, no arrogance, no return to anger, no plan that is not virtue, no violation of justice.'"
从召陵回国,郑国的子太叔没有回到国内就死了。晋国的赵简子吊丧号哭,很悲哀,说:“黄父那次会见,他老人家对我说了九句话,说:‘不要发动祸乱,不要凭借富有,不要仗恃宠信,不要违背共同的意愿,不要傲视有礼的人,不要自负有才能,不要为同一事情再次发怒,不要谋划不合道德的事,不要触犯不合正义的事。’”
Returning from Zhaoling, Zheng Guo's uncle died before returning to the country. Zhao Jianzi of the Jin State mourned and mourned, and said very sadly: "When Father Huang met, he said nine things to me, saying: 'Don't cause trouble, don't rely on wealth, don't rely on favor, don't go against the common will, don't look down on polite people, don't be conceited about your talents, don't get angry again for the same thing, don't plan immoral things, don't violate unjust things.'"
沈人不会于召陵,晋人使蔡伐之。夏,蔡灭沈。
The people of Shen would not go to Zhaoling, and the people of Jin sent Cai to attack him. Xia, Cai Mie Shen.
沈国人不参加在召陵的会见,晋国人让蔡国人进攻沈国。夏季,蔡国灭亡了沈国。
The people of Shen did not attend the meeting in Zhaoling, so the people of Jin asked the people of Cai to attack Shen. In the summer, the state of Cai destroyed the state of Shen.
秋,楚为沈故,围蔡。伍员为吴行人以谋楚。楚之杀郤宛也,伯氏之族出。伯州犁之孙嚭为吴大宰以谋楚。楚自昭王即位,无岁不有吴师。蔡侯因之,以其子乾与其大夫之子为质于吴。
In autumn, Chu moved to Shen and surrounded Cai. Wu Yuan is a member of Wu Xingren and seeks Chu. When Chu killed Que Wanye, Bo's clan came out. Pei, the grandson of Bozhou Li, was appointed as the chief minister of Wu to plot against Chu. Since King Zhao of Chu came to the throne, there has been no Master Wu for many years. Because of this, Cai Hou took his son Qian and his official's son as pledges to Wu.
秋季,楚国由于沈国被灭亡的缘故,包围了蔡国。伍员作为吴国的外交
In autumn, due to the destruction of Shen State, Chu State surrounded Cai State. Wu Yuan serves as the diplomat of Wu State
官,在策划对付楚国。当楚国杀死郤宛的时候,伯氏的族人逃往国外。伯州犁的孙子伯嚭担任了吴国的宰相,也在策划对付楚国。楚国自从昭王即位以后,没有一年不和吴国交战,蔡昭侯仗着这个,把他的儿了乾和一个大夫的儿子放在吴国作为人质。
The official is planning to deal with the Chu State. When Chu killed Que Wan, Bo's people fled abroad. Bo Zhouli's grandson Bo Pei served as the prime minister of Wu and was also planning to deal with Chu. Since King Zhao came to the throne, Chu State has not been at war with Wu State for a year. Taking advantage of this, Cai Zhaohou put his son Liao Gan and a doctor's son in Wu State as hostages.
冬,蔡侯、吴子、唐侯伐楚。舍舟于淮汭,自豫章与楚夹汉。左司马戌谓子常曰:“子沿汉而与之上下,我悉方城外以毁其舟,还塞大隧、直辕、冥厄,子济汉而伐之,我自后击之,必大败之。”既谋而行。武城黑谓子常曰:“吴用木也,我用革也,不可久也。不如速战。”史皇谓子常:“楚人恶而好司马,若司马毁吴舟于淮,塞城口而入,是独克吴也。子必速战,不然不免。”乃济汉而陈,自小别至于大别。三战,子常知不可,欲奔。史皇曰:“安求其事,难而逃之,将何所入?子必死之,初罪必尽说。”
In winter, Cai Hou, Wu Zi, and Tang Hou attacked Chu. He left his boat at Huairui River and crossed from Yuzhang to Chu and to Han. Zuo Sima Xu said to Zichang: "You will go along the Han and fight with the people above and below. I will go outside the city to destroy their boats, and block the big tunnels, straight shafts, and Ming'e. I will help the Han and attack them. I will attack them from behind and they will be defeated." The plan was carried out. Wucheng Hei said to Zichang: "Wu uses wood, and I use leather. We can't fight for a long time. It's better to fight quickly." Emperor Shi said to Zichang: "Chu people are evil but like Sima. If Sima destroys Wu's boat in Huaihe and blocks the city entrance, he will be able to defeat Wu alone. Zi must fight quickly, otherwise it will be inevitable." Nai Ji Han and Chen, from Xiaobie to Dabie. After three battles, Zi often knew he was not going to do it and wanted to run away. Emperor Shi said: "If you want to do what you want, if you find it difficult to escape, where will you go? Your son will die, and your first crime will be punished."
冬季,蔡昭侯、吴王阖庐、唐成公联合发兵进攻楚国。他们把船停在淮河边上,从豫章进发,和楚军隔着汉水对峙。楚国司马沈尹戌对子常说:“您沿着汉水和他们上下周旋,我带领方城山之外的全部人马来毁掉他们的船只,回来时再堵塞大隧、直辕、冥阨。这时,您渡过汉水而进攻,我从后面夹击,必定把他们打得大败。”商量完了就出发。楚国武城黑对子常说:“吴国人用木头制的战车,我们用皮革蒙的战车,天雨不能持久,不如速战速决。”史皇对子常说:“楚国人讨厌您而喜欢司马。如果沈司马在淮河边上毁掉了吴国的船,堵塞了城口而回来,这是他一个人独享战胜吴军的功劳。您一定要速战速决。不这样,就不能免于祸难。”于是就渡过汉水摆开阵势。从小别山直到大别山。同吴军打了三仗,子常知道不行,想逃走。史皇说:“平平安安,您争着当权;国家有了祸难就逃避,你打算到哪里去?您一定要拼命打这一仗,以前的罪过必然可以全部免除。”
In winter, Cai Zhaohou, Wu Wang Helu, and Tang Chenggong jointly sent troops to attack Chu. They parked their boats on the banks of the Huai River, marched from Yuzhang, and confronted the Chu army across the Han River. Shen Yinxu, Sima of the State of Chu, said to Zi Chang: "You go up and down the Han River with them. I will lead all the troops outside Fangcheng Mountain to destroy their ships. When you come back, I will block the tunnel, straight shaft, and Ming'e. At this time, you cross the Han River and attack. I will attack from behind. I will definitely defeat them." After the discussion, they set off. The black pair in the Wucheng City of Chu State often said: "The people of Wu use wooden chariots, and we use leather chariots. The rain cannot last for a long time, so it is better to fight quickly." The Emperor of Shi often said to his disciples: "The people of Chu hate you and like Sima. If Shen Sima He destroyed Wu's ships on the Huai River and blocked the city entrance. This is his own contribution to defeating the Wu army. If you don't do this, you will not be able to avoid disaster." So he crossed the Han River and set up his position. From Xiaobie Mountain to Dabie Mountain. After three battles with the Wu army, Zichang knew it was impossible and wanted to escape. Emperor Shi said: "In peace and quiet, you strive to be in power; when the country is in trouble, you run away. Where are you going? You must fight this battle with all your strength, and all your previous sins will be forgiven."
十一月庚午,二师陈于柏举。阖庐之弟夫槩王,晨请于阖庐曰:“楚瓦不仁,其臣莫有死志,先伐之,其卒必奔。而后大师继之,必克。”弗许。夫槩王曰:“所谓‘臣义而行,不待命’者,其此之谓也。今日我死,楚可入也。”以其属五千,先击子常之卒。子常之卒奔,楚师乱,吴师大败之。子常奔郑。史皇以其乘广死。吴従楚师,及清发,将击之。夫槩王曰:“困兽犹斗,况人乎?若知不免而致死,必败我。若使先济者知免,后者慕之,蔑有斗心矣。半济而后可击也。”従之。又败之。楚人为食,吴人及之,奔。食而従之,败诸雍澨五战及郢。
On Gengwu in November, the Second Division Chen Yubaiju. King Fu, Helu's younger brother, went to Helu in the morning and said, "Chuwa is unkind. His ministers must not have the will to die. If they attack him first, his soldiers will run away. Then the master will follow and they will defeat him." Fu Xu. King Fucheng said: "The so-called 'Officials act righteously and do not wait for orders' is what it means. Today I die, and Chu Ke can enter." Since he belonged to five thousand, he attacked Zichang's pawn first. Zichang's soldiers fled, Chu's army was in chaos, and Wu's army was defeated. Zi often ran to Zheng. Emperor Shi took advantage of it and died. Wu Chu's division, together with Qingfa, will attack him. King Fucheng said: "The trapped beasts are still fighting, what about humans? If I know that I will inevitably die, I will definitely defeat me. If the first person who helps me knows how to avoid it, the latter will admire him and be disdainful of his fighting spirit. After half of the help, he can attack." Defeated again. The Chu people ate them, and the Wu people caught up with them and ran away. He ate and wandered around, and defeated all Yongxi and Ying in five battles.
十一月十八日,吴、楚两军在柏举摆开阵势。吴王阖庐的弟弟夫槩王早晨请示阖庐说:“楚国的令尹囊瓦不仁,他的部下没有死战的决心。我们抢先进攻,他们的士兵必定奔逃,然后大部队跟上去,必然得胜。”阖庐不答应。夫概王说:“所谓‘臣下合于道义就去做,不必等待命令’,说的就是这个吧!今天我拼命作战,就可以攻进郢都了。”于是,夫槩王带着他的部下五千人,抢先攻打子常的队伍,子常的士兵奔逃,楚军乱了阵脚,吴军大败楚军。子常逃亡到郑国。史皇带着子常的兵车战死。吴军追赶楚军,到达清发,准备发动攻击。夫槩王说:“被围困的野兽还要争斗一番,何况人呢?如果明知不免一死而同我们拼命决战,必定会打败我们。如果让先渡过河的楚军知道一过河就可以逃脱,后边的人羡慕先渡河的,楚军就没有斗志了。渡过一半才可以攻击。”照这样做,又一次打败楚军。楚军做饭,吴军又赶到了,楚军奔逃。吴军吃完楚军做的饭,又继续追击,在雍澨打败了楚军。经过五次战斗,吴军到达楚国的郢都。
On November 18, the Wu and Chu armies set up their battle formations in Baiju. King Fujin, the younger brother of King Helu of Wu, asked Helu for instructions in the morning and said: "The commander of Chu State, Nangwa, is unkind and his men are not determined to fight to the death. If we attack first, their soldiers will definitely flee, and then the larger army will follow, and we will definitely win." Helu refused. King Fugai said: "The so-called 'subordinates do what is morally right and do not need to wait for orders', this is what it means! If I fight hard today, I can attack the capital of Ying." So King Fugai led his 5,000 men to attack Zichang's army first. Zichang's soldiers fled, the Chu army was confused, and the Wu army defeated the Chu army. Zi Chang fled to Zheng. Emperor Shi died in battle with Zichang's chariot. The Wu army pursued the Chu army and arrived at Qingfa, preparing to launch an attack. King Fuchi said: "The besieged beasts have to fight, let alone the people. If they fight with us knowing that they will inevitably die, they will definitely defeat us. If the Chu army who crosses the river first knows that they can escape as soon as they cross the river, and the people behind envy those who cross the river first, the Chu army will have no fighting spirit. They can attack only after they have crossed halfway." Do this and defeat the Chu army again. The Chu army was cooking, but the Wu army arrived again, and the Chu army fled. After the Wu army finished the food prepared by the Chu army, they continued to pursue the enemy and defeated the Chu army at Yongxi. After five battles, the Wu army arrived at the capital of Chu State.
己卯,楚子取其妹季羋畀我以出,涉睢。鍼尹固与王同舟,王使执燧象以奔吴师。
At Jimao, Chuzi and his sister Ji Mi were sent out by me to go to Sui. Zhen Yingu was in the same boat as the king, and the king's envoy carried a flint elephant to rush to the Wu army.
十一月二十八日,楚王带了他妹妹季羋畀我逃出郢都,徒步渡过睢水。鍼尹固和楚王同船,楚昭王让鍼尹固迫使尾巴上点火的大象冲入吴军中。
On November 28, the King of Chu took his sister Ji Mi and asked me to escape from Yingdu and cross the Suishui River on foot. Zhen Yingu was in the same boat with the King of Chu. King Chu Zhao asked Zhen Yingu to force the elephant with its tail on fire to rush into the Wu army.
庚辰,吴入郢,以班处宫。子山处令尹之宫,夫槩王欲攻之,惧而去之,夫槩王入之。
In Gengchen, Wu entered Ying and moved to the palace with his class. The palace of Ling Yin was in Zishan. King Fuqiu wanted to attack it, but he was afraid and left it, but King Fuqiu entered it.
二十九日,吴军进入郢都,按照上下次序分别住在楚国宫室里。吴王阖庐的儿子子山住进了令尹府,夫槩王想要攻打他,子山害怕,离开了,夫槩王就住进了令尹府。
On the 29th, Wu Jun entered Yingdu and lived in the palaces of Chu State in order of superiority and inferiority. Zishan, the son of King Wu Helu, lived in the Lingyin Mansion. King Fuqiu wanted to attack him, but Zishan was afraid and left. King Fuqiu lived in the Lingyin Mansion.
左司马戌及息而还,败吴师于雍澨,伤。初,司马臣阖庐,故耻为禽焉。谓其臣曰:“谁能免吾首?”吴句卑曰:“臣贱可乎?”司马曰:“我实失子,可哉!”三战皆伤,曰:“吾不用也已。”句卑布裳,刭而裹之,藏其身而以其首免。
Zuo Sima Xu returned before he had rested. He defeated the Wu army in Yongxi and was wounded. In the early days, Sima Chen kept his house closed, so he was ashamed to be like a bird. He said to his minister: "Who can spare my head?" Wu Goubei said: "Is it true that I have lost my son?" Sima said: "I have really lost my son, what a shame!" He was wounded in three battles, so he said: "I don't need it." Goubei wrapped his clothes in the crotch, hiding his body and spared his head.
左司马沈尹戌到达息地就往回退兵,在雍澨打败吴军,负了伤。当初,左司马曾经做过阖庐的臣下,所以把被吴军俘虏看成羞耻,对他的部下说:“谁能够不让吴国人得到我的脑袋?”吴国人句卑说:“下臣卑贱,可以担当这任务吗?”司马说:“我过去竟然没重视您,您行啊!”司马三次战斗都负了伤,说:“我不中用了。”句卑展开裙子,割下沈司马的脑袋包裹起来,藏好尸体,便带着沈尹戌的头逃走了。
Zuo Sima Shen Yinxu retreated when he arrived at Xi'an, defeated the Wu army at Yongxi, and was wounded. At the beginning, Zuo Sima once served as a subordinate of Helu, so he regarded being captured by the Wu army as a shame, and said to his subordinates: "Who can prevent the Wu people from getting my head?" Wu Guobi said: "I am a humble minister, can you take on this task?" Sima said: "I didn't pay attention to you in the past. You can do it!" Sima was wounded in three battles and said: "I am useless." Goubei unfolded his skirt, cut off Shen Sima's head and wrapped it, hid the body, and ran away with Shen Yinxu's head.
楚子涉雎,济江,入于云中。王寝,盗攻之,以戈击王。王孙由于以背受之。中肩。王奔郧,钟建负季羋以従,由于徐苏而従。郧公辛之弟怀将弑王,曰:“平王杀吾父,我杀其子,不亦可乎?”辛曰:“君讨臣,谁敢仇之?君命,天也,若死天命,将谁仇?《诗》曰:‘柔亦不茹,刚亦不吐,不侮矜寡,不畏强御。’唯仁者能之。违强陵弱,非勇也。乘人之约,非仁也。灭宗废祀,非孝也。动无令名,非知也。必犯是,余将杀女。”斗辛与其弟巢以王奔随。吴人従之,谓随人曰:“周之子孙在汉川者,楚实尽之。天诱其衷,致罚于楚,而君又窜之。周室何罪?君若顾报周室,施及寡人,以奖天衷,君之惠也。汉阳之田,君实有之。”楚子在公宫之北,吴人在其南。子期似王,逃王,而己为王,曰:“以我与之,王必免。”随人卜与之,不吉。乃辞吴曰:“以随之辟小而密迩于楚,楚实存之,世有盟誓,至于今未改。若难而弃之,何以事君?执事之患,不唯一人。若鸠楚竟,敢不听命。”吴人乃退。鑢(lǜ)金初官于子期氏,实与随人要言。王使见,辞,曰:“不敢以约为利。”王割子期之心,以与随人盟。
Chuzi crossed the Ju River, crossed the Jijiang River, and entered the clouds. When the king is sleeping, he steals it and attacks the king with a sword. Wang Sun received it on his back. Mid-shoulders. Wang Benyun, Zhong Jian and Ji Mi Yixi, because of Xu Su. The younger brother of Xin, the Duke of Yun, was pregnant with the general and killed the king. He said: "King Ping killed my father, and I killed his son. Isn't it okay?" Do not insult the weak, do not fear the strong. 'It is not brave to violate the strong and weak. It is not filial to destroy the clan. The people of Wu thought about it and said to others: "The descendants of Zhou are in Hanchuan, and Chu is really dead. Heaven tempted them, punished Chu, and the king fled. What is the crime of the Zhou family? If the king repays the Zhou family, gives to the few, and rewards the will of heaven, it is the king's favor. The fields of Hanyang are really there for the king." Chuzi is to the north of the palace, and Wu people are to the south. Ziqi was like a king, and he fled from the king, but he became the king himself, saying: "If I fight with him, the king will be spared." It is unlucky to follow others to predict him. Nai resigned from Wu and said: "With that, Chu was established as a small and close place. Chu actually exists and there are alliances and oaths in the world, which have not been changed to this day. If it is difficult to abandon it, why serve the king? The trouble of being a deacon is not just for one person. If Chu is the king, he dares not to obey orders." The Wu people retreated.鑢(lǜ) The first official of Jin Dynasty was in the Ziqi family, and he actually spoke to Sui Ren. When the king's envoy saw him, he said, "I don't dare to make an agreement for profit." The king cut off Ziqi's heart to make an alliance with his followers.
楚昭王渡过睢水,渡过长江,进入云梦泽。楚昭王在睡觉,强盗加以袭击,用戈刺击楚昭王,王孙由于用背去挡,击中了肩膀。楚昭王逃到郧地,钟建背着季羋跟随着。王孙由于慢慢苏醒过来以后,也跟上去。郧公辛的弟弟怀准备杀死楚昭王,说:“平王杀了我父亲,我杀死他的儿子,不也是应该的吗?”辛说:“国君讨伐臣下,谁敢仇恨他?国君的命令,代表上天的意志。如果死于天意,您还要仇恨谁?《诗》说,‘软的不吞下,硬的不吐掉。不欺鳏寡,不畏强暴’,这只有仁爱的人才能这样。逃避强暴,欺凌弱小,这不是勇;乘人之危,这不是仁;灭亡宗族,废弃祭祀,这不是孝;举动没有正当的名义,这不是明智。你要是一定这样做,我就先杀死你。”鬬辛就和他的弟弟巢护卫着楚昭王逃亡到随国。吴国人追赶楚昭王,吴王派人对随国国君说:“周朝的子孙封在汉水一带的,楚国全都灭了他们。上天的意志,降罚于楚国,而您又把楚君藏匿起来。周室有什么罪?您如果报答周室的恩惠,波及于寡人,来完成天意,这是您的恩惠,汉水北边的土地,您就可以享有。”楚王住在随国宫殿的北面,吴军在随国宫殿的南面。子期长得像楚昭王,他逃到楚昭王那里,穿上楚昭王的服饰,说:“把我交给吴军,君王一定可以脱险。”随国人为交出子期占卜吉凶,不吉利,就辞谢吴国说:“以随国的偏僻狭小而紧挨着楚国,楚国确实保全了我们。随、楚世世代代都有盟誓,到今天没有改变。如果有了危难而抛弃他们,又怎么能事奉君王?执事所担心的并不在于昭王这一个人,如果对楚国境内加以安抚,我国怎敢不听您的命令?”吴军就撤退了。鑢金当初在子期氏那里做家臣,曾经和随国人有过约定不要把楚昭王交给吴国人。楚昭王让他进见随君订盟,他辞谢,说:“不敢因为君王处于困难而谋求私利。”楚昭王割破子期的胸口和随国人盟誓。
King Zhao of Chu crossed the Suishui River, crossed the Yangtze River, and entered Yunmeng Ze. King Chu Zhao was sleeping, and the robbers attacked him and stabbed King Chu Zhao with a spear. Wang Sun blocked it with his back and hit his shoulder. King Chu Zhao fled to Yundi, and Zhong Jian followed Ji Mi on his back. After Wang Sun gradually regained consciousness, he also followed. Huai, the younger brother of Xin, the Duke of Yun, was about to kill King Zhao of Chu, and said: "King Ping killed my father, and I killed his son. Isn't it right for me to kill his son?" Xin said: "The king is attacking his subordinates, who dares to hate him? The king's orders represent the will of God. If you die by God's will, who will you hate? "Poetry" says, 'Don't swallow the soft ones, don't spit out the hard ones. Don't bully the widowers, "Not afraid of violence", this is only possible for benevolent people. To avoid violence and bully the weak is not courage; to take advantage of others' danger is not benevolence; to destroy the clan and abandon sacrifices is not filial piety; to act without a legitimate reason is not wise. " If you insist on doing this, I will kill you first." Huaxin and his brother Chao fled to Sui State. The people of Wu State chased King Zhao of Chu. The King of Wu sent someone to say to the king of Sui: "The descendants of the Zhou Dynasty were sealed in the Han River, and the Chu State destroyed them all. The will of heaven has punished the Chu State, and you have hidden the Chu King. What does the Zhou Dynasty have? Sin? If you repay the kindness of the Zhou Dynasty and spread it to others to fulfill God's will, this is your favor. You can enjoy the land north of the Han River. "The king of Chu lives to the north of Suiguo's palace, and the Wu army is to the south of Suiguo's palace. Ziqi looked like King Zhao of Chu. He fled to King Zhao of Chu, put on the clothes of King Zhao of Chu, and said, "Give me to the Wu army, and the king will be able to escape." The people of Sui predicted good or bad luck for handing over Ziqi, but it was unlucky, so they declined and said: "Since Sui is remote and narrow and close to Chu, Chu will be safe." Sui and Chu have had an oath for generations, and it has not changed to this day. If they are abandoned in danger, how can they serve the king? The deacon is not worried about King Zhao. How can our country dare not obey your order if the Chu Kingdom is appeased? When Jin Jin was a retainer of the Ziqi family, he had made an agreement with the people of Sui not to hand over King Zhao Zhao of Chu to the people of Wu. King Chu Zhao asked him to come in and make an alliance with the king, but he declined, saying, "I dare not seek personal gain because the king is in difficulty." King Zhao Zhao of Chu cut Ziqi's chest and swore an alliance with the people of Sui.
初,伍员与申包胥友。其亡也,谓申包胥曰:“我必复楚国。”申包胥曰:“勉之!子能复之,我必能兴之。”及昭王在随,申包胥如秦乞师,曰:“吴为封豕、长蛇,以荐食上国,虐始于楚。寡君失守社稷,越在草莽。使下臣告急,曰:‘夷德无厌,若邻于君,疆埸之患也。逮吴之未定,君其取分焉。若楚之遂亡,君之土也。若以君灵抚之,世以事君。’”秦伯使辞焉,曰:“寡人闻命矣。子姑就馆,将图而告。”对曰:“寡君越在草莽,未获所伏。下臣何敢即安?”立,依于庭墙而哭,日夜不绝声,勺饮不入口七日。秦哀公为之赋《无衣》,九顿首而坐,秦师乃出。
At the beginning, Wu Yuan and Shen Baoxu were friends. After its death, Shen Baoxu said to Shen Baoxu: "I will restore Chu." Shen Baoxu said: "Encourage it! If you can restore it, I will be able to revive it." When King Zhao followed, Shen Baoxu was like a beggar from Qin, saying: "Wu enfeoffed pigs and snakes to recommend food to the kingdom, and the abuses began in Chu. The few monarchs lost control of the country, and the more they lived in the grass. He sent his subordinates to report to the officials, saying: 'The barbarians are extremely virtuous, and if they are neighbors to the king, there will be dangers in the territory. If Wu is to be captured, the king will take his share. If the king of Chu dies, he will be cared for by his spirit. ’” Qin Bo envoy said: “I have heard of your fate. He went to the pavilion and reported the situation. He said to him, "I am hiding in the grass, and I have not been able to capture you. How dare you, my subordinates, to settle down?" He stood up and cried against the wall of the courtyard, without stopping to drink from his spoon for seven days. Duke Ai of Qin wrote the poem "No Clothes" for him. He sat down with his head down for a moment, and Master Qin came out.
当初,伍员和申包胥是朋友。伍员逃亡的时候,对申包胥说:“我一定要颠覆楚国。”申包胥说:“尽力干吧!您能颠覆楚国,我一定能复兴楚国。”等到楚昭王在随国避难,申包胥就到秦国去请求出兵,说:“吴国就是大猪、长蛇,一再吞食中原国家,为害从楚国开始。寡君失守国家,远在杂草丛林之中,使下臣报告急难,说:‘夷人的本性是贪得无厌,如果吴国成为君王的邻国,这是边境的祸患。乘着吴国没有安定下来,君王可以平分楚国。如果楚国就此灭亡,那就是君王的土地了。如果仰仗君王的威福派兵镇抚楚国,楚国将世世代代事奉君王。’”秦哀公辞谢申包胥,说:“我知道您的意见了,您姑且到宾馆休息,我们要商量一下再答复您。”申包胥回答说:“寡君逃亡到杂草丛林之中,还没有得到安身的地方,下臣哪敢去休息呢?”申包胥靠着院墙站着嚎陶大哭,日夜哭声不断,七天不喝一口水。秦哀公大为感动,赋了《无衣》这首诗。申包胥叩头九次,然后坐下。秦军于是出动。
At first, Wu Yuan and Shen Baoxu were friends. When the soldiers were fleeing, they said to Shen Baoxu: "I must overthrow the Chu State." Shen Baoxu said: "Do your best! If you can overthrow the Chu State, I will definitely revive the Chu State." When King Chu Zhao took refuge in Sui, Shen Baoxu went to Qin to request troops, saying: "Wu is a big pig. , Long snakes, repeatedly devoured the Central Plains countries, and the harm started from the Chu country. The widowed king lost the country and was far away in the weeds and jungles, so his subordinates reported the emergency and said: "The nature of the Yi people is greedy. If the Wu country becomes a neighboring country, it will be a disaster for the Wu country without stability." Come down, the king can divide the Chu country equally. If the Chu country is destroyed, it will be the king's land. If you rely on the king's power to send troops to suppress the Chu country, the Chu country will serve the king from generation to generation. '" Qin Aigong thanked Shen Baoxu and said, "I understand your opinion. Please come to the guest for the time being." We will discuss it before we give you an answer." Shen Baoxu replied, "I fled to the jungle and haven't found a place to stay. How dare I rest?" Shen Baoxu stood leaning against the courtyard wall and cried, crying day and night. He didn't drink a sip of water for seven days. Duke Ai of Qin was greatly moved and wrote the poem "No Clothes". Shen Baoxu kowtowed nine times and then sat down. The Qin army then dispatched.
