【Original text】
祁奚请老(1)，晋侯问嗣焉(2)。称解狐(3)——其仇也。将立之而卒。 又问焉。对曰：“午也可(4)。”于是羊舌职死矣(5)，晋侯曰：“孰可以 代之(6)？”对曰：“赤也可(7)。”于是使祁午为中军尉(8)，羊舌赤佐之(9)。 君子谓 祁奚于是能举善矣(10)。称其仇，不为谄(11)；立其子，不 为比(12)；举其偏，不为党(13)。《商书》曰：“无偏无党，王道荡荡(14)。” 其 祁奚 之谓 矣。解狐得举， 祁午得位，伯华得官；建一官而三物 成，能举善也。夫为善，故能举其类。《诗》云：“惟其有之，是以似之(15)。” 祁奚有 焉。
Qi Xi asked the old man (1), and the Marquis of Jin asked about the heir (2). Called Jiehu (3) - his hatred. Will stand and die. Asked again. He said to him: "Wu Ye can do it (4)." So Yang Shi died in his post (5), and the Marquis of Jin asked: "Who can replace him (6)?" He said to him: "Chi Ye can do it (7)." So Qi Wu was made a lieutenant in the middle army (8), and Yang Shi Chi assisted him (9). The gentleman says that Qi Xi can do good deeds (10). To call him an enemy is not to flatter him (11); to establish his son is not to compare (12); to call him a partial person is not to serve the party (13). "Business Book" says: "Without partiality or party, the king's way is unrestrained (14)." Qi Xi is called "the king." Jie Hu was promoted, Qi Wu was promoted, and Bo Hua was promoted to an official. If you build an official and achieve three things, you can do good deeds. The husband is good, so he can be likened to others. "Poetry" says: "Only because it exists, it is like it (15)." Qi Xi Youyan.
【注释】
【Note】
(1)祁奚：字黄羊，晋国大臣，三年前任晋国中军尉。请老：告老，请求 退休。(2)晋侯；指晋悼公。嗣：指接替职位的人。(3)称：推举。解 狐：晋国的大臣。(4)午；祁午， 祁奚的儿子。(5)于是：在这个时候。羊舌职：晋国的大臣 当时任中军佐，姓羊舌，名职。(6)孰：谁。(7)赤： 羊舌赤，字伯华，羊舌职的儿子。(8)中军尉：中军的军尉。(9)佐子： 辅佐他，这里这指担当中军佐。(10)于是：在这件事情上。举：推荐。善：指 贤能的人。(11)谄(chan)：谄媚，讨好。(12)比：偏袒，偏爱。(13)偏： 指副职，下属。党：勾结。(14)这两句话见于《尚书。洪范》。王道： 理想中的政治。荡荡：平坦广大的样子。这里指公正无私。(15)这两句诗 出自《诗.小雅.裳裳者华》。
(1) Qi Xi: courtesy name Huangyang, minister of Jin State, three years ago he was a lieutenant in the Jin State. Please beg old age: beg old age and ask for retirement. (2) Marquis of Jin; refers to the Duke of Jin. Heir: Refers to the person who takes over the position. (3) Said: recommendation. Jie Hu: Minister of Jin State. (4) Wu; Qi Wu, Qi Xi’s son. (5) So: at this time. Yang Shizhi: A minister of the Jin State. At that time, he was the assistant of the Central Army. His surname was Yang Shi and he had a famous position. (6) Which: Who. (7) Chi: Yang Yan Chi, courtesy name Bohua, the son of Yang Yan Zu. (8) Lieutenant of the Chinese Army: Lieutenant of the Chinese Army. (9) Zuo Zi: Assist him, here this refers to serving as a military assistant. (10)So: on this matter. Example: Recommended. Good: Refers to a virtuous person. (11) Flatter (chan): flatter, please. (12) Ratio: favoritism, preference. (13) Partial: Refers to deputy positions and subordinates. Party: collusion. (14) These two sentences are found in Shangshu. Hong Fan". Wang Dao: Ideal politics. Dangdang: flat and broad. This refers to impartiality and selflessness. (15) These two poems come from "Poetry. Xiaoya. Shang Shang Zhe Hua".
【译文】
【Translation】
祁奚请求告老退休，晋悼公向他询问接替他的中军尉职务的人。祁奚推举解狐——而解狐是他的仇人。 晋悼公要立解狐为中军尉，解狐却死了。晋悼公又问他，祁奚回答说：“祁午可以任 中军尉。” 正在这个时候羊舌职死了， 晋悼公问 祁奚：“谁可以接替羊舌职的职位？”祁奚回答说：“ 羊舌赤可以。” 于是，晋悼公让祁午做了中军尉，让 羊舌赤辅佐他。
Qi Xi asked to retire, and Duke Dao of Jin asked him about his replacement as lieutenant. Qi Xi recommended Jie Hu—and Jie Hu was his enemy. Duke Ao of Jin wanted to appoint Xie Hu as a lieutenant in the army, but Xie Hu died. Duke Ao of Jin asked him again, and Qi Xi replied: "Qi Wu can be appointed as a lieutenant in the middle army." At this time, Yang Shizhi died. Duke Ao of Jin asked Qi Xi, "Who can take over Yang Shizhi's position?"
君子认为 祁奚在这件事情上能够推举贤人。推荐他的仇人，而不 谄媚；推立他的儿子，而不偏袒；推举 他的下属，而不是勾结。《尚书。洪范》说：“没有偏袒不结党，王道政治坦荡荡。”这话大概是说的 祁奚 这样的人了。解狐得到举推，祁午得到职位，羊舌赤得到官职；立了一个中军尉的官，而得举、得位、得官 三件好事都成全了，这正是由于他能推举贤人。恐怕只有贤人，才能推举跟自己一样的人。《诗.小雅.裳裳者华》说：“只因为他有仁德，才能推举象他的人。” 祁奚就具有这样的美德。
The gentleman believes that Qi Xi can recommend a wise person in this matter. Recommend his enemies without flattery; promote his sons without partiality; promote his subordinates without collusion. "Shang Shu. "Hong Fan" said: "There is no favoritism and no party formation, and the king's politics is open and honest." This sentence is probably referring to people like Qi Xi. Jie Hu was promoted, Qi Wu was promoted, and Yang Yanchi was promoted to an official position. He was appointed as a lieutenant, and all three good things were accomplished: he was able to recommend worthy people. I am afraid that only wise men can recommend people like themselves. "Poetry. Xiaoya. Shang Shang Zhe Hua" says: "Only because he has benevolence can he recommend people like him." Qi Xi has such virtue.
【读解】
【Interpretation】
根据我们自己的经验，能做到象 祁奚这样，不管是仇人也好，还是自己的亲属、部下也好只以德行和才能 作为推荐的标准，这样的人古往今来都是少数，确实不多。假如世界上充满了象 祁奚这种坦坦荡荡、不偏不党的君子，世界将会是另一个样子，祁奚也就失去了光彩。正因为稀少，大多数 人做不到，他才成了榜样， 才有了光彩，才让我们称赞。
According to our own experience, people like Qi Xi who can only use virtue and talent as the criteria for recommendation, whether they are enemies, relatives or subordinates, have been in the minority throughout the ages, indeed not many. If the world were full of upright and impartial gentlemen like Qi Xi, the world would be different, and Qi Xi would lose his luster. It is precisely because he is rare and most people cannot do it that he becomes a role model, has glory and is praised by us.
从人们的愿望来说，总希望 祁奚越多越好，世界也将因此变的越来越美好。但是，希望和现实总是有差距的 ，有时甚至还会很大。一方面我们不会因为现实不如意而放弃希望；另一方面，我们也不会有了前人榜样 ，心怀希望，从而闭目不看现实。这大概是一个永 的 论，难以解决。
From the perspective of people's wishes, they always hope that the more Qi Xi, the better, and the world will become better and better as a result. However, there is always a gap between hope and reality, sometimes even a big gap. On the one hand, we will not give up hope because the reality is unsatisfactory; on the other hand, we will not have the hope of our predecessors and close our eyes to reality. This is probably an eternal argument that is difficult to resolve.
理想与现实比较起来，要虚无飘渺的多，因为我们总是脚踏实地、实实在在地感受到周围生活的真实模样： 人们拉帮结伙，你吹我捧，一方面胆子更大，另一方面手法更新，再加上更新的创造， 比如“炒”，比如人走茶不凉把尾巴留下。当你实实在在地面对这些东西时，能不丧气吗？。
Compared with reality, ideals are much more illusory, because we always feel down-to-earth and truly feel the true appearance of life around us: people form gangs, and you flatter me. On the one hand, you are bolder, and on the other hand, the techniques are newer, coupled with newer creations, such as "fried", such as leaving the tail behind when the tea is not cold. When you face these things in real terms, can you not be discouraged? .
我们总是在失望和丧气中想起一句不老不新的话：前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。表面上看起来 这话充满积极乐观的气味，但是一想到玻璃缸里的 金鱼，就是一番滋味在心头。
We always think of a saying that is neither old nor new when we are disappointed and frustrated: the future is bright, but the road is tortuous. On the surface, these words seem to be full of positivity and optimism, but when I think of the goldfish in the glass tank, I feel a sense of joy in my heart.
